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The hidden expiration date on every export letter of credit.

However, another date equal in importance is referred to as the last date for presentation. The presentation period—the window of time in which the exporter must present documents—is tied to the ship date as indicated in the original transport document.

Letter of Credit Presentation Period

A letter of credit includes terminology similar to “documents must be presented within 10 days after the bill of lading date but within the validity of the letter of credit.” For example, if the shipment took place on January 1, documents must be presented no later than January 11 or the expiration date if earlier. If the expiration date is January 5, documents must be presented by January 5, not the 11th.

Some letters of credit require a presentation period of seven days, some 15, etc. If the letter of credit does not state a presentation date, the exporter has 21 days according to UCP Article 14c. Exporters should be aware of this requirement and feel confident they can work within the stated time period. If not, they should request an amendment.

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Why does a letter of credit include these time requirements? The importer stipulates them because a delay in presentation can create problems. When the goods arrive at the customs entry point, the importer needs the documents to clear the goods. If not cleared in a timely manner, the goods will go into storage and incur daily charges.

With a short presentation period, the importer can force the exporter to deliver the documents to the bank quickly. Once the documents enter banking channels, they will find their way to the importer in due time for customs clearance.

An alert exporter, however, must ask several key questions:

How quickly after shipment can the documents be assembled and presented to the bank?
Can unusual situations cause delays?
Can the consular's signature be obtained (for a specific country) within the time limit?

Some consulates are located in distant cities and only sign documents once a week. If the appointed day for signing documents falls on a holiday, in either country involved in the transaction, then one more week must be added to the time frame. While 10, 15 or even 21 days may seem like adequate time, it can slip away quickly.

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This article was first published in December 2014 and has been updated to include current information, links and formatting.

About the Author: Roy Becker

Roy Becker was President of Roy Becker Seminars based in Centennial, Colorado. His company specialized in educating companies how to mitigate the financial risk of importing and exporting. Previous to starting the training company, Roy had over 30 years experience working in the international departments of several banks where he assisted many importers and exporters with the intricate banking needs associated with international trade.

Roy served as adjunct faculty in the International MBA programs at the University of Denver and University of Colorado in Denver. He conducted seminars at the World Trade Center Denver and The Center for Financial Training Western States, and was a guest lecturer at several Denver area Universities.

Roy retired in 2021.

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presentation

Definition of presentation

fairing [ British ]
freebee
largess

Examples of presentation in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'presentation.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a

Phrases Containing presentation

breech presentation

Dictionary Entries Near presentation

present arms

presentation copy

Cite this Entry

“Presentation.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/presentation. Accessed 7 Apr. 2024.

Kids Definition

Kids definition of presentation, medical definition, medical definition of presentation, more from merriam-webster on presentation.

Nglish: Translation of presentation for Spanish Speakers

Britannica English: Translation of presentation for Arabic Speakers

Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about presentation

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v.17(12); 2021 Dec

Ten simple rules for effective presentation slides

Kristen m. naegle.

Biomedical Engineering and the Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

Introduction

The “presentation slide” is the building block of all academic presentations, whether they are journal clubs, thesis committee meetings, short conference talks, or hour-long seminars. A slide is a single page projected on a screen, usually built on the premise of a title, body, and figures or tables and includes both what is shown and what is spoken about that slide. Multiple slides are strung together to tell the larger story of the presentation. While there have been excellent 10 simple rules on giving entire presentations [ 1 , 2 ], there was an absence in the fine details of how to design a slide for optimal effect—such as the design elements that allow slides to convey meaningful information, to keep the audience engaged and informed, and to deliver the information intended and in the time frame allowed. As all research presentations seek to teach, effective slide design borrows from the same principles as effective teaching, including the consideration of cognitive processing your audience is relying on to organize, process, and retain information. This is written for anyone who needs to prepare slides from any length scale and for most purposes of conveying research to broad audiences. The rules are broken into 3 primary areas. Rules 1 to 5 are about optimizing the scope of each slide. Rules 6 to 8 are about principles around designing elements of the slide. Rules 9 to 10 are about preparing for your presentation, with the slides as the central focus of that preparation.

