multiple choice questions on logic and critical thinking

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Critical Thinking MCQs with Answers

Welcome to the Critical Thinking MCQs with Answers . In this post, we have shared Critical Thinking Online Test for different competitive exams. Find practice Critical Thinking Practice Questions with answers in Aptitude Test exams here. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Critical Thinking.

Critical thinking is the skill to analyze information thoroughly and make informed judgments. To engage in critical thinking, it’s essential to recognize your own biases and assumptions when processing information and to employ consistent criteria when assessing sources.

Critical Thinking Online Quiz

By presenting 3 options to choose from, Critical Thinking Quiz which cover a wide range of topics and levels of difficulty, making them adaptable to various learning objectives and preferences. Whether you’re a student looking to reinforce your understanding our Student MCQs Online Quiz platform has something for you. You will have to read all the given answers of Critical Thinking Questions and Answers  and click over the correct answer.

• Test Name:  Critical Thinking MCQ Quiz Practice
• Type:  MCQ’s
• Total Questions:  40
• Total Marks:  40
• Time:  40 minutes

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Logical Reasoning Multiple Choice Questions

Welcome to the captivating realm of Logical Reasoning, a world where critical thinking and deductive skills shine brilliantly. In this category, we present an extensive array of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) meticulously designed to not only enhance your logical reasoning abilities but also to ignite your passion for problem-solving and analytical thinking.

Within the domain of logical reasoning, you will embark on a journey that explores the art of problem-solving, pattern recognition, and logical analysis. Our MCQs span different types of logical reasoning, including deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning.

You will have the opportunity to master techniques for solving a wide range of puzzles, unravel intricate syllogisms, and construct sound logical arguments.

Whether you are preparing for competitive exams, interviews, or simply seeking to boost your cognitive skills for everyday life, our questions provide the ideal platform to sharpen your logical reasoning prowess and unlock your full potential.

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• Critical Thinking Tests

Critical Thinking Test Practice ▷ Free Critical Reasoning Samples & Tips 2024

Start Preparing for Your Critical Thinking Test.  This page features a brief introduction, followed by question examples with detailed explanations, and a free test sample.

Table of Contents :

✻  What is a Critical Thinking Test ?

✻  Sample Questions

Related links

✻  Free Critical Thinking Practice Test

✻  Watson Glaser Practice Test

What Is Critical Thinking?

Critical thinking, also known as critical reasoning, is the ability to assess a situation and consider/understand various perspectives, all while acknowledging, extracting and deciphering facts, opinions and assumptions. Critical thinking tests are a sub-type of aptitude exams  or psychometric tests used in pre-employment assessment for jobs reacquiring advanced analytical and learning skills.

The Skills You Will Be Tested On

Critical thinking tests can have 5 major sections or sub-tests that assess and measure a variety of aspects.

1) Inference

In this section, you are asked to draw conclusions from observed or supposed facts. You are presented with a short text containing a set of facts you should consider as true.

Below the text is a statement that could be inferred from the text. You need to make a judgement on whether this statement is valid or not, based on what you have read.

Furthermore, you are asked to evaluate whether the statement is true, probably true, there is insufficient data to determine, probably false, or false.

For example: if a baby is crying and it is his feeding time, you may infer that the baby is hungry. However, the baby may be crying for other reasons—perhaps it is hot.

2) Recognising Assumptions

In this section, you are asked to recognise whether an assumption is justifiable or not.

Here you are given a statement followed by an assumption on that statement. You need to establish whether this assumption can be supported by the statement or not.

You are being tested on your ability to avoid taking things for granted that are not necessarily true. For example, you may say, "I’ll have the same job in three months," but you would be taking for granted the fact that your workplace won't make you redundant, or that you won’t decide to quit and explore various other possibilities.

You are asked to choose between the options of assumption made and assumption not made.

3) Deduction

This section tests your ability to weigh information and decide whether given conclusions are warranted.

