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The department has launched a thesis template for Postgraduate students. The template aims to improve the standardisation of the theses submitted to the University of Nairobi. The template is available from the webpage on the Department's website dedicated for postgraduate students research process. The link to download is https://app.box.com/s/pueg3bi14zicred6jqohdtu7zu9w8zf2 . This endeavour is in line with the Department's goal of ensuring students get guidance and graduate in the stipulated period of their enrolment. This objective was spearheaded by the Chairman, Dr. Eng. Simpson Nyambane Osano and was implemented by Eng. Muthomi Munyua who is coordinator for postgraduate studies for the Department of Civil & Construction Engineering.
The image below shows the cover page of the Thesis template.
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University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format
University Of Nairobi (uonbi) Thesis Format
University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format – Read Details Below:
GUIDELINES FOR RESEARCH PROPOSAL AND THESIS FORMAT
The Board of Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies have decided on the following study rules for the conduct of postgraduate training at the Institute. These rules shall be read together with the common regulations for the Masters and PhD degrees in all faculties at the University of Nairobi (Statutes XXXII), the regulations and syllabus for the postgraduate programs in the Institute, the procedure for research at the University of Nairobi (Doc. No: UON/OP/65) , University of Nairobi Intellectual Property Policy 2013, University of Nairobi Research Policy 2013, the University of Nairobi plagiarism Policy 2013 and any other relevant policy.
The postgraduate training at the institute aims to provide comprehensive, internationally competitive training in the theory and practice of environmental governance and management as well as in-depth specialist knowledge of the individually selected research area. It directs the students towards independent, research work and enables them to become responsible environmental stewards.
Training in the first year is made up of taught courses with assessments. Taught courses are specified individually in the regulations and syllabus for the postgraduate programs in the Institute. A candidate may audit additional classes outside of the syllabus if they so wish.
The Postgraduate Studies Committee in the Institute and the supervisors will assure that the candidate actively participates in seminars and journal clubs and has the opportunity to present their work in conferences.
1 | P a g e
Director, Wangari Maathai Institute Jan 2015
Guidelines on proposal format and scope
Before commencing research work, a candidate will develop a proposal and submit to the institute for approval in accordance with the procedure for research at the University of Nairobi (Doc. No: UON/OP/65) and within the timelines that will be provided by the Institute
READ ALSO: University Of Nairobi Graduation List
PROPOSAL FORMART
The proposal should be presented in the following format
Project Title- It should be short and precise.
Statement: A proposal submitted to the University of Nairobi in partial/fulfillment of the masters /doctor of philosophy degree in……….e.g. Environmental Governance
Candidate name, qualifications and institution(s) where the degree(s) was/were awarded, Registration number,
Institute where candidate is registered; Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies.
Supervisors’ names, qualifications, affiliated institutions and signatures
Date of submission of proposal at the bottom
Recommended composition of supervisors
One of the supervisors must come from the faculty members affiliated to the Institute
A candidate must have at least two (2) supervisors
2 | P a g e
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Abbreviations and acronyms
Appendices
Introduction
Should give a brief overview of the field of study and should have very few references. Recommended: It should be at maximum 2 pages (font size12, double spaced)
Statement of Research Problem
Provide information on research gaps and rationale for the research Research questions
General Objectives: State what you expect to achieve by the study in general terms
Specific Objectives
They should be SMART (specific, measurable, realistic and time bound).
They should be derived from the knowledge gaps as identified in the literature review and justification
Hypothesis (where applicable)
Justification
This should be brief information supporting the need for the study based on the literature review. This should address the question of why a solution is needed and why this is the best method to address the problem
3 | P a g e
Scope and Limitations
1. This section explains the nature, coverage, and time frame of the study.
2. It presents in brief the subject area of investigation, the place, the time period covered.
3. It discusses the variables included in the study and the exclusion of other variables which are expected to be included.
4. It indicates the extent of capability/feasibility of results arising from the sampling population
Literature Review
Only relevant literature review should be included and;
Should be specific and focused on the problem under investigation.
Should provide the status of knowledge on the subject area and what is unknown and thus the knowledge gaps that the research is going to address.
Should cite recent work and present a clear evidence of originality and contribution to existing knowledge base.
Different subheadings should be used for different subject areas being reviewed
Where there are more than two authors cited literature should use et. al. in all mention(s)
References with one or two authors should have the name(s) mentioned and the year of publication after the name(s).
Theoretical and conceptual framework
Last section should summarize research gaps identified
Materials and Methods (Study area, experimental design, research materials are part of this section)
This section should provide research area, research design, target population, sampling design, research instrument and the statistical treatment of data obtained.
4 | P a g e
Location information (insert map for clarity)
Biophysical features (climate, soils, hydrological aspects, vegetation, fauna)
Demographic features and community profile
Experimental design and research materials
Should be focused on addressing the objectives identified.
The materials and methods used should be detailed enough that the work can be replicated
For well-established and documented methods, authoritative references should suffice.
Must be detailed enough to include sampling frame and statistical approaches where required
Should start with author’s name(s) and their initials. These should be followed by year of publication in bracket, the title of the article, Journal title in full, Volume of the journal where the paper is published, Pages (first-last page) for example : Fischer, R., and Schwartz, S. (2011). Whence differences in value priorities? Individual, cultural, or artifactual sources. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42 , 1127-1144.
For other referenced materials other than journals e.g. books, annual reports, use of the Harvard system (Author, Year, Title, Edition and publishers) for example: Hill, K. (2009). Animal “culture”? In K. N. Laland & B. G. Galef (Eds.), The question of animal culture (pp. 269-287). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
References should be arranged in alphabetical order. University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format
This should indicate the total length of time for the study and the expected activities per month in logical sequence within this frame.
5 | P a g e
Work plan and financial plan must go hand in hand.