Rule 1: Include only one idea per slide

Each slide should have one central objective to deliver—the main idea or question [ 3 – 5 ]. Often, this means breaking complex ideas down into manageable pieces (see Fig 1 , where “background” information has been split into 2 key concepts). In another example, if you are presenting a complex computational approach in a large flow diagram, introduce it in smaller units, building it up until you finish with the entire diagram. The progressive buildup of complex information means that audiences are prepared to understand the whole picture, once you have dedicated time to each of the parts. You can accomplish the buildup of components in several ways—for example, using presentation software to cover/uncover information. Personally, I choose to create separate slides for each piece of information content I introduce—where the final slide has the entire diagram, and I use cropping or a cover on duplicated slides that come before to hide what I’m not yet ready to include. I use this method in order to ensure that each slide in my deck truly presents one specific idea (the new content) and the amount of the new information on that slide can be described in 1 minute (Rule 2), but it comes with the trade-off—a change to the format of one of the slides in the series often means changes to all slides.

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is pcbi.1009554.g001.jpg

Top left: A background slide that describes the background material on a project from my lab. The slide was created using a PowerPoint Design Template, which had to be modified to increase default text sizes for this figure (i.e., the default text sizes are even worse than shown here). Bottom row: The 2 new slides that break up the content into 2 explicit ideas about the background, using a central graphic. In the first slide, the graphic is an explicit example of the SH2 domain of PI3-kinase interacting with a phosphorylation site (Y754) on the PDGFR to describe the important details of what an SH2 domain and phosphotyrosine ligand are and how they interact. I use that same graphic in the second slide to generalize all binding events and include redundant text to drive home the central message (a lot of possible interactions might occur in the human proteome, more than we can currently measure). Top right highlights which rules were used to move from the original slide to the new slide. Specific changes as highlighted by Rule 7 include increasing contrast by changing the background color, increasing font size, changing to sans serif fonts, and removing all capital text and underlining (using bold to draw attention). PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor.

Rule 2: Spend only 1 minute per slide

When you present your slide in the talk, it should take 1 minute or less to discuss. This rule is really helpful for planning purposes—a 20-minute presentation should have somewhere around 20 slides. Also, frequently giving your audience new information to feast on helps keep them engaged. During practice, if you find yourself spending more than a minute on a slide, there’s too much for that one slide—it’s time to break up the content into multiple slides or even remove information that is not wholly central to the story you are trying to tell. Reduce, reduce, reduce, until you get to a single message, clearly described, which takes less than 1 minute to present.

Rule 3: Make use of your heading

When each slide conveys only one message, use the heading of that slide to write exactly the message you are trying to deliver. Instead of titling the slide “Results,” try “CTNND1 is central to metastasis” or “False-positive rates are highly sample specific.” Use this landmark signpost to ensure that all the content on that slide is related exactly to the heading and only the heading. Think of the slide heading as the introductory or concluding sentence of a paragraph and the slide content the rest of the paragraph that supports the main point of the paragraph. An audience member should be able to follow along with you in the “paragraph” and come to the same conclusion sentence as your header at the end of the slide.

Rule 4: Include only essential points

While you are speaking, audience members’ eyes and minds will be wandering over your slide. If you have a comment, detail, or figure on a slide, have a plan to explicitly identify and talk about it. If you don’t think it’s important enough to spend time on, then don’t have it on your slide. This is especially important when faculty are present. I often tell students that thesis committee members are like cats: If you put a shiny bauble in front of them, they’ll go after it. Be sure to only put the shiny baubles on slides that you want them to focus on. Putting together a thesis meeting for only faculty is really an exercise in herding cats (if you have cats, you know this is no easy feat). Clear and concise slide design will go a long way in helping you corral those easily distracted faculty members.

Rule 5: Give credit, where credit is due

An exception to Rule 4 is to include proper citations or references to work on your slide. When adding citations, names of other researchers, or other types of credit, use a consistent style and method for adding this information to your slides. Your audience will then be able to easily partition this information from the other content. A common mistake people make is to think “I’ll add that reference later,” but I highly recommend you put the proper reference on the slide at the time you make it, before you forget where it came from. Finally, in certain kinds of presentations, credits can make it clear who did the work. For the faculty members heading labs, it is an effective way to connect your audience with the personnel in the lab who did the work, which is a great career booster for that person. For graduate students, it is an effective way to delineate your contribution to the work, especially in meetings where the goal is to establish your credentials for meeting the rigors of a PhD checkpoint.

