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What is the Abbreviation for Assignment?

Home » Abbreviations Dictionary » What is the Abbreviation for Assignment?

How do you abbreviate assignment? There is one common way to abbreviate assignment .

For example,

• English asgmt.

The plural abbreviation of assignment is asgmts.

When to Use This Abbreviation

This abbreviation is used in classrooms, note taking, business, and any time space is of concern. You might abbreviate the word assignment to asgmt . on a homework list or see such abbreviations in note taking , headlines, or newspaper columns.

Outside of note taking or headlines, the word is not abbreviated in general prose.

What Does Assignment Mean?

• Eric had only two more pages of assigned reading but was too tired to follow the words in front of him and fell sound asleep in the arm chair.
• His assignment was to follow the waitress in order to train as a waiter.

The word assignment functions as a noun in the sentence.

Outside Examples of Assignment

• Real Estate heir Robert Durst has been assigned to an Indiana prison which has a medical unit, rather than the California prison requested because he faces a murder trial in Los Angeles, attorney Dick DeGuerin said Sunday. – New York Daily News

Summary: Assignment Abbreviation

There is one common abbreviation of assignment : asgmt. If you want to pluralize the abbreviation, simply add on an “s.”

List of all Windows 10 keyboard shortcuts: The ultimate guide

Windows 10 includes many keyboard shortcuts to make your experience around the desktop easier, and you can check them out here.

Windows 10 includes a long list of keyboard shortcuts you can use to quickly navigate and perform actions using one or multiple key combos, which otherwise would take many more clicks and time to complete the task with the mouse.

The system has many shortcuts, but you don't need to learn every shortcut on Windows 10 . You only need to remember those that can help you make your workflow easier.

In this how-to guide , I'll outline all the most helpful keyboard shortcuts to navigate and operate the desktop and apps. You can also check out these additional shortcuts you need to know for Windows 11.

Windows 10 keyboard shortcuts

This comprehensive list includes the most helpful keyboard shortcuts to perform tasks on Windows 10.

Essential shortcuts

In this list I'm including the most essential keyboard shortcuts you should know on Windows 10:

Desktop shortcuts

On Windows 10, you can use these keyboard shortcuts to open, close, navigate, and perform tasks more quickly throughout the desktop experience, including the Start menu, Taskbar, Settings, and more.

File Explorer shortcuts

These are the most useful keyboard shortcuts you can use on File Explorer:

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Settings page shortcuts

This list includes the keyboard shortcuts for the dialog box legacy settings pages (for example, Folder Options).

Command Prompt shortcuts

On Command Prompt, you can use these keyboard shortcuts will help to work a little more efficiently:

Microsoft Edge shortcuts

On Microsoft Edge, you will benefit from these keyboard shortcuts. These shortcuts apply to any version of Windows.

Windows key shortcuts

The "Windows key," combined with other keys, allows you to perform many useful tasks, such as launch Settings, File Explorer, Run command, apps pinned in the Taskbar, or open specific features like Narrator or Magnifier. You can also complete tasks like controlling windows and virtual desktops, taking screenshots, locking the computer, and more.

This list includes all the most common keyboard shortcuts using the Windows key.

More resources

For more helpful articles, coverage, and answers to common questions about Windows 10 and Windows 11, visit the following resources:

• Windows 11 on Windows Central — All you need to know
• Windows 10 on Windows Central — All you need to know

Mauro Huculak is technical writer for WindowsCentral.com. His primary focus is to write comprehensive how-tos to help users get the most out of Windows 10 and its many related technologies. He has an IT background with professional certifications from Microsoft, Cisco, and CompTIA, and he's a recognized member of the Microsoft MVP community.

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Customize keyboard shortcuts

You can customize keyboard shortcuts (or shortcut keys) by assigning them to a command, macro, font, style, or frequently used symbol. You can also remove keyboard shortcuts. You can assign or remove keyboard shortcuts by using a mouse or just the keyboard.

Use a mouse to assign or remove a keyboard shortcut

Go to File > Options > Customize Ribbon .

At the bottom of the Customize the Ribbon and keyboard shortcuts pane, select Customize .

In the Save changes in box, select the current document name or template that you want to save the keyboard shortcut changes in.

In the Categories box, select the category that contains the command or other item that you want to assign a keyboard shortcut to or remove a keyboard shortcut from.

In the Commands box, select the name of the command or other item that you want to assign a keyboard shortcut to or remove a keyboard shortcut from.

Any keyboard shortcuts that are currently assigned to that command or other item appear in the Current keys box, or below the box with the label Currently assigned to .

To assign a keyboard shortcut do the following:

Begin keyboard shortcuts with CTRL or a function key.

In the Press new shortcut key box, press the combination of keys that you want to assign. For example, press CTRL plus the key that you want to use.

Look at Current keys (or Currently assigned to ) to see whether the combination of keys is already assigned to a command or other item. If the combination is already assigned, type a different combination.

Important:  Reassigning a combination of keys means that you can no longer use the combination for its original purpose. For example, pressing CTRL+B changes selected text to bold. If you reassign CTRL+B to a new command or other item, you will not be able to make text bold by pressing CTRL+B unless you restore the keyboard shortcut assignments to their original settings by selecting Reset All at the bottom of the Customize Keyboard dialog box.

Select Assign .

Note:  If you use a programmable keyboard, the key combination CTRL+ALT+F8 might already be reserved for initiating keyboard programming.

Remove a keyboard shortcut

In the Current keys box, select the keyboard shortcut that you want to remove.

Select Remove .

Use just the keyboard to assign or remove a keyboard shortcut

Press ALT+F, T to open the Word Options dialog box.

Press DOWN ARROW to select Customize Ribbon .

Press the TAB key repeatedly until Customize is selected at the bottom of the dialog box, and then press ENTER.

In the Categories box, press DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW to select the category that contains the command or other item that you want to assign a keyboard shortcut to or remove a keyboard shortcut from.

Press the TAB key to move to the Commands box.

Press DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW to select the name of the command or other item that you want to assign a keyboard shortcut to or remove a keyboard shortcut from.

Any keyboard shortcuts that are currently assigned to that command or item appear in the Current keys box, or below the box with the label Currently assigned to .

Press the TAB key repeatedly until the cursor is in the Press new shortcut key box.

Press the combination of keys that you want to assign. For example, press CTRL plus the key that you want to use.

Press the TAB key repeatedly until the Save changes in box is selected.

Press DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW to highlight the current document name or template in which you want to save the keyboard shortcut changes, and then press ENTER.

Press the TAB key repeatedly until Assign is selected, and then press ENTER.

To remove a keyboard shortcut

Press the SHIFT+TAB key repeatedly until the cursor is in the Current keys box.

Press DOWN ARROW or UP ARROW to select the keyboard shortcut that you want to remove.

Press the TAB key repeatedly until Remove is selected, and then press ENTER.

