

Chapter 1(Research Description) Capstone Project Guidelines and Sample
Chapter 1 research description.
– serves as the engine that drives all the rest of the documents. Once a word or phrase is substantiated, use the exact word or phrase throughout the thesis or capstone project.
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Hello po good evening ask lang po sana ng tulong kong anung Thesis Proposal para sa katulad kong student. Salmat po,.
Sir any info po about sa Theory of the study need ko lng po ng deeper info po
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Project Context - Explained
What is project context.

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Updated at March 29th, 2022
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Table of Contents
Context is the environment in which the project is taking place. The core aspects of context are the scope, setting, phase, decision-making processes, and stakeholders.
- Physical Environment - Where the project is physically located and those characteristics. (This includes facilities and transportation).
- Social Environment - The stakeholders and the general community (all relevant demographics) in which the project will be carried out.
- Economic Environment - What is the effect of the presents, supply, demand, and exchange or resources within the project area.
- Cultural characteristics - What are the relevant characteristics of culture within the project area?
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Chapter I INTRODUCTION Project Context

Technology is an essential part of our lives today and few cannot imagine living without it. Nowadays people are using a smart phone for their everyday lives. An android phone that has a many applications or games that installed to it. Game is one of it. Games have the particularity that you do not need to do it, but for fun, you try to overcome some obstacles. So playing games would be a voluntary effort to overcome unnecessary obstacles. In game fun is very important. In the Philippine, due to limited resources of toys of the Filipino children, they usually come up on inventing games without the need of anything but the players themselves. With the flexibility of a real human to think and act makes the game more interesting and challenging. Because it is tradition for Filipinos to play in a bigger and spacious area, most games are usually playing outside the house. But in modern generation, people especially children and young adults are starting to forget and set aside Pinoy games (like sipa) So we propose an android game entitled " hopscotch " for some entertainment and challenge. This will enhance the hand and the eye coordination of users as well as improve their response to instinct, calculation and timing.
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CAPSTONE PROJECT: Parts of a Capstone Project
- Parts of a Capstone Project
- Voice in the Capstone Project
- Analysis of Qualitative Data
What a Table of Contents Could Contain
I Introduction A Statement Of Problem/Opportunity (Research Question) B Background, Context, And Significance Of Study C Project Researcher Identification II Literature Review A Subheadings (Themes Discovered In Review) B Notice Of Gaps In Knowledge III Methods A Subjects/Participants B Data Collection Approaches/Strategies 1 Advantage Of Strategy 2 Limitation Of Strategy 3 Potential Risk 4 Ethical Issues About Collection Upon The Subjects/Participants C Data Analysis Approaches And/Or Software (NOT The Results Themselves, Just How You Are Going To Analyze The Data – Coding Method, Analysis Of Interviews/Recordings, Mathematics And Stats Analysis) IV Results, Findings, Interpretation, And Discussion V Recommendations, Application, And Conclusion VI Reference Pages
What Goes Into Each Section
- Next: Voice in the Capstone Project >>
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Research Components
17 Capstone Components and Products
Capstone components and products.
The capstone is a distinctive type of research project. The capstone focuses on a localized educational problem, whereas the thesis and dissertation focus on a problem in a broader educational context. The capstone project uses the findings to build a product that can be applied to the local educational context where the research was conducted. Normally, the findings of the thesis or dissertation are generalizable across educational settings.
The capstone project has many components that are the same as the thesis and dissertation. However, several components are unique to the capstone. These unique components support the development of the capstone product. The product is designed to address the problem being researched. Product examples include professional development presentations; teacher’s toolkit; faculty handbook; training videos; leadership manual, new institutional policies, etc.
The guidelines for the capstone components are specific to the degree program and will vary. Some capstone projects have a structure similar to a thesis or dissertation. While others are considerably different in organizational structure and have additional components. The following headings are generally included in most capstone projects.
Needs Assessment
The Needs Assessment heading explains how the empirical evidence obtained supports the development of the capstone product. The heading functions the same as both the Methodology and Data Interpretation and Findings headings. The heading occurs in Chapter 2 of the capstone project document because it details the methodology and presents the results and interpretations from a needs assessment conducted early in the project.
