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Conjunctions
A BRIEF EXPLANATION OF CONJUNCTIONS
A conjunction is a word that links words, phrases, or clauses. There are three types of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, and subordinating conjunctions. Coordinating conjunctions may join single words, or they may join groups of words, but they must always join similar elements: e.g. subject+subject, verb phrase+verb phrase, sentence+sentence.
When a coordinating conjunction is used to join elements, the element becomes a compound element.
Correlative conjunctions also connect sentence elements of the same kind: however, unlike coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions are always used in pairs.
Subordinating conjunctions, the largest class of conjunctions, connect subordinate clauses to a main clause. These conjunctions are adverbs used as conjunctions.
The following tables show examples of the various types of conjunctions and some sample sentences using the conjunctions. Since coordinating conjunctions and correlative conjunctions are closed sets of words, all are included in the list. Subordinating conjunctions are a larger class of words; therefore, only a few of the more common ones are included in this list.
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
An easy way to remember these six conjunctions is to think of the word FANBOYS. Each of the letters in this somewhat unlikely word is the first letter of one of the coordinating conjunctions. Remember, when using a conjunction to join two sentences, use a comma before the conjunction.
Examples and Sentences – Coordinating Conjunctions
CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS
Remember, correlative conjunctions are always used in pairs. They join similar elements. When joining singular and plural subjects, the subject closest to the verb determines whether the verb is singular or plural.
Examples and Sentences – Correlative Conjunctions
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Subordinating conjunctions, (subordinators) are most important in creating subordinating clauses or dependent clauses. These adverbs that act like conjunctions are placed at the front of the clause. The dependent clause can come either before or after the main clause. Subordinators are usually a single word, but there are also a number of multi-word subordinators that function like a single subordinating conjunction. They can be classified according to their use in regard to time, cause and effect, opposition, or condition. Remember, put a comma at the end of the dependent phrase when it comes before the main clause.
Examples and Sentences – Subordinating Conjunctions
Leading Expressions
How to Use Sentence Starter?
The most important tip to quickly improve your writing is to follow one rule:
Start every sentence in a paragraph with a different word. How? Here is my step-by-step guide:
Use the transition list as you write: Think about how the sentences in your paragraph relate to one another. Are you comparing and contrasting two ideas? Use “Showing Contrast” transition words below. Are you writing about steps in a process? Then use the “Adding to an Idea” transition words below. When writing about something that happened, use the “Sequence/Time” transitions I’ve provided.
Using the transition list while you are revising: Sometimes, it is easier not to worry about these words until your final draft stage, especially if you are a beginning writer. How do you do this? Use the following tips:
Go through your first draft and circle the first word in every sentence.
If you use the same word to start a sentence twice in a paragraph, then you need to choose another transition word and re-word the sentence.
Choosing the Right Word
How can you choose the right word for each sentence? What makes using transitions improve your writing is that it forces you to explain the connections between your ideas. Ask yourself:
What does the sentence before this one say?
How does this sentence relate to that one?
Scan the list for a transition that seems to fit best. You can also use these questions for help:
Does this sentence add information? Use: moreover, furthermore, additionally, not only…but also, or another addition transition.
Does the sentence contrast or contradict? Use: however, on the other hand, in contrast, yet, conversely, or another contrasting transition.
Are you writing something that happens in order? Use: next, then, in fact, similarly, or a time word like first, second, third, and finally.
Does this sentence add evidence? Use: for example, consequently, for this reason, or another adding transition.
Does the sentence emphasize an idea? Use: obviously, especially, as a rule, particularly, or another emphasizing transition.
Does the sentence start your conclusion: Use: finally, in conclusion, in sum, obviously, or another concluding transition.
Tips to Remember
1. Use a variety of transition words, not the same ones.
2. Put a comma after the transition word.
3. Put the subject of the sentence after the comma.
Transition Word List
2. Use a Variety of Words When Citing Examples
Easy Ways to Improve Your Essay
3. Use Different Words to Order Events and Sequence Time
4. Use Interesting Words When Summarizing
Examples of Using Transition Words
Without transition words:
Cell phones have changed our family communication for the worse. Parents complain about their teenagers spending too much time on their phones. Teenagers are annoyed that they can’t get the attention of their parents, who are always working or shopping on their phones. We need to make some changes.