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Top Contributors in Word: Stefan Blom  -  Charles Kenyon  -  Doug Robbins - MVP Office Apps & Services (Word)  -  Suzanne S. Barnhill  -  Bob Jones AKA: CyberTaz   ✅

March 11, 2024

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Assigning Keyboard Shortcuts in Microsoft Word 2007-2021 (365)

Scope: Word 2007 and later

Level: Beginner

Platforms: Windows PC or Mac (not mobile, browser, or IOS)

See also: Assign Keyboard Shortcuts by Suzanne Barnhill, MVP

Introduction:

One of the quickest ways of using things in Word is by using keyboard shortcuts to call up features. Instructions for the Mac and for moving/copying shortcuts are at the bottom, but please read the entire page.

Existing shortcuts

Before you start assigning keyboard shortcuts you can save yourself some work by seeing whether Word already has a shortcut for that function. Don't re-invent the wheel! You can add a shortcut for a function that already has one if you think your custom shortcut will be more useful.

In another article I discussed ways to generate a list of keyboard shortcuts .

Here is a Microsoft Support Page that lists many (but not all) of the keyboard shortcuts for Word available on multiple platforms. (Be sure to indicate your platform.)

In the process of trying to assign a shortcut, Word will tell you if there is already a shortcut assigned for that function. Even if there is, you can add your own.

I recommend against overwriting any of the built-in shortcuts in files that will be used by others. You can add your own, but other users may expect the built-in shortcut to perform in the standard way.

There are also legacy Access keys which do not show up in any of these lists. I will try to address those in a different article . Note that these shortcuts start with the Alt key and recently, rather than Alt+e, Alt+i, Alt+o, Alt+t, and Alt+v, require that the Alt key be pressed, released and then the trigger key be pressed (quickly). When you have pressed one, you will see a pop-up like the ones below, waiting for you to press the next [trigger] key.

The requirement that you first lift the Alt key is a relatively recent change that caught many users unaware. These shortcuts are legacy and are little documented.

You can also create and save your own

While Word has many keyboard shortcuts already built into the program, it is possible for a user to create and save their own keyboard shortcuts. This article is about how to do that.

The Microsoft Support Page on assigning shortcuts is here . It is Windows only and does not reach the depth of this article. Here is the only Support page I've found for the Mac but I do not know as much about Macs as Windows.

Things for which you can assign a Keyboard Shortcut:

Building Blocks (including AutoText) Mac as of this writing AutoText only

Fonts (I do not recommend this, but rather using Styles instead.)

Word Commands that appear on any Ribbon Tab

Word Commands that do not appear on any Ribbon Tab

Using a Prefix or Trigger in a Keyboard Shortcut to get more possible shortcuts

There are a large but finite number of possible keyboard Shortcuts and some require real finger dexterity. Users have fertile imaginations and can come up with more uses for shortcuts than there would seem available key combinations. This is especially true if you do not want to overwrite commonly used built-in shortcuts.

You cannot assign things to the basic keys, you need combine with the Ctrl (Cmd) and/or Alt (Opt) shift keys. If you want to change the base keys, you need to look into redefining your keyboard.

Word allows one key combination to be the starting point or prefix or trigger for multiple shortcuts. For instance, you might wish to assign shortcuts to items that are in Backstage (show up under File). Rather than use multiple primary keyboard shortcuts, you can use Ctrl+Shift+F as a prefix to be followed by another keystroke to actually call a feature.

Ctrl+Shift+F , C - Compatibility Checker

Ctrl+Shift+F , I - Document Inspector

Ctrl+Shift+F , O - File Open Using Backstage

In one of my personal files, I have five macros that type date stamps. The shortcuts all use the prefix Shift+Alt+D . Then followed by one of five letters.

(The shortcuts shown above are also available in my Date Stamp (Text) Shortcuts Add-In .)

The initial prefix can be a Function Key or a key combination (that can include a Function Key). That can be followed by any single keystroke which can be a function key. Here is another example of a shortcut prefix being assigned to symbols for card suits:

If you use a prefix, Word will display it in the Status Bar while waiting for the next key press. This will be for a short time during which time pressing the next key will give perform the shortcut. When the full Status Bar returns, the shortcut prefix has expired and is no longer active. Note that even though the key press was Shift+Alt+D, it shows up as Alt+Shift+D.

Prefixes can only be one level. That is, you press the prefix and then one more key. The second key press can include the Shift key, but not Ctrl or Alt.

Reserved Key Combinations

I recommend not using the Alt shift key with only one other key because they have been hijacked by the Ribbon shortcuts that appear when you press the Alt key (Word 2007 and later). They can work, but this is generally very confusing to the user because it depends on timing. The same shortcut can give two different results! I do use Shift+Alt+ and Ctrl+Alt+ and Shift+Ctrl+Alt shortcuts. When using those I press the other shift key first; this blocks the Ribbon shortcuts which do not use these keys. In the prefix examples given above I write the prefixes with the Alt key after another Shift key even though in the keyboard modification Window it may show the Alt key first.

The example with card suits above was to help someone who wanted shortcuts for symbols for the four card suits. The first thought was to combine Ctrl+Alt+Shift with each of the appropriate letters. However, it turns out that Word will not let you assign a the shortcut Ctrl+Alt+Shift+D. Another reserved Shortcut is the F1 key by itself. If you try to assign that, you get the support page on assigning keyboard shortcuts.

At this time, I do not have any sort of list of the reserved shortcuts. I just know that they exist. Be aware of that when you are setting up your shortcuts.

Where Should Shortcuts be Stored? Is this a question?

Actually, no, it should not be a question but the Normal Template may be the wrong place.

Keyboard shortcuts are stored in the Normal template by default. As a default, that is not bad, but we can do bette r.

General Suggestion - Store them somewhere other than in the Normal Template

In the normal template they are available in all your documents, but...

If you send a document or template that needs them to someone else, they will not have them.

If something happens to your normal template, your shortcuts are lost. If you do not think anything will happen to your normal template, search this community forum (Word) for "normal" or "normal.dotm" and see what you find.

If you want to share your shortcuts with a co-worker or friend they should not be in your normal template but in a separate Global Template .

If you move to a different computer it may be difficult to move your shortcuts. Again, a Global Template is best for this.

Exception for Shortcuts for things stored in a Template or Document

If the item to which you are assigning a shortcut exists in a particular template or document, the shortcut should be stored in the same template or document. Examples would be:

Macros If you store your shortcut in one template or document and the macro in another, the macro may not be available when you use the template.

Building Blocks / AutoText - Same thing - store the shortcut in the template that contains the building block

Styles - again, store the shortcut in the template that contains the style.

Finally! Method of Assigning Keyboard Shortcuts:

You hoped I would get around to this eventually.

Word 2010 and later

File > Options

Customize the Ribbon

Customize Keyboard (Button)

Choose the storage location for your customization (Either the normal template or the current document/template)

Choose what category it is you want to use the shortcut on (i.e. macros, styles)

Pick the specific macro, command, style, building block to which you will assign the shortcut

Click in the box for the new shortcut and press your shortcut combination. Look to see if already assigned.

Click on the Assign button.

Repeat 5-8 above as needed. Then Close the Customize Keyboard dialog and OK your way out of the Customize the Ribbon dialog.

If prompted, save changes to the template.

Instructions are as above except start with Customize or Modify the QAT to get to the Customize the Keyboard dialog.

Office Button > Word Options > Customize the QAT

Alternative Method: All Windows Versions - not recommended

You can use the keyboard shortcut to bring up the Assignment dialog for any command on the Ribbon or in a menu.

