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Capstone Project: Definition, Types, Structure, and Examples
by Antony W
September 5, 2021
If you're reading this, chances are that you're in your final year of school and the words "capstone project" have come up somewhere in your first or second semester.
You're probably looking for a quick score on the topic - what it's about, a project template, or even a sample. If so, you're in the right place.
Before we get into it, you' need to know that you're in the hands of consummate capstone project experts.
Help for Assessment is composed of scholars at all levels of academic achievement including Masters and Ph.D., all inspired and motivated to help students like you achieve their academic goals. The expertise and experience we have spans years. Even better, this combined academic expertise is placed at your disposal. If your capstone research project is already giving you goosebumps, we will do it for you from scratch including the project proposal, research, write up, and final review before submission.
Remember, you can trust Help for Assessment to complete your capstone project successfully and earn you top grades. All you have to do is order the service here on our service page.
In the meantime, let us explore the definition of the capstone project, types of projects for students, and a sample capstone project.
What Is a Capstone Project?
A capstone project in college is a final independent project undertaken in a program of study designed to assess the skills, knowledge, and expertise acquired by the student.
As the name suggests, it is the capstone or crowning achievement of academic life and the last class taken before graduation. It gives you the final credits required to pass the course, which is why every student must take the project.
Since it is designed to assess knowledge and skills gained in a particular discipline, capstone projects vary from school to school and discipline to discipline.
Such a project might involve something as simple as research on a topic, an evaluation of a new technique or method, development of a health program, research into a historical figure or event, or even composing a skit or theatre presentation.
No matter what kind of project you choose to undertake, the result is the same. You get to showcase your understanding of the coursework material learned and display your readiness to enter the professional world to start your career. It is a rewarding experience if done right, but can mess up your final year and possibly your graduation if you manage to mess it up.
Do you know that a successful capstone project also helps to land you lucrative jobs? That’s right, capstone projects are one of the ways potential employers find out just how learned, resourceful, and talented you are. Think of it as a kind of thesis.
Capstone projects are also called culminating projects, experience, senior exhibition, or other similar names. The project is usually self-directed, and most students find it a challenge to even come up with the right capstone project topic.
Capstone Project Vs. Thesis
A capstone project and a thesis are both very similar in that they represent a final effort from the student just before graduation.
They are done in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the course being undertaken. The comprehensive approach and assessment involved are very similar, and sometimes the structure and methodology might overlap.
Both also have to be reviewed and approved by the institution and will remain in the public domain after publishing.
However, there are some important differences.
- A thesis is purely academic while a capstone project focuses more on the practical preparation of the student for the real world/job market.
- A thesis is guided by a research question resulting in the addition of new knowledge to the field, while a capstone project is guided by the practical importance of the project to the field.
- A thesis involves academic research and analysis, while a capstone project can be anything including a dance or film.
- A thesis is expected to be original and authentic, while a capstone project will have more loose requirements. You can borrow another person’s capstone project ideas , so long as you demonstrate your own advancement in the field.
- A capstone project will usually only have a brief write-up or report, while a thesis generates a detailed, extensive writeup.
- The final presentation of a thesis, called a defense, is meant to prove and show that you have mastered the subject. You are supposed to be a mini-expert in the field. A capstone project presentation comes off as a kind of exhibition where you showcase your project without having to defend it.
Types of Capstone Projects
Capstone projects vary not just in the type of project, also in the level at which they are done.
There are projects for juniors and seniors in college as well as for postgraduate students.
Here are some examples of the forms of projects depending on the academic level.
- In-depth research projects.
- Developing the concept of a product, tool, or service.
- Expositions.
- Experiments.
Capstone projects can be conducted either individually or in a group.
However, the key thing is to make sure that the project proposal has been reviewed and approved by the instructor/panel/institution in charge before proceeding.
Senior Capstone Project
Senior projects are so called because they are done by high school students in their senior year.
Just like other projects, they represent a culmination of the coursework with an interdisciplinary application of knowledge and skills gained so far.
The project usually takes the better part of the final academic year and will have different parts to it, depending on the type of project chosen.
It will also require a presentation where the student(s) explain and describe the project to an audience, including their classmates.
Sample Capstone Project Outline
The write up for a project consists of several parts. However, even before starting the write-up, you need to do a few things:
- Come up with an idea for your project. What will be your subject matter, topic, or premise?
- Find sources for the project and review them beforehand to ensure that they will be of help to you.
- Come up with a step-by-step methodology for your project.
Using this information, you will then write a capstone project proposal for your project. It informs your instructor or review panel exactly what you intend to present so that they can approve or reject it.
Once approved, you can go on to the next stage. The final write-up has the following parts.
- A title page.
- Project outline.
- A description/abstract.
- Introduction
- Rationale/relevance/reason for doing the project.
- Objectives of the project.
- Procedures/methodology.
- Research and analysis.
- Evaluation of results and findings.
- Conclusion and future work/suggestions.
- Bibliography/works cited/reference list.
Note that the project is carried out in stages. Once approved, you will need to be submitting weekly or monthly status reports to your supervisor. After the project report is submitted, you will also have to make a presentation about the whole project.
This brief outline is only meant to be a rough guide. We have a much more detailed article detailing how you can do your capstone project, including a project template.
Capstone Project Examples
Help for Assessment has extensive experience when it comes to capstone projects of all kinds.
Whether it’s a high school project, a college capstone, or a senior capstone project, you can trust us to carry it out successfully for you.
As proof, you can check out various capstone project samples here . (hyperlink to be inserted.)
Get Help With Your Capstone Project
Capstone projects in every level of school are a make or break it deal. Given that they complete the graduation credits required, it makes sense to leave this important part of your coursework to experts.
We are proud to offer you a guide on how to write a capstone project here . If you need help, you can take advantage of our capstone project writing service at affordable, student-friendly rates with amazing discounts.
Check it out here and make your order to experience excellence, peace of mind, and success thanks to our stellar services.
About the author
Antony W is a professional writer and coach at Help for Assessment. He spends countless hours every day researching and writing great content filled with expert advice on how to write engaging essays, research papers, and assignments.
Free Project Requirement Templates and Documents
Smartsheet Contributor Kate Eby
March 11, 2022
Project requirements templates can help you track work you need to complete. We’ve compiled the top templates for project sponsors, analysts, developers, and stakeholders, as well as for software, information technology, and small-project teams.
Included on this page, you’ll find a simple project requirements template , a software project requirements document template , an information technology (IT) project definition template , and a project requirements gathering checklist template . Plus, you’ll learn about the elements of project requirements templates and how to use them.
Simple Project Requirements Template
Download Simple Project Requirements Template Microsoft Excel | Microsoft Word | Adobe PDF | Google Sheets
Use this simple project requirements document template to keep your project on track. Enter your project overview (e.g., the proposed solution, what the project is intended to achieve, and the business justification); the technical, functional, reporting, and security requirements; and the proposed process-flow details. The template provides ample space to list project requirement considerations, addendums, and appendices, and it includes a document-tracking table for version control.
Project Requirements Specification Template
Download Project Requirements Specification Template Microsoft Word | Adobe PDF | Google Sheets
This project requirements specification template provides space to detail project scope, the tentative schedule (including key milestones), resources, anticipated costs, benefits, and roles (e.g., process owner, key stakeholders, and final customer). In the Project Overview section, enter the problem or issue, the project purposes, the business case, the goals and metrics, and the expected deliverables. The template also provides a section to list project risks, constraints, and assumptions, so that you can anticipate — and prevent — any potential setbacks.
Project Requirements Gathering Checklist Template
Download Project Requirements Gathering Checklist Template Microsoft Excel | Microsoft Word | Adobe PDF
Use this checklist template to ensure that you account for every project requirement on your list. Under the appropriate Action section header, enter the task you need to complete (e.g., project initiation, requirements discovery and research, requirements analysis), as well as a description and any requirements. Use the Priority and Status columns to track which requirements are the most important and the completion status of each. This project requirements gathering checklist template also includes space to note approval statuses, desired date of delivery, and date rationale.
Project Requirements Example Template
Download Project Requirements Example Template Microsoft Word | Google Docs
Stakeholders and team members can view your project’s requirements with this project requirements example template, which includes sample text that you can edit. Enter project number, date submitted, and project objectives, and then flesh out or project requirements (including step-by-step notes for project deliverables), project tasks, out-of-scope items, project assumptions, and project constraints (e.g., hard deadlines, key milestones, budget constraints, quality or performance constraints). The template provides space for project-related estimated hours to completion and a complete Approvals table that you can use to gain stakeholder buy-in.