A needs assessment is conducted to determine what is “needed” to solve the problem. The needs assessment involves active research to collect and analyze data to answer the guiding questions. For example, a survey of specific strategies teachers desire can provide important information for creating a professional development series. The writing explains the applied research methodology used in the needs assessment, the findings, and the conclusions. The findings of the needs assessment are the empirical evidence used to support the design of the product. The Needs Assessment and the Literature Review are used to support the significance of the capstone project.
Essential Elements and Outcomes
The Essential Elements and Outcomes heading is found in Chapter 3 of the capstone project. It functions as an overview of the product. The writing explains the elements that must be included in the product. The essential elements are determined from both the needs assessment findings and findings presented in the Literature Review from Chapter 2. The writing also explains why the essential elements effectively address the problem.
The outcomes of the product are also detailed in the heading. The outcomes specify what is achieved by implementing the product. Outcomes are observable results or changes that provide a solution to the problem. The writing explains how the outcomes fulfill the purpose of the capstone project. The outcomes also guide the evaluation methods used to measure the success of the implemented product.
Product Development
The Product Development heading delineates the specific steps used in developing the product. The writing identifies who is involved in the process, what and how each step is carried out, and the timeline for completion. The heading also describes the resources needed to complete each step of the plan. A chart may or may not be used to convey the basic information.
The Product Development heading explains how the steps of the development process are supported by specific empirical evidence from Chapter 2 of the capstone project. The writing references the findings of the Needs Assessment and explains how the product addresses those needs. Additionally, an argument is presented for how the product is structured to meet the essential elements and to reach the intended outcomes of the product.
Implementation Strategy
The Implementation Strategy heading discusses how the product development plan is executed in the local educational context. The writing explains the specific leadership strategies necessary to implement the product in this context. Effective communication, developing buy-in, facilitating collaboration, modeling, etc. are examples of leadership strategies. The heading explains how these implementation strategies are employed to ensure the success of the product when implemented. The focus is on techniques the author uses to lead the execution of the product plan.

Evaluation Methods
The Evaluation Methods heading details the measures used to determine the success or effectiveness of the product when implemented. This heading reads similar to the Methodology heading. The quantitative or qualitative measures are discussed in detail. The goal and function of each measure are explained in relation to the intended outcomes of the product. For example, if the product was a professional development series designed to improve the teaching and learning of X content, then the evaluation methods might include observations of teaching and student exam scores on X content. The writing communicates how the reader will know the product worked as intended.
Limitations and Barriers
The Limitations and Barriers heading details the potential challenges in the local context that affect the implementation of the product. Limitations are specific hurdles or complications that hinder the successful implementation of the product. Limitations may be large obstacles or small but are within the control of the author. For example, times available to deliver the product of professional development training may be a limitation, however, the author can work within the local context to find times that do not hinder the success of the training.
The heading also presents the barriers to implementing the product in the local context. Barriers are obstacles outside the control of the author that hinder the successful implementation of the product. For example, an institutional policy that requires professional development training sessions to be voluntary may be a barrier to having enough participants for a training session product. The writing in the heading explains both the potential limitations and barriers and how the implementation strategies or the product plan are designed in ways to avoid these.
Graduate Research in Education: Learning the Research Story by Kimberly Chappell and Greg I. Voykhansky is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License , except where otherwise noted.