That shortcut is Ctrl + Alt + " + " on the Numeric Keypad .

Then click on the command you want to assign, the dialog shown above will appear with that command and any already assignd shortcut.

Follow the steps above to choose a storage location and to assign the shortcut.

This method is not recommended because if you instead press Ctrl + Alt + " - " on the Numeric Keypad by mistake, you can end up deleting commands.

Tools > Customize Keyboard

All Mac keyboards use the Command and Option shift keys as far as I know. Many also have the Ctrl Key.

(See Create a custom keyboard shortcut and follow the instructions. If this does not work, please let me know here.)

Copying / Moving Keyboard Shortcuts

There has never been a way built into Word to move keyboard shortcuts from one template to another. That difficulty is part of the reason this article stresses making a decision as to where to save your shortcuts when you create them.

Over twenty years ago, Chris Woodman developed code that creates an Organizer interface for Keyboard Shortcuts. As of this writing, it works fine in Word 2019 / Word 365 (both 32-bit and 64-bit versions). The original .dot version can be downloaded directly from an archival version of his webpage . An updated version that has Ribbon buttons in the Developer Tab can be downloaded from my website . (Both are free.)

The dialog shown above is similar to the Styles or Macros Organizer in Word. It is the same in the .dot version or the .dotm version.

The .dotm version adds the buttons below to the Developer Tab in Word.

See also this lengthy discussion of moving/using shortcuts for styles on multiple different computers. I urge that the shortcuts be in the templates that hold the styles. Problem transferring my Word shortcuts to clean local installs of Word using custom .dotm

See also this video by legal office guru Deborah Savadra:

Changes made in Shortcuts for pasting text by Microsoft

See: Paste Text Only Shortcut in Word

Changes made in Shortcuts for Zooming by Microsoft

See New Word Zoom Shortcuts

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Comments (3) 

Updated to mention use of Ctrl + Alt + " + " on the numeric keypad although I do not recommend using this method.

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Updated the section on using trigger or prefix keys.

I added a note about the legacy Access keys triggered by Alt. I hope to write a separate article later.

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45 essential Microsoft Word keyboard shortcuts for quickly creating, writing, and editing documents

• Microsoft Word has many keyboard shortcuts that you can use to write, edit, and format documents quickly and easily. 
• These Word keyboard shortcuts let you perform common tasks like saving, inserting page breaks, and changing fonts without touching the mouse.
• These 45 keyboard shortcuts work in the Word program on PCs and Macs, though you'll need to swap out any instance of "Ctrl" with "Command" when on a Mac. 
• Visit Business Insider's Tech Reference library for more stories.

Microsoft Word is a critical application in most businesses and home offices, but are you using it as efficiently as possible? 

If you have to keep reaching for the mouse, you're slowing yourself down and hobbling your typing speed. Keyboard shortcuts can save you a lot of time, so here's a guide to the most useful keyboard shortcuts in Word you should start using today. 

Check out the products mentioned in this article:

Microsoft office (from $149.99 at best buy), apple macbook pro (from $1,299.00 at apple), acer chromebook 15 (from $179.99 at walmart), using word's ribbon shortcuts.

The ribbon at the top of Word gives you access to virtually all the program's countless features, and you don't need your mouse to use it. Every ribbon command has its own keyboard shortcut. To use the ribbon entirely using your keyboard, do this:

1. Press and release Alt. You should see an overlay called Access Keys appear. 

2. Press the Access Key indicated to switch to the Ribbon tab you want to use. For example, to switch to the Layout tab, you would press and release Alt, then press P. 

3. Press the Access Key for the command you want to use. Some Access Keys are more than one keypress – press the keys in sequence. If there is yet another layer of choices, continue to press the appropriate keys. For example, if you wanted to open the Advanced Find window, you would press and release Alt, H, then F, followed by D, then A. 

Word keyboard shortcut summary

You can use the ribbon shortcuts to perform virtually any task in Word, but you might often find the more traditional keyboard shortcuts more convenient to use. Here are the top 45 keyboard shortcuts in Word. 

You can use this list for reference, and if you need a more detailed explanation of a shortcut, scroll down.

Note: This list works on both Windows and MacOS, but if you are using a Mac , wherever you see "Ctrl," press the Command key instead . 

Working with documents 

• Open a document: Ctrl + O
• Create a new document: Ctrl + N
• Save the current document: Ctrl + S
• Open the Save As window: F12
• Close the current document: Ctrl + W 
• Split the window: Alt + Ctrl + S

Moving around in a document

• Move the insertion point: Arrow
• Move one word at a time : Ctrl + Left/Right Arrow
• Move one paragraph at a time: Ctrl + Up/Down Arrow
• Move to the beginning of the current line: Home
• Move to the beginning of the document: Ctrl + Home
• Move to end of the current line: Ctrl + End
• Move to end of the document: Ctrl + End

Editing documents

• Cut the current selection: Ctrl + X
• Copy the current selection: Ctrl + C
• Paste the contents of the clipboard: Ctrl + V
• Bold: Ctrl + B
• Italics: Ctrl + I
• Underline: Ctrl + U
• Underline words only: Ctrl + Shift + W
• Center: Ctrl + E
• Make the font smaller: Ctrl + [
• Make the font bigger: Ctrl + ]
• Change text to uppercase: Ctrl + Shift + A
• Change text to lowercase: Ctrl + Shift K
• Insert a page break: Ctrl + Enter
• Add a hyperlink: Ctrl + K

Selecting text

• Select everything in the document: Ctrl + A
• Select text one character at a time: Shift + Arrow
• Select text one word at a time: Ctrl + Shift + Arrow
• Select from insertion point back to start of the line: Shift + Home
• Select from the insertion point to end of the line: Shift + End
• Enter selection mode: F8
• Cut text to the spike: Ctrl + F3
• Paste the spike: Ctrl + Shift + F3

Using tables

• Move to the next cell: Tab
• Move to the previous cell: Shift + Tab
• Move to the first cell in a row: Alt + Home
• Move to the last cell in a row: Alt + End
• Move to the top of a column: Alt + Page Up
• Move to the bottom of a column: Alt + Page Down

General tasks

• Undo: Ctrl + Z
• Redo: Ctrl + Y
• Zoom: Alt + W, Q
• Cancel: Esc

Word keyboard shortcuts explained

If you find that using a keyboard shortcut isn't apparent, refer to it in this expanded list for more information about it. 

Open a document: Press Ctrl + O to open an existing document. 

Create a new document: Press Ctrl + N to create a new, untitled document. 

Save the current document: Press Ctrl + S to save the current document immediately. 

Open the Save As window: Press F12 to open the Save As dialog box to save the document with a specific filename or in a new folder. 

Close the current document: Press Ctrl + W to close the current document. If it hasn't been saved, Word will ask if you want to save it.  

Split the window: Press Alt + Ctrl + S to split the current document so you can refer to or edit two parts on-screen. Press the keys again to close the split. 

Move the insertion point: User the up, down, left, and right Arrow keys to navigate the insertion point anywhere in the document.

Move one word at a time: Press Ctrl + Left/Right Arrow to move the insertion point an entire word at a time to the left or right. 