Software Project Requirement Document Template
Download Software Project Requirement Document Template Microsoft Excel | Adobe PDF
Use this software project requirement document template to map out logistics for your project. First, enter organization details (e.g., project name, version number, and client point of contact), as well as contact information, and project team names, titles, and their contact details. Provide a project overview description, background (i.e., project justification), resource requirements, and fee-summary details. Use the template’s unique Operations & Support section to specify a software project communication plan, quality management plan, software project training plan, and requirements details around regulatory compliance.
For details on functional specification requirements and how they relate to project requirements, read this article on functional specifications templates.
Project Definition Sample Template
Download Project Definition Sample Template Microsoft Word | Google Docs
Use this project definition sample template with editable example text to define your project’s requirements, including deliverables, tasks, scope, assumptions, constraints, and approval processes. Then, define your work breakdown structure (WBS) to ensure that you execute your proposed deliverables and meet — and exceed — market expectations. This comprehensive template helps teams remain accountable for the details of every requirement related to their particular project.
IT Project Definition Template
Download IT Project Definition Template Microsoft Excel | Adobe PDF | Google Sheets
Capture all of your information technology (IT) project’s implementation factors with this all-inclusive IT project definition template. The fully customizable template prompts you to enter your organization details, project overview, primary objective, and business case. Then, enter any potential project risks, define what is out of scope of the project, and specify any related technical elements. This template helps IT departments proactively prepare for project rollout, and it includes sections to add a technical design diagram, connection details, storage and network information, and data flow details, as well as to note any ancillary equipment you use.
Agile Project Plan Template
Download Agile Project Plan Template — Microsoft Excel
Use this dynamic Agile project plan template to plan, track, and manage all aspects of an Agile development project. First, enter your project name, project manager, project deliverables, and scope statement. The template allows you to break down your Agile sprints into features with tasks, assign story points to each task, indicate whether a task is at risk, and assign these tasks to team members. The template also includes a Gantt chart, which automatically adjusts when you edit the task components to provide an easy-to-read visual representation of your Agile project timeline.
Simple Project Definition Template
Download Simple Project Definition Template Microsoft Word | Adobe PDF | Google Docs
This comprehensive project definition template prompts you to enter general project information, such as the project name, project manager, project sponsor, organizational unit, expected project dates, estimated project costs, and expected savings. The template also includes a Project Overview section to define the problem or issue the project will solve, the business case, and the goals and metrics that you will use to gauge the project’s success, as well as a Project Scope section. This customizable template also works in tandem with Six Sigma methodology and has space for belt levels (e.g., “Green Belts Assigned” or “Black Belts Assigned”) to ensure that you optimize project progress.
Technical Requirements Document Template
Download Technical Requirements Document Template Microsoft Excel | Adobe PDF
Keep all team members on the same page as your technical project advances — from strategic and planning stages to successful implementation — with this technical requirements document template. Enter a high-level project overview that details the project’s purpose and proposed solution, technical requirements (e.g., functional requirements, reporting requirements, and security requirements), technical process flow, and technical considerations. The template provides an Addendums & Appendices section that you can use to reference associated documentation.
For helpful tips on writing technical specifications for projects, see this article on technical specification templates .
Project Requirements Analysis Document (RAD) Template
Download Project Requirements Analysis Document (RAD) Template Microsoft Word | Adobe PDF | Google Docs
Use this project requirements analysis document (RAD) template to analyze the effectiveness of your proposed or in-progress project plan. Enter the project’s purpose, business requirements, functional requirements, and compliance requirements to ensure that the project will benefit both the developer and the customer. This project RAD template also includes a Version History section to document version control and a Functional Requirements Document Authorization Memorandum section to note project plan acceptance and executive or sponsor sign-off.
For solutions and resources to ensure that you optimize project requirements documentation, read our article on project documentation templates .
Project Definition Report Template
Download Project Definition Report Template Microsoft Word | Google Docs
Use this all-inclusive project definition report template to align project requirement components as your project progresses. The template allows you to report out weekly project status, including any roadblocks, overages, potential risks or delays, and milestones met or missed. Enter any reportable budget, resource, timeline, or project delivery issues, so that you can define any project deliverable delays and proactively communicate these delays to team members, executives, and project sponsors.
Project Definition Statement Template
Download Project Definition Statement Template Microsoft Excel | Microsoft Word | Adobe PDF
Notify all stakeholders of project progress with this project definition statement template. The template includes sections to list project objectives, project deliverables, project tasks, project scope, and project assumptions. It also includes a detailed breakdown of project constraints, such as hard deadlines, key milestones, budget constraints, quality or performance constraints, equipment or personnel constraints, and regulatory constraints.
Project Capacity Planning Template
Download Project Capacity Planning Template Microsoft Excel | Google Sheets | Smartsheet
Use this project capacity planning template to anticipate and facilitate any project-related resource requirements. Enter project phases, start and end dates, and resource requirements (e.g., organizational area, role, quantity, rate of pay). The template’s visually rich bar chart provides an easy-to-follow visualization of phase-by-phase capacity planning for your project.
Project Scope Statement Template
Download Project Scope Statement Template — Microsoft Word
Keep all stakeholders in the loop with this project scope statement that prompts you to define what is in — and out — of project scope. Specify your project objectives, deliverables, and tasks, so that anyone reading the document can understand what is within project scope. Use the Out of Scope section to specify what the project is not responsible for accomplishing, so that you set all project team members’ and sponsors’ expectations appropriately.
Project Requirements Matrix Template
Download Project Requirements Matrix Template Microsoft Excel | Google Sheets
This streamlined project requirements matrix template enables you to rank each of your project’s requirements to ensure you account for them and are on track for project success. Enter who requested each requirement, as well as the requirement’s details, business value, business risk, implementation challenges, chance of success, compliance, and relationship to other requirements. Use the unique ranking system for each requirement’s criteria to ensure that you identify your project’s highest-priority items and can successfully implement them.
What Is a Project Requirements Template?
A project requirements template provides an outline of the requirements needed to execute a project, including purpose, scope, features, tasks, deliverables, and milestones. Use a template to define your project’s criteria to stay on track for successful implementation.
While technical requirements and functional requirements serve to define the project’s specific logistical deliverables, project requirements provide a blueprint for a project’s high-level, comprehensive goals. A project requirements template functions as a guide for your project’s goals and how you will deliver them, as well as how team members should execute the project, based on concrete descriptions of the project’s scope and its defined purpose.
Though project requirements may vary, your project requirements document will typically include the following elements:
- Assumptions and Constraints: Detail the project assumptions and any limitations that will affect the project’s deliverables.
- Considerations: List any relevant details about the project team, clarify the project communication plan, and create a project delivery timeline.
- Functional Requirements: Specify any functionality that the project must deliver.
- Milestones: List major landmarks that the project should meet, and a delivery date for each to gauge the project’s progress.
- Out of Scope: Detail any project-related components that are not part of the project’s core deliverables and that the project is not required to deliver.
- Project Deliverables: Provide a list of project-specific offerings, and what is required in order to implement each one.
- Project Manager: List the name of the team member responsible for gathering and defining project requirements.
- Project Name: Enter the name of the project for which you are writing requirements.
- Project Overview: Include a high-level description of the project and its proposed solution, including the project’s background, the problem it will solve, and business justification for undertaking the project.
- Project Risks: List any potential threats to the project, and any planned mitigation or contingency actions to address them.
- Scope of Work: Specify the range of tasks that the project will cover. These tasks are considered in scope of the project.
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Capstone Project Documentation Chapter 1 Sample Template
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Business Requirements Document, Capstone Project Example
Pages: 4
Words: 1205
This Capstone Project was written by one of our professional writers.
You are free to use it as an inspiration or a source for your own work.
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Introduction
Data repository is a general term that is used simply to refer to the data storage points within an organization or system. This project seeks to put in place a more efficient and bugger repository to improve the performance of the existing information systems. This repository is aimed at making the organization grow relatively to greater heights in the next few years, probably by twenty percent annually. It is expected that the repository will put in place the current missing aspects of data properties that need to be included as important resources of the organization. The project seeks to take the minimum time possible, and to utilize the resources to the least standards to minimize on costs, and maximize on the net present value.
