the weather in armenia essay

Climate of Armenia

Climate of Armenia is very different. The country is located in the subtropical zone, among ridges of the central part of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains. But despite this the subtropical climate is observed only in the southern part of Armenia (Megri region). It is an area of such subtropical plants as oranges, lemons, olives and other plants.

Climate of Armenia in other regions is markedly continental. Summer is dry and sunny, lasting from June to mid-September. Winter is short and quite cold with plenty of snow. In the mountains the average summer temperature ranges between +10 and +22°C, and in the winter temperatures range between +2 and -14 °C. In plain lands the average January temperature is -5 °C, and July temperature is +25 °C.

In autumn and spring frosts are frequently strong, and the soil temperature can fall to –28 °C at that. Heat distribution in Armenia depends on the height of the place. Even within a city the temperature between two neighboring districts can differ by 2-3 °C.

More than 90% of Armenia lies on the height of 1000 meters above sea level. This fact forms these features of the climate. Therefore, the average temperature in Armenia, as in other mountainous countries, falls by one degree at every 200 meters of ascent.

The yearly precipitation amount depends on the height of the area: 200-800 mm on the average. First rainy season in Armenia lasts from spring to early summer while the months of October and November experience the second spell of rain. In the winter mountain areas receive a lot of snowfall (up to 100-150 mm), which lies on the slopes until March-April and all year round on the tops of the mountains.

Autumn and mid-spring are the best seasons to visit Armenia. Springs are short, while falls are long. Armenian fall is noted for mild and sunny weather, bright colors of landscapes and abundance of autumn fruits.

More about climate in Armenia

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Seasons in armenia.

Although Armenia is located in the zone of subtropical climate actual subtropical weather is observed only in southern edge of the country. The rest of the country has mild continental weather taking into account mountainous relief. This feature causes unstable and patchy nature of weather conditions in Armenia.

Scale of unevenness of distribution of the weather is impressive. Occasionally difference between temperature of opposite pats of certain town may reach 4 °C (7 °F). Weather in the Capital (Yerevan) is very dry at summer and cold at winter. In fact it is the coldest spot in whole country. In lands with lower altitude weather is comfortable.

Spring in Armenia

Spring comes to plains first at first days of March. Population of higher regions welcomes spring only with beginning of April. Nature blasts with juicy vegetation and average daytime temperature reaches 12 °C (54 °F). Same time highlands may have average temperature of -1 °C (30 °F). At April gardens begin to bloom and temperature rises to about 18-19 °C in plains (64-66 °F) while on higher territories thermometer shows 5 °C (41 °F).

Overall precipitation levels are rather high yet weather is mostly sunny and comfortable. At May air becomes even warmer with about 24 °C (75 °F) in plains and 12 °C (54 °F) in mountains. Nights stay cold with frosts in higher altitudes.

Climate of the Spring Months

( Yerevan )

Spring Holidays

Easter celebrations with variable dates at March-April. 8 March – International Women’s Holiday.

7 April – Motherhood and Beauty Day. 24 April – Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day.

1 May – International Workers' Day. 8 May – Country keeper's day. 9 May – Victory and Peace Day. 15 May – Family Day 16 May – Students and Youth Day. 28 May – Republic Day

Summer in Armenia

Delay of seasons shift between plain and mountainous regions applies to summer too. Good weather in flatlands starts right away at beginning of June while population of higher localities waits for last days of same months. Usually there are significant amount of precipitation and weather becomes unpredictable. Daytime temperature rises to about 27 °C (81 °F) and at night drops to about 17 °C (63 °F).

July is the hottest month of a year with 28 °C (82 °F) and 19 °C (66 °F) in plains and mountains respectively. At August weather is similar unless night temperatures range gradually drops bit by bit.

Climate of the Summer Months

Summer Holidays

1 June – The day of protection of children rights. 14 June – The day of memory of repressed people

64th day after Easter – Holiday of Saint Etchmiadzin. 5 July – Constitution Day and Day of State Symbols.

Autumn in Armenia

At autumn heat is giving way to mild warmth. Average air temperature is about 22 °C (72 °F) but autumn nights are much colder than they were at summer. Temperature drops down to 9 °C (48 °F). Overall weather condition is comfortable and on top of it there is quite little precipitation.

At October temperature drops again to about 18 °C (64 °F). And in mountains even night frosts are possible. November brings another expected drop of temperature to about 10 °C (50 °F). Night frosts come to plain territories too. Most of precipitation falls in Syunik Province while Ararat Province is almost completely dry.