You are presented with a statement of facts followed by a conclusion on what you have read. For example, you may be told, "Nobody in authority can avoid making uncomfortable decisions."

You must then decide whether a statement such as "All people must make uncomfortable decisions" is warranted from the first statement.

You need to assess whether the conclusion follows or the conclusion does not follow what is contained in the statement. You can read more about our  deductive logical thinking test resources here. 

4) Interpretation

This section measures your ability to understand the weighing of different arguments on a particular question or issue.

You are given a short paragraph to read, which you are expected to take as true. This paragraph is followed by a suggested conclusion, for which you must decide if it follows beyond a reasonable doubt.

You have the choice of conclusion follows and conclusion does not follow.

5) Evaluation of Arguments

In this section you are asked to evaluate the strength of an argument.

You are given a question followed by an argument. The argument is considered to be true, but you must decide whether it is a strong or weak argument, i.e. whether it is both important and directly related to the question.

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Critical Thinking Question Examples

As there are various forms of critical thinking and critical reasoning, we've provided a number of critical thinking sample questions.

You can take our full Critical Thinking Sample Test to see more questions.

Example 1: Argument Analysis

Read the following:

In a recent study, anthropologists surveyed 250 adults who own pets and 250 adults who do not own pets on their interpersonal capacities. The questions asked of both those who own pets and those who do not own pets included tests for 'computational requirements', that is, tuning in to all the little signals necessary to operate as a couple. While members of each group displayed outstanding interpersonal capacities, in general, the adults who own pets were much more empathetic than those who do not own pets. This indicates that people who are especially empathetic are more likely to adopt a pet in spite of the personal sacrifice and the occasional inconvenience than people who are less empathetic.

Which of the following is true?

• Most of the people surveyed, whether they own pets or do not own pets, displayed outstanding interpersonal capacities.
• The adoption of a pet involves personal sacrifice and occasional inconvenience.
• People with high degrees of empathy are more likely to adopt pets than people with low degrees of empathy.
• Interpersonal capacities entail tuning in to all the little signals necessary to operate as a couple.
• A person's degree of empathy is highly correlated with his or her capacity for personal sacrifice.

The correct answer is C

Answer explanation: In a question of this type, the rule is very simple: the main conclusion of an argument is found either in the first or the last sentence. If, however, the main conclusion appears in the middle of an argument, it will begin with a signal word such as thus, therefore, or so. Regardless of where the main conclusion appears, the rest of the passage will give the reasons why the conclusion is true or should be adopted. The main conclusion in this passage is the last sentence, signaled by the words, 'This indicates that people who are especially empathetic are more likely to adopt a pet than people who are less empathetic'.

Example 2: Argument Practice

A: No. Differential bonuses have been found to create a hostile working environment, which leads to a decrease in the quality and quantity of products .

This argument is:

The correct answer is A (Strong)

Schema of the statement: Differential cash bonuses (productivity↑) → workplace↑

Explanation: This argument targets both the action and the consequences of the action on the object of the statement. It states that the action (implementing differential cash bonuses) has a negative effect on the workplace (a decrease in the quality and quantity of products). Therefore, it is an important argument, one that is relevant for the workplace. Note that this argument does not specifically target differential cash bonuses. Still, they are considered a sub-group of the subject of the argument (differential bonuses).

Example 3 – Interpretations 

Proposed assumption: Vicki and Bill encountered a personal battle because they couldn’t come to terms with their disease.

A. Conclusion follows

B. Conclusion does not follow

The correct answer is B (Conclusion does not follow)

It is plausible that the reason people who suffer from sleep apnoea encounter a personal battle is because of an inability to come to terms with this disease. However, since the passage does not provide an actual reason, you cannot reach this conclusion without reasonable doubt. 

The most common type of Critical Thinking Assessment is the Watson Glaser .