Project Evaluation
This project will be evaluated using the financial aspects of the net present value. Using a discount rate of 20%, we expect that the discounted future values will be able to meet the user requirements. This evaluation will be done based on the forecasted future possible returns from the project activities, on a period of less than five years. The net present value method has been selected since it takes into account the time value of money. The needs resources required from the company to undertake the project will be deducted from the forecasted annual returns or yields expected from this project. This would give the annual profits (π) in a certain year (n) which would be discounted at the stated rate as shown using the formula below.
Present Value (PV) = π (1+0.02) -n. The cumulative net present values would then be obtained from summation of all the Present Values (PV) in the course of the project’s operation (Dinsmore & Cabanis-Brewin, 2011). If this gives a positive value, then the projects will be pursued. The values that will be obtained will be used as a measurement point for feasibility study.
Scope of the Project
- Project Justification Information
This project is based on a young company that is barely in its thirds year of operation. It is at its best stage in the organizational life cycle structure. At this point, it becomes the most relevant time to carry out projects aimed at expansion and growth of organizations. The company will be in a position to control the operations of its clients and employees through the forecasted multi-terabyte data stores. The projected benefits will exceed the projected costs. Despite the fact that the company may have to suffer the initial costs associated with the establishment of this facility, the expected long-term Returns on Investment (ROI) for this project is likely to cater for this.
- The Project Product
The data warehouse that the projects seeks to put in place is aimed at including additional and more efficient methods of operations like the big data technologies, closely related to the cloud technology. This will enable quick processing of received information. The result will also include expansion in the data warehouse to accommodate the growing needs of the clients.
- Project Objectives
By the end of this project, the company should be in a position to have data storage capacity not as a limiting factor in its operations, but as an opportunity to dominate the market. It is also expected that more advanced but efficient techniques such as cloud technologies in the organizational operations. This will aim at coming up with more specific and elaborate project designs to be used on the daily operations of the organization. The project also seeks to put into efficient use, the human and material resources for the ultimate goals of client satisfaction and high service quality.
Project Resources
The running of this project will be based on available and other outsourced resources that will be necessary to match the user needs to the overall project management scope.
- Human Resources
There will be a project manager that will be assigned the duties of overseeing into the progress levels of the project. The professional staff will comprise of advisors and technicians that will see into the overall activities that will enable the running of the project (Taylor, 2008). The other possibility will be that of having a financial analyst that will help in evaluating the project suitability and feasibility based on financial constraints.
- Financial Resources
This is the most critical part of any given projected plan. For the context of our project, the firm will have to partner with reliable service providing company to agree on the terms and conditions that will be needed. The payments and expenditures are likely to be done in forma of annuities from the time of the project’s start to the ending period (Marco, 2000). There will be resources from the organizational reserves that will be used in the funding of important activities of the project.
- Outsourced Resources
Due to limitation of resources from within the young organization, the company is likely to include the use of debt financing in carrying out the project. This is has been considered from a keen analysis of the debt: equity ratio of the firm, in the last financial period. It would take the organization a shorter time to pay off the debts that will be associated with the project. Important areas to consider will also include outsourcing of various personnel staff members that will see into the operations of this project.
Projected Constraints
This project will run for an estimated period of four years, and during the course of operations, analysts have put into consideration certain limiting factors in the course of operations.
- Time Constraint
Having been approved to go for a period of four years, there are many activities that are not likely to be completed. Review and maintenance of the project facility runs for an infinite duration and may not be estimated at fixed times. Induction of employees into the information system will have to be carried out, and these are not catered for in the time allocation plans. There is likely to be an overestimation on the expected duration to meet these additional time requirements.
- Financial Constraint
All resources are limited in supply, so is the financial resource. The outsourcing of funds from the banking institutions indicates that the financial resources are limited in supply, and will not be duly available at the start of the project. This will be due to processing time taken by most of the financial procedures involved in the transactions.
- Cost Constraint and Risk
The initial capital outlay will press onto the project’s financial position. This is always the most expensive part of the project. Additional cost elements such as insurance costs will have to be incurred in the running of this project. The project faces the risk of collapse on the event that these resources will not be availed at the required and speculated time.
Taking into consideration all the above business requirement details, it will be important to balance between costs, benefits, and the ultimate goals of this project. Full and successful implementation of the activities of the project will ensure full customer satisfaction and increased service provision of the organization.
Dinsmore, P. C., & Cabanis-Brewin, J. (2011). The AMA handbook of project management . New York: American Management Association.
Marco, D. (2000). Building and managing the meta data repository: A full lifecycle guide . New ork, NY [u.a.: Wiley.
Taylor, J. (2008). Project scheduling and cost control: Planning, monitoring and controlling the baseline . Ft. Lauderdale, Fla: J. Ross Pub.
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- Enrollment System Complete Capstone Documentation
Table of Contents
Project Context
Purpose and description, objective of the study, scope and limitations of the study, technical background, chapter iii, requirements analysis and documentation, system functionality, software requirements, hardware requirements, peopleware recommendation.
INTRODUCTION
The advent of computer technology has opened a new chapter in technological advances which makes computers become part of everyday life. Computers make all lives easier so that all can live good lives. Computers are everywhere at work, at school, and at home. The educational system has taken advantage of the technology in teaching and learning, processing data, record keeping, and in their enrollment system.
Enrollment systems are used in recording a student’s information. A well built one will reduce the load on the people that normally have to-do all the work. Enrollment system is useful especially when the school retrieves the important information from the student. In the enrollment system, the school can trace what are the standings of the students. The manual enrollment system in a school can lead to inaccurate evaluation of student performance, loss of student records, inaccurate reports, and slow enrollment processing. Students will be confused on what they should do and how they will do to be able to enroll. It is extremely useful in the school in a way of making the processes of enrolling much easy.
The School is using the traditional way in their enrollment process. There are Three Thousand students enrolled in four (4) year levels. The population of the school increases every year such that the manual system of enrolment and student record keeping are consuming too much time to the teachers or enrolling officer.
In this study, the researchers aim to develop a fast, accurate and reliable computer-based enrollment system for the administration, faculty and staff of School that will speed up the enrollment process, facilitate and secure students’ record, minimize the effort exerted by the enrolling officer in updating students information, provide reliable record keeping facility, and provide accurate enrollment summary report.
The present system of the school is done manually such as the enrollment system, and record keeping. From the start of the school’s operation, they use the manual system.
During the enrollment period, students will go to the admission office and for requirements needed for the enrollment. The evaluator will then evaluate student’s grades in order to know what subjects are to be taken in the current school year and to know their status. A list of subjects that the students are required to take will be prepared by the evaluator. After getting the list, students will pay to the cashier for their PTA fee and other fees. The cashier will issue receipts to the students in order to clarify that the students had already paid. At the end of the enrollment period a summary of student’s enrollment will be prepared by the person in charge.
The manual updating of the student’s records slows down the admission process because the enrolling officer takes time to search and locate the records of the student in the filing cabinet. Delays in the evaluation of students because the enrolling officer takes time to check student’s previous grades and some of the student’s records are misplaced. Tallying of subjects also takes time because of non-organized student’s files.
For these reasons, the researchers were challenged and have decided to design and develop a computerized enrollment system that is fast, accurate, reliable, and easy to use. The proposed enrollment system is a good step for the school. This could be a great help to the people who are handling many tasks during the enrollment period by providing fast and easier access to information.
The main purpose of this capstone project is to develop a computer-based enrollment system that is fast, accurate, reliable, and easy to use. The proposed capstone project entitled “Computerized Enrollment System” will be designed and developed by the researchers for the administrators, faculty, staff, and students of School.
The features of the system will focus on: login/logout services, administrator’s module, registrar’s module, enrolment/cashier module, database maintenance, and help assistant.
Log-in/Log-out Services , refers to one of the features of the proposed system that will require authorized users to enter their user ID and password to be able to access their user account in the administrator’s module, registrar’s module, and enrolment/cashier module.
Administrator’s Module , allows the school administrator to manage sections, year level, school year (set active school year – used in current enrollment), subjects, faculty and staff.
Registrar’s Module , allows the registrar office staff to manage students credentials, view list of enrolled students, view student records and input grades.
Database Maintenance, refers to one of the features of the system wherein the administrator can update students’ records, manage data and transaction log files, and backup the system.
Help Assistant , which contains instructions on how to use the system.
The proposed project can generate the following outputs, these are: user’s log report, list of enrolled students, enrollment summary reports, payments and collectibles, and student ledger.
The proposed project offers several benefits for the school administration, office staff and the student which include the following: admission officer can easily update student record, evaluate students, provides list of student subjects, record payments, provides list of collectibles, and manage credentials such as Form 137.