Climate of the Autumn Months

Autumn Holidays

1 September – Knowledge and school Day. 21 September – Independence Day.

5 October – Teacher's Day. Second Saturday of October – Translator's Day

10 November – Day of local self-governance.

Winter in Armenia

Winter in the country begins right at 1 of December. Temperature of air rapidly drops and in some regions it starts to snow. January is the coldest month. At this time temperature in the capital is around -6 °C (21 °F) while in neighborhoods of Lake Sevan it is -13 °C (9 °F).

Yerevan and its region is coldest place in the country with occasional frost to -30 °C (-22 °F). Also amount of snow grows respectively to altitude. In some locations it remains until the middle of April. February brings gradual warming and by the end of the month temperature is shifting between 0 and 3 °C (32-37 °F).

Climate of the Winter Months

Winter Holidays

7 December – Day of memory of victims of earthquake. 9 December – Day of condemning and preventing genocides.

1–2 January – New Year Day. 3–5 January – Pre-Christmas holidays. 6 January – Christmas Day.

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Climate - Armenia

The climate in detail

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Weather in Armenia

Armenia is located in the subtropical zone of in the ridges of the central part of the Lesser Caucasus. Maybe this is the reason why the weather in Armenia varies a lot. Every region has a unique and typical climate. 

The subtropical climate is especially common in the southern part of the country, Syunik province (particularly the city Meghri ). Due to the weather conditions, this area let people grow some subtropical fruits such as orange, lemon, olive, etc. 

Weather in Armenia Year Round

If you plan to visit Armenia you’ll need some information related to the Armenian climete. The general weather conditions in Armenia are continental with dry summers and snowy winters. Let’s investigate the peculiarities of Armenian weather in every season.

Weather in Armenia: Winter

Winter starts in Armenia in late November. The climate is mild and sometimes snowy. However if it snows the snow doesn’t stay long. Armenia becomes a wonderland in winter. Many regions are covered with soft snow and you may meet the festive decorations everywhere.

Since the beginning of December every part of the country, and especially the capital is decorated for the Christmas. If you are fond of winter sports then Armenia is a right destination for you. The most famous places to have unique winter adventures in Armenia are Tsaghkadzor ( Kotayk region ) and Jermuk ( Vayots Dzor Region ).

Inspite of the cold weather you’ll meet a warm and hospitable welcoming atmosphere in Armenia. You may try seasonal dishes and taste sweets . By the way the queen of the Armenian winter table is Khash .  

Weather in Armenia: Spring

With the blossom of the first snowdrop, the spring starts in Armenia. Here it is the season of love. There is an one month long holiday in Armenia during the spring which starts on the March 8th on Women’s International Day and ends on the April 7th National Day of Maternity. This one month holiday is devoted to the females.

Spring is the season when you can see flowers everywhere: in the streets, cafes, shops, etc. People like to present flowers to each other. Visiting Armenia in Spring is a real joy. All the trees are in full blossom and you may smell the sweet odour of the flowers.

Spring is a good season to go for hiking. A great destination will be up to the mount Aragats . You may also enjoy your stay in Dilijan at the heart of the mother nature. However, note that the spring, especially the April, is rainy in Armenia.

Weather in Armenia: Summer

Do you want to have an unforgetable journey? Then take a vocation to Armenia in summer. This is the season when you have a lot of choice to make: hiking , climbing , beach holidas, tours, extreme , active and passive rest , or whatever else you may like.

Summers are hot in Armenia. The average temperature varies between 23-26 C and it may reach up to 40 C. That’s why people go to the beach. Maybe the lake Sevan is the most visited place in Armenia during the summer.

On the other hand, summer is the season of sweet and juicy fruits and berries. Surely you’ll like apricot - one of the Armenian national symbols . During the summer you may take part in various interesting festivals that will ensure your entertainment.   

Weather in Armenia: Autumn

Autumn is a romantic season especially in Armenia. Armenian weather in autumn is warm. The September is even hot as in summer, but the weather becomes cooler since October, and in November it’s already cold. Sometime you may even face snowy weather.

In the autumn people are busy with harvest. They gather all the fruits, vegetables and crops, and get prepared for the winter. It’s common to preserve and store foods as a winter stock.

The autumn is a perfect season to go to hike trips. It’s particularly pleasant when the weather is cool and you may feel a little bit of cold. So, you may make a campfire and sing the famous songs of Rouben Hakhverdyan - the well-known Armenian musician.    

Weather in Yerevan

Comparing with the regions the weather in Yerevan  is different. It’s hotter in summer and colder in winter. The yerevan weather is pleasant in every season. However we may say that the summer is an exception, because people tend to leave the city in summer for cooler places.

