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• Botany, Ph.D.

The Department of Botany consists of 22 faculty members with about 40 graduate students pursuing M.S. and Ph.D. degrees.

Graduate students work with faculty and staff on a range of projects in plant biology at all levels of organization, from molecules, through cells and organs, to populations, communities, and lineages of organisms. Major research areas include molecular, cellular, and developmental biology; structural plant biology; ecology; evolution; and systematics. We also provide advanced instruction and opportunities for research in phycology, bryology, mycology, ethnobotany, paleoecology, conservation and restoration ecology, taxonomy, genetics, and physiology.

Increasingly, graduate student projects encompass two or more of these categories. Master's students may complete a non-thesis program in conservation or restoration ecology designed to prepare them for careers in environmental consulting, natural resource agencies, and nongovernmental organizations.

Students interested in fields bordering botany will find rich opportunities for course work, collaborative research, and seminars in many other departments and schools such as Agronomy, Bacteriology, Biochemistry, Chemistry, Engineering, Entomology, Forest and Wildlife Ecology, Genetics, Geography, Geoscience, Horticulture, Physics, Plant Breeding/Plant Genetics, Plant Pathology, Soil Science, Zoology, and the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies. Interdisciplinary work is encouraged.

Graduate study in the Department of Botany requires a combination of advanced course work, participation in seminars, and original research. Course requirements follow one of five pathways: general botany; ecology; evolution; molecular, cellular, and developmental biology; or the non-thesis master's degree in conservation and restoration ecology. The department encourages students to pursue independent research soon after arriving. In consultation with the faculty advisor, each student selects a pathway that includes courses and research topics related to his or her interests and training in the array of techniques and approaches needed to pursue research.

Please consult the table below for key information about this degree program’s admissions requirements. The program may have more detailed admissions requirements, which can be found below the table or on the program’s website.

Graduate admissions is a two-step process between academic programs and the Graduate School. Applicants must meet the minimum requirements of the Graduate School as well as the program(s). Once you have researched the graduate program(s) you are interested in, apply online .

The Department of Botany will consider applicants for graduate degrees who surpass the minimum admissions requirements of the Graduate School. Candidates for fall admission should submit their full applications to the department by December 1 to be considered for financial support. Applications may be reviewed until April 15. The general Graduate Record Exam (GRE) is not required, but if available, will be considered in the admissions process.  The GRE subject test in Biology or in Cell and Molecular Biology is not required but, if available, will be considered. Admission is based on the applicant's statement of purpose, undergraduate record,  letters of recommendation, experience in research, and the interests they share with one or more potential faculty advisors.

Graduate School Resources

Resources to help you afford graduate study might include assistantships, fellowships, traineeships, and financial aid.  Further funding information is available from the Graduate School. Be sure to check with your program for individual policies and restrictions related to funding.

Program Resources

Financial support is available to qualified graduate students in the form of teaching, research and project assistantships and fellowships . Typically, there are approximately 35 graduate students who hold assistantships or fellowships in the botany department. In addition, graduate students are eligible for a number of intradepartmental awards and grants .

Graduate students who have a teaching, research or project assistantships of at least a 33.3% appointment (approximately 13.3 hours per week) for a fall or spring term are eligible to receive remission of full tuition . Fellowships or traineeships that are payrolled through the university and that carry stipends equivalent to at least a 33.3% research assistantship also qualify for remission of nonresident tuition. Tuition remission is conditionally awarded at the start of the semester based on the expectation that actual earnings during the semester will be at least 33.3% of the full-time rate. All students pay segregated fees. The only exception is that fellowships paid through the Graduate School have segregated fees waived in addition to tuition. 

Assistantships and fellowships also provide eligibility for an excellent health insurance program , an extremely valuable benefit that provides single or family coverage that is more comprehensive than individuals can usually purchase on their own.

Teaching Assistantships

The most common source of support is a teaching assistantship. Historically, stipend rates for teaching and project assistants are governed by the Teaching Assistants' Association (TAA) bargaining unit.

To receive a teaching assistantship, candidates for admission must meet the following requirements:

• evidence (usually from the undergraduate transcript) of an appropriate background in the relevant subject matter of the course(s) to which appointment is being considered; 
• evidence (usually from letters of recommendation or verbal communication) of the candidate's potential as a teaching assistant;
• an undergraduate GPA of 3.0 or above (on a 4.0 scale); and
• for students whose native language is not English, evidence of competence in spoken English through the SPEAK test that is administered by the UW.  International applicants should note that a TA appointment is not normally possible during the first year of graduate study. 

Current students, who apply for their first teaching assistantship, are also subject to the above criteria, as well as their performance as a graduate student. Reappointment as a teaching assistant depends upon satisfactory progress as a graduate student, satisfactory performance as a teaching assistant, and completing the Equity/Diversity TA Training.

Teaching assistants may be eligible for University teaching awards , including the UW–Madison Early Excellence in Teaching Award, UW–Madison Exceptional Service Award, UW–Madison Innovation in Teaching Award, UW–Madison Capstone Ph.D. Teaching Award, and the College of Letters & Science Teaching Fellow. 

Research or Project Assistantships

Research and project assistantships are made possible by grants awarded to individual professors for particular research programs. Recipients are selected by the individual professor concerned. Availability of research and project assistantships varies.

Advanced Opportunity Fellowships

Advanced Opportunity Fellowships (AOF) are granted to the UW–Madison’s Graduate School by the State of Wisconsin and are combined with other graduate education funds to support the recruitment and retention of highly qualified underrepresented students in UW–Madison graduate programs.  Fellowships are competitive and merit based. AOF funding is intended to increase the racial and ethnic diversity of the graduate student population, as well as to support economically disadvantaged and first generation college students.  AOF fellowships are paid through the Graduate School by the College of Letters & Science's Community of Graduate Research Scholars (C-GRS) program.

External Fellowships

Fellowships from professional societies and outside agencies provide another important source of aid for which students may apply either before or after commencing graduate work at UW–Madison. If necessary, external fellowships can often be supplemented with university funds up to prevailing university fellowship rates.

All qualified students who are US citizens, nationals or permanent resident aliens of the US are urged to apply to the National Science Foundation for the pre-doctoral fellowship competition. Students apply directly to NSF; the closing date is usually in early November. Please check the NSF website for the application instructions and deadline.

Intradepartmental Fellowships and Awards

For more information on Intradepartmental Fellowships and Awards, please see the latest descriptions on the botany website.

Minimum Graduate School Requirements

Major requirements.

Review the Graduate School minimum academic progress and degree requirements , in addition to the program requirements listed below.

MODE OF INSTRUCTION

Mode of instruction definitions.

Accelerated: Accelerated programs are offered at a fast pace that condenses the time to completion. Students typically take enough credits aimed at completing the program in a year or two.

Evening/Weekend: ​Courses meet on the UW–Madison campus only in evenings and/or on weekends to accommodate typical business schedules.  Students have the advantages of face-to-face courses with the flexibility to keep work and other life commitments.

Face-to-Face: Courses typically meet during weekdays on the UW-Madison Campus.

Hybrid: These programs combine face-to-face and online learning formats.  Contact the program for more specific information.

Online: These programs are offered 100% online.  Some programs may require an on-campus orientation or residency experience, but the courses will be facilitated in an online format.

CURRICULAR REQUIREMENTS

Required courses.

A minimum of 51 credits in natural sciences (undergraduate and graduate program courses combined) is required. A minimum of 6 credits in graduate-level botany courses must be completed at UW–Madison. Seminars and research credits do not count toward the 6 credits in botany. Courses may be required to address deficiencies in the following: GENETICS 466 Principles of Genetics or equivalent; CHEM 103 General Chemistry I and  CHEM 104 General Chemistry II or equivalent; CHEM 341 Elementary Organic Chemistry or equivalent; a physics course including electricity and light; one semester of statistics; one semester of calculus. Contact the department for more information.

Ph.D. students complete a minimum of 32 credits while in residence at the UW prior to earning dissertator status. For students completing a Botany MS at UW-Madison, credits taken toward that program can be used to satisfy these requirements. These credits complete the following requirements:

• Courses required for their selected pathway (see below)
• Six (6) credits within the botany department (can also fulfill track requirements)
• Two (2) seminar courses (at least one in BOTANY; see full list of seminars below)
• Courses for the student’s minor field of study
• Courses assigned by the Academic Advisory Committee and/or the student’s Ph.D. committee
• Research credits (see full list of research courses below)

Each graduate student in botany selects one of the following pathways 1 :

General Botany Pathway 1

Ph.D. students must have one course from each of the following.

• biochemistry, cell or molecular biology,
• plant physiology or plant developmental biology,
• cryptogamic botany,
• plant anatomy or morphology,
• ecology, and
• evolution or systematics

1 These pathways are internal to the program and represent different curricular paths a student can follow to earn this degree. Pathway names do not appear in the Graduate School admissions application, and they will not appear on the transcript.

Ecology Pathway 1

Ph.D. students must have a minimum of five courses as follows:

• at least three courses (minimum of 9 credits) in ecology,
• one course in evolution, and
• one course in any of the following: systematics; cryptogamic botany; biochemistry, cell or molecular biology; plant physiology or plant developmental biology; plant anatomy or morphology; or genetics

Evolution Pathway 1

Ph.D. students must have a minimum of five courses, at least one from each of the following:

• systematics or cryptogamic botany,
• population or quantitative genetics,
• one course in any of the following: biochemistry, cell or molecular biology; plant physiology or plant developmental biology; or plant anatomy or morphology

Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (MCDB) Pathway 1

Ph.D. and M.S. students must have a minimum of five courses, at least one from each of the following:

• plant physiology,
• plant developmental biology or genetics, and
• one course in any of the following: ecology; systematics; evolution; or cryptogamic botany

1 These pathways are internal to the program and represent different curricular paths a student can follow to earn this degree. Pathway names do not appear in the Graduate School admissions application, and they will not appear on the transcript. 