This project will provide an enrolment database for the school. It will store student’s record such as student’s name, year, section, schedule, and school fees.
It may also be use by the finance department of the school for their school fees. The database is designed for use by staff and other authorized user in the registrar office to enable them to easily produce information required by the different people in the school. The database system will make the enrolment and collection of fees for the school easy and fast.
The main objective of the study is to develop a computerized enrollment system for School that would provide fast, accurate, and easy to use enrollment and record keeping system.
The specific objectives of the researchers in conducting this study are the following:
- To minimize the effort of the teacher-in-charge or the enrolling officer in updating student’s record.
- To speed up the enrollment process in all year levels.
- To provide a database for student’s files so that the enrolling officers would easily search, locate, and update records.
This capstone project will be limited only on the computerized enrollment system and record keeping of the school. The researchers will focused in gathering relevant data such as data of students, computation of necessary fees, handling of student grades, preparing reports, and generate student’s credentials.
The database maintenance feature of the proposed system will focus on adding, and editing students’ records, students’ grades, maintaining and managing table entries of users and user’s log; and monitoring of the changes done by authorized users in the system.
The proposed project will be implemented using client-server architecture and will employ the Local Area Network (LAN) connectivity. This is not accessible through the World Wide Web and only the administrator who has access to the Administrator’s Module has the full access of the different features of the system.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE/SYSTEM
This chapter presents the review of the related literature and studies and the technical background of which will discuss the technicality of the project, details of the technologies to be used and the relevance of the project.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE/SYSTEMS
Computerized Enrollment System
( http://www.studymode.com/essays/Computerized-Enrollment-Thesis-927388.html )
Record Keeping
According to Chifwepa (2009) records have a dual function. Not only do they enable a school to have a clear picture of what is available and what is required, but they also provide justification of certain needs. Furthermore, they serve to extend the memory by which persons and/or organizations can pass their cultures and achievements on to future generations. Record keeping is vital to an education system’s information cycle as a whole, because of its fundamental role in the process of efficient information production and collection. Since some of the most crucial information is produced at the school level, the importance of creating a systematic record-keeping culture at that level cannot be stressed enough. ( http://www.adeanet..org/adeaPortal )
Importance of Record Keeping
In the study conducted by Adebowale and Osuji (2008) it investigated the record keeping practices of primary school teachers in selected local government areas in Ondo state of Nigeria. Data were collected with a questionnaire titled “Questionnaire on Record Keeping Practices of Primary School Teachers” and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings showed that although the teachers were familiar with some principles of record keeping they were not proficient in most of the operational procedures and did not demonstrate the knowledge of using record keeping to further the development of teaching and learning activities. Equipments that could be used for safe keeping of records were not available. Recognizing the importance of record keeping towards the successful implementation of the country’s Universal Basic Education programme, the researchers recommend that teachers should be given regular in-service training in record keeping and retrieval. Development of record keeping skills should also be included in teacher preparation programmes. ( https://www4.nau.edu/cee/jep/journals.aspx?id=183 )
Student Information System
According to Schoolcomputing.wikia.com (2012) Student Information Systems (SIS) manages student records and information. A SIS may handle course management, scheduling, personnel records, grades/comments, room/resource management and more. They can be used to run complex enrollment reports, admissions, course schedules, grades and more. A SIS helps schools manage various operations including student data, administrative, and fundraising operations. A SIS allows for the quick and accessible flow of information. By implementing a SIS to manage daily school needs, teachers and administrators can save time and have immediate access to a variety of student data. These systems are needed for all parties involved in education – parents, children, teachers, administrators, alumni, etc. ( http://schoolcomputing.wikia.com/wiki/Student_Information_Systems )
The abovementioned concepts on the computerization of enrollment system and record keeping is relevant to the present project because these serve as foundation in the development of an enrollment system for the School that will minimize the time consumed and effort exerted by the staff in updating student records and record keeping. The concepts also point to the features of the present study such as the users’ module and database maintenance that will be integrated by the developers in the proposed system.
The concept on record keeping, importance of record keeping, and its fundamental role in the process of efficient information production and collection is used as basis by the researchers in the formulation of the general objectives and important factors to be considered in designing the features that should be included in the development of the proposed enrollment system.
The related studies on the managing of records and information, and record keeping practices provide details and evidence that guide the researchers on how to design and develop an effective enrollment and record keeping tool.
The existing enrollment system of the School is manually done. The school does not have an existing technology that is essential and necessary for fast and easy enrollment and record keeping process and generation of reports.
For implementation of the proposed system, the school needs to acquire computer units, machine for printing results, and set-up Local Area Network connectivity.
Using the computerized enrolment system and taking advantage of the technology in processing data, record keeping, and in their enrollment system will provide an effective means of processing information and record keeping for the school.
The proposed system shall be installed on a main server and may have a back-up server in case the main server malfunctions. The Microsoft Server 2003 Enterprise Edition will be used as operating system for the server for running applications such as networking and databases. A software firewall shall be configured in the main server and other computers to protect it from viruses.
In the development of the new software, the researchers will utilize the Modified Waterfall Model.
METHODOLOGY
This chapter deals with the method and technique used by the researchers in conducting the study, the system development method, and its results and discussion.
The researchers will utilize different data gathering techniques in the conduct of this capstone project and will employ different analytical tools to help and justify the conduct of the study. The data gathering techniques will allow researchers to identify the problems encountered by the administration and staff of the school in the existing system. The analytical tools include interview, observation and brainstorming. The data gathered will be analyzed and used as bases in the system design and development of the system.
An interview is a conversation between two people (the interviewer and the interviewee) where questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain information from the interviewee. Observation is either an activity of a living being, such as a human, consisting of receiving knowledge of the outside world through the senses, or the recording of data using scientific instruments. The term may also refer to any data collected during this activity. An observation can also be the way you look at things or when you look at something. Brainstorming is used to get as many ideas as possible from a group of people. Generally used to identify possible solutions to problems, and clarify details of opportunities and finding the solutions to the problem of the existing system.
On system development, the researchers will utilize the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method in the development of the system. The SDLC method is the process employed in the analysis and design of the system as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1.0 Modified Waterfall Approach Model
Figure 1 illustrates the Modified Waterfall Model that will be used by the researchers in developing the Computerized Enrollment System which is made up of several phases. These are the following:
Requirement Analysis . In this phase, the researchers will study how the system works, determine the user’s wants, needs and requirements, and recommend a solution. The researchers will interview the school administrator, registrar and finance department staff to find out system requirements. After the interview, the researchers will analyze the data, research on related literature and studies. It also involves developing estimates for the work to be performed, establishing the necessary commitments, and defining the plan to perform the work, and finalized the project plan.
System and Software Design . On this phase, the system will be designed based on the requirements needed in the system. The researchers will design the database model structure, link the database tables, design the data forms, and prepare the presentation of the project. The evaluation of the design and functionalities of the system will be conducted. The programmer will review and revise the design of the tables and forms of the system, and test the functionalities of the system. Data Flow Diagram (DFD) will be used to represent the flow of data in the system. Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) shall be employed as data model for the system. The programmer will create the source codes necessary for the system to be constructed.
Testing . This phase includes the process of evaluating a system or application, in order to check whether the application meets all requirements of the client and to detect the errors. Requirements such as software functions and features where checked to determine if it will work according to the specification. This stage ensures that the produced system is complete and performs efficiently, evaluate whether the software perform all activities after integration with the existing operating environment, and measure up the reliability and overall quality of the software.
Implementation . In this phase, the researchers will conduct the system dry-run and conduct training of the target users of the system. The users of the system will check if the recommended functions and suggestions of the users are met.
Operation and Maintenance . This Phase is to ensure the information system is fully functional and performs optimally until the system reaches its end of life. The Operations and Maintenance Phase comprises the following: management of changes to the system to support end users, monitoring of system performance, and performance of required security activities such as backups, and continuation of end user support.
Also, this phase will provide users with the documentation and training required to use the system effectively. Data Conversion will only occur once, but user documentation will be required. Deployment of the product will be carried out, on the hardware that is going to be used in production (on live systems). Deployment itself requires careful planning. Once the product is deployed, initial data will be populated, user training will happen.
The proposed system is entitled “Computerized Enrollment”, a computer software that enables authorized users to automate the enrollment system and record keeping of the school. The software will enable users to locate and retrieve relevant student information and credentials, and generate enrollment summary report.
The completion of the design and development of software will depend upon meeting the following goals and objectives:
- To provide a database for student’s files so that the enrolling officers would easily update records.