A detailed itemized budget covering all envisaged aspects of the study will be included. It should include all cost: Personnel Requirement, Materials and Supplies, Communication and transportation, materials reproduction, testing fee, computerization, evaluation, institutional overhead costs if any, per diems and contingences
Where a student is joining an ongoing project, this should be indicated
They should be at the back
They should be numbered if they are more than one.
They should appear in the table of contents
Recommended
The proposal should not be more than fifteen (15) pages (News Time Roman, font size 12, double-spaced)
The proposal should be in A4 size (210-297mm).
The margins should be 50mm left hand and 20mm right hand. Text should begin about 40mm from top margin and 20 mm at the bottom of the page
All pages should be numbered consequently and the number should appear above the centre of the upper margin
The printing should be only on one page of the paper
6 | P a g e
THESIS FORMAT
Each item should start on a new page
Item 1: FRONT PAGE
Thesis Title
Statement: A thesis submitted to the University of Nairobi in partial/fulfillment of the masters /doctor of philosophy degree in.eg Environmental Governance
Investigator, qualifications and institution where the degree was awarded
Department where candidate is registered; Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies
Date of submission of thesis at the bottom
Candidate Declaration (name of the candidate and signature): This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Students should refer to plagiarism policy of UON
Supervisors Declaration (names of supervisors and signatures): This thesis has been submitted for examination with my/our approval as University supervisors
Item 3: Dedication (Optional)
Item 4: Acknowledgement
Item 5: Table of Contents
Item 6: List of Tables
Item 7: List of Figures
Item 8: List of Appendices
Item 9: List of Abbreviations
Maximum 2 pages, font size 12, double spaces
Paging to be done on Roman numerals up to end of abstract
Paging to be done on Hindu-Arabic numerals for the rest of the thesis
7 | P a g e
The margins should be: left margin 30mm right 20 mm, Top 30mm and bottom 20mm
The thesis may be presented in any of the following formats
OPTION 1: Monograph
Introduction
Statement of research problem
Research questions
General objectives
Specific objectives
Hypothesis
Justification
Scope and limitations
Literature Review
Theoretical and Conceptual framework
Study area
Materials and Methods
Results based on research objectives
Discussion/Conclusions/Recommendations
Or Results and Discussion (where results and discussion are combined)
Conclusions/Recommendations
References
OPTION 2: Paper format
General introduction
Objectives
Chapters based on research objectives
Introduction for each chapter
8 | P a g e
Materials and Methods for each chapter
Results for each chapter
Discussion for each chapter
Conclusion for each chapter (optional)
General Discussions covering the entire work/ conclusions/Recommendation
Submission of the thesis (see statutes XXXIII)
Statutes XXXIII provides the procedure for submission of thesis. Among other requirements it provides that at least three months before a thesis is submitted, a candidate shall give notice in writing to the Director Board of Postgraduate Studies. Further, it provides that every thesis submitted for examination shall be in quadruplicate and in loose form. A final version of the thesis (6 copies) must be provided in bound form after examination and approval of award. University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format
What is the required format for my thesis?
Details on the specific formatting requirements including font size, page layout, format, number of copies, binding and referencing are contained in the Thesis Examination guidelines .
Is this answer helpful?
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University Of Nairobi (uonbi) Thesis Format
- Post author: applyonlineafrica
- Post published: July 20, 2021
- Post category: Admissions And Intakes
University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format – Details:
GUIDELINES FOR RESEARCH PROPOSAL AND THESIS FORMAT
The Board of Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies have decided on the following study rules for the conduct of postgraduate training at the Institute. These rules shall be read together with the common regulations for the Masters and PhD degrees in all faculties at the University of Nairobi (Statutes XXXII), the regulations and syllabus for the postgraduate programs in the Institute, the procedure for research at the University of Nairobi (Doc. No: UON/OP/65) , University of Nairobi Intellectual Property Policy 2013, University of Nairobi Research Policy 2013, the University of Nairobi plagiarism Policy 2013 and any other relevant policy.
The postgraduate training at the institute aims to provide comprehensive, internationally competitive training in the theory and practice of environmental governance and management as well as in-depth specialist knowledge of the individually selected research area. It directs the students towards independent, research work and enables them to become responsible environmental stewards.
Training in the first year is made up of taught courses with assessments. Taught courses are specified individually in the regulations and syllabus for the postgraduate programs in the Institute. A candidate may audit additional classes outside of the syllabus if they so wish.
The Postgraduate Studies Committee in the Institute and the supervisors will assure that the candidate actively participates in seminars and journal clubs and has the opportunity to present their work in conferences.
1 | P a g e
Director, Wangari Maathai Institute Jan 2015
Guidelines on proposal format and scope
Before commencing research work, a candidate will develop a proposal and submit to the institute for approval in accordance with the procedure for research at the University of Nairobi (Doc. No: UON/OP/65) and within the timelines that will be provided by the Institute
READ ALSO: University Of Nairobi Graduation List
PROPOSAL FORMART
The proposal should be presented in the following format
Project Title- It should be short and precise.
Statement: A proposal submitted to the University of Nairobi in partial/fulfillment of the masters /doctor of philosophy degree in……….e.g. Environmental Governance
Candidate name, qualifications and institution(s) where the degree(s) was/were awarded, Registration number,
Institute where candidate is registered; Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies.
Supervisors’ names, qualifications, affiliated institutions and signatures
Date of submission of proposal at the bottom
Recommended composition of supervisors
One of the supervisors must come from the faculty members affiliated to the Institute
A candidate must have at least two (2) supervisors
2 | P a g e
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Abbreviations and acronyms
Appendices
Introduction
Should give a brief overview of the field of study and should have very few references. Recommended: It should be at maximum 2 pages (font size12, double spaced)
Statement of Research Problem
Provide information on research gaps and rationale for the research Research questions
General Objectives: State what you expect to achieve by the study in general terms
Specific Objectives
They should be SMART (specific, measurable, realistic and time bound).