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Writing Chapters 1, 2, 3 of the Capstone Project Proposal Manuscript

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- 1. Writing Chapters 1, 2, and 3 of the Research Proposal Presented by: Sheryl B. Satorre
- 2. What makes a GOOD research proposal? <ul><li>Relevance, either to the work of the funding body or to the student’s course. </li></ul><ul><li>The research is unique, or offers new insight or development. </li></ul><ul><li>The title, aims and objectives are all clear and succinct. </li></ul><ul><li>Comprehensive and thorough background research and literature review has been undertaken. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 3. <ul><li>There is a good match between the issues to be addressed and the approach being adopted. </li></ul><ul><li>The researcher demonstrates relevant background knowledge and/or experience. </li></ul><ul><li>Timetable, resources and budget have all been worked out thoroughly, with most eventualities covered. </li></ul><ul><li>Useful policy and practice implications. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 4. Reasons Why Research Proposals FAIL <ul><li>Aims and objectives are unclear or vague. </li></ul><ul><li>There is a mismatch between the approach being adopted and the issues to be addressed. </li></ul><ul><li>The overall plan is too ambitious and difficult to achieve in the timescale. </li></ul><ul><li>The researcher does not seem to have conducted enough in-depth background research. </li></ul><ul><li>Problem is of insufficient importance. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 5. <ul><li>Information about the data collection is insufficiently detailed. </li></ul><ul><li>Information about the data analysis method is insufficiently detailed. </li></ul><ul><li>Timescale is inappropriate or unrealistic. </li></ul><ul><li>Resources and budget have not been carefully thought out. </li></ul><ul><li>This topic has been done too many times before – indicates a lack in background research. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 6. PROBLEM <ul><li>any significant, perplexing and challenging situation, real or artificial, the solution of which requires reflective thinking </li></ul><ul><li>a perplexing situation after it has been translated into a question or series of questions that help the direction of subsequent inquiry </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 7. Elements of a Research Problem <ul><li>Aim or purpose of the problem for investigation. This answers the question “Why?” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Why is there an investigation, inquiry or study? </li></ul></ul><ul><li>The subject matter or topic to be investigated. This answers the question “What?” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>What is to be investigated or studied? </li></ul></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 8. <ul><li>The place or locale where the research is to be conducted. This answers the question “Where?” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Where is the study to be conducted? </li></ul></ul><ul><li>The period or time of the study during which the data are to be gathered. This answers the question “When?” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>When is the study to be carried out? </li></ul></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 9. <ul><li>Population or universe from whom the data are to be collected. This answers the question “Who?” “From whom?” </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Who are the respondents? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>From whom are the data to be gathered? </li></ul></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 10. Characteristics of a Research Problem 01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre Specific Achievable Realistic Time-bound Measurable
- 11. <ul><li>Specific: The problem should be specifically stated. </li></ul><ul><li>Measurable: It is easy to measure by using research instruments, apparatus, or equipment. </li></ul><ul><li>Achievable: Solutions to a research problem are achievable or feasible. </li></ul><ul><li>Realistic: Real results are attained because they are gathered scientifically and not manipulated or maneuvered. </li></ul><ul><li>Time-bound: Time frame is required in every activity because the shorter completion of the activity, the better. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 12. Sources of Research Problem <ul><li>Specialization of the researcher </li></ul><ul><li>Current and Past Researches </li></ul><ul><li>Recommendations from theses, dissertations, and research journals </li></ul><ul><li>Original and creative ideas of the researcher based on the problems met in the locality and country </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 13. Criteria of a Good Research Problem <ul><li>Interesting </li></ul><ul><li>Innovative </li></ul><ul><li>Cost-effective </li></ul><ul><li>Relevant to the needs and problems of the people </li></ul><ul><li>Relevant to government’s thrusts </li></ul><ul><li>Measurable and time-bound </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 14. Guidelines in Writing the Research Title <ul><li>Research Title must be reflective of its problem. </li></ul><ul><li>It must answer the following questions: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>What question will answer the following </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>What are you trying to investigate? </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>What are you trying to find out, determine or discover? </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Who question will answer who are the respondents or subjects of the study. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Where question will indicate the research locale, setting or the place where the research study is conducted. </li></ul></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 15. Components of a Capstone Project Proposal Manuscript <ul><li>Chapter I – Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>Chapter II – Review of Related Literature </li></ul><ul><li>Chapter III – Technical Background </li></ul><ul><li>Chapter IV – Methodology </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 16. Chapter I - Introduction <ul><li>Project Context </li></ul><ul><li>Purpose and Description of the Project </li></ul><ul><li>Objectives of the Project </li></ul><ul><li>Scope and Limitations of the Project </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 17. Project Context <ul><li>(must be at least 2 pages of presentation and discussions of…) </li></ul><ul><li>The proponent should introduce the presentation of the problem, that is, what is the problem is all about. The proponent should describe the existing and prevailing problem situation based on his or her experience. This scope may be global, national, or regional and local. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 18. <ul><li>The proponent should give strong justification for selecting such research problem in his/her capacity as a researcher. Being part of the organization or systems and the desire and concern to improve the systems. </li></ul><ul><li>The researcher state a sentence or two that would show the link and relationship of the rationale of the study to the proposed research problem. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 19. Purpose and Description of the Project <ul><li>What is the function of your project? </li></ul><ul><li>What is good in your project? </li></ul><ul><li>What makes your project unique, innovative, and relevant? </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 20. Guidelines in Formulating the Objectives of the Project: <ul><li>Start with the General Objective which is very parallel to the project title. </li></ul><ul><li>Explode the general objective into Specific Objectives that will help realize the proposed study. </li></ul><ul><li>Objectives should be SMART </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 21. Scope and Limitations of the Project <ul><li>Think the project scope as a box . High-level scope defines the sides of the box and separates what is relevant to your project from what is irrelevant. </li></ul><ul><li>The scope refers to the work that needs to be accomplished to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions. </li></ul><ul><li>The scope explains the nature, coverage, and time frame of the study </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 22. <ul><li>The limitation , on the other hand, explains all that are NOT included in your project. </li></ul><ul><li>In other words, the scope of the project gives an overview all the deliverables (i.e. the things that your project gives/delivers) , and the tools and technologies used that will be used in the project development while the limitations of the project are the boundaries of the project (i.e. areas/things that are out of scope) . </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 23. Chapter II – Review of Related Literature 01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre A survey or review of related literature and studies is very important because such reviews literature and studies serve as a foundation of the proposed study. This is because related literature and studies guide the researcher in pursuing his research venture.
- 24. The following are the different ways on how the review of related literature and studies help as a guide to the researcher: <ul><li>They help or guide the researcher in searching for or selecting a better research problem or topic. </li></ul><ul><li>They help the investigator understand his topic for research better. </li></ul><ul><li>They ensure that there will be no duplication of other studies. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 25. <ul><li>They help and guide the researcher in locating more sources of related information. </li></ul><ul><li>They help the researcher in making his research design. </li></ul><ul><li>They help and guide the researcher in making comparison between his findings with the findings of other researchers on similar studies with the end in view of formulating generalizations or principles which are the contributions of the study to the fund of knowledge. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 26. Characteristics of Related Literature and Studies <ul><li>The surveyed materials must be as recent as possible. </li></ul><ul><li>Materials reviewed must be objective and unbiased. </li></ul><ul><li>Materials surveyed must be relevant to the study. </li></ul><ul><li>Surveyed materials must have been based upon genuinely original and true facts or data to make them valid and reliable. </li></ul><ul><li>Reviewed materials must not be too few or too many. </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 27. Sources of Related Literature and Studies <ul><li>Books, encyclopedias, almanacs, and other similar references </li></ul><ul><li>Articles published in journals, magazines, periodicals, newspapers, and other publications. </li></ul><ul><li>Manuscripts, monographs, memoirs, speeches, letters, and diaries </li></ul><ul><li>Unpublished theses and dissertations </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 28. <ul><li>The Constitution, and laws and statues of the land </li></ul><ul><li>Bulletins, circulars, and orders emanating from government offices and departments, especially from the Office of the President of the Philippines and the Department of Education </li></ul><ul><li>Records of schools, public and private, especially reports of their activities </li></ul><ul><li>Official reports of all kinds, educational, social, economic, scientific, technological, political, etc. from the government and other entities </li></ul><ul><li>Articles from the Internet </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 29. Where to locate related literature and studies? <ul><li>Libraries, either government, school or private libraries </li></ul><ul><li>Government and private offices </li></ul><ul><li>The National Library </li></ul><ul><li>The Library of Education </li></ul><ul><li>The Internet </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 30. Review of Related Literature <ul><li>This portion of the proposal manuscript contains presentations and discussions of the following two (2) components: </li></ul><ul><li>Related Theories </li></ul><ul><li>Related Projects </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 