- To provide enrollment and record keeping software that is fully accessible through Local Area Network (LAN) of the school.
- To generate reports that is fast, reliable and accurate.
Administrator – The log-in and log-out services, one of the features of the system, will prompt authorized users to enter user id and password. The administrator is the only authorized user of the system who can access all the features of the proposed system software. It has a database that can be updated and maintained by the administrator.
Cashier – The cashier is prompt by the system to enter their user id and password. Upon successful login in the system, the cashier may view the enrollment statistics and students’ complete details. The cashier may receive payments and print receipt.
Project Plan
Before the software project is implemented, the researchers will prepare a project schedule that identifies the anticipated activities involved, management of resources and project plans showing the cost needed in the development of the computer-based enrollment system.
Design of Software and Process
After the gathering of data and identifying user needs through observation and interview as well as users suggestions the researchers will create a design for the system to be developed.
All the requirements of the first phase are being used to contribute in the successful preparation of creating the Computerized Enrollment System for administration and staff. This section will present the Context Diagram, Decomposition Diagram, DFD Explosion for administrator, registrar, and cashier, and Entity Relationship Diagram of the developed system.
Development and Testing
The Modified Waterfall Model, a model develops systematically from one phase to other in a downward fashion like a waterfall, is the system process model that the researchers will utilize in developing the system.
Testing will exercise the system in all possible ways. It includes initial testing and final testing of the new software. The new software together with the equipment and software should be tested prior to the delivery to help ensure that the system works as expected.
Requirements Definition Phase
Activities in this phase are the following: define system requirements, develop system process model, and develop application logical data model, estimate system workload, and identify strategies for training end users. During the Requirements Definition Phase, the researchers together with the beneficiary of the proposed system will work together to establish the architectural boundaries for the project, to establish criteria for measuring the technical performance of the system, and to baseline the requirements.
Please enable JavaScript
Software Requirements . The software development tools for this study are presented in Table 1.0.
Development Tools
Visual Basic
The developers used this software in order to develop the design and screen forms as well as to build the database and server for the Computerized Enrolment System.
Microsoft Access – For database Access manipulation, storage of records.
Hardware Requirements . The researchers presents the minimum hardware resources necessary for the CES and is presented in Table 2.0
Peopleware Recommendation. The recommendation of appropriate users for the proposed computerized enrollment system with specific task is given in Table 3.0.
Minimum Hardware Requirements
- Intel Dual Core or Higher Processor
- 512 MB to 1 GB Memory (Recommended)
- 80 GB, Hard Disk
- Dual LAN Card
- Standard Keyboard
- Standard Mouse
Software Developers:
Project Manager – Supervises and monitors the entire project activities and its development
System Analyst – Responsible for researching, planning and recommending software and system choices to meet an organization’s business requirements.
Programmer – Creates the source codes for the development of proposed system. Must be expert with the programming language to be used in the development of the system.
Researchers – Further researchers on the content and other studies related to current system being developed.
Recommended Users:
Back-end user:
Administrator – In charge of maintaining and managing the table entries of files; keeps the server up, running, and secure; keeps track of the log; updates the database, provides access to authorized users of the system.
Front-end users:
Cashier – One who have access to the payment and student ledger module and can receive payments and issue receipts.
Registrar – One who has access to the registrar module and can input and validates grades of students and generates report and student’s credentials.
System Process Model . The researchers present the context diagram and the decomposition diagrams of the proposed computerized enrollment system which show the procedures of each function, the users and the expected outputs.
Figure 2.0 Context Diagram of the Proposed Enrollment System
The context diagram in Figure 2.0 shown above illustrates the authorized users input to the system and the expected output information to the users. The target users are the following: administrator, registrar, and cashier. The expected outputs of the proposed system are the following: List of enrolled students, enrolled student complete details, student grades and credentials, user log report, enrollment statistics, and student ledger.
Figure 3.0 Decomposition Chart of the Proposed Enrollment System
The system has three modules, administrator’s, registrar’s and cashier’s module. The Administrator, will be provided a module to manage sections, year level, school year (set active school year – used in current enrollment), manage subjects, manage authorized users, and have full access to the system; Registrar, manage students (view list), manage credentials (form 137 etc), view all enrolled student, view student record (personal record, grades, subjects and teachers), grade input and validation; Enrollment/ Cashier, view enrollment statistics – enrollment, view enrolled student complete details (view subject, year-section and teacher)- enrollment, received payments, collectibles, payment list, manage fees and student ledger.
Database Model . The researchers present the database model by utilizing the Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) to establish the entity relationships of the related tables of the database for the maintenance of students’ record, enrollment details, grades, student credentials, and student ledger.
The administrator will manage the enrollment details which includes the following: section school year, subjects, faculty and staff and have full access to the system features. The Registrar staff will manage credentials, student record and grades. The cashier will view enrollment statistics, .receive payments, list collectibles, manage fees and student ledger,
Figure 4.0 Entity-Relationship Diagram
Implementation and Unit Testing Phase
The system or system modifications will be installed and made operational in a production environment. The phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the user. After testing the software, the researchers plan to integrate the Computerized Enrollment System to its respondents. The researchers will conduct a system dry-run and conduct training to the target users of the system. The target users will check and evaluate the system if the recommended functions and suggestions of the users were met. This phase continues until the system is operational accordance with the defined user requirements.
Integration and System Testing Phase
The various components of the system are integrated and systematically tested. The user tests the system to ensure that the functional requirements, as defined in the functional requirements document, are satisfied by the developed or modified system. The developed software will be tested to examine its functionality.
In the Initial Testing the software will be pre-installed. The new software will be evaluated by IT experts. The researchers will make a letter and will personally release the evaluation form to the IT experts using the McCall’s Software Quality Model Evaluation Form. The tabulation of the Software Evaluation Results follows after the system is evaluated.
Final Testing of the developed software will be conducted after the initial testing. In this phase, the researchers will make a letter to the intended users, by using the standard User Acceptance Evaluation Form by Scates et. al to evaluate the Computerized Enrolment System where in the target users are the one who will test and rate the developed system.
Operation and Maintenance Phase
After deployment, the system may include changes and enhancements before its decommissioning. The system performance is closely monitored to ensure that it is accordance with user requirements, and needed system modifications are also incorporated. The operational system is periodically assessed to determine how the system can be made more efficient and effective. Operations continue as long as the system can be effectively adapted to respond to an organization’s needs. When modifications or changes are identified as necessary, the system may reenter the planning phase. System operation includes user support to the end user or users which is an integral part of the election process operations. Users should receive training on how to use the system.
In the software life cycle, the maintenance phase is the last stage of the cycle. After the system passes the design stage and is implemented, the maintenance phase begins. The maintenance-phase consists of maintenance-tasks to keep the system up and running. Understanding the characteristics of the maintenance phase of the software allows individual tasks with analyzing the performance of the software after deployment to correctly resolve issues that arise. Maintenance is always necessary to keep system usable and useful.
System Prototype
This portion presents the needed report layouts and screen forms of the developed system.
Report Layouts . The researchers will provide hard copy documents for the new system such as user log report, list of enrolled students, student grades, form-137, enrollment statistics, and enrolled student complete details.
Screen Forms . The researchers will present the screenshot layouts of system to give readers an idea on what the system looks like.
Implementation Plan and Result
The system or system modifications are installed and made operational in a production environment. The phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the user. This phase continues until the system is operating in production in accordance with the defined user requirements.
The researchers plan to integrate the enrollment and record keeping system “Computerized Enrollment System” to administrators and staff after conducting the initial testing and final testing of the software.
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Capstone Projects
The Capstone is a culminating academic project experience that is completed within the confines of a semester-length course. Several Master of Liberal Arts (ALM) fields either require a capstone or offer the option to pursue one. In addition to the information below, review Guide to the ALM Capstone Project website.
Types of Capstones
We offer two forms of capstone: Capstone Course (faculty directed) and Capstone Independent Project (student directed).
Capstone Course–Faculty Directed
For the ALM fields of anthropology, biotechnology, creative writing and literature, cybersecurity, data science, English, government, history, information management systems, international relations, management, math for teaching, psychology, religion, and software engineering, capstones are courses designed by faculty members who bring together, in a structured syllabus, all the key learning outcomes of the field of study.
Our cybersecurity, data science, and management capstones ordinarily have a real-world industry partner as the client for your capstone research.
While our creative writing capstone allows for ample room to work on individual artistic projects, but with the added benefit of weekly engagement with peers and the instructor–a supportive writer’s community.