Seminar Course Options

Research course options, graduate school policies.

The  Graduate School’s Academic Policies and Procedures  provide essential information regarding general university policies. Program authority to set degree policies beyond the minimum required by the Graduate School lies with the degree program faculty. Policies set by the academic degree program can be found below.

Major-Specific Policies

Prior coursework, graduate work from other institutions.

No credits from other institutions are allowed to count toward the minimum graduate degree credit requirement and the minimum graduate coursework requirement.

UW–Madison Undergraduate

No credits from a UW–Madison undergraduate degree are allowed to count toward the minimum graduate degree credit requirement and the minimum graduate coursework requirement.

UW–Madison University Special

No credits earned as a UW–Madison Special student are allowed to count toward the minimum graduate residence credit requirement, the minimum graduate degree credit requirement, or the minimum graduate coursework requirement.

This program follows the Graduate School's Probation policy.

ADVISOR / COMMITTEE

A major professor must be chosen as soon as possible after beginning graduate study and in all cases by the end of the first year. A vice major professor is required.

Students meet with an advisory committee before their first semester and with their thesis committee by the end of their first year to plan their coursework.

Students are required to conduct a yearly progress report meeting with their thesis committee after passing the preliminary examination.

CREDITS PER TERM ALLOWED

Time limits.

The doctoral degree is typically completed within five to six years.  This program follows the Graduate School's Time Limits policy.

Grievances and appeals

These resources may be helpful in addressing your concerns:

• Bias or Hate Reporting  
• Graduate Assistantship Policies and Procedures
• Office of the Provost for Faculty and Staff Affairs
• Dean of Students Office (for all students to seek grievance assistance and support)
• Employee Assistance (for personal counseling and workplace consultation around communication and conflict involving graduate assistants and other employees, post-doctoral students, faculty and staff)
• Employee Disability Resource Office (for qualified employees or applicants with disabilities to have equal employment opportunities)
• Graduate School (for informal advice at any level of review and for official appeals of program/departmental or school/college grievance decisions)
• Office of Compliance (for class harassment and discrimination, including sexual harassment and sexual violence)
• Office of Student Conduct and Community Standards (for conflicts involving students)
• Ombuds Office for Faculty and Staff (for employed graduate students and post-docs, as well as faculty and staff)
• Title IX (for concerns about discrimination)

Students should contact the department chair or program director with questions about grievances. They may also contact the L&S Academic Divisional Associate Deans, the L&S Associate Dean for Teaching and Learning Administration, or the L&S Director of Human Resources.

Assistantships are only available for thesis M.S. and Ph.D. degrees.

Take advantage of the Graduate School's  professional development resources to build skills, thrive academically, and launch your career. 

• Demonstrate a fundamental breadth of understanding of the basic properties of plant life from the subcellular to the ecosystem level of organization, and an ability to integrate acquired botanical expertise with knowledge of related disciplines including, but not limited to, mathematics, physical sciences, and other life sciences.
• Apply all elements of the methodological or theoretical framework within a specialized botanical subdiscipline to skillfully develop and execute original research, thereby demonstrating intellectual and technical competency appropriate to that subdiscipline.
• Achieve a professional level of proficiency communicating scientific research proposals and/or results in written format.
• Develop skills in oral presentation of scientific research data to peers and general audiences.
• Evaluate, critique, and apply critical thinking skills to the generation of hypotheses, analysis of data, and interpretation of scientific results in botany and related disciplines.
• Value and promote professional ethics in the collection, analysis, storage, and presentation of scientific data.
• Engage in critical and respectful debate, discussion, and exchange of scientific information among peers and audiences of diverse intellectual and personal backgrounds.
• Appreciate the importance of professional service.

Faculty: Professors Ane, Baum, Cameron, Emshwiller, Gilroy, Givnish, Hotchkiss, Maeda, Otegui, Pringle, Spalding, Sytsma; Associate Professor McCulloh; Assistant Professor Keefover-Ring; Affiliate and Adjunct Faculty: Amasino, Damschen, Spooner, Wiedenhoft, P. Zedler

• Requirements
• Professional Development
• Learning Outcomes

Contact Information

Botany College of Letters & Science botany.wisc.edu

Mark Connolly, Graduate Coordinator [email protected] 608-262-0476 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1381

Kate McCulloh, Director of Graduate Studies [email protected]

Graduate School grad.wisc.edu

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Department of Botany & Plant Sciences

Ph.D. Program

Phd in plant biology – areas of emphasis.

The Plant Biology Program offers a flexible program to accommodate a student’s academic interests and research needs. To this end a student can choose a PhD degree with one of three concentrations, which require a prescribed set of classes, or a degree in Plant Biology with no concentration and a self-selected curriculum. Incoming graduate students do three 7-week laboratory rotations to find a home laboratory and major professor.

All Plant Biology PhD students enroll in BPSC 200A-B (the Plant Biology Core classes focused on academic and professional development topics), one BPSC 240 seminar (2-unit in depth study of a topic in Plant Biology related to the degree concentration), and the BPSC 250 seminar each quarter in the program (student and invited speaker seminars).

PhD in Botany

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• California Botanic Garden

Claremont Graduate University’s MS and PhD programs in Botany focus on systematics and evolution of higher plants. The programs are offered in conjunction with California Botanic Garden , one of the nation’s premier research-focused botanic gardens.

Claremont Graduate University’s PhD in Botany is a research-intensive program with a robust fieldwork component. Located in a unique 86-acre learning environment dedicated to conservation of the state’s flora, program highlights include a botanical library, fully equipped molecular and anatomy laboratories, comprehensive herbarium, scanning electron microscope, greenhouses, and growth chambers. You’ll find abundant opportunities for hands-on research at California Botanic Garden , working alongside collegial faculty-mentors dedicated to advancing knowledge in the field. A seminar series addressing topics of systematic and evolutionary botany is offered weekly during each semester and draws attendees not only from our student body, but also from the biology research community, faculty, and students at nearby colleges and universities.

Botany students may pursue concentrations in the following subdisciplines:

• Comparative morphology
• Molecular systematics
• Monographic and revisionary studies
• Phylogenetics
• Plant anatomy
• Plant geography
• Population and conservation genetics
• Reproductive biology

This program is STEM designated, allowing international students who hold F-1 visas to apply for OPT work authorizations for a total of 36 months (an initial 1-year period and a 24-month OPT STEM extension) of paid work experience in the U.S. after graduation.

Program at a Glance

UNITS 72 units

*Program completion times may vary depending on course registration, units transferred, and time to complete other degree requirements.

TUITION Cost Per Unit: $2,020

COURSES BEGIN Fall

DEPARTMENT Botany

DEGREE AWARDED PhD in Botany

Featured Courses

Studies quantification of shape and its statistical analysis, as applied to diversity of plant form.

Reviews current knowledge of relationships among vascular plants and the data that underpin that knowledge, including morphology, anatomy, embryology, and palynology.

Provides a platform to participate in a semester-long series of seminars presented by outstanding visiting researchers.

Review and discuss phylogenetics based on the current literature.

Introduces current methods utilized for systematics analysis.

Spread across 86 acres in Claremont, California, the Garden displays about 2000 taxa of California plants and includes those native to the California Floristic Province as a whole. Nestled in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains, the Garden offers beautiful mountain vistas.

Faculty & Research

Lucinda McDade

Professor of Botany Chair, Botany Department Executive Director, California Botanic Garden Judith B. Friend Director of Research

Research Interests

Family Acanthaceae; Role of hybridization in plant evolutionary history, phylogeny reconstruction, and plant reproductive biology; Tropical plants; Systematics

Travis Columbus

Professor of Botany, Research Scientist

Agrostology (study of grasses), Plant systematics, Biological nomenclature, Phylogenetics

Naomi Fraga

Research Assistant Professor of Botany

Floristics in western North America; Plant conservation; Rarity and endemism in California; Systematics of Phrymaceae; Pollination biology

Mare Nazaire

California floristics, peatlands and wetlands, desert systems, alpine floras, systematics of Mertensia (Boraginaceae)

Request information about the Botany program

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Professor of Botany Chair, Botany Department Executive Director, California Botanic Garden Judith B. Friend Director of Research T: 909-625-8767 x220 E: [email protected]

Information for Ph.D. Degree

A general outline below covers information of completing the Ph.D. degree in Botany.

Please see the official requirements available in The Guide . The Botany Department Handbook , covers additional details about pursuing a degree in the department.

• Academic Advisory Committee Meeting
• Selection of Major Professor, Vice Major Professor, and Ph.D. Committee
• Selection of a Track
• Minor Field of Study
• Certification Meeting
• Completion of Coursework
• Teaching Requirement
• Annual Committee Meetings
• Written Proposal of Research
• Preliminary Oral Exam
• Admission to Candidacy for Ph.D.
• Annual Presentation of Research Progress
• Dissertation
• Presentation on Dissertation Research
• Final Oral Examination
• Time Limitation

1. Academic Advisory Committee Meeting

All entering graduate students meet with the departmental Academic Advisory Committee (AAC) at the beginning of the first semester, usually during orientation week. The AAC answers questions about the Botany graduate programs and advises the student on meeting general course requirements, making up deficiencies, and formulating a program that will lead to an advanced degree in the time allotted.