31. Guidelines in Writing the Review of Related Systems <ul><li>Related Theories </li></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Outline first, starting off with an anchor theory </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Supporting theories help elaborate the anchor theory </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Endnoting and footnoting is important which follows correct bibliography entry </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Fluidity and continuity should be observed </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><li>Related Projects </li></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Overview of the current system/project </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Inventory of every related and existing projects/systems </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Fluidity and continuity should be observed </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Comparative matrix may be more appropriate </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Screen shots help make the presentation believable </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>May consider 3 to 6 related studies/projects </li></ul></ul></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 32. Chapter III – Technical Background <ul><li>Guidelines in Writing the Technical Background: </li></ul><ul><li>Overview of the current technologies (hardware/software/network) used in the current system </li></ul><ul><li>Discussions on the current trends and technologies to be used in developing and implementing the proposed system </li></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>HARDWARE </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>SOFTWARE </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>PEOPLEWARE </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>NETWORK </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><li>Fluidity and continuity should be observed </li></ul>01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
- 33. Thank you 01/07/12 Prepared by: SB Satorre
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fundsforNGOs - Grants and Resources for Sustainability
Grants and Resources for Sustainability

Writing the Project Context: A Sample Proposal on ‘Women’s Sustainable Livelihood Development’
The project context of any proposal not only gives an introduction to your project but it also builds up a justification process to help the donor agency convince as to why it is important to start this project and how can your organization resolve the ‘problem in question’ by implementing the proposed activities. In this sample proposal, you will see that the context and justification process has been broken up into 3 parts: ‘The Challenges ’, ‘The Opportunity’ and ‘Why Now?’ It is a wonderful way of drawing attention of the reader and also give enough reasons as to why you require this funding to implement the project.
The Challenges
Palestinians in the West Bank face significant economic challenges—mobility, access to capital, and access to markets and technical information. Israeli security measures, particularly the separation barrier, have put unprecedented burdens on Palestinians, 46 percent of whom are unemployed. For Palestinian women , the challenges are even greater… ( Full text is available in the downloadable version)
The Opportunity
Since 2005, ORG has helped Palestinian women increase their income through training in job skills, business management, and income diversification. During this time, ORG has developed a proven model for creating permanent jobs and income—based on business management training, small grants , and microfinance.
Through its West Bank School Feeding Program (2006-2010), ORG worked with 24 women’s associations across the West Bank to provide daily nutritionally fortified snacks for more than 50,000 schoolchildren in nearly 200 schools. ORG trained and mentored members of these associations to become both businesswomen and effective partners for children ’s nutrition, creating jobs for 2,000 women in the process.
During this process, ORG established very close relationships with women and women’s associations…( Full text is available in the downloadable version)
Timely action is important for two reasons. First, with the peace talks at an impasse, it is a critical time to help Palestinians find ways to survive. Our local partners want to move beyond the political impasse. ORG is ready to work with them at this juncture to build lasting solutions to poverty and hunger by securing financial freedom for Palestinians.
Second, the women ORG has trained have reached a point where independence is within reach; yet they need additional coaching to become self-sustaining… ( Full text is available in the downloadable version)
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The researcher must describe its prevailing issues based on his experience when introducing the research problem. · The most essential part of
Context is the environment in which the project is taking place. The core aspects of context are the scope, setting, phase, decision-making
Chapter I INTRODUCTION Project Context ... Methodology SDLC used (explain how you conducted your capstone project with this) ***Include here Research design
For today's video we will discuss to you how to write a Capstone Project Context Diagram and Description. This video will provide techniques
Capstone Project Design Elements. ○ Investigatea Challenging Problem or Question in an Authentic context. ○ DevelopIdeas or Solutions through Sustained
I Introduction A Statement Of Problem/Opportunity (Research Question) B Background, Context, And Significance Of Study C Project Researcher
The capstone project uses the findings to build a product that can be applied to the local educational context where the research was conducted.
Chapter I - IntroductionA.Project Context The proponent should introduce the presentation of the problem, that is, whatis the problem is all about.
Chapter I - Introduction <ul><li>Project Context </li>. Project Context <ul><li>(must be at least 2 pages of.
The project context of any proposal not only gives an introduction to your project but it also builds up a justification process to help the