Move one paragraph at a time: Press Ctrl + Up/Down Arrow to move the insertion point an entire paragraph at a time up or down. 

Move to the beginning of the current line: Press Home to move the insertion point to the start of the line. 

Move to the beginning of the document: Press Ctrl + Home to move the insertion point to the start of the document. 

Move to the end of the current line: Press Ctrl + End to move the insertion point to the end of the line.

Move to the end of the document: Press Ctrl + End to move the insertion point to the end of the entire document.

Cut the current selection: Make a selection and then press Ctrl + X to cut it out of the document and place it in the clipboard. 

Copy the current selection: Make a selection and then press Ctrl + C to copy it to the clipboard. 

Paste the contents of the clipboard: Press Ctrl + V to paste the contents of the clipboard at the insertion point. 

Bold: Press Ctrl + B to bold the selected text. 

Italics: Press Ctrl + I to italics the selected text.

Underline: Press Ctrl + U to underline the selected text.

Underline words only: Press Ctrl + Shift + W to underline the selected text but not underline the spaces between words.

Center: Press Ctrl + E to center the line of text where the insertion point is located. 

Make the font smaller: Press Ctrl and the left bracket ([) to make the font smaller one point at a time. 

Make the font bigger : Press Ctrl and the right bracket (]) to make the font larger one point at a time.

Change text to uppercase: Press Ctrl + Shift + A to change the selected text to all uppercase. 

Change text to lowercase: Press Ctrl + Shift K to change the selected text to all lowercase.

Insert a page break: Press Ctrl + Enter to insert a page break at the insertion point. 

Add a hyperlink: Select text and then press Ctrl + K to open the Insert Hyperlink dialog box to turn that text into a link. If you press Ctrl + K without selecting text first, you will need to specify the link text. 

Select everything in the document: Press Ctrl + A to select the entire document. 

Select text one character at a time: Press Shift + Arrow to select text to the left or right, one character at a time. 

Select text one word at a time: Press Ctrl + Shift + Arrow to select words one at a time to the left or right. 

Select from insertion point back to start of the line: Press Shift + Home to select everything from the insertion point back to the start of the line. 

Select from insertion point to end of the line: Press Shift + End to select everything from the insertion point forward to the end of the line.

Enter selection mode: Press F8 to enter selection mode. In this mode, every arrow movement or click of the mouse selects text, as if you were holding the Shift key down. To exit selection mode, press Esc.

Cut text to the spike: Press Ctrl + F3 to cut the selected text and move it to the spike. The spike is sort of like the clipboard, but it can hold multiple items. You can choose any number of items, add them to the spike, and then paste them elsewhere. If you want to add an item to the spike without cutting it from its original location, press Ctrl + F3 and immediate press Undo (Ctrl + Z). The item will remain in the spike.

Paste the spike: Press Ctrl + Shift + F3 to paste the spike at the insertion point in your document. Each item gets pasted onto its own line. 

Move to the next cell: Press Tab to move to the next cell in a table and select that cell. 

Move to the previous cell: Press Shift + Tab to move to the previous cell in a table and select that cell.

Move to the first cell in a row: Press Alt + Home to move to the first cell in the current row. 

Move to the last cell in a row: Press Alt + End to move to the last cell in the current row. 

Move to the top of a column: Press Alt + Page Up to move to the first cell in the current column. 

Move to the bottom of a column: Press Alt + Page Down to move to the last cell in the current column.

Undo: Perhaps the most common shortcut of all time, Ctrl + Z will undo your last action. 

Redo: Press Ctrl + Y to redo the last action, if possible. If Word can't repeat the action, nothing will happen. 

Help: Press F1 to open the Help and Support pane. 

Zoom : Press Alt + W and then press Q to open the zoom control to change the magnification of Word on your screen. This doesn't affect the size of the document on the printed page. 

Cancel: Press Esc to abort any task you don't want to complete. In some cases, you may also need to click "Cancel."

Related coverage from  Tech Reference :

Yes, you can use microsoft word on a chromebook — here's how to install it, how to open a microsoft word document in pages on a mac computer, and export a pages file back to word, 'can you get microsoft word on an ipad': yes, you can — here's how to download and set it up, how to download and access microsoft powerpoint on your mac computer, how to convert your google sheets files into excel files, and edit them in microsoft excel.

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How-To Geek

All of the best microsoft word keyboard shortcuts.

Even if you're familiar with Microsoft Word, you might be surprised by the number and variety of keyboard shortcuts you can use to speed up your work, and just generally make things more convenient.

Quick Links

General program shortcuts, moving around in a document, selecting text, editing text, applying character formatting, applying paragraph formatting, inserting things, working with outlines, working with tables.

Now, does anyone expect you to memorize all these keyboard combos? Of course not! Everyone's needs are different, so some will be more useful to you than others. And even if you just pick up a few new tricks, it's worth it. We've also tried to keep the list clean and simple, so go ahead and print it that helps!

Also, even though our list of shortcuts here is pretty long, it's by no means a complete list of every keyboard combo available in Word. We've tried to keep it to the more generally useful shortcuts. And, you'll be happy to know that almost all of these shortcuts have been around for a long time, so they should be useful no matter what version of Word you're using.

There are many general program shortcuts in Microsoft Word that make it easier for you to do everything from save your document to undo a mistake.

• Ctrl+N:  Create a new document
• Ctrl+O: Open an existing document
• Ctrl+S: Save a document
• F12: Open the Save As dialog box
• Ctrl+W: Close a document
• Ctrl+Z: Undo an action
• Ctrl+Y:  Redo an action
• Alt+Ctrl+S: Split a window or remove the split view
• Ctrl+Alt+V: Print Layout View
• Ctrl+Alt+O: Outline View
• Ctrl+Alt+N: Draft View
• Ctrl+F2: Print Preview View
• F1: Open the Help pane
• Alt+Q: Go to the "Tell me what you want to do" box
• F9: Refresh the field codes in the current selection
• Ctrl+F: Search a document
• F7: Run a spelling and grammar check
• Shift+F7: Open the thesaurus. If you have a word selected, Shift+F7 looks up that word in the thesaurus.

You can use keyboard shortcuts to easily navigate throughout your document. This can save time if you have a long document and don't want to scroll through the entire thing, or simply want to easily move between words or sentences.

• Left/Right Arrow: Move the insertion point (cursor) one character to the left or right
• Ctrl+Left/Right Arrow: Move one word to the left or right
• Up/Down Arrow: Move up or down one line
• Ctrl+Up/Down Arrow: Move up or down one paragraph
• End:  Move to the end of the current line
• Ctrl+End:  Move to the end of the document
• Home: Move to the beginning of the current line
• Ctrl+Home: Move to the beginning of the document
• Page Up/Page Down:  Move up or down one screen
• Ctrl+Page Up/Page Down: Move to the previous or next browse object (after performing a search)
• Alt+Ctrl+Page Up/Page Down: Move to the top or bottom of the current window
• F5: Open the Find dialog box with the "Go To" tab selected, so you can quickly move to a specific page, section, bookmark, and so on.
• Shift+F5: Cycle through the last three locations where the insertion point was placed. If you just opened a document, Shift+F5 moves you to the last point you were editing before closing the document.