2. Selection of Major Professor, Vice Major Professor, and Ph.D. Committee

Students select a major professor, vice major professor and Ph.D. committee within the first year of graduate studies. The major professor is primarily responsible for directing the student’s coursework, supervising the student’s research and preparation of their thesis, chairing the Ph.D. committee, and monitoring the student’s satisfactory academic progress toward a degree. The vice major professor assumes the major professor’s duties when the major professor is unavailable. The Ph.D. Committee consists of at least 5 members: at least 3 Botany Faculty and at least 1 UW Graduate Faculty outside the Botany Department.

3. Selection of a Track

Course requirements depend on which of the four tracks in Botany the student selects. The four  tracks are: General Botany; Ecology; Evolution; and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology. Students select a track as soon as possible but no later than their Certification Meeting at the end of their first year of study. The Academic Advisory Committee or the Ph.D. Committee will advise the student on available courses that could fill track requirements.

4. Minor Field of Study

Students select a minor field of study prior to the Certification Meeting at the end of the first year of study and no later than half-way through their minor coursework. In all cases, the minor plan must be developed and approved in consultation with the student’s major professor, minor professor (if applicable), and Ph.D. committee. Minor options for Ph.D. students in the Botany Department are:

• Option A : The student takes courses in a single department/major field of study or to complete a graduate certificate program. This option requires the approval of the minor department or the graduate certificate program and the selection of a minor professor who serves on the student’s Ph.D. committee.
• Option B : The student takes courses associated with a particular focus from one or more departments. This option requires the approval of the student’s Ph.D. Committee and Botany Department Chair.

5. Certification Meeting

By the end of their first year of study, students meet with their Ph.D. Committee to determine if additional courses will be required or recommended for their major (e.g., courses for the student’s selected track, seminar courses, and minimum Botany credits) and for approval of their minor field of study.

6. Completion of Coursework

Ph.D. students complete a minimum of 32 credits while in residence at the UW prior to earning dissertator status.  These credits complete the following requirements:

• Courses required for their selected track
• Six (6) credits within the Botany Department (can also fulfill track requirements)
• Two (2) seminar courses, including one outside the student’s track and/or outside Botany
• Courses for the student’s Minor Field of Study
• Courses assigned by the Academic Advisory Committee and/or the student’s Ph.D. committee

See the UW Graduate School website for  minimum credit and grade requirements .

7. Teaching Requirement

At least one semester of classroom teaching experience is required of all Ph.D. students while in residence at UW-Madison.  Prior teaching experience and grader positions do not count.  Additional teaching experience is highly recommended.

8. Annual Committee Meetings

Students must meet at least once a year with at least 3 members of his/her Ph.D. committee to report progress, receive advice and guidance, discuss possible new directions or approaches, and be certified as making adequate progress toward the Ph.D. degree.

9. Written Proposal of Research

A written research proposal is reviewed and approved by the student’s Ph.D. committee. The proposal includes a project summary, a clear statement of questions and hypotheses to be addressed, methods and approaches to be used, the significance of the results expected and their relationship to ongoing research in the field.

10. Preliminary Oral Exam

The preliminary oral exam follows a presentation of the proposed research by the student. The preliminary exam is administered by at least 5 members of the student’s Ph.D. committee, including the major and, if applicable, minor professors. The committee will explore the appropriateness of the proposed research topic and approach, with the objectives of evaluating the student’s ability to propose a rigorous and significant research plan and providing advice for improving the research plan.

11. Admission to Candidacy for Ph.D.

A student is officially admitted to candidacy for the Ph.D. at the start of the semester or summer following completion of all DISSERTATOR requirements except for the dissertation and final exam.  To be eligible for dissertator status, a student must have:

• passed the preliminary examination in the major field,
• satisfied the Graduate School’s 32 credit requirement, and
• completed all major and minor coursework requirements.

12. Annual Presentation of Research Progress

After the achieving dissertator status, each candidate for the Ph.D. degree gives an annual public presentation of her/his research progress on campus.  

13. Dissertation

A written dissertation based on original research is required. The dissertation is reviewed and approved by the student’s Ph.D. Committee during the final oral exam and deposited with the UW Graduate School.

14. Presentation on Dissertation Research

During the final semester in residence, a candidate for the Ph.D. degree presents a departmental seminar on his/her research. This seminar is treated as a Botany Colloquium with a public announcement distributed to Botany faculty, staff and graduate students, and any other interested parties at least one week prior to the seminar.

15. Final Oral Examination

All candidates must pass a final oral examination administered by the student’s Ph.D. committee. The committee bases the final oral exam on the student’s dissertation and will test the student’s ability to:

• analyze biological problems and formulate effective research approaches,
• integrate and apply knowledge from a variety of fields related to his/her research,
• respond articulately to questions regarding his/her research and related fields, and
• demonstrate knowledge of recent advances and exhibit perspective on the history and philosophy of scientific investigation in his/her field.

16. Time Limitation

Normally a Ph.D. degree in Botany is completed within 5 calendar years of residency (four years if the student enters with a Master’s degree.)

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PhD in Botany in USA: A Complete Guide 2023

• Updated on  
• Aug 28, 2023

The USA is frequently mentioned as a top option for PhD programs. It is home to some of the most esteemed colleges and universities in the world, providing plenty of chances for your Ph.D. career, Pursuing PhD in the USA is also beneficial as the USA has a top-notch educational system, innovative experiential learning opportunities and ample resources. A PhD in botany in the USA is a STEM-classified, research-intensive program. The program includes environmental discussion and hands-on experience in research. Keep reading to find out more information about PhD in Botany in the USA. 

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About phd in botany, why study phd in botany in usa, top institute in usa for phd in botany , core subject for phd in botany , skills required to pursue phd in botany, english proficiency test , documents checklist , job prospects and salary, employment area , faqs  .

The PhD in Botany is a three-year Botany doctorate degree. A subfield of biology called botany specialises in the study of plants and how they coexist with other living and nonliving elements of their environment. The flexibility of this course makes the job alternatives stand out. The following are some examples of jobs that might attract students: Mycologists, administrators, ecologists, fruit growers, plant biochemists, foresters, etc.

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from the USA is considered the highest-awarded degree in many field for Studying Abroad . Mentioned below are some of the benefits of studying for a PhD in USA. 

• J ob opportunities : As a PhD Botany student, you have the option to work in a range of sectors, including the pharmaceutical business. Additionally, you can work in the government as a technical or field assistant. Many PhDs passed out, students in botany become professors and even work as scientists for the governmen t.
• Higher Salary: The average PhD salary in the USA is $102,407 per year or $49.23 per hour. Entry-level positions start at $81,864 per year, while most experienced workers make up to $140,000 per year.
• Job Security: There is a high demand for botanists in the USA, so you will have good security after the completion of your PhD degree in botany.
• Opportunities for Building Networks: The United States has a large community of botanists, and you have a good opportunity to build a network with great universities and research centres. 

There are several universities in the USA that provide quality education; here we have mentioned a few of the top institutions in the USA that provide a PhD in Botany.

There are some core subjects you can expect to cover when studying plant science, including

• Biochemistry
• Plant diversity
• Molecular biology
• Biodiversity
• Genetics and evolution
• Plant physiology
• Plant pests and pathogens

The following abilities are needed to obtain a PhD in botany in USA:

• Research Oriented
• Quantitative 
• Problem-Solving
• Team Player 
• Collaborative
• Analysis & Problem-Solving.
• Interpersonal and Leadership Skills.
• Project Management & Organization.
• Research & Information Management.
• Self-Management & Work Habits.
• Written and oral Communication.

Eligibility Requirements 

PhD program requirements depend on the specialisation of your field, but the general program requirements that are similar in most fields are as follows:

• Candidates who want to be admitted to the PhD program must have a postgraduate degree in botany or related science with at least 55% marks from a recognised university.
• You must have previous research knowledge in botany or a closely related discipline. This can be obtained through volunteer work, internships, or undergraduate research .
• A research proposal is one of the most important elements of the PhD program that US universities offer. It is a demonstration of your expertise in the field of study you are applying for.

The score of English proficiency tests differs from university to university; here is the eligible score to get admitted into a decent university in the USA.

Application Process 

To make your admissions process quick and easy, follow the below-mentioned points. Here is the application process for a PhD in Botany in USA.

• Selecting the subject for your research should be done with care. Additionally, knowing the subject in advance makes the registration process much simpler.
• You should always look for colleges providing scholarships and teaching assistantships to aid with your fees as PhDs can be rather expensive. Before selecting an institution, take into account the surroundings, cost of living, and extracurricular possibilities.
• Especially the bachelor’s or master’s degree, GRE (or GMAT), TOEFL (IELTS or another equivalent), LORs, academic records, and SOPs should be prepared before applying.
• Finally, submit your online application, send the colleges and universities of your choice the necessary documentation, and then wait for a response.

Here is the checklist of important documents that you need to submit at the time of admission to the PhD in Botany programme.

• Original Academic Transcripts 
• Valid Passport 
• Passport size Photograph
• Address proof
• Statement of Purpose 
• Letter of Recommendation  
• Application Form
• English Proficiency Score Card 

Career Scope 

PhD holders in botany or plant biotechnology may work at academic institutes, teaching, or doing research jobs with non-profit organisations or a government organisation in the agriculture or biotechnology industries. 

There are many places for Botany graduates to land. Public Sector positions include the Indian Council of Agriculture of Research, you can work as a Technical Assistant or a Field Assistant in the Department of Science and Technology and Indian Agriculture Institute. For a successful Botanist, there are a lot of career opportunities such as Plant Breeder, Horticulturist, Biological Technician and many more. The average annual salary offered for these positions in the USA ranges between US$40,000- US$50,000. 