Every effort is made to offer the same precapstone/capstone topics each year (e.g., human development, policy analysis, and social justice); however, topics are subject to change annually.
Good academic standing. You must be good academic standing to register for the capstone. If not, you’ll need to complete additional courses to bring your GPA up to the 3.0 minimum prior to registration. For detailed course description information, including specific registration requirements, such as credit minimums and academic standing requirements, use the Degree Course Search .
Tip: Register on the first day of degree-candidate registration to obtain a seat in these limited-enrollment courses.
Precapstones
The ALM fields of anthropology, biotechnology, creative writing and literature, cybersecurity, data science, English, government, history, international relations, management, psychology, and religion have a required precapstone course that must be completed with a grade of B- or higher.
Mandatory Sequencing of Precapstones/Capstones. You enroll in the precapstone and capstone courses in back-to-back semesters (fall/spring), with the same instructor, and in your final academic year.
Due to heavy workload demands, all your other degree requirements must be fulfilled prior to capstone registration. The capstone must be taken alone as your one-and-only remaining degree requirement. You cannot register in any other courses along with the capstone.
It is critical that you draw upon your entire ALM training to produce a project worthy of a Harvard degree by committing to full-time study in the capstone.
Attempts . You have a maximum of two attempts at the precapstone course to earn the required grade of B- or higher. If after two attempts, you have not fulfilled the requirement (a WD grade is considered an attempt), your degree candidacy will expire. If by not passing the precapstone you fall into poor academic standing, you will need to take additional degree-applicable courses to return to good standing before enrolling in the precapstone for your second and final time.
The second attempt policy is only available if your five-year, degree-completion deadline allows for more time. If you attempt to complete the precapstone in your final year and don’t pass (including a WD grade), your candidacy will automatically expire.
For detailed course description information, visit the Degree Course Search .
Capstone Independent Project–Student Directed
For global development practice, digital media design, journalism, museum studies, and sustainability, capstones are client-based or independent research projects focused on a current issue or problem that has become compelling for you during your course of study. The project represents your academic passion and professional interest. You complete the research individually (journalism) or in a classroom setting with fellow candidates (all other fields).
Journalism candidates should scroll down to Journalism Capstone. The following applies to:
- Global Development Practice
- Digital media design
- Museum studies
- Sustainability
Registration in the capstone for the above fields has the following prerequisites: (1) your specific research project must be approved several months in advance (prior to enrolling in the precapstone tutorial), (2) you must successfully complete the precapstone tutorial, and (3) the capstone must be your final, one-and-only remaining degree requirement. You cannot register for any other courses along with the capstone.
There are two major steps to obtain project approval.
Step one: obtain advice right away. Once admitted to the program, meet with your research advisor early and often about your initial capstone research interests. He or she can provide support as well as course selection advice as you develop preliminary ideas. Please note that while every effort is made to support your capstone interest, guidance is not available for all possible projects. Therefore, revision or a change of capstone topic may be necessary.
- For museum studies your capstone will have a main focus on (1) business of museums, (2) collections care, (3) exhibition design, (4) museum education, or (5) technology. Whatever focus you choose, you must have at least two courses completed in that area before enrolling in the precapstone tutorial. If not, your enrollment will not be approved.
- Due to the highly technical nature of their projects, digital media students must meet with their research advisor, Dr. Hongming Wang, to discuss their capstone topics according to the following schedule. Between January 2 and February 15 for summer precapstone and between May 1 and July for the fall precapstone. Appointments can be scheduled through the Degree Candidate Portal.
- Step two: register for the noncredit tutorial. The semester before capstone registration (no earlier), you are required to (1) enroll in the noncredit Precapstone tutorial, (2) visit the Guide to the ALM Capstone Project website to read through the tutorial guidelines, and (3) submit your prework by the required deadline (see below in bold).
Prework demonstrates that you have done enough prior reading and research on your topic to begin the capstone proposal process. Registration in the tutorial is limited to degree candidates who submit quality prework. If your prework is not approved, you will need to spend time revising in order to re-submit for the next offering of the tutorial, if your five-year, degree-completion deadline allows.
Once registered in the noncredit tutorial, you will receive guidance and mentoring while you iterate on your individual capstone proposal until the document reaches a satisfactory quality. The tutorial is not a course in the traditional sense. You work independently on your proposal with your research advisor by submitting multiple proposal drafts and scheduling individual appointments (ordinarily, during the hours of 9-5). You need to make self-directed progress on the proposal without special prompting from the research advisor. While the tutorial is noncredit, your due diligence throughout the semester is required.
If you do not have a proposal that is close to being approved by the semester’s withdrawal deadline, you’ll need to withdraw from the tutorial, delay capstone registration, and re-take the capstone proposal tutorial again in a future semester, if your five-year, degree-completion deadline allows.
- For the fall capstone, you complete the proposal tutorial during the prior summer term: Register for the Summer Precapstone tutorial March 1. Submit the first draft of the preproposal between March 1 and May 15 . Actively participate in the tutorial during the summer and end the term with an approved proposal. Register and complete capstone in fall.
- For the spring capstone, you complete the proposal tutorial during the prior fall term: Register for the Fall Precapstone tutorial when registration opens in mid-July. Submit the first draft of the preproposal between July 18 and August 1 . Actively participate in the tutorial during the fall and end the term with an approved proposal. Register and complete the capstone in spring.
- For the summer capstone, you complete the proposal tutorial during the prior spring: Register for the spring Precapstone tutorial when registration open in early November. Submit the first draft of the preproposal between November 7 and January 2 . Actively participate in the Capstone Proposal Tutorial during the spring and end the term with an approved proposal. Register and complete capstone in summer. This sequence (spring tutorial, summer capstone) is required for international students who need a student visa.
Please note that not all fields offer a capstone each term. Refer to your field’s Degree Course Search for the schedule.
Human Subjects
If your capstone will involve the use of human subjects (e.g., subject interviews, surveys, observations), review the Human Subjects section on the Guide to the ALM Capstone Project website to learn Harvard University’s Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval process.
Journalism Capstone
The course, JOUR E-599 , entails a portfolio of several related stories that are completed over the course of one semester. You apply knowledge and skills obtained in the program to complete a significant journalism project under the direction of a professional in the field. Over the course of the capstone semester, you’ll conduct an in-depth investigation of a single topic and emerge with a portfolio of new work suitable for publishing, posting, or broadcasting.
You can register for the capstone once you complete 36 credits, and you work independently to complete the project within a semester timeframe. The capstone can be, and often is, completed at a distance.
To begin the capstone approval process, you schedule an appointment with your research advisor, June Erlick, ( [email protected]) , to discuss your capstone ideas.
While every effort is made to support your capstone interest, guidance is not available for all possible projects. Therefore, revisions or a change of capstone topic may be necessary before it is approved. As in all traditional journalism, projects must take a fair and balanced view by bringing in differing points of view. Projects should not be one-sided or take an advocacy stance.
Once a topic is approved, you submit the first draft of your capstone proposal (visit the Guide to the ALM Capstone Project website to read the Crafting the Capstone Proposal specific guidelines). Ms. Erlick supports you through the fine tuning of the proposal and works with the Journalism program office to identify a capstone director.
A capstone director is a journalism instructor or professional in the field who has expertise relevant to your capstone topic. The final decision about who will serve as director is made by the Journalism program office; however, you are welcome to request a particular instructor. However, we ask that you not contact an instructor directly prior to capstone approval.
You are expected to work independently on your project with support and direction from the director. The capstone director will meet with you several times over the semester to answer questions, discuss your progress, read drafts, and offer feedback. The director also grades the final project.
Journalism Timeline
- Fall capstone: Meet to discuss capstone ideas by May 1. Submit first draft of capstone proposal by June 1.
- Spring capstone: Meet to discuss capstone ideas by September 1. Submit first draft of capstone proposal by October 1.
- Summer capstone: Meet to discuss capstone ideas by February 1. Submit first draft of capstone proposal by March 1
Final Capstone Grade
You need to earn a grade of B- or higher to earn degree credit for the capstone. If you earn a grade below a B– (including a WD), you will need to petition the Administrative Board for permission to enroll in the capstone for one final time. The petition process is only available if your five-year, degree-completion deadline allows for more time. Your candidacy will automatically expire if you do not successfully complete the capstone requirement by your required deadline.
If approved for a second attempt, you may be required to repeat the precapstone course or the non-credit precapstone tutorial. Please note that you cannot choose a different precapstone/capstone sequence to gain additional (more than two) attempts at fulfilling the capstone requirement for your degree.