You may have noticed from the previous section that the arrow keys are used for moving your insertion point around, and the Ctrl key is used to modify that movement. Using the Shift key to modify a lot of those key combos lets you select text in different ways.

• Shift+Left/Right Arrow: Extend your current selection by one character to the left or right
• Ctrl+Shift+Left/Right Arrow: Extend your current selection by one word to the left or right
• Shift+Up/Down Arrow: Extend selection up or down one line
• Ctrl+Shift+Up/Down Arrow: Extend selection to the beginning or end of the paragraph
• Shift+End: Extend selection to the end of the line
• Shift+Home: Extend selection to the beginning of the line
• Ctrl+Shift+Home/End: Extend selection to the beginning or end of the document
• Shift+Page Down/Page Up: Extend selection down or up one screen
• Ctrl+A: Select the entire document
• F8: Enter selection mode. While in this mode, you can use the arrow keys to extend your selection. You can also press F8 up to five times to extend the selection outward. The first press enters selection mode, the second press selects the word next to the insertion point, the third selects the whole sentence, the fourth all the characters in the paragraph, and the fifth the whole document. Pressing Shift+F8 works that same cycle, but backwards. And you can press Esc any time to leave selection mode. It takes a little playing with to get the hang of it, but it's pretty fun!
• Ctrl+Shift+F8: Selects a column. Once the column is selected, you can use the left and right arrow keys to extend the selection to other columns.

Word also provides a number of keyboard shortcuts for editing text.

• Backspace:  Delete one character to the left
• Ctrl+Backspace:  Delete one word to the left
• Delete:  Delete one character to the right
• Ctrl+Delete:  Delete one word to the right
• Ctrl+C:  Copy or graphics to the Clipboard text
• Ctrl+X:  Cut selected text or graphics to the Clipboard
• Ctrl+V:  Paste the Clipboard contents
• Ctrl+F3:  Cut selected text to the Spike. The Spike is an interesting variant on the regular clipboard. You can keep cutting text to the Spike and Word remembers it all. When you paste the Spikes contents, Word pastes everything you cut, but places each item on its own line.
• Ctrl+Shift+F3:  Paste the Spike contents
• Alt+Shift+R: Copy the header or footer used in the previous section of the document

Word also has loads of keyboard combos for applying character formatting (and paragraph formatting, but that's covered in the next section. You can use the shortcuts to apply formatting to selected text or to whatever you type next if no text is selected.

• Ctrl+B: Apple bold formatting
• Ctrl+I: Apply italic formatting
• Ctrl+U: Apply underline formatting
• Ctrl+Shift+W: Apply underline formatting to words, but not the spaces between words
• Ctrl+Shift+D: Apply double underline formatting
• Ctrl+D: Open the Font dialog box
• Ctrl+Shift+< or >: Decrease or increase font size one preset size at a time
• Ctrl+[ or ]: Decrease or increase font size one point at a time
• Ctrl+=: Apply subscript formatting
• Ctrl+Shift+Plus key: Apply superscript formatting
• Shift+F3: Cycle through case formats for your text. Available formats are sentence case (capital first letter, everything else lower case), lowercase, uppercase, title case (first letter in each word capitalized), and toggle case (which reverses whatever's there).
• Ctrl+Shift+A: Formats all letters as uppercase
• Ctrl+Shift+K: Formats all letters as lowercase
• Ctrl+Shift+C: Copies the character formatting of a selection
• Ctrl+Shift+V: Pastes formatting onto selected text
• Ctrl+Space: Removes all manual character formatting from a selection

And just like with character formatting, Word has a bunch of shortcuts particular to formatting paragraphs.

• Ctrl+M:  Increases a paragraph's indent one level each time you press it
• Ctrl+Shift+M:  Reduces a paragraph's indent one level each time you press it
• Ctrl+T:  Increases a hanging indent each time you press it
• Ctrl+Shift+T: Reduces a hanging indent each time you press it
• Ctrl+E: Center a paragraph
• Ctrl+L: Left-align a paragraph
• Ctrl+R: Right-align a paragraph
• Ctrl+J: Justify a paragraph
• Ctrl+1: Set single-spacing
• Ctrl+2: Set double-spacing
• Ctrl+5: Set 1.5 line Spacing
• Ctrl+0: Remove one line spacing preceding a paragraph
• Ctrl+Shift+S: Open a popup window for applying styles
• Ctrl+Shift+N: Apply the normal paragraph style
• Alt+Ctrl+1: Apply the Heading 1 style
• Alt+Ctrl+2:  Apply the Heading 2 style
• Alt+Ctrl+3:  Apply the Heading 3 style
• Ctrl+Shift+L: Apply the List style
• Ctrl+Q: Remove all paragraph formatting

Whether you're looking to insert a section break in your document, or you just don't feel like digging for a common symbol, Word's keyboard combos have you covered.

• Shift+Enter: Insert a line break
• Ctrl+Enter: Insert a page break
• Ctrl+Shift+Enter: Insert a column break
• Ctrl+hyphen (-): Insert an optional hyphen or en dash. An optional hyphen tells Word not to use a hyphen, unless the word breaks at the end of a line. If it does, Word will use a hyphen where you placed it.
• Alt+Ctrl+hyphen (-): Insert an em dash
• Ctrl+Shift+hyphen (-): Insert a non-breaking hyphen. This tells Word not to break a word at the end of a line, even if there's a hyphen there. This would be useful, for example, if you included something like a telephone number and wanted to make sure it all appeared on one line.
• Ctrl+Shift+Spacebar: Insert a non-breaking space
• Alt+Ctrl+C: Insert a copyright symbol
• Alt+Ctrl+R: Insert a registered trademark symbol
• Alt+Ctrl+T: Insert a trademark symbol

Hopefully, you outline before cracking into a long document. If you're among those organized, outlining souls, here are a few shortcuts to help you out.

• Alt+Shift+Left/Right Arrow: Promote (move to the left) or demote (move to the right) a line
• Ctrl+Shift+N: Demote an outline level to regular body text
• Alt+Shift+Up/Down Arrow: Move the line with the insertion point up or down in the outline
• Alt+Shift+Plus or Minus keys: Expand or collapse text under a heading
• Alt+Shift+A: Expand or collapse all text or headings in an outline
• Alt+Shift+L: Show the first line of body text or all body text
• Alt+Shift+1: Show all headings that have the Heading 1 style applied
• Alt+Shift+any other number key: Show all headings up to that level

Moving around in tables doesn't work quite like moving around in regular text. Instead of clicking where you want to go, check out these combos:

• Tab:  Move to the next cell in a row and select its contents, if there are any
• Shift+Tab: Move to the previous cell in a row and select its contents, if there are any
• Alt+Home/End: Move to the first or last cell in a row
• Alt+Page Up/Page Down: Move to the first or last cell in a column
• Up/Down Arrow: Move to the previous or next row
• Shift+Up/Down Arrow: Select the cell in the row above or below the insertion point or selection. Keep pressing this combo to keep selecting more cells. If you have multiple cells in a row selected, this combo selects those same cells in the row above or below.
• Alt+5 on keypad (with NumLock off): Select an entire table

And that's about it. Hopefully, you've found a few new keyboard shortcuts to make your life in Word a little easier!