In the United States, botanists’ pay varies according to their level of education, experience, and particular job responsibilities. The average annual wage for a botanist in the US is $83,000, according to PayScale. On the other hand, incomes might vary from $41,000 to $198,000 annually.

Top Hiring Partners 

PhD holders in botany can find employment with a number of different hiring partners. A few excellent American businesses are listed below:

After completing your PhD in Botany, you can explore various employment areas and kick-start your career.

• Biotechnology Firms
• Land Management Agencies
• Plant Resource laboratories
• Seed and Nursery Companies
• Oil Industry
• Forest Services
• Educational institutions
• Plant Health Inspection Services
• Chemical Industry
• National Parks
• Food Companies
• Cost of PhD in USA
• Top Universities in USA for Higher Education 
• USA Education System: All you need to know  

Ans: Here is the list of some top universities that offer PhD Botany Degrees in the USA  University of California, Riverside. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. University of Hawaii – Manoa The University of Wyoming. University of Florida. Oregon State University – INTO USA. Claremont Graduate University (CGU University of Wisconsin – Madison.

Ans. Here is the list of the best subjects for PhD in Botany:  Plant Pathology. Allelopathy. Plant Biotechnology. Environmental Botany. Cytogenetics and Plant Breeding. Advanced Plant Physiology. Taxonomy.

Ans. We are all aware that a PhD earned in India is accepted as acceptable around the world.

We hope this article has helped you understand the program of PhD in Botany in USA. So, if you are a graduate in science or agriculture and interested in learning more about plants in detail, then the PhD in botany is the perfect course for you. Reach out to a Leverage Edu expert to learn more about the course.

Aditya Saini

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The Botany Department is one of the largest and strongest plant-focused departments in North America with roots extending back to the founding of UBC in 1915. Our departmental community of more than 260 consists of 40 full-time faculty members, several part-time faculty or associates, about 100 graduate students, numerous post-doctoral fellows and research associates, laboratory technicians, and a support staff of secretarial, equipment, herbarium, stores, workshop and greenhouse personnel. Our graduate students are expected to make influential contributions to scientific discovery and discourse, engage in formal and informal teaching and mentoring, and progress to careers in academia, industry, government and non-governmental organizations. The Botany Grad Student Association forms an active group, organizing talks, study sessions, field trips and a variety of social activities. Recent Botany graduates have gone on to prestigious postdoctoral and teaching/research positions in Canada, the USA and abroad (England, China, Taiwan, South Korea, Germany, France, Sweden).

For specific program requirements, please refer to the departmental program website

What makes the program unique?

The Botany Department offers unparalleled opportunities for research and teaching/learning with faculty members at the leading-edge of their disciplines. Specializations within Botany range from molecular genetics to climate change impacts on marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Collaborations between Botany faculty and other departments including Zoology, Chemistry, Forestry, Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, and the Michael Smith Laboratories, bring a rich array of potential topic areas for research to Botany graduate students. State-of-the-art facilities for bio-imaging, as well as a world-class herbarium and access to living collections in the Canadian Centre for the Culture of Microorganisms, add to the overall uniqueness of the Botany program.

Besides the fact that UBC is located in one of the most beautiful places on Earth, I was extremely fortunate to find a lab here where my interests and my skills are an excellent fit.

Josef Garen

Quick Facts

Program enquiries, admission information & requirements, 1) check eligibility, minimum academic requirements.

The Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies establishes the minimum admission requirements common to all applicants, usually a minimum overall average in the B+ range (76% at UBC). The graduate program that you are applying to may have additional requirements. Please review the specific requirements for applicants with credentials from institutions in:

• Canada or the United States
• International countries other than the United States

Each program may set higher academic minimum requirements. Please review the program website carefully to understand the program requirements. Meeting the minimum requirements does not guarantee admission as it is a competitive process.

English Language Test

Applicants from a university outside Canada in which English is not the primary language of instruction must provide results of an English language proficiency examination as part of their application. Tests must have been taken within the last 24 months at the time of submission of your application.

Minimum requirements for the two most common English language proficiency tests to apply to this program are listed below:

TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language - internet-based

Overall score requirement : 92

IELTS: International English Language Testing System

Overall score requirement : 6.5

Other Test Scores

Some programs require additional test scores such as the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Test (GMAT). The requirements for this program are:

The GRE is not required.

2) Meet Deadlines

September 2024 intake, application open date, canadian applicants, international applicants, january 2025 intake, deadline explanations.

Deadline to submit online application. No changes can be made to the application after submission.

Deadline to upload scans of official transcripts through the applicant portal in support of a submitted application. Information for accessing the applicant portal will be provided after submitting an online application for admission.

Deadline for the referees identified in the application for admission to submit references. See Letters of Reference for more information.

3) Prepare Application

Transcripts.

All applicants have to submit transcripts from all past post-secondary study. Document submission requirements depend on whether your institution of study is within Canada or outside of Canada.

Letters of Reference

A minimum of three references are required for application to graduate programs at UBC. References should be requested from individuals who are prepared to provide a report on your academic ability and qualifications.

Statement of Interest

Many programs require a statement of interest , sometimes called a "statement of intent", "description of research interests" or something similar.

Supervision

Students in research-based programs usually require a faculty member to function as their thesis supervisor. Please follow the instructions provided by each program whether applicants should contact faculty members.

Instructions regarding thesis supervisor contact for Doctor of Philosophy in Botany (PhD)

Citizenship verification.

Permanent Residents of Canada must provide a clear photocopy of both sides of the Permanent Resident card.

4) Apply Online

All applicants must complete an online application form and pay the application fee to be considered for admission to UBC.

Tuition & Financial Support

Financial support.

Applicants to UBC have access to a variety of funding options, including merit-based (i.e. based on your academic performance) and need-based (i.e. based on your financial situation) opportunities.

Program Funding Packages

All full-time students who begin a UBC-Vancouver PhD program in Botany starting September 2022 will be provided with a funding package of at least $29,093 for each of the first four years of their PhD. The funding package may consist of any combination of internal or external awards, teaching-related work, research assistantships, and graduate academic assistantships. In addition to this stipend, PhD students will receive a tuition waiver for the first 4 years of their studies. To be considered for the tuition waiver, tuition must not be funded from other sources. Please note that all financial support is subject to satisfactory performance and annual review.

For further information, visit:

https://botany.ubc.ca/graduates/financial-support-info   

Average Funding

• 24 students received Teaching Assistantships. Average TA funding based on 24 students was $9,205.
• 32 students received Research Assistantships. Average RA funding based on 32 students was $10,929.
• 4 students received Academic Assistantships. Average AA funding based on 4 students was $1,084.
• 39 students received internal awards. Average internal award funding based on 39 students was $12,840.
• 9 students received external awards. Average external award funding based on 9 students was $16,743.

Scholarships & awards (merit-based funding)

All applicants are encouraged to review the awards listing to identify potential opportunities to fund their graduate education. The database lists merit-based scholarships and awards and allows for filtering by various criteria, such as domestic vs. international or degree level.

Graduate Research Assistantships (GRA)

Many professors are able to provide Research Assistantships (GRA) from their research grants to support full-time graduate students studying under their supervision. The duties constitute part of the student's graduate degree requirements. A Graduate Research Assistantship is considered a form of fellowship for a period of graduate study and is therefore not covered by a collective agreement. Stipends vary widely, and are dependent on the field of study and the type of research grant from which the assistantship is being funded.

Graduate Teaching Assistantships (GTA)

Graduate programs may have Teaching Assistantships available for registered full-time graduate students. Full teaching assistantships involve 12 hours work per week in preparation, lecturing, or laboratory instruction although many graduate programs offer partial TA appointments at less than 12 hours per week. Teaching assistantship rates are set by collective bargaining between the University and the Teaching Assistants' Union .

Graduate Academic Assistantships (GAA)

Academic Assistantships are employment opportunities to perform work that is relevant to the university or to an individual faculty member, but not to support the student’s graduate research and thesis. Wages are considered regular earnings and when paid monthly, include vacation pay.

Financial aid (need-based funding)

Canadian and US applicants may qualify for governmental loans to finance their studies. Please review eligibility and types of loans .

All students may be able to access private sector or bank loans.

Foreign government scholarships

Many foreign governments provide support to their citizens in pursuing education abroad. International applicants should check the various governmental resources in their home country, such as the Department of Education, for available scholarships.

Working while studying

The possibility to pursue work to supplement income may depend on the demands the program has on students. It should be carefully weighed if work leads to prolonged program durations or whether work placements can be meaningfully embedded into a program.

International students enrolled as full-time students with a valid study permit can work on campus for unlimited hours and work off-campus for no more than 20 hours a week.

A good starting point to explore student jobs is the UBC Work Learn program or a Co-Op placement .

Tax credits and RRSP withdrawals

Students with taxable income in Canada may be able to claim federal or provincial tax credits.

Canadian residents with RRSP accounts may be able to use the Lifelong Learning Plan (LLP) which allows students to withdraw amounts from their registered retirement savings plan (RRSPs) to finance full-time training or education for themselves or their partner.

Please review Filing taxes in Canada on the student services website for more information.

Cost Estimator

Applicants have access to the cost estimator to develop a financial plan that takes into account various income sources and expenses.

Career Outcomes

65 students graduated between 2005 and 2013: 1 graduate is seeking employment; 1 is in a non-salaried situation; for 5 we have no data (based on research conducted between Feb-May 2016). For the remaining 58 graduates:

Sample Employers in Higher Education

Sample employers outside higher education, sample job titles outside higher education, phd career outcome survey, career options.