If by not passing the capstone you fall into poor academic standing, you’ll need to take additional degree-applicable courses to return to good standing before enrolling in the capstone for your second and final time. This is only an option if your five-year, degree-completion deadline allows for more time to take additional courses.
The Board only reviews cases in which extenuating circumstances prevented the successful completion of the capstone.
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How To Write A Capstone Project Outline: Steps and Example
18 Dec 2021
Quick Navigation
❓Definition
📑Types of Capstone Projects
✍️Choosing a Topic
📃Capstone Project Outline
✒️Outline Example
📌Mistakes to Avoid
Working on a capstone project requires a lot of effort. To write this assignment successfully, the first stage of the process is to develop an outline for this type of paper. With the capstone project outline, students can write the right structure for their paper. Are you unaware of how to write it or just need a clear example or a capstone project template with proper formats? Or do you want to learn what to include in the outline? You've come to the right place. This piece will teach you everything you need to know about these outlines.
What Is Capstone Project?
It is a vital part of most courses in universities. You may have heard of it from the older students. The form of it can vary, but the main ideas are always similar. Generally, it is research conducted by a defined group of students to find and come up with a solution for some actual issues that happened in the world. It is crucial to take this seriously, as such a unique chance to have all the tools and supervision of the best professors on the way to finding a proposal for the issue is rare. Of course, it is time-consuming and stressful, but the reward part after the proposal is sent is priceless.
This research is always the last task of the course, so the student has the opportunity to gather all the knowledge during the course and apply it to the capstone project writing. The main aim is to prepare future specialists for finding practical solutions for the real world.
In simple terms, what is the capstone project ? This is a type of paper used to showcase the level of the skills you have developed since the beginning of the study. This type is also referred to as a capstone project. It's a significant task that must be carried out with a high level of skill and proficiency. But what is its importance? Completing this paper is an essential part of your education program because it shows that you are a professional.
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Types of Capstone Projects
As mentioned before, they can be different as well as requirements. There are ones for junior students and senior students, and postgraduate students. Depending on the degree, there are such types of research:
- Developing the concept of a product, tool, or service
- In-depth projects
- Expositions
- Experiments
As they vary, they can be conducted individually or in a group. The main thing is that the instructor has to review the final capstone project proposal at the finishing stage.
Choosing a Topic
The best advice is to pick an area you are genuinely interested in. Otherwise, there is no point in research. The process is long, and the demands are high. There is some general advice on how to choose the theme for the research project format.
- Avoid broad subjects that objectively cannot be managed in a given time. If your theme appears too wide, you will have hardship covering all the necessary issues.
- Moreover, beware of too narrow subjects, as you may have difficulty finding relevant published articles and inspirations from other research made earlier.
- Choose themes that are suitable to your classroom background or career goals.
- Do primary research before deciding, as it is the only way to understand how the problem was covered and whether there are any solutions.
- Do not pick only one theme. Have at least a few paper project ideas to be flexible when obstacles appear.
- Be sure that the area of research meets the guidelines of the course. It is better to ask beforehand than change everything at the last minute.
Should you find the task of picking the theme too challenging, there's a way out of this trouble. You can always buy capstone project online and save time and effort while getting an excellent result. Using services of trusted platforms guarantees you high-quality and timely delivery.
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How to create a capstone project outline.
When you begin working on this format, it's important to keep in mind that the nature and formats of the written paper may vary depending on the faculty, the topic, and the goals for the writing papers. You can buy it online or find a written template to save some time, especially since a lot of effort is required. Starting from the contents, you need to create a capstone paper outline to help you structure your content according to your instructor's rules.
Without any doubt, a capstone study will simplify everything for you. Considering the importance of it, you must learn how to write it or use outline templates. So, how do you go about it? Take note of the following steps.
- Research how to write it, including developing the structure and the types of outlines used for tasks like this. If you have previous experience creating designs and know what would best suit this project, you may skip this step.
- Decide on a number format to use in the study. If you are given a specific form, make sure you follow it. But if the instructor specifies no format, choose whatever works best for you. Furthermore, make sure that the design you have picked is suitable for readers.
- Next, select the preferable model. You can research how to create project outline templates online.
- Set up the structure for the headings and subheadings in the sample capstone project outline template. The number of titles and subheadings will depend on the nature of your paper.
- Split the headings and subheadings further. However, remember that you can make changes later on.
- Identify the content you intend to put into each section and fill it with texts, figures, and other illustrations. Don't forget to use citation styles and appropriate formatting. Your instructor may choose to provide the instructions for your project using different formats.
- When you are done, read it once more and try to make sure that each fragment is meaningful. You may also decide to rewrite incomplete pieces and find any logical mistakes.
- Finally, review for grammatical errors, fix them and check for plagiarism.
If you intend to take an easy route to all the steps listed above, you may get an example of the study summary and follow it. According to experts, the best approach to writing your culmination study is by starting with a list of papers you wrote, a list of studies you have undertaken, and an article you have published or assisted in.
For most universities, you will be required to write the title and intro page. If the case warrants it, you may need to rewrite these pages a few times. The title must be catchy, and the intro urges readers to go deeper into the text. The introduction should shift from specific to general terms. It should also focus on the research, topic, and possible methodology adopted in the paper. Before starting, check whether the presentation format will be needed. You could gather information during the research project and add points from existing materials step by step. Remember, that it is an important part and you better be prepared.
If you require a detailed plan to complete your outline, write out all the elements on the subject. When designing, keep in mind that you may meet or write some sections before others. However, the most significant thing is finishing the entire paper and taking specific steps like presentation preparation to make it possible. When all the outline sections have been properly written, it's time to start your project. You may ask someone to review your progress before proceeding with the entire paper.
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Example Of A Capstone Project Outline
It's almost impossible to come up with an example or templates that would be useful for every student in every school. There are just too many elements to take note of simultaneously. However, we can do our best by including some of the most common factors that you would find in any paper.
When compiling an outline, you can include the following chapters:
- A brief overview. Your resume should not be more than a few sentences, and it serves as the intro of the papers.
- Research that was useful in creating the paper. Here, you can mention the historical background of the subject in question. You may also add a table or list to illustrate your paper further.
- The executive summary of your study. The executive summary of your research shows the study's goal, how it's done, and everything you need to accomplish the capstone project.
- Essential details and information from your instructor.
- Description of the task. You should give a detailed breakdown of your paper and the steps you took to accomplish it.
- The summary or presentation.
These are examples of any culmination study contents. Still, the system can vary depending on the topic in question. Make sure that you carry out research and write down inquiries from your instructor to find out the outline that will be most useful for your project.
Mistakes to Avoid in a Capstone Project Outline
Coming up with an executive summary for this type of paper is a lot of work. As a result, people tend to make simple mistakes that greatly affect the quality of their work. However, many of these mistakes are avoidable, especially if you had examined the materials given like outline templates or academic project ideas existing on the subject. Apply academic thinking, find the information on the writing process as well as format requirements, pay attention to elements required for an assignment, check the research problem and the research question properly.
If you intend to make a summary, you need to look out for the following mistakes:
Avoid topics that require a lot of calculation. You may have difficulties coming up with the best type. You may find it difficult to make a reasonable strategy. When presenting these cases, the additional emphasis on numbers will bore listeners and prevent them from keeping up with what you say.
Beware of reuse, repetitions, and self-plagiarism. This means that you should note what you have included previously. Adding too many related headings may lead to self-plagiarism later in the project.
Never underestimate the meaning of capstone projects. It's common for many students to play down the importance of this type of project. As a result, they end up handling everything haphazardly. This type of action would greatly influence the quality of the final writing.
When writing, avoid using long sentences. Understandably, you may be intent on clearly stating your points most of the time. Nevertheless, long sentences will only make it tougher. Do your best to go straight to the end. This type of project doesn't require a lot of talks, discussion, or emphasis. The only things you need to display are your academic skills and proper sentences.
When you are done, take your time to proofread and edit the final result. Make sure that you never skip this stage. Proofreading will reveal any hidden mistakes that may ruin the overall quality.
Create a summary of your text
Many students find it difficult to write their project because it requires a big one. Some may even give up initially because they doubt their abilities. But this shouldn't be the case. If you can't handle any aspect of your project yourself, it may be worth hiring capstone writing services to help out. They will approach the creation of your outline from a professional angle.
The benefit of hiring this service provider is the level of success they guarantee. Professional hands will handle your project. They can prepare a top-class project for you with all the essential details within the shortest time possible.