But if that's not quite enough for you, Word also allows you to create your own keyboard shortcuts for things like commands , styles , and even autotext entries . Plus, we've got a handy guide for printing out a list of any custom keyboard shortcuts you've created . Enjoy!

How to Assign Keyboard Shortcuts to Programs in Windows 10

Want to be snappier and get more done quickly? Set up keyboard shortcuts for your most used programs in Windows 10.

Shortcuts make things quick and easy, but there are ways to make things even faster. Did you know that you can set a keyboard shortcut for just about any program in Windows? When you want to open a specific program in a hurry, all you’ll need to do is quickly enter a few keystrokes.

Here we’ll take you through how to assign a keyboard shortcut to a shortcut on your desktop, the Start menu, and the Taskbar. The method for each is quite similar with only a few steps specific to the latter two.

1. How to Assign a Keyboard Shortcut to a Shortcut on the Desktop

The best way to improve productivity is to navigate using as few keystrokes as possible. One way to do that is by setting up keyboard shortcuts.

If you're interested, check out our ultimate guide to Windows keyboard shortcuts . And launching your most used programs with a combination of easily accessible keys should help you get more done quickly.

Once you’ve settled on which program you want to assign a keyboard shortcut to, do the following.

• Right-click on the program shortcut and select Properties .
• Under the Shortcut tab, in the Shortcut key field, simply type the shortcut you want to assign to the program and click the OK button.

Now when you enter the shortcut key, the program will launch.

2. How to Assign a Keyboard Shortcut to a Shortcut in the Start Menu

The process is pretty much the same here, with a few extra steps.

• Open the Start menu.
• Find the item to which you want to assign a keyboard shortcut.
• Right-click it and go to More > Open file location .
• In the Shortcut key field, add the keyboard shortcut you want to attach to the program.

3. How to Set up a Keyboard Shortcut for a Shortcut on the Taskbar

Creating a keyboard shortcut for an item on your taskbar is easy. Here’s how to do it.

• Right-click on an item appearing on the Taskbar.
• Right-click on the program and click on Properties .

4. How to Remove Previously Assigned Keyboard Shortcuts

To remove a keyboard shortcut, navigate to the program shortcut’s properties and delete the entry in the Shortcut key field. This should reset it to None and remove the associated keyboard shortcut.

Make Your Work Even Quicker With Keyboard Shortcuts

Now that you have the shortcuts set up, navigating your apps should be a breeze. It doesn't matter if it's a shortcut or on the taskbar; you can launch it with a quick key combination and get your work done faster.

R news and tutorials contributed by hundreds of R bloggers

6 life-altering rstudio keyboard shortcuts.

Posted on January 4, 2021 by Business Science in R bloggers | 0 Comments

[social4i size="small" align="align-left"] --> [This article was first published on business-science.io , and kindly contributed to R-bloggers ]. (You can report issue about the content on this page here ) Want to share your content on R-bloggers? click here if you have a blog, or here if you don't.

This article is part of a R-Tips Weekly, a weekly video tutorial that shows you step-by-step how to do common R coding tasks.

The RStudio IDE is amazing. You can enhance your R productivity even more with these simple keyboard shortcuts.

Here are the links to get set up. ?

• Get the Code
• YouTube Tutorial

6 Keyboard Shortcuts (that will change your life)

Let’s speed up common activities with these 6 super-useful keyboard shortcuts.

1: Commenting & Uncommenting Code [Ctrl + Shift + C]

I use this all the time to turn text into commented text. Works with multiple lines too.

Go from this…

To this…

2: Add the Pipe %>% [Ctrl + Shift + M]

My students absolutely love this. You can easily add the Pipe %>% in any spot you’d like! Perfect for data wrangling with dplyr.

3: Insert The Assignment Operator [Alt + -]

My code has tons of assignment operators. This is a simple, time-saver that will make you more productive in building functions and assigning variables values.

4: Cursor-Select Multiple Lines [Ctrl + Alt + Up/Down/Click]

This is a recent addition to my portfolio of must-know keyboard shortcuts. Using Multi-Cursor Select has now become a go-to for editing R code .

Multi-Line Select

…And edit!

5: Find in Files [Ctrl + Shift + F]

THIS IS A SUPER POWER. Seriously. Learn to use this one right now!

Find in Files

Found every instance of ggplot by file!

6: Keyboard Shortcut Cheat Sheet [Alt + Shift + K]

More shortcuts!!! Run this to get a Keyboard Shortcut Cheat Sheet.

Your coworkers will be jealous of your productivity. ?

But if you really want to improve your productivity…

Here’s how to master R. ?

What happens after you learn R for Business.

The look on your boss’s face after you’ve launched your first Shiny App . ?

This is career acceleration.

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Once you take these actions, you’ll be set up to receive R-Tips with Code every week. =)

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An Introduction to R for Research

1.4 keyboard shortcuts.

• Ctrl Enter: Run the current line of code, or a set of selected lines of code (Command Enter on a Mac).
• Alt - (minus sign): Shortcut for the arrow assignment operator <-
• Ctrl Shift M: The pipe operator %>% used in the tidyverse (introduced later)
• Up and down arrows: Use the up and down arrows while in the Console to scroll through past commands.

Tips and tricks

• The command to clear all variables from the environment (workspace)
• In RStudio the keyboard shortcut for the pipe operator %>% is Ctrl + Shift + M (Windows) or Cmd + Shift + M (Mac).
• In RStudio the keyboard shortcut for the assignment operator <- is Alt + - (Windows) or Option + - (Mac).
• In RStudio use Ctrl + L to clear all the code from your console.
• If you’re typing in a script in the source editor pane but you want to move the curser to the console use Ctrl + 2 . You can also use Ctrl + 1 to move the curser back to the source editor.
• To run a line of code from the source editor use Ctrl + Enter (Windows) or Cmd + Enter (Mac).
• You can “tear” code panes or data view panes out of the RStudio window which can be particularly useful on big screens or when using multiple monitors.
• You can scroll through your command history by clicking Ctrl + ↑ (Windows) or Cmd + ↑ (Mac). If you know what the line of code you’re looking for started with, type the first few characters and then press Ctrl/Cmd + ↑ and it will only search a matching subset of the history.
• You can rename all instances of a variable name by highlighting one instance of the variable name and then using Code > Rename in Scope . This is better than using Edit > Replace and Find because it only looks for whole word matches.

This is an R Markdown document. Markdown is a simple formatting syntax for authoring HTML, PDF, and MS Word documents. For more details on using R Markdown see http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com . A useful guide to help you get started can be found here .

Rmarkdown is a great way to perform reproducible research and generate reports.

Super brief overview

• Create a new Rmd file. In RStudio File -> New File -> R Markdown...
• When you have a Rmd file open in RStudio there’s a Knit HTML button up the top of the source window. You click that button to turn the markdown into HTML (or PDF or Word).
• Text and R code can be combined in the Rmd file. Code chunks begin with three back ticks followed by r , the (optional) chunk name and any arugments: ```{r} or ```{r chunk_name, tidy=TRUE} . The chunk also ends with three back ticks ``` . Examples can be seen in the template that opens along as a new file in RStudio.