Generally, the Yerevan temperature is -3-6 C in winter, 10-18 C in spring, 23-27 in summer, and 1-14 C in autumn.   

The capital city is especially attractive in winter when the city is decorated with the Christmas lights and various bright decorations. The central christmas tree is located at the heart of the city - in the Republic Square .

In summer when the various fountains are irrigated in the city you may hear the voice of the water from everywhere. That sound provides a somehow cool atmosphere. The singing fountains in the Republic Square are one of the favorite places for children and not only.

Now you have  a general idea about the Armenian weather and your opportunities of having a great pastime in this mountainous country. Choose the weather that best fits your interests and welcome to Armenia.

Published July 25, 2019 Article by Vera Mirzoyan

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Daily chance of precipitation in armenia, average monthly rainfall in armenia, average monthly snowfall in armenia, hours of daylight in armenia, chance of muggy conditions in armenia, average wind speed in armenia, tourism score in armenia, beach/pool score in armenia, growing season in armenia, growing degree days in armenia, average daily incident shortwave solar energy in armenia, data sources.

This report illustrates the typical weather for Yerevan and Gyumri year round, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016.

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We draw particular cautious attention to our reliance on the MERRA-2 model-based reconstructions for a number of important data series. While having the tremendous advantages of temporal and spatial completeness, these reconstructions: (1) are based on computer models that may have model-based errors, (2) are coarsely sampled on a 50 km grid and are therefore unable to reconstruct the local variations of many microclimates, and (3) have particular difficulty with the weather in some coastal areas, especially small islands.

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Armenia weather in April

Thinking about venturing to Armenia this April and curious about the weather conditions to expect? This page holds all the key information you seek, responding to your question:

What is the weather like in Armenia in April?

Armenia has a wide variety of climate types. During April, you can expect temperatures that range from cold to moderate and precipitation levels ranging from moderate to high.

Based on our climate data spanning from 1990-2020, the average maximum temperature is cold in Jermuk at 8°C to moderate in Ejmiatsin at 17°C . Nighttime temperatures generally drop to 5°C in Ejmiatsin and -2°C in Jermuk .

In April, precipitation varies across different areas. From moderate rainfall in Yerevan with an average of 75 mm to high rainfall in Tsaghkadzor with 153 mm . Going by our weather data, it is the wettest month of the year in Yerevan . Meanwhile, Yerevan enjoys close to 207 hours of sunlight. This means it's a great month if you prefer bright and sunny days.

For a closer look at April's conditions in Armenia, see the map below. For a more detailed look at Armenia's yearly weather, check out our Armenia climate page .

Where to go in Armenia in April

Popular destinations

What is the weather like in April for the 5 most popular destinations in Armenia?

In April Yerevan generally has moderate temperatures with maximum daytime temperatures around 16°C , minimum nighttime temperatures around 4°C and moderate monthly rainfall. So on average the conditions are tolerable that month.

Tsaghkadzor

In April Tsaghkadzor generally has low temperatures with maximum daytime temperatures around 9°C , minimum nighttime temperatures around -0°C and high monthly snow/rainfall. So on average the conditions are poor that month.

In April Dilijan generally has low temperatures with maximum daytime temperatures around 10°C , minimum nighttime temperatures around 1°C and high monthly rainfall. So on average the conditions are poor that month.

In April Jermuk generally has low temperatures with maximum daytime temperatures around 8°C , minimum nighttime temperatures around -2°C and high monthly snow/rainfall. So on average the conditions are poor that month.

In April Goris generally has low temperatures with maximum daytime temperatures around 12°C , minimum nighttime temperatures around 1°C and high monthly rainfall. So on average the conditions are poor that month.

Is your destination not in the list? Have a look at other destinations in Armenia .

Is April the best time to visit Armenia?

Given the typically tolerable weather conditions in Yerevan , April might be a good time to visit Armenia. It's worth noting that weather conditions might differ depending on the location you visit.

On average, the best time to visit Armenia is in May , June , July , August , September and October with generally perfect weather in Yerevan . In contrast, January , February , March , November and December tend to have poor weather conditions.

Interested in more climate information?

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Weather and climate has detailed information for every country in the world. Are you going to Armenia? Get detailed historical weather averages for many cities in Armenia .

Not sure yet where to go? We now have a tool which recommends destinations that suit your ideal climate conditions. Find out where to go with our weather planner .

16 Pros and Cons of Living in Armenia

The state of Armenia is located in the Caucasus region.

This region is part of three countries that make up Transcaucasia.

The other two states are Azerbaijan and Georgia .

If you are interested in moving to Armenia, there are a few areas you want to cover, such as language and currency.