This type of project is one of the introductory assignments college students will do before finishing their education. Considering the importance of a capstone study, the design must be created smoothly. The system can be confusing because there are different types of capstone studies. However, with the help of PapersOwl and understandable requirements for this kind of paper, it's possible to achieve something reasonable.
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How to Write a Capstone Project?
05 May, 2020
7 minutes read
Author: Mathieu Johnson
Depending on your professor, he or she may define a capstone project as a capstone experience, a senior exhibition, or a culminating project. All of these terms refer to the assignment known as the capstone project. So what is a capstone project? Good question!
If you’ve never had to do one before, don’t worry—you surely have the skills to complete it. According to The Glossary of Education Reform, this particular type of assignment is “…a multifaceted assignment that serves as a culminating academic and intellectual experience…”. Simply put, the goal of this assignment is to integrate a variety of skills and knowledge acquired throughout the length of an entire course.
Still wondering what is a capstone project? Here are a few more defining details. These types of projects are considered long-term and are assigned well before their due date. Students are often asked to select a topic of interest, conduct research, track their process, and create an original final project to share the entire process and findings. Capstone projects rarely culminate in a single paper. They often involve portfolios and/or a multimedia presentation of some sort as well as an oral presentation. Check out these capstone projects at Yale University.
While this type of assignment is for a single class, presentations may be presented in front of a panel of teachers or professors as well as community stakeholders. Capstone projects are long, involved, require a great deal of planning, and are often heavily weighted in a student’s overall grade. In short, they require students to demonstrate a wide variety of skills in a multi-stage assignment.
Related post: How to write a Research Paper outline
Capstone Project Outline
When you first receive this type of assignment, it’s a good idea to sit down and brainstorm a capstone project outline. Taking the time to map out your approach will save a great deal of time later. This type of project requires a broad range of skills including the following:
- Media literacy
- Independent work
- Oral communication
- Interdisciplinary
Identify any weak areas early and develop a plan to tackle them head-on. Most professors allow students to select the best presentation method for their capstone project; therefore, you’ll have the ability to select a final product that you’ll enjoy doing. This could mean creating a public service announcement or perhaps a pamphlet to be distributed at a local event. It could also mean presenting your research at an appropriate local event. The first step in approaching what is a term paper is to consider your final product. Once you’ve determined where you’re going, it will be much easier to plot a path to get there.
Once you’ve determined your final outcome, it’s time to create a capstone project outline. Brainstorm the best sources for research. Consider creating questioners for professionals in the field you’re researching and make appointments to interview them to get primary source information. Consider investigating multiple forms of information including newspapers, magazines, journals, and other informational texts. Consider the problem from various viewpoints to ensure that you’re covering all aspects of your chosen topic.
Next, you’ll need to organize all your research into logical groups to present it in some way. Whether you create a multi-media presentation, give a lecture, create a brochure, or air a PSA, the information will need to be easily accessible to the audience and accurate.
Related post: Argumentative essay topics
Capstone Project Format
Your capstone project format can take a variety of different shapes. Since each capstone project format may be different depending on the issue that you’re researching, it is very important to get approval for your idea from the teacher or professor. Before you begin any type of research, be sure that your project is in line with what the professor wants. Set up a meeting during office hours to review your goals, your approach, and your final product. Once you have approval, you’re good to go! Not sure how to approach your capstone project format? Here are some potential ideas:
- Creating a business plan for a product or service that would solve a current issue in the community; the plan will be presented and assessed to local industry leaders and community stakeholders
- Create an air a PSA concerning a local issue
- Write and illustrate a children’s book on an important issue; present the book to age-appropriate children and lead lessons on issues in the book
- Designing an app to help a specific population or address a specific community need
As you can see, a capstone project format can take a variety of different forms. While there is certainly writing involved in the “what is a capstone project”, the emphasis will be on the culminating project.
Capstone Project Writing
Once you’re finished with the capstone project format it’s time to get down to the capstone project writing. Depending on what your capstone project format it will depend upon the type of capstone project writing you’ll need to do. While some students will be focused on scripts and press releases, other capstone project writing will be more along the lines of formal reports or text for multi-media presentations.UTICA College has a great step by step guide for approaching all the parts of capstone projects. Whether you need to write a formal report or many smaller pieces of text for a brochure or oral presentation, the same rules apply. All capstone project writing should be grammatically perfect and well-organized.
Related post: Research paper topics list
Hopefully, this guide has answered basic questions regarding what is a capstone project. Remember: this type of assignment is meant to be a culminating activity. This means that it will rely on all the skills you’ve learned throughout the course to make it a success. Choose your topic wisely; you’ll be spending a great deal of time researching information, organizing it, and presenting it. Planning out your approach and setting milestones for your project will be essential to its success. You’ll need to avoid procrastination and work diligently throughout the duration of the project. Ask your professor and/or mentor for help; they will be invaluable resources during this important assignment.
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Try Smartsheet for Free. Project requirements templates can help you track work you need to complete. We've compiled the top templates for project sponsors, analysts, developers, and stakeholders, as well as for software, information technology, and small-project teams. Included on this page, you'll find a simple project requirements ...
Capstone Project Requirements Document.docx - Requirements Document Use this template to define the requirements for your approved project. 1. Name the Capstone Project Requirements Document.docx - Requirements... School University of Cincinnati, Main Campus Course Title CAPSTONE 22 Uploaded By devinwatters2016 Pages 1
Academic Projects Within VAPHS. Project Title Name Position Unit/Service Line Nurse Manager / Immediate Supervisor University University Advisor VAPHS Preceptor or Committee Member I am conducting an academic project (e.g. Capstone project, etc) in partial fulfillment of the following degree: MSN DNP Other. Please specify:
Chapter 1. Introduce your project here with a good opening line. You can start by comparing. their products, and on interacting with their customers. Afterwards, you can insert. information about the state of the modern era. Show how technological advancements. had been a great help in our society today. working on.
Business Requirements Document, Capstone Project Example Pages: 4 Words: 1205 Capstone Project This Capstone Project was written by one of our professional writers. You are free to use it as an inspiration or a source for your own work. Need a custom Capstone Project written for you? HIRE A WRITER! Introduction
Although the most common way of completing a capstone project is to select from alternate projects can be explored in consultation with the supervising mentor and Capstone Project Committee. The completed project should bring together the student's theme, region, disciplinary studies, and professional experience.
Here are the list of Capstone Projects for Information Technology, Information Systems and Computer Science with ready-made documentation: WhatPix: Mobile Based Picture Guessing App Ticket on the Go: Mobile Based Event Ticketing App with Admin Panel Schedule Reminder Application using Hybrid App Development
Enrollment System Complete Capstone Documentation Table of Contents Enrollment System Complete Capstone Documentation Project Context Purpose and Description Objective of the Study Scope and Limitations of the Study CHAPTER II Synthesis TECHNICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER III Requirements Analysis and Documentation System Functionality
A culminating [thesis or capstone project] submitted to the faculty of Dominican University of California in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of [degree name] in [major] Location and graduation date: has 3 lines (NOTE: do not include the numbers): Dominican University of California; San Rafael, CA; Your graduation year (e ...
this document will be revised continually, include some indication of which revision of the document this is (for example, "Version 1" or "Version 2.3"). For this document, the cover page should also an acceptance statement: Just a statement near the bottom of "Accepted as baseline requirements for the project:" followed by side-by-side
Capstone Project
Capstone Projects. The Capstone is a culminating academic project experience that is completed within the confines of a semester-length course. Several Master of Liberal Arts (ALM) fields either require a capstone or offer the option to pursue one. In addition to the information below, review Guide to the ALM Capstone Project website.
You can research how to create project outline templates online. Set up the structure for the headings and subheadings in the sample capstone project outline template. The number of titles and subheadings will depend on the nature of your paper. Split the headings and subheadings further.
Capstone Project Documentation Format 2018-2019: All You Should Know Formatting, when writing capstone project paper , is of crucial importance if you want to stay compliant with your school's ...
The software will require the following hardware and software components to operate successfully: The system requirements have been rounded up to the nearest 0.5 GB, to be conservative. For example, if the measure of an application's required hard disk space to be 1.99 GB, it is recommended 2.5 GB of disk space.
Students are often asked to select a topic of interest, conduct research, track their process, and create an original final project to share the entire process and findings. Capstone projects rarely culminate in a single paper. They often involve portfolios and/or a multimedia presentation of some sort as well as an oral presentation.
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