They should be derived from the knowledge gaps as identified in the literature review and justification
Hypothesis (where applicable)
Justification
This should be brief information supporting the need for the study based on the literature review. This should address the question of why a solution is needed and why this is the best method to address the problem
3 | P a g e
Scope and Limitations
1. This section explains the nature, coverage, and time frame of the study.
2. It presents in brief the subject area of investigation, the place, the time period covered.
3. It discusses the variables included in the study and the exclusion of other variables which are expected to be included.
4. It indicates the extent of capability/feasibility of results arising from the sampling population
Literature Review
Only relevant literature review should be included and;
Should be specific and focused on the problem under investigation.
Should provide the status of knowledge on the subject area and what is unknown and thus the knowledge gaps that the research is going to address.
Should cite recent work and present a clear evidence of originality and contribution to existing knowledge base.
Different subheadings should be used for different subject areas being reviewed
Where there are more than two authors cited literature should use et. al. in all mention(s)
References with one or two authors should have the name(s) mentioned and the year of publication after the name(s).
Theoretical and conceptual framework
Last section should summarize research gaps identified
Materials and Methods (Study area, experimental design, research materials are part of this section)
This section should provide research area, research design, target population, sampling design, research instrument and the statistical treatment of data obtained.
4 | P a g e
Location information (insert map for clarity)
Biophysical features (climate, soils, hydrological aspects, vegetation, fauna)
Demographic features and community profile
Experimental design and research materials
Should be focused on addressing the objectives identified.
The materials and methods used should be detailed enough that the work can be replicated
For well-established and documented methods, authoritative references should suffice.
Must be detailed enough to include sampling frame and statistical approaches where required
Should start with author’s name(s) and their initials. These should be followed by year of publication in bracket, the title of the article, Journal title in full, Volume of the journal where the paper is published, Pages (first-last page) for example : Fischer, R., and Schwartz, S. (2011). Whence differences in value priorities? Individual, cultural, or artifactual sources. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42 , 1127-1144.
For other referenced materials other than journals e.g. books, annual reports, use of the Harvard system (Author, Year, Title, Edition and publishers) for example: Hill, K. (2009). Animal “culture”? In K. N. Laland & B. G. Galef (Eds.), The question of animal culture (pp. 269-287). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
References should be arranged in alphabetical order. University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format
This should indicate the total length of time for the study and the expected activities per month in logical sequence within this frame.
5 | P a g e
Work plan and financial plan must go hand in hand.
A detailed itemized budget covering all envisaged aspects of the study will be included. It should include all cost: Personnel Requirement, Materials and Supplies, Communication and transportation, materials reproduction, testing fee, computerization, evaluation, institutional overhead costs if any, per diems and contingences
Where a student is joining an ongoing project, this should be indicated
They should be at the back
They should be numbered if they are more than one.
They should appear in the table of contents
Recommended
The proposal should not be more than fifteen (15) pages (News Time Roman, font size 12, double-spaced)
The proposal should be in A4 size (210-297mm).
The margins should be 50mm left hand and 20mm right hand. Text should begin about 40mm from top margin and 20 mm at the bottom of the page
All pages should be numbered consequently and the number should appear above the centre of the upper margin
The printing should be only on one page of the paper
6 | P a g e
THESIS FORMAT
Each item should start on a new page
Item 1: FRONT PAGE
Thesis Title
Statement: A thesis submitted to the University of Nairobi in partial/fulfillment of the masters /doctor of philosophy degree in.eg Environmental Governance
Investigator, qualifications and institution where the degree was awarded
Department where candidate is registered; Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies
Date of submission of thesis at the bottom
Candidate Declaration (name of the candidate and signature): This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Students should refer to plagiarism policy of UON
Supervisors Declaration (names of supervisors and signatures): This thesis has been submitted for examination with my/our approval as University supervisors
Item 3: Dedication (Optional)
Item 4: Acknowledgement
Item 5: Table of Contents
Item 6: List of Tables
Item 7: List of Figures
Item 8: List of Appendices
Item 9: List of Abbreviations
Maximum 2 pages, font size 12, double spaces
Paging to be done on Roman numerals up to end of abstract
Paging to be done on Hindu-Arabic numerals for the rest of the thesis
7 | P a g e
The margins should be: left margin 30mm right 20 mm, Top 30mm and bottom 20mm
The thesis may be presented in any of the following formats
OPTION 1: Monograph
Introduction
Statement of research problem
Research questions
General objectives
Specific objectives
Hypothesis
Justification
Scope and limitations
Literature Review
Theoretical and Conceptual framework
Study area
Materials and Methods
Results based on research objectives
Discussion/Conclusions/Recommendations
Or Results and Discussion (where results and discussion are combined)
Conclusions/Recommendations
References
OPTION 2: Paper format
General introduction
Objectives
Chapters based on research objectives
Introduction for each chapter
8 | P a g e
Materials and Methods for each chapter
Results for each chapter
Discussion for each chapter
Conclusion for each chapter (optional)
General Discussions covering the entire work/ conclusions/Recommendation
Submission of the thesis (see statutes XXXIII)
Statutes XXXIII provides the procedure for submission of thesis. Among other requirements it provides that at least three months before a thesis is submitted, a candidate shall give notice in writing to the Director Board of Postgraduate Studies. Further, it provides that every thesis submitted for examination shall be in quadruplicate and in loose form. A final version of the thesis (6 copies) must be provided in bound form after examination and approval of award. University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format
University Of Nairobi UoNBI Thesis Format
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Thesis submission
- Uploading your thesis
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You are required to submit a thesis for examination after your period of registered study and before the conclusion of the thesis-pending period.
The thesis must be the result of the your own work, done mainly while you were registered as a student of this University.
Electronic version saved as a searchable PDF, should be submitted to Student Services (via eprints ), which will forward the thesis to the Examiners.
The information on this page will signpost you to different processes, policies and detailed instructions on submission. More detailed information can be found in submission pack .