But beyond that, these pros and cons will help you decide if Armenia is the right state for your next residency.

1. Mediterranean Climate

2. dig the snow, 3. saltworts and wormwood, 4. exciting animal species, 5. roots in ancient mesopotamia, 6. small population size, 7. they drink alcohol , 8. it’s cheaper to live in armenia than in the us, 1. one percent uses renewable energy, 2. they love meats, 3. unrest at armenia-azerbaijan border, 4. they don’t take plastic, 5. high poverty rate, 6. lack of people, 7. domestic violence is a major problem, 8. land mines kill , pros and cons of living in armenia – summary table, armenia safety overview, when did armenia become independent, what is the language spoken by most armenians, what is the currency of armenia, is armenia a third-world country like ethiopia, can foreigners buy a house in armenia, pros of living in armenia.

For those who love the warm, airy weather of the Mediterranean, consider a move to Armenia.

The weather is great along the northern coast of the Black Sea .

Spend your summers sunbaking along the shores and indulging in the local seafood.

You may end up in the best shape of your life as a result, if the so-called Mediterranean diet is as healthy as experts claim.

If you are a snowbird at heart, don’t fear, as this Mediterranean-bordered state also has plenty of frozen stuff.

Stay cool and keep tubing and sledding with the four to five months of snow that falls in the southern highlands region.

Balance your lifestyle of outdoor recreation with the Black Sea and the Mediterranean sunshine with the snowy weather of the south.

The Alaska Tsaghkadzor Ski Resort is one of the state’s more luxurious places to go skiing, but there are several more in Armenia.

These are a few of the most interesting plant species that grow for only a sporadic period of time in the Armenian countryside.

Saltworts are seagrasses that grow in salt water, while wormwood is the ingredient used to make the green liquor drink called absinthe .

Hornbeam, Nordmann fir, and lava plateaus are also on the horizon in Armenia.

If you want some new flora to dig up, this is the state and locale to do it.

All of these exciting and ethereal species of plants that only last for a fleeting moment are growing somewhere in a season in Armenia.

In the wilds of Armenia, there are a substantial number of exotic animal species that you will never find living in the US.

The Persian gazelle; long-eared hedgehogs; mouflon, which are small feral sheep; and the Armenian viper are among the interesting animals in Armenia.

There are also goats and pheasants, which, while they are found in North America, are few and far between.

If you love animals, then you are going to really appreciate the fauna species of Armenia.

Armenia is one of the oldest states developed in the world with roots in Ancient Mesopotamia.

In addition, Armenia was one of the first territories to start working with bronze as a metal.

This was a major upgrade for weaponry and farming implements, which helped this society advance more rapidly and stay alive for a long.

As a result, the history of Armenia is super rich and deep.

Moving to Armenia is a great idea for any historian or history buff who is ready for an adventure.

There are approximately 2.8 million people living in Armenia as of 2021 states the World Bank .

Compare this to the US where there were nearly 332 million people in that same year.

That’s quite a jump in population size if you are from the US.

You get a chance to meet a much higher percentage of the total social demographic when living in Armenia.

In addition, the smaller population size means you will have far fewer people on the roads and in the housing market.

As for the job sector, fewer people means a lack of opportunities simply based on supply and demand.

If you are a drinker of beer, wine, or spirited liquor, there is a chance you will get drunk when in Armenia.

There are no laws prohibiting drinking in public, and bars are openly serving the state’s most popular beer–Kilikia.

Armenia is also one of the world’s oldest wine-producing regions.

Vayots Dzor in Armenia is more than 6,000 years old and claims, according to Wine Magazine, to be the oldest winery on the planet.

Bring back bottles of vintage wine from Armenia as you visit friends from your new home abroad.

You might even luck up and start your own winery or vineyard. Watch out, Napa Valley!

It is 43 percent cheaper to live in Armenia based on the cost of living for that state and the US.

The cost of living includes how much money is required to cover basic essentials, such as food, housing, and transportation.

For example, in reference to the cost of housing, Armenians pay about 50 percent of what Americans pay for housing.

If you can spend half of what you earn in Armenia, while still working for yourself or as a contractor through a US company, you will save quite a lot of money this way. 

Cons of Living in Armenia

Unfortunately, there are not a lot of solar power or solar panel stores in Armenia, based on the demographics.

Less than one percent, at only 0.1 percent, use renewable electricity.

This means there are no solar grids or carbon footprint programs to help you reduce your own energy costs.

If you are an eco-warrior or interested in going off the grid, you will likely struggle a lot with a lack of infrastructure.

Your electricity provider most likely won’t have access to supplies to help you reduce your energy costs either.