Botany is the branch of biology that involves the study of the structure, evolution, properties and biochemical processes of all forms of plant life, including algae, fungi, ferns and trees. Also included within its scope are plant classification and the study of plant diseases, as well as the interactions of plants with people and the environment. A degree in Botany is well-suited to meet the challenges posed by biodiversity loss and impacts of climate change. Positions for people with botany backgrounds are usually in educational institutions, government and environmental organizations, and in the biotechnology industry including companies seeking new drugs and medicines, and useful genes for improvement of crop plants.

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Enrolment, Duration & Other Stats

These statistics show data for the Doctor of Philosophy in Botany (PhD). Data are separated for each degree program combination. You may view data for other degree options in the respective program profile.

ENROLMENT DATA

Completion rates & times, upcoming doctoral exams, wednesday, 17 april 2024 - 12:30pm - 3200, biological sciences building, 6270 university blvd.

• Research Supervisors

Advice and insights from UBC Faculty on reaching out to supervisors

These videos contain some general advice from faculty across UBC on finding and reaching out to a supervisor. They are not program specific.

This list shows faculty members with full supervisory privileges who are affiliated with this program. It is not a comprehensive list of all potential supervisors as faculty from other programs or faculty members without full supervisory privileges can request approvals to supervise graduate students in this program.

• Adams, Keith (Molecular evolution, genome evolution, and gene expression)
• Angert, Amy (Plant biology; Zoology; Biodiversity and Biocomplexity; biogeography; biological responses to climate change; Conservation Biology; Ecological and Ecophysiological Processes; evolutionary ecology; population biology)
• Berbee, Mary (Plant biology; Mycology; Evolution and Phylogenesis; Microorganisms; Taxonomy and Systematics; fungi; molecular phylogenetics; mycology; systematics)
• Bohlmann, Joerg (plant biochemistry, forestry genomics, forest health, conifers, poplar, bark beetle, mountain pine beetle, natural products, secondary metabolites, terpenes, floral scent, grapevine, Conifer genomics Forest health genomics Mountain pine beetle, fungus, pine interactions and genomics Chemical ecology of conifer, insect interactions)
• Cronk, Quentin Charles (Comparative genomics, molecular developmental biology and evolutionary biology to study plant form)
• Davies, Jonathan (Phylogenetics & Biodiversity. Development and application of phylogenetic methods in ecology and conservation biology)
• Fast, Naomi (Genomics, single-celled organisms)
• Gaynor, Kaitlyn (behavioral responses of animals to human presence; effects of anthropogenic disturbance on predator-prey and other species interactions; socio-ecological dynamics of conservation and coexistence)
• Graham, Sean (Plant phylogenetics; Plant systematics; Plant evolution; Organelles; Phylogenomics; Land plants; Mycoheterotrophs)
• Jetter, Reinhard (Analytical Chemistry; Plant Ecophysiology; Plant Biochemistry; Molecular Genetics; Biological Chemistry)
• Keeling, Patrick John (Molecular evolution and cell biology of eukaryotes)
• Leander, Brian (Plant biology; Zoology; Comparative organismal biology; Evolutionary morphology; Evolutionary protistology; Marine biodiversity; Marine invertebrate zoology; Phylogenetic biology; Species discovery)
• Li, Xin (Molecules in plants, plants defence against pathogen infection, plant genes)
• Maddison, Wayne (Arachnology, Biodiversity, Spiders, Phylogenetic Theory and Programming)
• Mansfield, Shawn (plant metabolism, cellulose biosynthesis, lignin biosynthesis, wood formation, wood quality, cell wall biochemistry, tree biotechnology, transgenics, Tree biotechnology)
• Martone, Patrick (Plant biology; Protist; Plants; Physiology; Taxonomy and Systematics; Ecology and Quality of the Environment; Evolution and Phylogenesis; Biomaterials; Solid Mechanics; Fluid mechanics; biomechanics; Ecology; evolution; Intertidal Zone; Macroalgae; Phycology)
• Michaletz, Sean (Plant physiological ecology; Plant biology; Surface processes; Natural hazards; Ecophysiology; Ecosystem ecology; climate change; macroecology; Geophysics; Scaling; Fire)
• Moore, Alex (Community ecology (except invasive species ecology); Plant-animal interactions; Global change biology; Ecological restoration (except bioremediation); Applied community and ecosystem ecology; impact of predator-prey interactions on the health and functioning of coastal wetland ecosystems; role of cultural values and knowledge in ecosystem restoration conservation; Global change impacts on coastal environments)
• Parfrey, Laura (Microbial ecology, microbial diversity, microbiome, protists )
• Rieseberg, Loren (Bioinformatics; Genomics; Plant biology; adaptation; crops; invasive plants; plant evolutionary biology; speciation; weeds)
• Rosado Rey, Abel (Plasma membrane repair mechanisms in plants)
• Samuels, Anne Lacey (Plant biology; plant cell biology; plant cell walls)
• Song, Liang (Plant genomics; Environmental stresses; Seed development; Gene Expression)
• Suttle, Curtis (Bioinformatics; Fisheries sciences; Immunology; Microbiology; Oceanography; Plant biology; Biological Oceanography; Environmental Virology; Marine Environment; Marine Microbiology; Microbial Diversity; Phage; Viral Discovery; Viruses)
• Todesco, Marco (Plant biology; Quantitative genetics (including disease and trait mapping genetics); Biological adaptation; Developmental genetics (including sex determination); Genomics; Population, ecological and evolutionary genetics; Paleogenomics; Genetics engineering; Plant-animal interactions; Genetic and molecular basis of adaptation; Plant genomics; Chromosomal structural variation; Crop improvement and bioengineering; Wild sunflowers ecology and evolution; Cannabis diversity and domestication)

Doctoral Citations

Sample thesis submissions.

• Dissecting plant immune responses mediated by the PI4Kβs
• Negative regulation of FMO1 expression in Arabidopsis thaliana
• Genetic analysis of signaling pathways mediated by receptor like protein SNC2 and transcription factor SARD1 in Arabidopsis thaliana
• Regulation of salicylic acid signaling : transcriptional repression in Arabidopsis thaliana and perception in Physcomitrium patens
• An examination of post-translational regulation of immunity utilising reverse genetic techniques
• Spliceosomal evolution in the reduced genomes of microsporidia
• The ecology of curvature in flowers and hummingbird bills
• Characterization and functional analysis of two redundant MAPKKKs in plant immunity
• Identification of core microbiome on macroalgal species, and microbial manipulation in commercial kelp culture
• Experimental evolution of species ranges and coexistence using competing duckweed species
• The effects of a FLOWERING LOCUS T polymorphism on phenology, reproductive isolation and hurricane survival in the silverleaf sunflower
• Genetics and cell biology of Chlamydomonas zygote development
• Dissecting signaling pathways mediated by plant TIR-type immune receptors
• Climate variability and stress exposure alter evolutionary responses across populations of Mimulus cardinalis
• Genetic dissection of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum biology using forward genetics

Related Programs

Same specialization.

• Master of Science in Botany (MSc)

Further Information

Specialization.

Research in Botany extends from genomics, molecular genetics, biochemistry and physiology of plants and eukaryotic microorganisms (e.g., fungi and protists) through to cytology and development to systematics, ecology, and phytogeography. The broad areas of research possible within the program are cell biology and biochemistry; genomics and genetics, plant molecular biology; plant and algal physiology; terrestrial and marine ecology; biosystematics and evolution; development and ultrastructure; protistology; and mycology.

UBC Calendar

Program website, faculty overview, academic unit, program identifier, classification, social media channels, supervisor search.

Departments/Programs may update graduate degree program details through the Faculty & Staff portal. To update contact details for application inquiries, please use this form .

Nicole Bison

UBC is an awesome place to do ecological research! In addition to nearby mountain ranges that provide elevational temperature gradients, we have access to incredibly diverse plant collections at the UBC Botanical Garden only a short walk away from our laboratory. The Botany department and...

After becoming interested in protistology, I dug around to learn more about the available opportunities for conducting research in this topic and spent some time as an undergraduate student assisting on projects in my current supervisor's lab. From this I learned that my current supervisor's lab...

Cassandra Elphinstone

At the end of my undergraduate degree, which was also completed at UBC, I spoke to my honours thesis supervisor who studies the ecological effects of climate change on tundra plants and another professor who investigates the genomic adaptation to different environments. I explained that I was...

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The institute will have advanced instrumental as well as experimental facilities for plant scientists to pursue excellence in all branches of plant science and is expected to contribute to the talent pool of researchers and specialized technicians in plant-based technologies. Technologies to be focused in the programme include those for plant medicines, nutraceuticals, sustainable agriculture, Phytoremediation and all kinds of bio- fuels. In addition to advanced research laboratories for the above-mentioned technologies, the institute will have a medicinal garden, field experimental station, regional herbarium and museum of plant resources of the Western Ghats.

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PhD Postgraduate research in Botany

Why choose this course.

PhD students at the School of Architecture and The Built Environment are supervised by academics who are leading experts in their particular area of expertise. At least one academic in each supervisory team will have a track record of successful supervisions.

The School of Architecture and The Built Environment prides itself on the levels of support provided to postgraduate research students in the course of their PhD journey. Our academics meet regularly with their supervisees, and work closely with them at all stages of the project, from inception to completion.

The University of Wolverhampton provides a collegiate research environment and first-class facilities to its PhD students, including a dedicated postgraduate research room, access to the University’s Harrison Learning Centre and leading databases in the electronic resources.

Postgraduate research students are encouraged to present their research to University academics and fellow PhD students at colloquia within the School of Architecture and The Built Environment, which provide an encouraging and friendly environment for students to sharpen their research and presentation skills.