The thesis should not be more than 100,000 words in the case of PhD or 60,000 words in the case of MPhil (in both cases inclusive of appendices, footnotes, tables, and bibliography); the University may withhold from examination a thesis that exceeds these word limits.
Proof readers
A proof-reader may only ensure that the meaning of the author is not misrepresented due to the quality and standard of the English used. This can include correcting spelling and basic grammar errors.
Inaccuracies in academic content should not be corrected nor should the structure of the piece of work be changed; doing so may result in a charge of plagiarism.
Format of thesis
Your should submit your thesis electronically via the University Eprints system. Your Thesis should be presented on A4 size, normally with 12 font typescript. There should be a margin of at least 1.5 inches, preferably 2 inches (5cm), on the left side of the page, both for typescript and diagrams, to allow for binding (if required).
Other margins should be of at least 1 inch (2.5 cm). Work should be saved as searchable PDF. For information on referencing and citing, please visit this website .
Alternative formats
Alternative formats for submission may apply. For certain doctorates (Music, Creative Writing, Drama and Performance Practice as Research, Translation Studies) an appendix detailing submission requirements is available.
For more information, please visit the University Quality Manual for further guidance here .
You are also allowed to submit by published works, please consult your supervisor and also refer to the University guidance here .
Quality Manual alternative formats guidance
Submission deadline
You are required to submit your thesis for examination by the submission deadline notified to you during your course of studies. In exceptional circumstances, you can apply for an extension to your submission deadline, in line with the extension to thesis pending policy, here .
If your submission deadline falls on a non-working day then you are permitted to submit on a first working day after this deadline.
Please also see here for key dates for gradation guidance .
Note: Even when they have been correctly observed, no guarantee can be given that the necessary examination procedures will have been completed in time for a candidate to graduate at the next degree congregation.
Extension to Thesis pending form
Quality Manual thesis pending policy
Notification of Submission
You are required to submit a thesis for examination before the conclusion of the thesis-pending period. You must give formal notice of at least 3 months to your School of your intention to submit.
The School should ensure that Student Services office is informed so that the procedure for appointing examiners can be initiated. Any delay in submitting your Notification of submission form can lead to a delay in your examination taking place. For more information on the examination process please go here .
Your supervisor’s signature on the Notification of submission of thesis form acts as confirmation that:
- the thesis is the result of work done mainly while you have been registered as a student of The University of Nottingham
- you have been given appropriate plagiarism guidance
- you have been advised on thesis embargo and/or restriction
- if appropriate to your discipline, you are aware of the requirement to submit all data collected during the period of study as a research student of this University, to your School prior to arrangement of the viva voce examination.
Upon receipt of your completed form, Student Services will ask your School to nominate examiners. When approved, we will email you with the names of your examiners, asking you to declare any possible conflict of interest.
Notification of submission form
Late submission
You are required to submit your thesis for examination by the submission deadline notified to you during your course of studies. Full time doctoral students submitting a thesis after this deadline, without receiving formal approval from the University for an extension of time, will be permitted to submit up to 12 months after their latest submission date as long as the maximum period from initial registration has not been reached.
Once the work has been submitted the late submission fee for each month or part month (as per the University Fee Schedule, please see under Postgraduate Research – Exceptional Fees – Current Academic Year) that passes between your expected submission date and the date that your thesis is actually submitted will be raised and is payable immediately.
For students who are not on doctoral programmes, or who are not full time, or for whom this is not the first submission, there is no recourse to submit a thesis late and an extension to thesis pending must be requested.
Quality Manual: policy on extension to thesis pending
Quality Manual maximum period from initial registration
How to submit
You are required to upload an electronic version of your thesis for examination, in searchable PDF format. This should be completed via eprints .
You use the same platform and process for uploading your first submission, as well as corrections and/or re-submission. Once the degree has been conferred, your final version will be retained for publication in the repository, all other copies will be deleted.
For detailed instructions please visit the uploading your thesis webpage .
What happens with my submission
Your submission will be checked by the Student Services team. There is no automated email from the system to confirm submission, but the Student Services team will email you once they process your thesis. Please do not be alarmed by the notification of 'Item Destroyed' automately generated message, this is the team downloading your thesis from the system.
First submissions, corrections and re-submission will be forwarded to examiner(s) for examination and/or final approvals.
The final version will be retained for publication in the repository, unless you indicate a different preference. See Uploading Thesis webpage for detailed instructions.
Publishing your thesis: open access, embargo or restriction
Unless you indicate a different preference, the public version of the thesis will be published online once the degree has been conferred. You may prefer to select the option to make your thesis fully open access as recommended by many funding bodies.
You may also wish to delay online publication of the full text by requesting an embargo period, of up to 2 years* , to allow publication through alternative channels. Please note: If you wish to request any further delay to online publication, beyond the initial embargo period please enquire by emailing [email protected] .
Note that with embargoed theses, while the full text is not publicly available, the bibliographic details (author, title and abstract) are discoverable and available to read. You must discuss these options with your supervisor. You request embargo at the point of submitting your thesis to e-prints.
* For Creative writing students, an extended embargo of up to 7 years is permissible.
In special cases, if a thesis includes work which is politically, commercially or industrially sensitive, the University Senate may impose a restriction on a thesis for a period of 2 years from the date of the award of the degree, if requested to do so.
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Home » Thesis Format – Templates and Samples
Thesis Format – Templates and Samples
Table of contents.
Thesis Format
Thesis format refers to the structure and layout of a research thesis or dissertation. It typically includes several chapters, each of which focuses on a particular aspect of the research topic .
The exact format of a thesis can vary depending on the academic discipline and the institution, but some common elements include:
Introduction
Literature review, methodology.
The title page is the first page of a thesis that provides essential information about the document, such as the title, author’s name, degree program, university, and the date of submission. It is considered as an important component of a thesis as it gives the reader an initial impression of the document’s content and quality.
The typical contents of a title page in a thesis include:
- The title of the thesis: It should be concise, informative, and accurately represent the main topic of the research.