Fortunately, the low cost of living means you will have less to pay for these utilities.

And, 100 percent of the country has electricity, so you can be free of worrying that you will not be able to power up your television and computer.

Are you a vegetarian or a vegan?

Well, strike Armenia off the list because they love meat in this state.

Minced meat, kabobs, roasted and fried, and all kinds of pork, beef, poultry, and fish are on the menu.

Prepare to savor a lot of salty, succulent meaty bits while in Armenia.

Of course, you will be able to eat plenty of dolmas, which are stuffed grape leaves. 

The Armenia-Azerbaijan border is currently not open for travel, according to the US Department of State .

This is due to armed conflict at the border, which also negatively affects Nagorno-Karabakh.

When traveling in Armenia, it is dangerous to go to certain regions.

That can be scary to consider as a new resident as you do not want to travel into treacherous territories.

As in credit cards –Armenians do not accept credit cards for most shop purchases.

Therefore, you will either have to use an in-state card or the ATM to withdraw cash as Armenian dram.

If you are an American who uses a credit card a lot for expenses, such as for business spending or traveling, forget about it in Armenia. 

While the cost of living in Armenia is very low compared to the US, so is the amount of money earned gross per capita, averaging $4,000 USD per adult annually.

The poverty rate in Armenia is 26 percent , which is nearly three times higher than that of the US.

This can be concerning if you are wealthy, or particularly poor, and hope to move to a country that will improve your earnings potential.

In that case, forget about Armenia.

As noted, there are fewer than 3 million people in the entire state of Armenia.

You could practically meet someone from every family tree if you work in a public job in this part of the world.

If you are big on meeting new people all of the time, Armenia will make your social world feel very small.

You may even feel claustrophobic at the lack of people who live in this state.

Unfortunately, with the smaller population size, domestic violence is rampant.

This could be associated with more tight-knit community bonds that help protect the perpetrator rather than the victim.

Either way, the Human Rights Watch World Report 2021 states that in the first half of that year, 326 counts of domestic violence were reported.

For individuals who are worried about a loved one who is marrying someone in Armenia and moving abroad, there is reason to feel concerned. 

Then there are the land mines, and the last thing anyone in Armenia wants to do is step on one of those.

Unfortunately, as a result of civil unrest on the northern border with Azerbaijan, more than 100 people were killed by landmines, according to Amnesty International .

Watching where you walk is only going to get you so far in the case of a hidden bomb in the sand. 

READ THE FULL REPORT: Armenia Safety Review

• OVERALL RISK: LOW
• TRANSPORT & TAXIS RISK: MEDIUM
• PICKPOCKETS RISK: MEDIUM
• NATURAL DISASTERS RISK: MEDIUM
• MUGGING RISK: LOW
• TERRORISM RISK: LOW
• SCAMS RISK: MEDIUM
• WOMEN TRAVELERS RISK: LOW

Frequently Asked Questions

In 1991, with the overthrow of the Soviet Union , the three Transcaucasia states including Armenia were granted their independence.

The official language of Armenia is Armenian .

The way to say “hello” in Armenian is written as Բարեւ Ձեզ and pronounced as Barev DZez.

You can also simply say “hi” via Barev.

In Armenia, the Armenian dram is the official currency.

Another nearby state that also uses the dram for its currency is the Republic of Artsakh.

No, Armenia is a second-world country that is in between third-world Ethiopia and first-world Canada.

The main reason that Armenia is a second and not first-world country is that the state has not joined NATO or the Communist bloc for politics.

However, 34 percent of national parliament seats are currently held, and Armenians hold political elections regularly.

In addition, 69 percent of the population has safe sanitation and 100 percent have electricity.

These indications show that Armenia is well advanced in most areas and considered a second-world country.

Yes, in Armenia , anyone who lives there, regardless of their country of origin, can buy a house.

They are also able to purchase land and have ownership rights just like a natural-born Armenian.

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Armenia is in the zone of influence of an active cyclone. In the afternoon of the 9th, on the night of March 9th to 10th and in the morning in Shirak, Lori, the foothills of Tavush, in the mountainous areas of Aragatsotn, Kotayk, Vayots Dzor, Ararat, Gegharkunik, heavy snowfalls are expected, in some places-a snowstorm, low horizontal visibility. Drivers are advised to drive on these sections only with winter tires.

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Essay on Weather and Climate

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• Essay on Variation in Climate and Weather

Essay # 1. Meaning of Weather and Climate:

Weather is the day-to-day state of atmosphere and pertains to short term changes in conditions of heat, moisture and air movement. Weather results from processes that attempt to equalise the differences in the distribution of net radiant energy from sun. In other words, the instantaneous state of atmosphere can be called as weather. It is usually expressed as fine, fair, foggy, cloudy, rainy, sunny or windy weather.