Our postgraduate research students are afforded the opportunity to develop their research skills through participation in training events organised by the Faculty of Science and Engineering and the University’s Doctoral College.

What happens on the course?

The PhD programme in the School has the following three milestones:

Registration

Progression

Examination

Applicants who satisfy the entry requirements are encouraged to complete the online 'Expression of Interest' form. If the initial application is satisfactory, a conditional offer will be issued and a potential supervisor will be allocated who will provide guidance on the research proposal development.

An interview will take place when the final draft of the research proposal is submitted for approval. The granting of the interview does not imply that the applicant will necessarily be admitted to a research degree programme. Subject to the satisfactory interview and that the Faculty Research Committee (FRC) is satisfied that: a) the research proposal is sound and has the potential to deliver a postgraduate research award; and b) the proposal is appropriately resourced, the applicant will be admitted to the research degree programme.

All students who wish to study for a PhD are required to complete a progression within 18 months (for full-time students) or 36 months (for part-time students). The student at the progression needs to produce a paper which summarises his/her achievements on the research programme and outlines future research plans (including research methods), and conduct an oral presentation of the paper at a workshop set up for the progression purpose.

An independent assessor, nominated by the FRC, reviews the paper produced, together with supervisors’ assessment, the student’s presentation and other evidence. On this basis, the assessor will provide evaluative comments and recommendations to the FRC. Upon considering all aspects, the FRC may recommend that the student a) proceed as proposed; b) proceed subject to changes or amendments being made, addressing the concerns raised; c) be placed 'at risk'; or d) change the research degree originally sought.

Towards the end of the research programme, the student will be examined on the basis of a thesis and an oral examination (viva voce). Normally two qualified examiners are appointed, at least one of whom is external to the institution. If the student is a member of staff at the University, then a second external examiner will be appointed. Following the oral examination, the examiners will make recommendations to the University’s Research Award Sub-Committee (RASC) whether the research degree sought can be awarded.

Potential Career Paths

Research degrees in the School of Architecture and The Built Environment can provide students with opportunities in a multitude of career paths, including academia, government, non-governmental organisations and the private sector.

Additional Information

Everything you need to know about this course!

Why Wolverhampton?

The University of Wolverhampton (UoW) is home to approximate 23,000 students. The UoW’s research and innovation activities have won the 2013 UK Knowledge Transfer Award, and the 2014 UK Collaborative IMPACT award. It is also the holder of the Athena Swan Bronze Award and the HR Excellence in Research Award.

What skills will you gain?

In addition to the regular supervision provided by supervisors, our PhD students will also be provided with training opportunities by the Faculty of Science and Engineering and the University’s Doctoral College.

University Research Conference – The University Research Conference is held in June for research active staff and PhD students to showcase their areas of research and exchange research initiatives. Research students are welcome to make presentations during their period of study. Research students are also encouraged to disseminate final results of their research prior to submission.

University Research Training - Students are encouraged to participate in training provided by the Doctoral College not only because of its intrinsic value but also because these sessions may facilitate meetings with post-graduates outside the school.

Teaching Skills Development - At the School of Architecture and The Built Environment, we understand that postgraduate research students wish to develop their academic CVs while with us. For this reason, research students are provided the opportunity to undergo teaching skills development. The School of Architecture and The Built Environment seeks to ensure, wherever possible, that PhD students have the opportunity to teach on relevant undergraduate modules.

Course Fees and Finance

The University is committed to a transparent fee structure , with no hidden costs, to help you make an informed decision. This includes information on what is included in the fee and how fees are calculated and reviewed

  Applicants for a research degree shall normally hold either:

 • a first or upper second class honours degree, or

 • a master’s degree, or

 • evidence of prior practice or learning that is accepted by the Dean of Research.

Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in English at least to the level of an IELTS score (or equivalent) of 7.0, with no individual element less than 6.0. The only exemption to this is for students who are not required to do so as per UKVI regulations: https://www.gov.uk/student-visa/knowledge-of-english. 

Financial support for research study:

Before applying, you should consider carefully how you will finance your studies for the duration of your programme, including tuition fees, research support fees and living costs.

Government loans (Home Fee Status):

Government loans are available for postgraduate research students of up to £28,673, to cover fees and living expenses. More information can be found at Doctoral-loans website.

Studying in the UK: Guidance for EU students

For 2021/22 new entrants, EU, other EEA and Swiss nationals will no longer be eligible for home fee status and financial support from Student Finance England.

Self-funded:

We are able to take payments in instalments, to spread out the cost of your studies, and it is possible to switch between full-time and part-time modes of study. For more information go to How to pay.

Postgraduate Research Loyalty Discount:

To students progressing from an undergraduate programme and/or a taught postgraduate programme to a postgraduate research programme, where both courses are University of Wolverhampton Awards.

There is no time limit on how long ago you completed your degree and/or Masters level qualification, as long as the new award is at a higher level.

Research councils:

The UK Research and Innovation funds postgraduate study in all subject areas on a discretionary basis.

University Research Studentships:

Other sources:

Dennis Turner Opportunity Fund.

You can find more information on the University’s Funding, cost, fee and support pages.

01902 32 22 22

[email protected]

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PHD IN BOTANY Admission 2024, Syllabus, Eligibility, Duration

Phd in botany admission 2024, course fees structure, career prospects and jobs scope | salary & payscale for phd in botany holders | course duration | phd in botany specializations admission process | entrance exams for (phd in botany), doctor of philosophy in botany admission | doctor of philosophy in botany course fees structure | doctor of philosophy in botany career prospects and jobs scope | salary & payscale for doctor of philosophy in botany degree holders | doctor of philosophy in botany course duration | doctor of philosophy in botany specializations | doctor of philosophy in botany admission process | entrance exams for (doctor of philosophy in botany).

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PHD IN BOTANY

Doctor of philosophy in botany.

PhD IN BOTANY

A Complete Reference to Admission, Eligibility, and Professional Opportunities:

Do you have a passion for the environment and plants? Do you love learning and discovering new things? You might be the ideal candidate for a Doctorate in botany. We'll go over all you need to know about the PhD in Botany admissions procedure, entrance exam, eligibility requirements, duration, selection criteria, application form, fee, syllabus, salary, and employment opportunities in this guide.

PhD IN BOTANY Introduction

The study of plants and their life cycles is known as botany. The fields of genetics, ecology, anatomy, physiology, and taxonomy are all included in this interdisciplinary study. Understanding how plants interact with their environment and how to exploit them for industrial, agricultural, and therapeutic reasons requires a thorough understanding of botany.

A PhD in Botany is a research-based degree that provides students with the chance to learn more about the topic and carry out unique research. Many employment avenues, including academic research, biotechnology, and environmental consultancy, are open to those with this degree.

PhD IN BOTANY Criteria for Eligibility and Selection

Candidates must hold a master's degree in a comparable discipline from an accredited university in order to be eligible for a Doctorate in botany. Candidates must also have received at least a 55% on their qualifying exam.

A written admission exam and an interview make up the PhD in Botany selection process. The candidate's knowledge of numerous aspects of botany, including as ecology, genetics, anatomy, and physiology, is tested in the admission exam.

PhD IN BOTANY Entry Test and Curriculum

In June or July, the admission exam for a PhD in botany typically takes place. In India, the test is administered by a number of institutions and research centers.

Topics like plant anatomy, plant physiology, ecology, genetics, biotechnology, and plant taxonomy are covered in the entrance exam syllabus. The exam also evaluates the applicant's general knowledge and ability for research.

PhD IN BOTANY Application Fee and Procedure

Candidates must first review the eligibility requirements and admissions procedure of the university or research institute they plan to apply to before applying for a Doctorate in botany. The application form must then be completed by candidates and submitted with the necessary paperwork.

The cost of applying for a PhD in botany varies between universities. Before submitting their application, candidates must verify the application fee.

PhD IN BOTANY Timeframe for the Program

A Botany Doctorate typically takes three to five years to complete. However, this could change based on the candidate's study topic and its current state.

PhD IN BOTANY How to Use

Candidates must take the following actions in order to apply for a PhD in botany:

Verify the university's or the research institute's eligibility requirements and admissions procedures.

Complete the application form and send it in with the necessary paperwork.

I've paid the application cost.

Be ready for the interview and entrance exam.

PhD IN BOTANY Application Procedure

A written entrance exam and an interview are normally required for admission to a PhD program in botany. The admission exam qualifiers are contacted for an interview.

The department chair and other members of the faculty often make up the interview panel. The candidate's research aptitude, botanical knowledge, and degree of motivation are evaluated during the interview.

Curriculum for a PhD in Botany

In order to earn a Doctorate in Botany, different universities have different curricula. Plant anatomy, plant physiology, ecology, genetics, biotechnology, and plant taxonomy are the main topics, nevertheless.

Students study advanced topics like plant biophysics, plant biochemistry, plant pathology, and plant breeding in addition to the core disciplines.

PhD IN BOTANY Fee Schedule

The cost of a Botany Doctorate varies from university to university. Typically, the overall cost for the

Eligibility Criteria for PhD

Aspirants are eligible to pursue a Ph.D. course only if they have completed their master’s degree in a similar course/ field/stream in which they want to pursue a Ph.D. Some colleges also specify that candidates need to have completed an MPhil to pursue a Ph.D. course offered by them. Apart from this, many colleges state that candidates meet the eligibility criteria for Ph.D. programs offered by them if they have cleared UGC NET. Candidates who want to pursue a Ph.D. in Engineering need to possess a valid GATE score. There are various categories of Ph.D. candidates. Some of the types of Ph.D. candidates are listed below:

Full-Time Research Scholars

Government/ Semi-Government Fellowship Recipients

Ph.D. scholars who fall under this category are offered financial assistance under Government/ Semi-Government fellowship schemes.