- Author’s name: This should be written in full and should be the same as it appears on official university records.
- Degree program and department: This should specify the type of degree (e.g., Bachelor’s, Master’s, or Doctoral) and the field of study (e.g., Computer Science, Psychology, etc.).
- University: The name of the university where the thesis is being submitted.
- Date of submission : The month and year of submission of the thesis.
- Other details that can be included on the title page include the name of the advisor, the name of the committee members, and any acknowledgments.
In terms of formatting, the title page should be centered horizontally and vertically on the page, with a consistent font size and style. The page margin for the title page should be at least 1 inch (2.54 cm) on all sides. Additionally, it is common practice to include the university logo or crest on the title page, and this should be placed appropriately.
Title of the Thesis in Title Case by Author’s Full Name in Title Case
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Department Name at the University Name
Month Year of Submission
An abstract is a brief summary of a thesis or research paper that provides an overview of the main points, methodology, and findings of the study. It is typically placed at the beginning of the document, after the title page and before the introduction.
The purpose of an abstract is to provide readers with a quick and concise overview of the research paper or thesis. It should be written in a clear and concise language, and should not contain any jargon or technical terms that are not easily understood by the general public.
Here’s an example of an abstract for a thesis:
Title: The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health among Adolescents
This study examines the impact of social media on mental health among adolescents. The research utilized a survey methodology and collected data from a sample of 500 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years. The findings reveal that social media has a significant impact on mental health among adolescents, with frequent use of social media associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The study concludes that there is a need for increased awareness and education on the risks associated with excessive use of social media, and recommends strategies for promoting healthy social media habits among adolescents.
In this example, the abstract provides a concise summary of the thesis by highlighting the main points, methodology, and findings of the study. It also provides a clear indication of the significance of the study and its implications for future research and practice.
A table of contents is an essential part of a thesis as it provides the reader with an overview of the entire document’s structure and organization.
Here’s an example of how a table of contents might look in a thesis:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………..1
A. Background of the Study………………………………………..1
B. Statement of the Problem……………………………………….2
C. Objectives of the Study………………………………………..3
D. Research Questions…………………………………………….4
E. Significance of the Study………………………………………5
F. Scope and Limitations………………………………………….6
G. Definition of Terms……………………………………………7
II. LITERATURE REVIEW. ………………………………………………8
A. Overview of the Literature……………………………………..8
B. Key Themes and Concepts………………………………………..9
C. Gaps in the Literature………………………………………..10
D. Theoretical Framework………………………………………….11
III. METHODOLOGY ……………………………………………………12
A. Research Design………………………………………………12
B. Participants and Sampling……………………………………..13
C. Data Collection Procedures…………………………………….14
D. Data Analysis Procedures………………………………………15
IV. RESULTS …………………………………………………………16
A. Descriptive Statistics…………………………………………16
B. Inferential Statistics…………………………………………17
V. DISCUSSION ………………………………………………………18
A. Interpretation of Results………………………………………18
B. Discussion of Finding s …………………………………………19
C. Implications of the Study………………………………………20
VI. CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………21
A. Summary of the Study…………………………………………..21
B. Limitations of the Study……………………………………….22
C. Recommendations for Future Research……………………………..23
REFERENCES …………………………………………………………….24
APPENDICES …………………………………………………………….26
As you can see, the table of contents is organized by chapters and sections. Each chapter and section is listed with its corresponding page number, making it easy for the reader to navigate the thesis.
The introduction is a critical part of a thesis as it provides an overview of the research problem, sets the context for the study, and outlines the research objectives and questions. The introduction is typically the first chapter of a thesis and serves as a roadmap for the reader.
Here’s an example of how an introduction in a thesis might look:
Introduction:
The prevalence of obesity has increased rapidly in recent decades, with more than one-third of adults in the United States being classified as obese. Obesity is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Despite significant efforts to address this issue, the rates of obesity continue to rise. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in young adults.
The study will be conducted using a mixed-methods approach, with both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The research objectives are to:
- Examine the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in young adults.
- Identify the key lifestyle factors that contribute to obesity in young adults.
- Evaluate the effectiveness of current interventions aimed at preventing and reducing obesity in young adults.
The research questions that will guide this study are:
- What is the relationship between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in young adults?
- Which lifestyle factors are most strongly associated with obesity in young adults?
- How effective are current interventions aimed at preventing and reducing obesity in young adults?
By addressing these research questions, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the factors that contribute to obesity in young adults and to inform the development of effective interventions to prevent and reduce obesity in this population.
A literature review is a critical analysis and evaluation of existing literature on a specific topic or research question. It is an essential part of any thesis, as it provides a comprehensive overview of the existing research on the topic and helps to establish the theoretical framework for the study. The literature review allows the researcher to identify gaps in the current research, highlight areas that need further exploration, and demonstrate the importance of their research question.
April 9, 2023:
A search on Google Scholar for “Effectiveness of Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic” yielded 1,540 results. Upon reviewing the first few pages of results, it is evident that there is a significant amount of literature on the topic. A majority of the studies focus on the experiences and perspectives of students and educators during the transition to online learning due to the pandemic.
One recent study published in the Journal of Educational Technology & Society (Liu et al., 2023) found that students who were already familiar with online learning tools and platforms had an easier time adapting to online learning than those who were not. However, the study also found that students who were not familiar with online learning tools were able to adapt with proper support from their teachers and institutions.
Another study published in Computers & Education (Tang et al., 2023) compared the academic performance of students in online and traditional classroom settings during the pandemic. The study found that while there were no significant differences in the grades of students in the two settings, students in online classes reported higher levels of stress and lower levels of satisfaction with their learning experience.
Methodology in a thesis refers to the overall approach and systematic process that a researcher follows to collect and analyze data in order to answer their research question(s) or achieve their research objectives. It includes the research design, data collection methods, sampling techniques, data analysis procedures, and any other relevant procedures that the researcher uses to conduct their research.