Including Plots

You can embed static plots in an rmarkdown document without doing anything special. Important chunk options are fig.width and fig.height to set the figure width and height for example ```{r, fig.width=4, fig.height=6} .

Chunk options

Some useful chunk options:

• tidy = TRUE makes the R code more readable (proper spacing)
• results = 'hide' hide the results of the chunk output (i.e. don’t show them)
• results = 'hold' hold the results of the chunk output until all commands in the chunk have been run
• warning = FALSE don’t show any warning messages (e.g. when ggplot2 drops observations)
• message = FALSE don’t show any messages (e.g. when packages load)
• {r chunkname} you can name your chunks with text immediately after the r . This can be particularly useful when errors pop up as it makes it easier to identify which chunk the error occurs in.

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The queens of March Madness: Notre Dame's Freshman floor general Hannah Hidalgo

Patrick Jarenwattananon

As America waits for the kickoff of the Men's and Women's NCAA Tournaments, NPR's providing listeners with mini profiles of talented players leading their teams into the tournamen.

ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

What's it like to have your dad be your basketball coach all through middle school and high school?

HANNAH HIDALGO: Obviously, a lot of people think, oh, your dad's the coach. They're like, he's going to treat you so nice and give you whatever you want.

SHAPIRO: Hannah Hidalgo says her father did not take it easy on her.

HIDALGO: I think my dad was the hardest on me for sure because he knew what I could accomplish. And he saw, you know, kind of so much greatness in me.

AILSA CHANG, HOST:

It has been a banner year for women's college basketball, with viewership up 60% across national networks. Now with March Madness upon us, we talked with some of the star players poised for a deep run in the NCAA tournament. Today, the top player for No. 2 seed Notre Dame, point guard, Hannah Hidalgo.

SHAPIRO: Hidalgo is the country's third leading scorer this season and leads all players in steals as a freshman. And she's 5-foot-6, which is on the shorter side for an elite college player. One of her inspirations is now in the WNBA - Aari McDonald.

HIDALGO: Who was a really small guard, especially on the women's side, who really - seeing how small she was and how she was able to score over girls who were like 6'4", 6'5" and just her ability to finish and just kind of lead her team, it was just, like, phenomenal.

CHANG: Hidalgo has never let her height keep her down. In high school, she was the New Jersey player of the year and led U.S. junior national teams to two World Cup gold medals.

SHAPIRO: With all the extra eyes on her now, she says her faith in God keeps her grounded amid criticism or praise in sports media. And for pre-game pump-up music, she opts for gospel.

HIDALGO: We're always listening to gospel. Like, before the game, like, we lock in. And like, this is how we, like, you know, kind of relax - gets our mind focused. And then of course, after we listen to gospel, I'll call my parents, and they'll pray before every single game.

CHANG: Hidalgo says she remembers people looking down on women's basketball when she was younger, so she's happy to be seeing women finally getting mainstream recognition, even endorsement deals.

HIDALGO: To kind of see how, now, we're able to make money off of our name and, you know, like, how many millions of people are watching this sport, I mean, just kind of seeing these - the younger kids who are coming up now, it's just like - you know, it makes me really excited to see kind of what's for the future.

SHAPIRO: As for her immediate future, Hannah Hidalgo and the Notre Dame Fighting Irish open their NCAA tournament against Kent State on Saturday afternoon.

(SOUNDBITE OF ANDERSON .PAAK SONG, "COME DOWN")

Copyright © 2024 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

AFRY secures owner’s engineering assignment for large-scale solar power project in the Philippines

Aboitiz solar power, inc., a subsidiary of aboitiz power corporation (aboitizpower) has appointed afry as the owner’s engineer for the construction of a 172 mwp solar photovoltaic (pv) plant including grid interconnection works. the project, located in negros occidental in the philippines, aims to feed renewable energy into the visayas grid..

AboitizPower is one of the biggest power companies in the Philippines and the Calatrava project is one of the five projects in its portfolio of solar power projects which has nearly 1,000 MW of renewable energy projects in the pipeline, with plans to build at least 3,700 MW by 2030.

Spanning approximately 143 hectares of relatively flat terrain with rolling slopes, the Calatrava project will utilise a fixed ground-mounted solar installation and is planned to be connected via 230kV voltage to the Calatrava substation.

AFRY will play a key role in the project by providing project management assistance, design review and support services during the construction and commissioning of the solar power plant, including the interconnection facility up to the Calatrava substation. The project aims to export electricity to the grid by the end of 2024.

“AFRY is proud to have been selected as the Owner’s Engineer in this major solar project. This partnership with AboitizPower underscores AFRY’s commitment to advancing sustainable energy solutions and supporting the Philippines’ transition towards a cleaner and greener future”, says Nicky Gemperle, President of AFRY Philippines.

AFRY stands as one of the largest power sector engineering consulting companies in the Philippines, supporting the country’s transition towards clean energy by serving project owners, lenders and contractors with technical, market and environmental and social advisory services, Engineering Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM), and operation and maintenance consultancy.

Learn more about AFRY’s operations in the Philippines

In the Philippines, AFRY has been involved in a wide spectrum of energy sector projects. This includes ground-mounted, floating and rooftop solar PV, onshore and offshore wind power, battery storage, hydropower, pumped storage systems, biomass, and natural gas power plants, liquified natural gas (LNG) terminals, LNG-to-Power, nuclear power and transmission and distribution grids. Overall, AFRY has successfully completed over 220 power sector assignments in the Philippines, showcasing a strong commitment to sustainable solutions to accelerate the country’s transition to a clean energy future. 

For more information, please contact:

Petteri Härkki, Regional Director Asia, Renewable Energy and Thermal Power [email protected]

Nicky Gemperle, President, AFRY Philippines [email protected]

Virginia Ferrari, Communications Manager, Energy [email protected]

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What does ketamine feel like? I kept a diary of my six treatments.

As I considered ketamine therapy for anxiety, I wasn’t looking for spiritual rebirth. I just wanted a straightforward brain tuneup, like getting a car serviced.

In 2020, I was diagnosed with Stage 4 lung cancer. My body was treated with targeted therapies, but emotionally, I was vacillating between existential dread and crippling anxiety. Antidepressants, talk therapy and meditation couldn’t make a dent. I couldn’t summon the willpower or prolonged attention span needed to tackle my taxes or the unfinished writing assignments strewn across my desk.

Maybe ketamine could help?

I found my way to a Los Angeles-based clinic that specializes in ketamine therapy, using a form of the drug called esketamine.

Each visit would cost $675, and after three denials, I won approval for coverage of approximately 70 percent of the cost.

I told my doctor that I was skeptical of quick fixes and was not interested in psychedelic tripping. “Tripping is not an essential part of getting well with ketamine,” he said.

A week later, I arrived for the first of six sessions, scheduled over a period of a month. Before each session, my anxiety and depression levels were measured through a questionnaire “scoring” system. I made an audio recording of each session and took notes afterward.

Here’s my ketamine diary.

I aced my anxiety test! I got the highest score possible, only, that wasn’t something to celebrate. My score indicated “severe” anxiety.