Institute research Scholars with Teaching Assistants

Aspirants falling under this category of Ph.D. scholars are offered Institute Teaching Assistantship as specified by the MHRD.

Self-financed Candidates (Indian/ Foreign)

Indian self-financed  candidates are offered a seat in doctoral programs offered at institutes depending on their track

record and experience. Such candidates are offered admission in Ph.D. programs offered by the institute by taking part in the normal admission process for Ph.D. courses but such candidates do not receive any financial assistance from the institute.

Foreign self-financed  candidates are offered admission through the embassy of their respective country only after they get the necessary 'no objection certificate' from MHRD, Govt of India, and other necessary approvals from India's Ministry of External Affairs.

Sponsored Candidates

Aspirants falling under this category of Ph.D. scholars are sponsored by (recognized) Research and Development organizations to do full-time research at the concerned institute.

Study Leave Candidates

Aspirants falling under this category are given study leave by Government institutes/ companies/ educational institutes for a time duration of fewer than three years to perform research work at the specified institute. A letter of leave provided by the candidate's institute/ company is necessary to secure admission as a Ph.D. scholar in this category.

ICCR Awardees

Foreign candidates who are sponsored by their respective government are awarded a seat in a Ph.D. course under the Indian Council of Cultural Relations (ICCR) award holders’ category if they have been awarded a scholarship by their government.

Part-Time Research Scholars

Candidates who seek admission under part-time research scholars at an institute are offered admission under the below-mentioned categories:

Research Assistants

Institute staff/ Faculty

Project Staff

External Sponsored Candidates

Ph.D. Admission Process

In order to secure admission in Ph.D. or research programs offered by the educational institute, aspirants need to go through the below-mentioned steps:

Step 1 : Visit the official website of the educational institute and go through all the details of the Ph.D. courses offered by the institute and select the area of research that the candidate wants to pursue.

Step 2 : Candidates need to keep an eye out for any admission advertisement in newspapers or visit the official website of the university to fill the application form for admission in the course of their choice. Usually, the admission notification is released 4-5 months before the commencement of the course cycle.

Step 3 : Next, candidates need to fill and submit their application forms for the Ph.D. course as per the schedule shared by the educational institute. Aspirants also need to ensure that they pay the application fee on time and submit all the required documents along with their application forms for Ph.D. admissions.

Step 4 : Some educational institutes also specify that candidates need to submit a research proposal along with their application form. The application form along with the research proposal is submitted at the Research Unit of the educational institute where scrutiny of the application is conducted.

Step 5 : After scrutiny of the Ph.D. course application form is complete then most of the educational institutes shortlist the names of the candidates who need to appear for the entrance exam and other admission rounds that are conducted for shortlisting aspirants for admission in Ph.D. programs offered by them.

Step 6 : Candidates who are selected for Ph.D. programs on the basis of the admission rounds are then assigned supervisors/ guides for their Ph.D. research.

Ph.D. Course Structure

Steps that candidates need to follow when pursuing a Ph.D. course in order to be conferred a Ph.D. degree are listed below:

Once candidates are selected for Ph.D. courses offered at educational institutes they need to submit their Research Proposal along with their Research Topic.

Then, candidates are allocated a research supervisor/ guide.

After this candidates are provided details of the Course Work, evaluation methodology, and the teaching schedule by the Research Programme Coordinator/ Guide/ Supervisor.

While performing research work most educational institutes require aspirants to submit six-month progress reports for their research work.

Further, as a Research Student one needs to give at least two seminar presentations as part of their tenure as a Research Scholar and thereafter submit a Certificate in the prescribed format to the Research Unit.

Next, Ph.D. students need to publish at least one research paper in a peer-reviewed/refereed Journal and also submit a Certificate in the prescribed format to the Research Unit before they submit their Ph.D. thesis.

Before aspirants submit their thesis, their supervisor or guide will organize a Pre-submission Seminar. This seminar will be open to all. As part of this seminar, a report will be submitted which will include suggestions for improvement and the supervisor would ensure that candidates incorporate all these suggestions in the final thesis.

Candidates then need to incorporate all the changes and submit a summary of their thesis to their supervisor or guide at least 45 days before the submission of the thesis.

Finally, candidates need to submit their thesis in hard copy as well as soft copy. This thesis will be examined by external experts. In case any expert suggests any modifications in the research paper submitted by the candidate then he/ she needs to re-submit a modified thesis.

Next, a viva-voce is conducted wherein candidates can openly defend their thesis and present their point of view before a panel of experts.

Candidates who complete all these steps to perfection would only be conferred a Ph.D. degree.

Ph.D. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q. How many years does it take to have a Ph.D.?

A. Ph.D. courses take a maximum of five to six years. However, the duration may vary as per the institute where the students have applied.

Q. Can I finish my Ph.D. in four years?

A. There is a possibility that a student can finish off his/her Ph.D. in four years, but that completely depends on the chosen degree and institute.

Q. Will I be paid for Ph.D.?

A. Yes. Most Ph.D. degrees offer stipends to students. The amount varies as per the degree chosen by the candidates for the doctorate.

Q. What is a Ph.D. course?

A. Ph.D. is the short form of Doctor of Philosophy and to be eligible, the students are required to have completed their Master’s degree.

Q. Do I need to qualify for an entrance exam for Ph.D. admissions?

A. No. Students are not required to qualify for any entrance exam for Ph.D. admissions.

Q. How can I get a fellowship for Ph.D.?

A. Students can get fellowships by attempting and qualifying entrance exams such as UGC-NET, GATE, and more.

Q. What are the required skillset for Ph.D.?

A. Students should be dedicated and good at research for Ph.D. Additionally; they should also be self-motivated and good at writing all the reports and their thesis, which they will prepare.

Q. How can I get Ph.D. admission?

A. For Ph.D. admissions, the students will have to apply at the official website of the institute they prefer. Some institutes may also ask for research proposals to select the students for admission into their institute.

Q. How is the course flow of Ph.D.?

A. After admissions, the students will have to work on their research proposal along with their allotted supervisor/guide. Students will have to participate in seminars and research papers while preparing their thesis. The final thesis will have to be submitted as a hard copy as well as a soft copy. A viva-voce will be conducted where the students will have to defend their thesis.

Q. Is a person with Ph.D. a doctor?

A. No. A person with Ph.D. has completed his/her Doctorate of Philosophy while a doctor has completed his education in Medicine and works to help other people with their medical conditions.

Q. Do I need MPhil to apply for Ph.D.?

A. Most of the colleges accept students with a Master’s degree for Ph.D. However, some institutes may require MPhil for Ph.D. admissions.

Documents Required For PHD IN BOTANY Admission

• Migration Certificate (No objection certificate from the University last attended)
• Passing/Degree certificate of the last qualifying degree examination
• Mark-list of the last qualifying degree examination
• Character certificate (from the head of the Institute from which the student has obtained his qualifying degree.
• Documentary proof for date of birth
• Gap certificate (if applicable)
• Research Proposal *
• No objection certificate from the employer (if employed)

NOTE:- Students are requested to note that their application will not be considered for admission if the above certificates are not enclosed with their application.

PHD IN BOTANY: Course Highlights

Given below are few of the important highlights of the program.

Colleges offering PHD IN BOTANY in India

Mentioned below are some states in India that offer the program.

Top Colleges 2024

Madhav University - MU

Sun Rise University - SRU

Indira Gandhi National Open University - IGNOU

Guru Kashi University - GKU

Maharshi Dayanand University - MDU

Pacific University - PU

Kurukshetra University - KU

Centurion University of Technology and Management - CUTM

KREA University - KU

Rajiv Gandhi University - RGU

SRM University - SU

Assam University - AU

Tezpur University - TU

Central University of South Bihar - CUSB

Mahatma Gandhi Central University - MGCU

Nalanda University - NU

Jamia millia islamia - jmi.

VIT-AP University - VU

Apex Professional University - APU

Arunachal University of Studies - AUS

Arunodaya University - AU

Himalayan University - HU

North East Frontier Technical University - NEFTU

Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Science University - IGTMSU

Venkateshwara Open University - VOU

Assam Don Bosco University - ADBU

Assam Down Town University - ADTU

Krishnaguru Adhyatmik Visvavidyalaya - KAV

Mahapurusha Srimanta Sankaradeva Viswavidyalaya - MSSV

The Assam Kaziranga University - AKU

The Assam Royal Global University - ARGU

Amity University - AU

Dr C. V. Raman University - CVRU

Gopal Narayan Singh University - GNSU

K K University - KKU

Sandip University - SU

Ahmedabad University - AU

Anant National University - ANU

Atmiya University - AU

AURO University of Hospitality and Management - AUHM

C. U. Shah University - CUSU

Calorx Teacher's University

Charotar University of Science & Technology - CUST

Jawaharlal Nehru University - JNU

Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology - DAIICT

G.L.S. University - GU

Ganpat University - GU

Gokul Global University - GGU

GSFC University - GU

Indian Institute of Public Health - IIPH

Ph.d. thesis writing assistance/paper publication services.

• UGC Care List Journal Publication Services
• Scopus Journal Publication
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• Dissertation Writing
• Research Paper Writing
• Paper Publication with ISSN Number
• Conference / Seminars
• PowerPoint Presentation
• Data Collection / Analysis
• Plagiarism Correction
• Plagiarism Report TURNITIN / URKUND
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PhD in Botany Subjects and Syllabus

Updated on - Jan 4, 2023

PhD in Botany is a practical based subject that provides students with the various aspects of biological science. PhD in Botany syllabus provides a piece of practical-based knowledge to the students pursuing this course. The syllabus is structured into Six to ten semesters.