The process of exchange of heat and moisture between earth and atmosphere over a long period of time (month, season, and year) related to large areas (zone, state, country, continent) results in conditions what we call climate.

It is aggregate of atmospheric conditions involving heat, moisture and air movement. In other words, the totality of weather over a large area is known as climate. It is expressed as marine, continental, arid, semiarid, humid or desert climate.

ADVERTISEMENTS: (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Essay # 2. Elements of Weather and Climate :

Weather refers to the sum total of the atmos­pheric conditions in terms of temperature, pressure, wind, moisture, cloudiness, precipitation and visibility of a particular place at any given time. In fact, weather denotes short-term variations of atmospheric condi­tions and it is highly variable.

On the other hand, climate is defined as aggregate weather conditions of any region in long-term perspective. According to Trewartha ‘climate represents a composite of day to day weather conditions, and of the atmospheric ele­ments, within a specified area over a long period of time.’ According to Critchfield ‘climate is more than a statistical average; it is the aggregate of atmospheric conditions involving heat, moisture, and air move­ment. Extremes must always be considered in any climatic description in addition to means, trends, and probabilities.’

According to Koeppen and De Long ‘climate is a summary, a composite of weather condi­tions over a long period of time; truly portrayed, it includes details of variations-extremes, frequencies, sequences-of the weather elements which occur from year to year, particularly in temperature and precipita­tion. Climate is the aggregate of the weather.’

G.F. Taylor has maintained that ‘climate is the integration of weather, and weather is the differentiation of cli­mate. The distinction between weather and climate is, therefore, mainly one of time.’ Temperature, pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness etc. are ele­ments of weather and climate.

ADVERTISEMENTS: (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Essay # 3. Importance of Weather and Climate :

Weather and climate are the most pervasive factors of crop environment.

Knowledge of agrometeorology is useful in several aspects of practical agriculture as indicated below:

1. It has practical utility in timing of agricultural operations so as to make the best use of favourable weather conditions and make adjustments for adverse weather.

2. The dangers of crop production due to pest and disease incidence, occurrence of prolonged drought, soil erosion, frost and weather hazards can be minimised.

3. Weather support also provides guidelines for long range or seasonal planning of crops and cultivars most suited to anticipated climatic conditions.

4. Agrometeorological information can be used in land use planning, risk analysis of climatic hazards, production and harvest forecasts and linking similar crop environments for crop adaptability and productivity.

Weather Elements :

Weather is a phase of climate representing atmospheric condition at a given place and at a given instant of time as against climate, representing atmospheric condition for longer period of time over a larger area.

Components of weather and climate or simply weather elements include:

a. Temperature.

b. Solar radiation.

c. Humidity.

e. Pressure.

g. Precipitation.

The influence of weather and climate on crop growth and development and final yield is complicated by complexity of interactions associated with crops and the environment during the crop season.

The influence of weather and climate on crop productivity can be summarised as indicated below:

Weather parameters with favourable influence :

1. Weather and climate are the important factors to determining the success or failure of agriculture.

2. All the agricultural operations from sowing to harvest of crops depend on the mercy of weather.

3. Climate determines suitability of a crop to a particular region while weather plays a major role in the productivity of a crop in the region.

4. The excess or shortage of elements of weather and climate exerts a negative influence on crop growth, development and final yield.

5. The effect of weather and climate is complex as elements of climate operate simultaneously in nature.

6. Due to complexity of environment in which a crop is grown, it is difficult to assign an, optimum value of a climatic element for maximum crop productivity.

Weather parameters with negative influence :

1. Excessive and untimely rains.

2. Scanty rains with prolonged dry spells.

3. Heat and cold waves.

4. Dust-storms, thunderstorms and hailstorms.

5. High winds.

Weather variables having both positive and negative effects on crop productivity :

1. Solar radiation (UV, light and infrared).

2. Temperature (air and soil).

3. Humidity,

5. Precipitation.

Essay # 4. Difference between Weather and Climate:

The differences between weather and climate are:

1. Pertains to the day-to-day state of the atmosphere at a particular place.

2. Refers to specific instant of time and place.

3. It is always changing and differs from time to time.

1. Pertains to the atmosphere over a given region,

2. Refers to a large region and for a long period of time.

3. It is more or less stable and differs from region to region.

Essay # 5. Factors Controlling Weather and Climate :

Geographical factors influencing weather and climate are referred to as climatic controls .

a. Latitude.

b. Altitude.

c. Land and water bodies.

d. Mountains.

e. Topography.