Difficult and time-pressured, the Watsong Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) takes a unique testing approach that breaks away from more traditional assessments. To see examples, check out our free Watson Glaser practice test .

Our expertly curated practice programme for the Watson Glaser will provide you with:

• A full-length diagnostic simulation
• Focused practice tests for the different test sections: inferences, assumptions, deductive reasoning, interpretations, and arguments.
• 3 additional full-length simulations
• Interactive tutorials

Or learn more about the Watson Glaser Test

Critical Thinking Tests FAQs

What critical reasoning test am I most likely to take?

Very Likely the Watson-Glaser test

Another popular critical thinking assessment, Watson-Glaser is a well-established psychometric test produced by Pearson Assessments.

The Watson-Glaser test is used for two main purposes: job selection/talent management and academic evaluations. The Watson-Glaser test can be administered online or in-person.

For Watson Glaser practice questions,   click here !

What skills do critical reasoning test measure?

Critical Thinking can refer to various skills:

• Defining the problem
• Selecting the relevant information to solve the problem
• Recognising assumptions that are both written and implied in the text
• Creating hypotheses and selecting the most relevant and credible solutions
• Reaching valid conclusions and judging the validity of inferences

Pearson TalentLens condenses critical thinking into three major areas:

• R ecognise assumptions – the ability to notice and question assumptions, recognise information gaps or unfounded logic. Basically not taking anything for granted.
• E valuate arguments – the ability to analyse information objectively without letting your emotions affect your opinion.
• D raw conclusions – the ability to reach focused conclusions and inferences by considering diverse information, avoiding generalisations and disregarding information that is not available.

These are abilities that employers highly value in their employees, because they come into play in many stages of problem-solving and decision-making processes in the workplace, especially in business, management and law.

Why are critical thinking tests important to employers?

Critical thinking, or critical reasoning, is important to employers because they want to see that when dealing with an issue, you are able to make logical decisions without involving emotions.

Being able to look past emotions will help you to be open-minded, confident, and decisive—making your decisions more logical and sound.

What professions use critical thinking tests?

Below are some professions that use critical thinking tests and assessments during the hiring process as well as some positions that demand critical thinking and reasoning skills:

Preparation Packs for Critical Thinking & Critical Reasoning AssessmentsThe Critical Thinking PrepPack™ provides you with the largest assembly of practice tests, study guides and tutorials.Our tests come complete with straightforward expert explanations and predictive score reports to let you know your skill level as well as your advancement.By using our materials you can significantly increase your potential within a few days and secure yourself better chances to get the job.

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Are you about to apply for a role in the finance industry?

Several major banking and consulting employers evaluate their applicants using critical thinking tests, among others. Visit your potential employer's page to understand better the tests you are about to face, and start preparing today!

HSBC | UBS | Bain & Co | Macquarie | Morgan Stanley | Barclays |   EIB |   Deloitte |   Deutsche Bank   |  KPMG   | PWC | Lazard   | EY | Nomura | BCG | BNP Paribas |  Jefferies |   Moelis & Co

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Critical Thinking Multiple Choice

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1. Critical thinking is a natural process which requires no effort. A ) True B ) False

2. Critical thinking skills are important in... A ) school B ) home C ) civic life D ) work E ) all of the above

3. Logic is A ) useful in winning arguments B ) a fallacy C ) the study of arguing clearly and without error D ) all of the above

4. Perception is reality. A ) True B ) False C ) Only in the eyes of the perceiver

5. The perception process is typically outlined through the following three steps: A ) input, output, action B ) psychological, physiological, social C ) see, hear, act D ) selection, organization, interpretation

6. Since older people have more life experiences from which to draw, their perceptions are more accurate. A ) True B ) False

7. Which one of the following statements is true? A ) Assumptions are explicit rather than implicit B ) Assumptions must be avoided at all cost C ) Assumptions are the same as stereotypes D ) Assumptions can be corrected