Adding transition words:
Generally speaking, cell phones have changed our family communication for the worse. Obviously, parents complain about their teenagers spending too much time on their phones. Moreover, teenagers are annoyed that they can’t get the attention of their parents, who are always working or shopping on their phones. Unquestionably, we need to make some changes.
Without transition words
Liz went to the store to get some groceries. She ran into her roommate Joy in the produce section. They argued about whether they were out of blueberries and what they should buy for dinner. Joy insisted that she was better at choosing ripe avocados. Liz retorted that Joy didn’t know how to make guacamole correctly and that she was tired of Mexican food every night. They bickered for five minutes. Joy’s phone rang. It was their friend Mark inviting them over to his house for dinner. Listening, Liz smiled and nodded. Joy laughed and told him, “We are on our way!”
With transition words
After work, Liz went to the store to get some groceries. In the produce section, she ran into her roommate Joy. First of all, they argued about whether they were out of blueberries, and secondly what they should buy for dinner. Next, Joy insisted that she was better at choosing ripe avocados. Simultaneously, Liz retorted that Joy didn’t know how to make guacamole correctly and that she was tired of Mexican food every night. Subsequently, they bickered for five minutes. Finally, Joy’s phone rang. Luckily, it was their friend Mark inviting them over to his house for dinner. Listening, Liz smiled and nodded. Consequently, Joy laughed and told him, “We are on our way!”
Definitive Pronouns
That vs. Which ‘That’ is used as part of a clause that is restrictive, meaning that the clause is essential to the sentence and without it the meaning of the rest of the sentence would be different. ‘Which’ is used as part of a clause that may add extra information or a shade of meaning, but is not required in the same way. Fill in the blank with the best word: that or which.
1. The last movie _____ we went to see was ‘The Box Trolls’.
2. I wrote down everything important in my notebook, _____ is blue and wide-ruled.
3. This computer, _____ Mom got me last Christmas, has the horsepower to play the latest online games.
4. The table _____ the peace treaty was signed on is now in the Smithsonian.
5. The truck _____ we saw driving dangerously had California license plates.
6. I finally found my blue pen, _____ had been lost seemingly forever.
7. Typing, _____ is not formally taught in schools anymore, is still essential in certain professions.
8. There are traditionally seven colors _____ make up a rainbow.
9. On the wall, I keep the racket _____ I used to win the school’s tennis tournament.
10. That silly cartoon tie, _____ I got a few Father’s Days ago, was a hit at my presentation!
Mastering ielts listening: strategies and practice tips, ielts writing task 1 – second language, vocabulary for ielts: words, meanings and examples, 6 responses to “ielts band 9 – linking words (connectives)”.
I have got no words to THANK YOU ,such a marvellous work.A thousand Thanks for this great work, i became clearer with the difference between which and that after going through this class.Thank you the team.
Awesome! Happy to help Mounika, keep up the good studies.
Amazing help, thanks a lot. Seriously, you are the best teacher in the whole galaxy.
It is very helpful!!!!!!!!!!! Thank You!!!!!!!!!
Thanks a lot! This is very helpful.
Its really helpful thank you AE help
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What to use connectives for: When you're writing an essay or assignment there are plenty of tasks you need to achieve: presenting evidence, making arguments and more. Happily, connectives can help you achieve all these tasks by clarifying your meaning. You can use connectives for: Reinforcing or emphasising a point; Exemplifying and showing ...
Connectives connect and relate sentences and paragraphs. They assist in the logical flow of ideas as they signal the relationship between sentences and paragraphs. In prose, the material is supported and conditioned not only by the ordering of the material (its position) but by connectives which signal order, relationship and movement.
Linking words and phrases are connectors or transitional phrases. They are also part of formal language, so you'll find them in academic writing, opinion writing, critical essays, dialectic essays, journalism, and business documents. Some linking verbs link clauses within a sentence, such as although, in case, and whatever.
Academic writing usually deals with complex ideas. To enable the reader to follow your thoughts, they need to be clearly and smoothly linked. To join ideas and sentences, we use a number of connecting words and phrases. ... Have I used similar connectives repeatedly? If yes, try to vary them using the above list. Strategies to improve cohesion.
Using a paraphrasing tool for clear writing. With the use of certain tools, you can make your writing clear. One of these tools is a paraphrasing tool. One thing the tool does is help your sentences make more sense. It has different modes where it checks how your text can be improved. For example, automatically adding transition words where needed.