The distance from the equator (latitude), either from south or north, largely creates variation in climate. Based on latitude, the climate has been classified as tropical, subtropical, temperate and polar climates. The height from mean sea level (altitude/elevation) adds to variation in climate.

Temperature and pressure decreases with increasing height from mean sea level. Based on altitude, the climate is described as mountainous and valley/plateau climates. Nearness to large bodies of water also causes variation in climate. The climates are referred to as continental and maritime.

Instruments for Measuring Weather Parameters :

Different instruments are used for measuring weather parameters in observatories and laboratories. Depending on the level of accuracy required and the cost, instruments are used for recording the weather data.

Irrespective of whether it is an observatory or a lab. Table 2.1 gives a list or of instruments and weather parameter measured:

Essay # 6. Variation in Climate and Weather :

Climatic parameters are determined, primarily, by geographic factors such as:

1. Latitude.

2. Altitude.

3. Distance from large water bodies.

4. Ocean currents.

5. Intensity of wind.

All the above climatic parameters influence the wind. Three geographic factors—altitude, latitude and longitude are important for crop production. These are embodied in Hopkin Bioclimatic Law. It states that crop production activities (planting to harvest) and specific morphological developments are delayed by 4 days for each 1° latitude, 5° longitude and 12 m (40 ft) of altitude as one move northward and upward, respectively.

Intensity, velocity and direction of wind vary with three geographic factors leading to variation in climate and weather.

Geographic surface features such as large bodies of water and mountain ranges modify the wind characteristics and hence the meteorological parameters. A mountain range in the path of prevailing wind creates moist conditions on the windward side and dry conditions on the leeward side. Air cools adiabatically to the dew point as it rises up the mountains.

The air that is forced upward by the mountain range loses its moisture and becomes a dry mass when it goes over the top. This is called the orographic effect (relief effect), which is different from the usual rainfall without mountains. Topography influences weather and microclimate through variation in temperature and wind.

Water is normally warmer than the surrounding land. When wind blows over a large body of water, it picks up moisture, thus creating a more moderate leeward condition. The leeward side of the body of water is subjected to less temperature fluctuations (relatively stable weather) compared to windward side. Windward side is suitable for drought tolerant crops and leeward side to relatively drought sensitive crops. North facing and south facing slopes may differ in climate and natural vegetation. These sites differ in crops that can be grown.

World climate is not static but is subjected to changes caused by factors such as systematic changes in solar activity, sea level, atmospheric carbon dioxide and continental drift. Continental drift gradually changes the latitudinal position of the land masses and the sea level. Volcanic explosions discharge large amounts of dust and gases into the atmosphere. This may cause a decline in temperature (reverse of greenhouse effect).

Accumulation of greenhouse gases is responsible for global warming (gradual increasing trend in global average temperature largely due to greenhouse effect). In spite of technological advances in modern crop production, crop production is still subject to the vagaries of the weather that are manifested in three main ways— moisture stress, temperature stress and natural disasters.

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Student Essays

Essay on Weather [ Types, Importance in Life ]

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time. It includes temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness, visibility, and pressure. The following Essay on Weather talks about its meaning and concept, types and how weather is important for us.

Essay on Weather | Types of Weather | Weather vs Climate

Weather is one of the most important aspects of our lives. It can have a huge impact on our mood, our health, and even our ability to function properly during the day. That’s why it’s so important to understand the different types of weather and how they can affect us.

Types of Weather

There are four main types of weather: sunny, cloudy, rainy, and snowy. Each type of weather has its own set of benefits and drawbacks.

Sunny: Sunny weather is great for outdoor activities and spending time in the sun. However, it can also be very hot and dry, which can be dangerous for people with certain medical conditions.

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Cloudy: Cloudy weather is cooler than sunny weather, but it can also be more humid. This type of weather is good for people who don’t like the heat but don’t want to deal with the cold.

Rainy: Rainy weather is perfect for activities that involve water, such as swimming or fishing. However, it can also be very muddy and wet, which can make it difficult to get around.

Snowy: Snowy weather is great for winter activities like skiing and sledding. However, it can also be very cold and dangerous for people who are not used to the cold weather.

Weather vs Climate:

Weather is the day-to-day condition of the atmosphere in a particular place, while climate is the average weather conditions in that place over a long period of time. Climate varies from place to place around the world. The climate in a tropical rainforest is very different from the climate in a desert.

Importance of Climate

Climate is important because it determines the types of plants and animals that can live in a particular place. For example, tropical rainforests have a very different climate from deserts. This means that different types of plants and animals can live in each environment.