8. Assumptions will generate new ideas that will help expand our viewpoints. A ) True B ) False

9. Once we have accepted a viewpoint as sound, we should A ) hang on to it and take for granted that it works in all situations. B ) periodically think about possible alternatives. C ) constantly question it, because we can't believe in the truth of anything. D ) none of the above

10. When engaged in critical thinking, it is best to leave out emotions.

A ) True B ) False

11. Our critical thinking skills are often vulnerable because of our emotions. A ) True B ) False

12. Ambiguity refers to A ) two or more possible meanings. B ) a characteristic of informative language. C ) a and b

13. The best way to present our reasoning is by using... A ) emotive language. B ) persuasive language. C ) informative language. D ) all of the above.

14. One of the following statements is an issue to be argued. Which one? A ) He moved to Detroit because his mother lives there and she needs daily care B ) Oscar Wilde's play An Ideal Husband first appeared in 1895 C ) Beethoven's symphonies are the best music ever written D ) She accepted a $90,000 a year offer to work at a prestigious software company

15. Identify the conclusion in the following argument: He is an inconsiderate person because he damaged my reputation unjustly and he refused to repay the money I had lent him. A ) he is an inconsiderate person B ) he damaged my reputation C ) he refused to repay the money I had lent him

16. The scientific method is based on A ) induction B ) deduction C ) both

17. In inductive reasoning, a hypothesis is a tentative conclusion that helps us organize ideas until we can come to a definite conclusion. A ) True B ) False

18. In deductive reasoning, a hypothesis is a tentative conclusion that helps us organize ideas until we can come to a definite conclusion. A ) True B ) False

19. In a fallacy, the conclusion is unwarranted by the premises. A ) True B ) False

20. Identify the fallacy: I implore you to find Mrs. Bobbit not guilty for mutilating her husband, since her home life was so horribly traumatic. A ) non sequitur B ) ad hominem C ) post hoc ergo propter hoc D ) slippery slope E ) appeal to emotion

21. Identify the fallacy: Since the ancient Egyptians did so much excavation to construct the pyramids, they were good archeologists. A ) non sequitur B ) ad hominem C ) post hoc ergo propter hoc D ) slippery slope E ) appeal to emotion

22. It is impossible to completely avoid biases, prejudices, and stereotypes in the critical thinking process. A ) True B ) False

23. When we are being defensive, we believe the most important thing is... A ) to solve the issue at hand. B ) to win the argument. C ) to gain new insight. D ) to keep an open mind.

Directions: Each questions or group of questions is based on a passage or set of conditions. In answering some of these questions, it may be useful to draw a rough diagram. For each question, select the best answer choice given.

24. In the 1950's sixty percent of treated cancer patients lived at least five years after the detection of the disease. Now, sixty percent live at least seven years after detection. This fact demonstrates that, because of improved methods of treatment, cancer patients now live longer after they contract the disease than cancer patients did in the 1950's. The conclusion of the argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?

A ) In the 1950's only sixty per cent of cancer patients received treatment, whereas now a substantially higher percentage does. B ) Free medical treatment is more likely to be available now to people who have no health insurance than it was in the 1950's. C ) Detection of cancer does not now take place, on average, significantly earlier in the progression of the disease than it did in the 1950's. D ) Physicians now usually predict a longer life for cancer patients after detection of the disease than did physicians in the 1950's. E ) The number of cancer patients now is approximately the same as it was in the 1950's.

25. Four people, A, B, C, and D are to be seated at a round table. There are six chairs equidistantly spaced around the table. A must sit two seats from B. C must sit next to either A or B, or both.

If D sits next to A, which of the following must be true?

A ) A sits directly across from an empty chair. B ) D sits directly across from an empty chair. C ) D sits two seats from an empty chair. D ) A sits next to an empty chair. E ) C sits next to an empty chair.

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Provides answers and explanations for 25 multiple choice questions related to critical thinking.

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