For example, let’s consider a thesis on the impact of social media on mental health among teenagers. The methodology for this thesis might involve the following steps:
Research Design:
The researcher may choose to conduct a quantitative study using a survey questionnaire to collect data on social media usage and mental health among teenagers. Alternatively, they may conduct a qualitative study using focus group discussions or interviews to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences and perspectives of teenagers regarding social media and mental health.
Sampling Techniques:
The researcher may use random sampling to select a representative sample of teenagers from a specific geographic location or demographic group, or they may use purposive sampling to select participants who meet specific criteria such as age, gender, or mental health status.
Data Collection Methods:
The researcher may use an online survey tool to collect data on social media usage and mental health, or they may conduct face-to-face interviews or focus group discussions to gather qualitative data. They may also use existing data sources such as medical records or social media posts.
Data Analysis Procedures:
The researcher may use statistical analysis techniques such as regression analysis to examine the relationship between social media usage and mental health, or they may use thematic analysis to identify key themes and patterns in the qualitative data.
Ethical Considerations: The researcher must ensure that their research is conducted in an ethical manner, which may involve obtaining informed consent from participants, protecting their confidentiality, and ensuring that their rights and welfare are respected.
In a thesis, the “Results” section typically presents the findings of the research conducted by the author. This section typically includes both quantitative and qualitative data, such as statistical analyses, tables, figures, and other relevant data.
Here are some examples of how the “Results” section of a thesis might look:
Example 1: A quantitative study on the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health
In this study, the author conducts a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of exercise on cardiovascular health in a group of sedentary adults. The “Results” section might include tables showing the changes in blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and other relevant indicators in the exercise and control groups over the course of the study. The section might also include statistical analyses, such as t-tests or ANOVA, to demonstrate the significance of the results.
Example 2: A qualitative study on the experiences of immigrant families in a new country
In this study, the author conducts in-depth interviews with immigrant families to explore their experiences of adapting to a new country. The “Results” section might include quotes from the interviews that illustrate the participants’ experiences, as well as a thematic analysis that identifies common themes and patterns in the data. The section might also include a discussion of the implications of the findings for policy and practice.
A thesis discussion section is an opportunity for the author to present their interpretation and analysis of the research results. In this section, the author can provide their opinion on the findings, compare them with other literature, and suggest future research directions.
For example, let’s say the thesis topic is about the impact of social media on mental health. The author has conducted a survey among 500 individuals and has found that there is a significant correlation between excessive social media use and poor mental health.
In the discussion section, the author can start by summarizing the main findings and stating their interpretation of the results. For instance, the author may argue that excessive social media use is likely to cause mental health problems due to the pressure of constantly comparing oneself to others, fear of missing out, and cyberbullying.
Next, the author can compare their results with other studies and point out similarities and differences. They can also identify any limitations in their research design and suggest future directions for research.
For example, the author may point out that their study only measured social media use and mental health at one point in time, and it is unclear whether one caused the other or whether there are other confounding factors. Therefore, they may suggest longitudinal studies that follow individuals over time to better understand the causal relationship.
Writing a conclusion for a thesis is an essential part of the overall writing process. The conclusion should summarize the main points of the thesis and provide a sense of closure to the reader. It is also an opportunity to reflect on the research process and offer suggestions for further study.
Here is an example of a conclusion for a thesis:
After an extensive analysis of the data collected, it is evident that the implementation of a new curriculum has had a significant impact on student achievement. The findings suggest that the new curriculum has improved student performance in all subject areas, and this improvement is particularly notable in math and science. The results of this study provide empirical evidence to support the notion that curriculum reform can positively impact student learning outcomes.
In addition to the positive results, this study has also identified areas for future research. One limitation of the current study is that it only examines the short-term effects of the new curriculum. Future studies should explore the long-term effects of the new curriculum on student performance, as well as investigate the impact of the curriculum on students with different learning styles and abilities.
Overall, the findings of this study have important implications for educators and policymakers who are interested in improving student outcomes. The results of this study suggest that the implementation of a new curriculum can have a positive impact on student achievement, and it is recommended that schools and districts consider curriculum reform as a means of improving student learning outcomes.
References in a thesis typically follow a specific format depending on the citation style required by your academic institution or publisher.
Below are some examples of different citation styles and how to reference different types of sources in your thesis:
In-text citation format: (Author, Year)
Reference list format for a book: Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Publisher.
Example: In-text citation: (Smith, 2010) Reference list entry: Smith, J. D. (2010). The art of writing a thesis. Cambridge University Press.
Reference list format for a journal article: Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page range.
Example: In-text citation: (Brown, 2015) Reference list entry: Brown, E., Smith, J., & Johnson, L. (2015). The impact of social media on academic performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(3), 393-407.
In-text citation format: (Author page number)
Works Cited list format for a book: Author. Title of Book. Publisher, Year of publication.
Example: In-text citation: (Smith 75) Works Cited entry: Smith, John D. The Art of Writing a Thesis. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Works Cited list format for a journal article: Author(s). “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, volume number, issue number, date, pages.
Example: In-text citation: (Brown 394) Works Cited entry: Brown, Elizabeth, et al. “The Impact of Social Media on Academic Performance.” Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 108, no. 3, 2015, pp. 393-407.
Chicago Style
In-text citation format: (Author year, page number)
Bibliography list format for a book: Author. Title of Book. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication.
Example: In-text citation: (Smith 2010, 75) Bibliography entry: Smith, John D. The Art of Writing a Thesis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Bibliography list format for a journal article: Author. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal volume number, no. issue number (date): page numbers.
Example: In-text citation: (Brown 2015, 394) Bibliography entry: Brown, Elizabeth, John Smith, and Laura Johnson. “The Impact of Social Media on Academic Performance.” Journal of Educational Psychology 108, no. 3 (2015): 393-407.
Reference list format for a book: [1] A. A. Author, Title of Book. City of Publisher, Abbrev. of State: Publisher, year.