Changes in Climate:

Climate change is a long-term shift in the average conditions of the atmosphere over a large area. Climate change could refer to a particular location or the planet as a whole. Climate change has been happening for millions of years, but it is only recently that humans have begun to impact the climate on a global scale.

Steps that we can take to Promote Healthy Weather

There are many things we can do to help promote healthy weather. Some of these steps include:

1. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions by using less energy and switching to renewable sources of energy 2. Protecting and restoring forests, which play a vital role in regulating the climate 3. Improving agricultural practices to reduce methane emissions from livestock 4. Conserving water to reduce the amount of energy needed to pump and treat it

Weather is an important part of our lives and can have a big impact on our mood, health, and ability to function properly. There are four main types of weather: sunny, cloudy, rainy, and snowy. Each type of weather has its own set of benefits and drawbacks. Climate is important because it determines the types of plants and animals that can live in a particular place.

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Climate change is a long-term shift in the average conditions of the atmosphere over a large area. There are many things we can do to help promote healthy weather, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, protecting and restoring forests, and improving agricultural practices.

Short Essay on Weather For Students:

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place. It includes various elements such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, and air pressure. Weather plays an important role in our daily lives as it affects our activities and influences our mood.

Importance of Weather

Weather has a significant impact on human life. It affects agriculture, transportation, tourism, health, and even the economy. Farmers rely on weather conditions for their crops to grow while tourists plan their trips based on favorable weather conditions. Weather also has an effect on mental health as certain weather patterns can lead to seasonal affective disorder (SAD).

Factors Affecting Weather

The main factors that influence the weather are latitude, altitude, topography, and global air circulation patterns. Latitude determines the amount of sunlight received, while altitude affects temperature and precipitation. The shape of the land and presence of water bodies can also affect weather patterns.

Weather conditions can vary greatly depending on geographical location and time of year. Some common types of weather include sunny, cloudy, rainy, snowy, windy, hot, cold, and humid.

Sunny Weather

Sunny weather is characterized by clear skies with abundant sunshine. It usually occurs when high pressure systems dominate the area.

Cloudy Weather

Cloudy weather refers to a condition where the sky is covered with clouds blocking out the sun’s rays. This type of weather often occurs during low-pressure systems.

Rainy Weather

Rainy weather is characterized by precipitation in the form of rain. It can be caused by warm air rising and condensing into water droplets, which then fall to the ground.

Snowy Weather

Snowy weather occurs when temperatures are low enough for precipitation to freeze and fall as snow. This type of weather often brings hazardous driving conditions and can lead to school or work closures.

Windy Weather

Windy weather refers to a condition where there is a strong movement of air. It can be caused by differences in air pressure between two areas or by geographical features such as mountains.

Hot Weather

Hot weather is characterized by high temperatures and humidity levels. It can cause heat-related illnesses such as heatstroke and dehydration if precautions are not taken.

Cold Weather

Cold weather is characterized by low temperatures and can bring about freezing conditions, which can be dangerous for both humans and animals.

Humid Weather

Humid weather refers to a condition where there is a high level of water vapor in the air. It can make hot or cold temperatures feel even more extreme and uncomfortable.

Weather affects our lives in many ways, from influencing our daily activities to shaping our emotions. Understanding the different types of weather and the factors that influence them can help us better prepare for any changes in the forecast. As we continue to face the impacts of climate change, it becomes even more important to pay attention to the weather and take necessary precautions to protect ourselves and our environment.

How do you write a weather essay?

A weather essay typically begins with an introduction about the significance of weather, followed by a description of different weather phenomena, their impact on daily life, and any relevant data or statistics. It should also include personal observations or experiences related to weather and conclude with a summary or reflection.

What is weather in 100 words?

Weather refers to the atmospheric conditions in a specific place and time. It encompasses elements such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, and precipitation. Weather can change rapidly and has a profound impact on daily life, agriculture, transportation, and various industries.

It is observed and forecasted by meteorologists using tools like weather stations, satellites, and computer models. Understanding and predicting weather is essential for planning outdoor activities, preparing for extreme conditions, and mitigating the effects of severe weather events like storms, hurricanes, and droughts.

What is weather in short notes?

Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere in a particular place at a specific time. It includes elements like temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, cloud cover, and precipitation. Weather conditions can vary from day to day and even within hours.

Meteorologists study and forecast weather using various instruments and technology to provide information for planning activities, predicting severe weather events, and understanding climate patterns over time.

How do you start a weather paragraph?

A weather paragraph can begin by describing the current weather conditions in a specific location or by introducing the topic of weather in a broader sense. You can use attention-grabbing phrases or statistics to engage the reader’s interest.

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