Semester Wise Ph.D. in Botany Syllabus

PhD in Botany syllabus covers the necessary topics that are required to study. The two semesters consist of the core important topics. The course structure is clear and accurate which helps students to learn easily. PhD in Botany course aims to ensure that the students find a rewarding career for themselves.

PhD in Botany First Year Syllabus

Given below are the first and second-semester syllabus for PhD in Botany

Ph.D in Botany Second Year Syllabus

Given below are the second and third semester syllabus of PhD in Botany course:

Ph.D. in Botany Second Year Syllabus

Given below are the fifth and sixth semester syllabus of PhD in Botany course:

PhD in Botany Subjects

PhD in Botany subject mainly based on practicals and a bit of theory. The course consists of the core Practical topics to which students need to give special attention while doing it. There is a lot of field research that students need to go through.

PhD in Botany Core Subjects

Given below are the core PhD in Botany subjects that students go through in this course:

• Research Proposal
• Research Methodology
• Recent advances in Mycology and Plant Pathology
• Taxonomy, Biodiversity & Conservation
• Recent advances in Ecology

PhD Botany Elective Subjects

Given below are the elective PhD in Botany subjects for course:

• Plant Taxonomy and Embryology
• Genetics and Plant Breeding
• Plant Ecology and Phytogeography
• Microbial Diversity
• Gymnosperms

PhD in Botany Course Structure

PhD in Botany course consists of core practical subjects. The duration of the PhD in Botany course is 3 years. The course contains various opportunities such as soil and plant scientists, Biophysicists, and biochemists.

• Practical Subjects
• Research Project
• VI Semesters
• Lab Sessions
• Field Research

PhD in Botany Teaching Methodology and Techniques

PhD in Botany teaching methodology is the most important aspect of a course curriculum to understand the subject more deeply. The classroom-based teaching methodology is the ideal method of learning. The course is designed in a way that students get access to all the infrastructure and facilities available. Listed below are the teaching methodology and techniques:

• Practical Sessions
• Research Papers
• Group Discussions
• Traditional Classroom-Based Teaching

PhD in Botany Course Projects

PhD in Botany course projects are an important segment of the course curriculum. The projects are accessed by the professors to evaluate and to judge the students' understanding of those subjects. Students can choose their course project according to their specialization. Given below are some of the course projects.

• Ethnobotanical Study on Wealth of Homegardens in Gosling Gewog of Tsirang District
• Comparative Bioconversion of Rice Lignocellulosic Waste and Its Amendments by Two Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus Species) And The Use of the Spent Mushroom Compost as Bio-Fertilizer for The Cult
• Ecological Utilization Of The Weed – Tithonia Diversifolia And Sustainability Of The Paper Industry In Nigeria
• Systematics Of Psilocaulon N. E. Br. (Aizoaceae)

PhD in Botany Course Books

Books are termed to be the greatest investment that an aspiring individual can invest in PhD in Botany books can help students to understand the core topics and they also can learn about various topics according to their interests. Given below are some of the important books:

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Programme Details

• School of Sciences
• Life Sciences

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Botany

• Bangalore Central Campus
• Open From : 21-Mar-2024
• Open Until : 04-Jun-2024

Admission Queries

Eligibility - 2024

Fee Structure

Syllabus(Academic Year-2023)

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Botany is an advanced research-based program exploring the plant kingdom's diverse and intricate aspects. This academic pursuit delves into the study of plants, structure, function, evolution, classification, and ecological relationships, aiming to contribute original knowledge to the field. The program typically spans several years and involves intensive research, coursework, and collaboration with experienced faculty members. Students pursuing a PhD in Botany engage in various research topics, from plant physiology, plant ecology, plant taxonomy, plant genetics, molecular biology, and ethnobotany. The program often emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and experimental design, fostering a deep understanding of 

scientific methodologies. Aspiring botanists may specialize in medicinal botany, phycology, bryology, mycology, and plant genetics, tailoring their research to address current environmental challenges and contribute to species preservation. Successful completion of a PhD in Botany requires the submission and defense of a doctoral thesis, showcasing the student's original research findings and their contribution to the scientific community. Graduates of this program are well-equipped for careers in academia, research institutions, conservation organizations, and government agencies, where they can apply their expertise to address pressing issues in plant biology and contribute to advancing botanical knowledge.

Why choose this course?

Opportunity to deeply explore & contribute to  understanding of  plant kingdom.

Provides a platform for groundbreaking research.

Fostering expertise in areas like plant physiology and ecology

Opens doors to impactful academic and research  careers.

Involves in the study of medicinal plants and formulation drugs.

Gives a better understanding about the crops and agricultural aspects, what you will learn.

• Students delve into a comprehensive understanding of the plant kingdom through rigorous coursework and advanced research
• Students explore the intricate molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying physiological processes in various species
• Individuals engage in advanced fieldwork, laboratory experiments, and data analysis, honing their skills in scientific inquiry and research methodologies.
• They often specialize in specific branches of botany, such as plant anatomy, phycology, mycology, bryology, horticulture, etc, tailoring their studies to align with their research interests and career goals
• Students learn to design and execute independent research projects, contributing original insights to the scientific community.
• Students will have the chance to support teachers in hands-on academic teaching experiences.
• Coursework and literature review
• Identify a specific research topic
• Exploration of  scientific literature to understand the current state of knowledge in their chosen field.

• Formulate and refine research questions, hypotheses, and experimental approaches
• Preparing work plans and designing protocols for the selected research project
• Establishing a solid theoretical framework and research plan that will guide the subsequent years of the doctoral program.
• Building a solid academic and research foundation in the research progress. 
• Conduct research work according to the timeline
• Prepare progress reports.
• Attend seminars, workshops, and conferences to enhance their understanding of current developments in their research area and related fields.
• Contribute to research publications based on the PhD research
• Additionally, students are required to finish RAC meetings.
• Publication of research in peer-reviewed journals
• Contributing to the broader scientific community
• Finalizing the research and compiling all obtained data
• Participate in pre-synopsis, thesis submission, and thesis defense proceedings.
• Present scholars work at conferences, showcasing findings and gaining valuable feedback from experts in the field
• Presenting and defending scholars work before a committee of faculty members, demonstrating a deep understanding of the subject matter and the significance of their contributions to the field.

Career prospects

• University Professor/Researcher.
• Conservation Scientist
• Environmental Consultant
• Plant Biologist
• Environmental Policy Advisor
• Biomedical Researcher
• Science Writer/Journalist
• Algal scientist

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Nicholas Gallina - Graduate Ag Research Spotlight

• Story by Nancy Alexander
• Photos by Tom Campbell | Video by Steven Doyle
• April 1, 2024

I’ve essentially switched my discipline in Microbiology three times, and I think that’s made me a very well-rounded scientist. - Nicholas Gallina, PhD student, Department of Food Science

The student

If it’s one thing Nick Gallina knows, it’s the value of perseverance. Growing up in Griffith, Indiana, Gallina overcame a developmental disorder that made academics challenging until science “clicked” in high school. Two TV shows — the infectious disease documentary Monsters Inside Me and the medical drama House — sparked Gallina’s interest in studying microbiology at Indiana State University. But he was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in the second semester of his freshman year. A lengthy hospital stay due to slight organ failure led to years of adjustment to the disease, which delayed his graduation — with honors. He stayed on at ISU to complete a master’s degree under Kathleen Dannelly, the same professor who welcomed him into her lab the second week of his freshman year. “I originally wanted to be an infectious disease pathologist, kind of like Dr. House,” Gallina says. “Then I realized I would much rather pursue a PhD instead of an MD.” His research at ISU had focused on pathogens, specifically MRSA (methicllin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ). To learn more about food microbiology, he then worked at Mérieux NutriSciences under Silliker Labs for a year to acquire skills and techniques in that field. “That’s how I found Dr. Bhunia, a well-authored, well-known professor of food microbiology,” he recalls. Gallina came to Purdue and the lab of Arun Bhunia, professor of food science, in 2019, where he learned that his research focus would change again, this time to probiotics. Gallina says of his advisor, “If you work, he’ll put in ten times the amount of effort. That is one of the many reasons why I enjoy working for him.”

The research

“I study Crohn’s disease and colitis in mice, and we use probiotics to remediate the disease,” Gallina says. In these digestive diseases, the body expresses a lot of one type of protein, heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), and inflammation, he explains. His research focuses on a common probiotic that is genetically modified to express an enzyme from another bacteria. “The cool thing about this enzyme is, when we plug it in to this Lactobacillus probiotic, we can suppress inflammation because the enzyme adheres to Hsp60. This allows the probiotic to have close contact with the cells of the gastrointestinal tract.  Because of that interaction, the probiotic can be more beneficial.

Opportunities

Gallina has enjoyed teaching throughout his academic career, including four times at Purdue. “This material can be very challenging. I love to see when a student ‘gets’ something you’re trying to explain,” he says. He has attended five conferences and received the Outstanding Student Poster Award at the 2023 American Society for Microbiology Annual Meeting. He also has been the graduate student representative for the Interdepartmental Food Science Graduate Program, served on safety committees and has mentored numerous undergraduate students.

Future plans

When he completes his PhD, Gallina intends to work in industry. He also is looking forward to finally leaving academia: “I’ve worked a long time to get to this position,” he says. “I just want to relax and start enjoying life.” That will include bass fishing and football games, which he currently attends with Bhunia, other professors and his fellow graduate students. He also enjoys spending time in the gym and his service as a deacon in his church.

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