Linking/Transition Words. Transitions link one main idea to another separated by a semi-colon or full-stop. When the transition word is at the beginning of the sentence, it should be followed by a comma: Among other functions, they can signal cause and effect or sequencing (see examples in the table below). Additional comments or ideas.
English connectors are little words and phrases that help you connect sentences, paragraphs and ideas. Used both in spoken and written English, they help make your English sound more logical and structured. You can think of connectors as like the thread that holds a necklace's beads (i.e. sentences, paragraphs and ideas) together.
Skills booklet Tertiary Essay Writing. Connectives used in and between sentences Connectives allow us to be more precise about the relationships between statements in a sentence or between sentences. Particular phrases and words serve different functions in connecting ideas and arguments. ...
Writing clearly and structuring your assignments can help make your work clearer and improve your grades. Writing clearly involves using good sentence structure and using connectives to link your ideas. Using connectives properly makes your work easy to read and understand, but using them unnecessarily can confuse readers.
Whether you are writing an essay, a report, or even a simple email, knowing how to use connectives effectively can greatly enhance the clarity and flow of your writing. ... Connectives are essential tools for effective communication in writing. By using connectives correctly, writers can create clear and coherent sentences that guide readers ...
Linker words, also known as sentence connectors, play a crucial role in connecting phrases, sentences, and paragraphs for enhanced coherence in writing. In terms of contrast, words like "however," "in contrast," and "nevertheless" emphasize opposing ideas.
Transition words and phrases are essential tools for improving your writing style and coherence. They help you connect ideas, sentences, and paragraphs smoothly and logically. In this guide, you will learn how to use transition words and phrases with examples from Grammarly. Whether you want to start a new paragraph, introduce a contrast, or conclude your essay, you will find the right ...
WRITING TEAM Texas A&M International University Dr. Billy F. Cowart Hall 203 956.326.2884 academicsupport@tamiu.edu ES Transitions and Connectives Words or phrases used to create logical links between sentences, paragraphs, and sections of a paper. These may help create sentence variety in essays, short answer questions, and more. To introduce:
50 linking words to use in academic writing. academic writing. linkers. essay writing. thesis. ESL. English. It's very common for students to use long words they don't understand very well in their essays and theses because they have a certain idea of what academic writing should be.
Learn how to connect ideas in your writing, join sentences and paragraphs to make writing easier to follow, and use connectives to compare and contrast with this guide for KS3 English students ...
might use when connecting ideas in writing. For more information on other writing skills, see the Academic Skills booklet Tertiary Essay Writing. Connectives used in and between sentences Connectives allow us to be more precise about the relationships between statements in a sentence or between sentences. Particular phrases and words serve
Connectives are words used in writing and speaking to link sentences and ideas to achieve an understanding of what the writer or the author is trying to convey. ... reviews, essays, analyses, slides, or e-books. Milena Lazova. I'm an ESL teacher with over 7 years of experience in providing original content. I really like writing educational ...
Essay connectors are words or phrases used to show the logical relationship between the points. They help to achieve an essay flow - preventing the essay from appearing as a loose collection of points, among which the reader 'jumps about' randomly. An article without essay connectives may lead to a disconnect of the reader from what the ...
In this section, we present and briefly discuss two students' essays that represent different levels of writing quality and related differential use of connectives. Essay 1 received a writing quality score of 3, whereas Essay 2 was scored at the higher end with a writing quality score of 5.5.
Linking Words and Phrases: connectives in essays. Subject: English. Age range: 14-16. Resource type: Worksheet/Activity. File previews. doc, 29 KB. A resourse that is aimed at helping pupils structure their essay correctly. It provides lists of connectives that students can use to provide structure, sum up, compare or contrast, persuade or ...
Conjunctions (aka connectives, e.g. and, but, or, so, then) Conjunctions for essay writing. ashleyyy
IELTS Band 9 - Linking Words (Connectives) September 3, 2020. join our Premium IELTS Package, use code R4TYJ for a 20% discount ... The most important tip to quickly improve your writing is to follow one rule: Start every sentence in a paragraph with a different word. How? ... Easy Ways to Improve Your Essay. 3. Use Different Words to Order ...
This, in turn, will make their writing more refined and confident. Our Essay Connectives Word Mat gives your students the opportunity to mix and match with different conjunctions and see how each one creates a different tone or nuance. By doing so, your students will have a greater vocabulary to draw from in their writing.