I am in a windowless but pleasant treatment room painted a soothing robin’s egg blue, seated in front of a painting of a serene ocean with grassy dunes on what amounts to a comfortable dentist chair.

The doctor instructs me to inhale, but not too forcefully, to receive the 50-milligram dosage of esketamine, a nasal spray version of ketamine. The doctor tells me he will monitor my blood pressure, which will rise and then settle to a normal level during the hour we’ll spend together.

He warns me that the ketamine will have an acrid taste which I can offset with a lollipop. He’s so thorough in reciting the choice of flavors, it has an almost liturgical quality: tangerine, raspberry, cherry, grape, chocolate, caramel.

I choose caramel.

“Talking relaxes me,” I tell him. Then 20 minutes pass.

“I feel floaty, spacey, woozy — like a sea sponge, a collection of porous cells.”

Should I close or open my eyes?

Dizzy. Close eyes.

“I am aware I am speaking slowly,” I say. Open eyes.

“The grasses on the dunes in the painting are sucking me in,” I say.

The doctor reassures me that I’m not hallucinating. “The canvas is three-dimensional,” he says. This painting seems ill-advised in a ketamine treatment room, I think, but don’t say out loud.

Numbness. A disappearance of chatter. Am I a character in the psychological thriller TV series “Severance” or am I inhabiting my own life? I’m not sure.

“I can confirm that I’m not interested in an altered state,” I say, and ask if William Hurt in the movie “Altered States” actually devolved into a Neanderthal or did he just imagine it?

“Do I still have all my fingers?” (I did.)

“I’m not sure I can ever stand up again. (I could.)

My head feels fuzzy when I stand up, and I’m glad I’d arranged for someone to drive me home. Afterward, I took a nap, continued with my day, feeling essentially unchanged.

My mood assessment test seemed to indicate less depression and a dramatic decrease in anxiety, but I’d left some of the form blank, instead scribbling in: “maybe a bit less anxious” and “less worrying.”

This time I ask for a raspberry lollipop to mask the taste.

The doctor suggests upping the dosage, but I want to proceed cautiously, so I snort the same 50-mg dose.

Woozy feeling. Sea spongy. Slightly manic cocaine feeling (a remembered sensation from the 1980s).

I am talking about myself. I tell him folksiness annoys me. “Macramé is triggering.” (I have no idea why I said this.)

“I feel a flying feeling that I don’t like, thoughts are coming faster than usual.”

“Do you think ketamine is an extreme thing to do?”

He does not.

Afterward, I took a nap, continued with my day, essentially unchanged.

Instead of filling out the mood assessment questionnaires, I write “having bird by bird issues,” a reference to Anne Lamott’s “Bird by Bird, Some Instructions on Writing and Life.” The title refers to there being no shortcuts, only slow and methodical due diligence in writing and, by extension, life.

My doctor gently explains that the office staff is “flummoxed” by my refusal to fill out the multiple choice questionnaires. I try to explain that if I wasn’t already feeling overwhelming anxiety, checking off boxes on a test elicits the same panic I’d felt facing down the math portion of the SAT.

Flummoxed myself, and feeling as though I’ve let the office staff down, I accidentally switch off my recording before receiving the ketamine. My notes are spare.

Back to caramel.

Sea spongy.

Despite my doctor’s admonitions, I leave the majority of the form blank, noting, “Still having looping thoughts but perhaps (I feel) a bit of relief.”

Caramel lollipop.

We raise the dosage to 60 mg. After 20 minutes, I am in the film adaptation of Frank Herbert’s “Dune,” the 1984 version. Why am I in a movie that was universally panned, I wonder?

In the film, characters ingest a psychotropic substance and have visions of beads of oil dropping into a pool of water. I’m inside the drop. I’m in a shower. The water raining down on me is flecked with gold. I’m swimming with my sister in the warm tranquil water off the Atlantic coast at Martha’s Vineyard. I am standing in the sand, gentle waves lapping at my toes.

Or am I the sand? I’m inside a wave, a churning tunnel of water. I feel tipsy.

“This is awful,” I say.

The doctor instructs me to make my way back to calm water. I’m able to do that, but now my head has turned into a lava lamp. A tsunami-like blood orange blobby wave splashes across my field of vision and washes my brain away.

“My looping thoughts have disappeared, but so have all my thoughts,” I say.

“I’m not here to get nirvana in nasal spray,” I tell him. But I get it anyway.

“I’m the happiest sea sponge in the ocean,” I say. I am everything, and I am nothing. A few minutes pass. My skull, which had melted away, hardens back into a protective shell.

“I don’t think I can endure this anymore,” I say.

The doctor doesn’t upsell me. He suggests I review my notes and circle back.

I skip the questionnaire and scrawl: “probably feeling a bit of a lift.”

Caramel again. I snort the 60 mg.

“I really don’t like the druggy experience. I’m not looking for anything recreational.”

“Some clinics advertise it as such, but that’s fraudulent,” my doctor says. He tells me the goal is “turning down the volume on anxiety.”

When the ketamine kicks in I feel a little manic. “I need to stretch my tolerance of fear. Physical pain, getting IVs, the unknown timelines for my treatment scare me,” I say.

“I’m able to experience joy, but I need to recalibrate how to live an ordinary life.”

“I don’t want to be doing this on a regular basis,” I say. Afterward I nap, the day proceeds uneventfully.

The assistant inks a large question mark instead of tallying a score because I’ve left most of the assessment form blank.

We’ll always have caramel.

“I’m not sure the ketamine is enough of a game changer to consider further treatments,” I say, 20 minutes into the session when the drug hits and my brain begins to melt.

I ask how his other patients know the treatment has worked. “People report that they can take things more in stride,” he says.

“I’m not doing a happy dance, but I’m handling things,” I respond.

I am talking too quickly.

“I don’t enjoy this,” I say, when the spongy feeling dissolves the space between me and the world.

“This will be the last time I see you for a while,” the doctor says, and I laugh, momentarily unsure if I am on a date and being broken up with, or with a therapist.

“I woke up feeling different [today] … maybe better?” I am talking too slowly.

I say that I have run out of willpower between “managing the disease and being a creative person.” At the end of the session, the doctor says he hopes I will see benefits and will check in with me in a few weeks.

After the treatment

During the next months, I watched and waited for notable changes in my brain function. I was surprised to see that on my final assessment form, I’d reported feeling (maybe) 10 percent better than at the start. But was that a placebo effect or wishful thinking having invested what represented a significant amount of money and time?

A friend who uses ketamine under medical supervision and recreationally described that “floating along on the current” feeling as “peaceful,” and “liberating.”

After his sessions, he feels as though “the muck of inaction has been removed, culling the little voice in my head that tells me I’m stuck and will stay stuck forever.”

A year later, I’m still not convinced that the ketamine infusions benefited me in any measurable way. I did attend to my taxes, and I did finish that stalled writing project, but I had to do it “bird by bird.”

I am still facing my mortality and being the happiest sea sponge in the ocean, albeit briefly, didn’t make it any easier. The only thing that’s helped is an acceptance that it’s hard.

Annabelle Gurwitch is an actress and author whose most recent book is “You’re Leaving When? Adventures in Downward Mobility.”

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