Example: In-text citation: [1] Reference list entry: A. J. Smith, The Art of Writing a Thesis. New York, NY: Academic Press, 2010.
Reference list format for a journal article: [1] A. A. Author, “Title of Article,” Title of Journal, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Month year.
Example: In-text citation: [1] Reference list entry: E. Brown, J. D. Smith, and L. Johnson, “The Impact of Social Media on Academic Performance,” Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 108, no. 3, pp. 393-407, Mar. 2015.
An appendix in a thesis is a section that contains additional information that is not included in the main body of the document but is still relevant to the topic being discussed. It can include figures, tables, graphs, data sets, sample questionnaires, or any other supplementary material that supports your thesis.
Here is an example of how you can format appendices in your thesis:
- Title page: The appendix should have a separate title page that lists the title, author’s name, the date, and the document type (i.e., thesis or dissertation). The title page should be numbered as the first page of the appendix section.
- Table of contents: If you have more than one appendix, you should include a separate table of contents that lists each appendix and its page number. The table of contents should come after the title page.
- Appendix sections: Each appendix should have its own section with a clear and concise title that describes the contents of the appendix. Each section should be numbered with Arabic numerals (e.g., Appendix 1, Appendix 2, etc.). The sections should be listed in the table of contents.
- Formatting: The formatting of the appendices should be consistent with the rest of the thesis. This includes font size, font style, line spacing, and margins.
- Example: Here is an example of what an appendix might look like in a thesis on the topic of climate change:
Appendix 1: Data Sources
This appendix includes a list of the primary data sources used in this thesis, including their URLs and a brief description of the data they provide.
Appendix 2: Survey Questionnaire
This appendix includes the survey questionnaire used to collect data from participants in the study.
Appendix 3: Additional Figures
This appendix includes additional figures that were not included in the main body of the thesis due to space limitations. These figures provide additional support for the findings presented in the thesis.
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- How to Write a Thesis Statement | 4 Steps & Examples
How to Write a Thesis Statement | 4 Steps & Examples
Published on January 11, 2019 by Shona McCombes . Revised on August 15, 2023 by Eoghan Ryan.
A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . It usually comes near the end of your introduction .
Your thesis will look a bit different depending on the type of essay you’re writing. But the thesis statement should always clearly state the main idea you want to get across. Everything else in your essay should relate back to this idea.
You can write your thesis statement by following four simple steps:
- Start with a question
- Write your initial answer
- Develop your answer
- Refine your thesis statement
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Table of contents
What is a thesis statement, placement of the thesis statement, step 1: start with a question, step 2: write your initial answer, step 3: develop your answer, step 4: refine your thesis statement, types of thesis statements, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about thesis statements.
A thesis statement summarizes the central points of your essay. It is a signpost telling the reader what the essay will argue and why.
The best thesis statements are:
- Concise: A good thesis statement is short and sweet—don’t use more words than necessary. State your point clearly and directly in one or two sentences.
- Contentious: Your thesis shouldn’t be a simple statement of fact that everyone already knows. A good thesis statement is a claim that requires further evidence or analysis to back it up.
- Coherent: Everything mentioned in your thesis statement must be supported and explained in the rest of your paper.
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The thesis statement generally appears at the end of your essay introduction or research paper introduction .
The spread of the internet has had a world-changing effect, not least on the world of education. The use of the internet in academic contexts and among young people more generally is hotly debated. For many who did not grow up with this technology, its effects seem alarming and potentially harmful. This concern, while understandable, is misguided. The negatives of internet use are outweighed by its many benefits for education: the internet facilitates easier access to information, exposure to different perspectives, and a flexible learning environment for both students and teachers.
You should come up with an initial thesis, sometimes called a working thesis , early in the writing process . As soon as you’ve decided on your essay topic , you need to work out what you want to say about it—a clear thesis will give your essay direction and structure.
You might already have a question in your assignment, but if not, try to come up with your own. What would you like to find out or decide about your topic?
For example, you might ask:
After some initial research, you can formulate a tentative answer to this question. At this stage it can be simple, and it should guide the research process and writing process .
Now you need to consider why this is your answer and how you will convince your reader to agree with you. As you read more about your topic and begin writing, your answer should get more detailed.
In your essay about the internet and education, the thesis states your position and sketches out the key arguments you’ll use to support it.
The negatives of internet use are outweighed by its many benefits for education because it facilitates easier access to information.
In your essay about braille, the thesis statement summarizes the key historical development that you’ll explain.
The invention of braille in the 19th century transformed the lives of blind people, allowing them to participate more actively in public life.
A strong thesis statement should tell the reader:
- Why you hold this position
- What they’ll learn from your essay
- The key points of your argument or narrative
The final thesis statement doesn’t just state your position, but summarizes your overall argument or the entire topic you’re going to explain. To strengthen a weak thesis statement, it can help to consider the broader context of your topic.
These examples are more specific and show that you’ll explore your topic in depth.
Your thesis statement should match the goals of your essay, which vary depending on the type of essay you’re writing:
- In an argumentative essay , your thesis statement should take a strong position. Your aim in the essay is to convince your reader of this thesis based on evidence and logical reasoning.
- In an expository essay , you’ll aim to explain the facts of a topic or process. Your thesis statement doesn’t have to include a strong opinion in this case, but it should clearly state the central point you want to make, and mention the key elements you’ll explain.
If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!
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A thesis statement is a sentence that sums up the central point of your paper or essay . Everything else you write should relate to this key idea.
The thesis statement is essential in any academic essay or research paper for two main reasons:
- It gives your writing direction and focus.
- It gives the reader a concise summary of your main point.
Without a clear thesis statement, an essay can end up rambling and unfocused, leaving your reader unsure of exactly what you want to say.
Follow these four steps to come up with a thesis statement :
- Ask a question about your topic .
- Write your initial answer.
- Develop your answer by including reasons.
- Refine your answer, adding more detail and nuance.
The thesis statement should be placed at the end of your essay introduction .
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Brand Architecture, Customer Loyalty, Competitive Intensity and Performance of Water Bottling Firms in Nairobi City County, Kenya . Awinyo, Sarah C. A. (University of Nairobi, 2023) This study aimed at examining the effects of brand architecture, customer loyalty and competitive intensity on firm performance.
THESES AND PROJECTS: FORMAT GUIDELINES INTRODUCTION This outline is intended to serve as a guide to students in the writing and assessment of research proposals, research papers and theses. ... The thesis/ project must be type written or printed on good quality paper of A 4 size (210X297) mm. (b) The type must be done double spaced and on one ...
The PDF file should be named ' Intent to Submit Thesis Submission - Student Name - F56-1234-2021. Submission must be done by email in soft copy. Submission is done to the Faculty of Engineering Postgraduate Correspondence, Civil & Construction Engineering [email protected].
A good research proposal is concise and focused although its length is dependent on regulations of different universities; it often ranges between ten and forty double-spaced pages inclusive of appendices. A research proposal has three main chapters or sections namely introduction, titerature review and research methodology.
THESIS EXAMINATION FORMAT GUIDELINES An HDR thesis embodies the results of original research conducted by the candidate. A thesis can be presented in a number of formats. Examples of different thesis formats are presented in ... UON Graduate Research Thesis Examination Guidelines. A list of Frequently Asked Questions has been
3.3 Sample design 3.4 Data collection 3.5 Data Analysis • References • Appendices Note: For a case study, population and sample do not apply. B. FORMAT Length: Maximum 20 pages, 1½ spacing, A4 paper Margins: Left margin: 1½ inches Right margin: 1 inch Top margin: 1 inch Bottom margin: 1 inch
The format suggested below is only a guide as to what is important in compiling a research proposal and subsequently a research paper or a thesis. ... This section provides a tentative outline of chapters and its salient points of the thesis or project paper. 2.13 References The reference list follows the chapter outline, and precedes the ...
Procedure for Examination of Doctoral Thesis August 2021 UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI NOTIFICATION OF INTENT TO SUBMIT THESIS SUBMISSION OF THESIS- UON/GTE/21/01 PART I: PARTICULARS OF THE CANDIDATE ... UON/GTE/21/02 . Author: Windows User Created Date: 10/6/2021 10:39:10 AM ...
The department has launched a thesis template for Postgraduate students. The template aims to improve the standardisation of the theses submitted to the University of Nairobi. The template is available from the webpage on the Department's website dedicated for postgraduate students research process.
Steps towards admission. i. Application: The candidate shall obtain an official application form from the Board of Postgraduate Studies (BPS) office situated at the Main Campus of the University upon payment of the prescribed fees. The candidate shall complete the said application form, attach certified copies of degree certificates and a draft ...
Recommended. The proposal should not be more than fifteen (15) pages (News Time Roman, font size 12, double-spaced) The proposal should be in A4 size (210-297mm). The margins should be 50mm left hand and 20mm right hand. Text should begin about 40mm from top margin and 20 mm at the bottom of the page.
Ask UON. Search by Keyword. What is the required format for my thesis? Updated 23/11/2021 06.07 PM. Details on the specific formatting requirements including font size, page layout, format, number of copies, binding and referencing are contained in the Thesis Examination guidelines.
sampling method was used to select a sample size of 272. A questionnaire, interview and document analysis guides were used to collect data. Qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis while descriptive and regressions analyses were used to analyse quantitative data.
UON Library guide to MLA referencing style 8th edition for UON students. Skip to Main Content. ... The following is the general format of a reference to a thesis retrieved from a library database. See general rules for theses for more details. In-text citation: format and example ...
encouraged to refer to the Thesis Submission Checklist before submitting your thesis. Before submitting your thesis, please ensure that it is formatted correctly (see Section 2. Thesis Format) and contains all relevant declarations and documentation. The research conducted shall primarily be embodied in the thesis; other work approved by the Deputy
Item 1: FRONT PAGE. Thesis Title. Statement: A thesis submitted to the University of Nairobi in partial/fulfillment of the masters /doctor of philosophy degree in.eg Environmental Governance. Investigator, qualifications and institution where the degree was awarded. Department where candidate is registered; Wangari Maathai Institute for Peace ...
Risk Factors Associated With Hypertension Among People Living With Hiv/aids at Pcea Kikuyu Hospital . Ugo-Kereke, Ijeoma D (University of Nairobi, 2018) Introduction: Hypertension is a non-infectious disease that has been shown to be the leading risk factor of cardiovascular disease and stroke. HIV on the other hand, is an infectious disease ...
Format of thesis. Standard. Your should submit your thesis electronically via the University Eprints system. Your Thesis should be presented on A4 size, normally with 12 font typescript. There should be a margin of at least 1.5 inches, preferably 2 inches (5cm), on the left side of the page, both for typescript and diagrams, to allow for ...
Thesis Format. Thesis format refers to the structure and layout of a research thesis or dissertation. It typically includes several chapters, each of which focuses on a particular aspect of the research topic. The exact format of a thesis can vary depending on the academic discipline and the institution, but some common elements include:
Placement of the thesis statement. Step 1: Start with a question. Step 2: Write your initial answer. Step 3: Develop your answer. Step 4: Refine your thesis statement. Types of thesis statements. Other interesting articles. Frequently asked questions about thesis statements.
Influence of Gemba-kaizen Strategy on Performance of Bamburi Cement Plc in Kenya . Endusa, Sarah (University of Nairobi, 2021) The study sought to determine the influence of Gemba-Kaizen strategy on performance of Bamburi Cement Limited in Kenya. The study was anchored on the dynamic capabilities theory and the theory of lean management.
You can also use Library Search to find UON theses held in NOVA. Simply use author, title or keyword. Print copies. Copies of all University of Newcastle PhD and Research Masters theses, as well as selected Honours theses relevant to the region, are held in Special Collections within Auchmuty Library.
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