Rule 6: Use graphics effectively

As a rule, you should almost never have slides that only contain text. Build your slides around good visualizations. It is a visual presentation after all, and as they say, a picture is worth a thousand words. However, on the flip side, don’t muddy the point of the slide by putting too many complex graphics on a single slide. A multipanel figure that you might include in a manuscript should often be broken into 1 panel per slide (see Rule 1 ). One way to ensure that you use the graphics effectively is to make a point to introduce the figure and its elements to the audience verbally, especially for data figures. For example, you might say the following: “This graph here shows the measured false-positive rate for an experiment and each point is a replicate of the experiment, the graph demonstrates …” If you have put too much on one slide to present in 1 minute (see Rule 2 ), then the complexity or number of the visualizations is too much for just one slide.

Rule 7: Design to avoid cognitive overload

The type of slide elements, the number of them, and how you present them all impact the ability for the audience to intake, organize, and remember the content. For example, a frequent mistake in slide design is to include full sentences, but reading and verbal processing use the same cognitive channels—therefore, an audience member can either read the slide, listen to you, or do some part of both (each poorly), as a result of cognitive overload [ 4 ]. The visual channel is separate, allowing images/videos to be processed with auditory information without cognitive overload [ 6 ] (Rule 6). As presentations are an exercise in listening, and not reading, do what you can to optimize the ability of the audience to listen. Use words sparingly as “guide posts” to you and the audience about major points of the slide. In fact, you can add short text fragments, redundant with the verbal component of the presentation, which has been shown to improve retention [ 7 ] (see Fig 1 for an example of redundant text that avoids cognitive overload). Be careful in the selection of a slide template to minimize accidentally adding elements that the audience must process, but are unimportant. David JP Phillips argues (and effectively demonstrates in his TEDx talk [ 5 ]) that the human brain can easily interpret 6 elements and more than that requires a 500% increase in human cognition load—so keep the total number of elements on the slide to 6 or less. Finally, in addition to the use of short text, white space, and the effective use of graphics/images, you can improve ease of cognitive processing further by considering color choices and font type and size. Here are a few suggestions for improving the experience for your audience, highlighting the importance of these elements for some specific groups:

Use high contrast colors and simple backgrounds with low to no color—for persons with dyslexia or visual impairment.
Use sans serif fonts and large font sizes (including figure legends), avoid italics, underlining (use bold font instead for emphasis), and all capital letters—for persons with dyslexia or visual impairment [ 8 ].
Use color combinations and palettes that can be understood by those with different forms of color blindness [ 9 ]. There are excellent tools available to identify colors to use and ways to simulate your presentation or figures as they might be seen by a person with color blindness (easily found by a web search).
In this increasing world of virtual presentation tools, consider practicing your talk with a closed captioning system capture your words. Use this to identify how to improve your speaking pace, volume, and annunciation to improve understanding by all members of your audience, but especially those with a hearing impairment.

Rule 8: Design the slide so that a distracted person gets the main takeaway

It is very difficult to stay focused on a presentation, especially if it is long or if it is part of a longer series of talks at a conference. Audience members may get distracted by an important email, or they may start dreaming of lunch. So, it’s important to look at your slide and ask “If they heard nothing I said, will they understand the key concept of this slide?” The other rules are set up to help with this, including clarity of the single point of the slide (Rule 1), titling it with a major conclusion (Rule 3), and the use of figures (Rule 6) and short text redundant to your verbal description (Rule 7). However, with each slide, step back and ask whether its main conclusion is conveyed, even if someone didn’t hear your accompanying dialog. Importantly, ask if the information on the slide is at the right level of abstraction. For example, do you have too many details about the experiment, which hides the conclusion of the experiment (i.e., breaking Rule 1)? If you are worried about not having enough details, keep a slide at the end of your slide deck (after your conclusions and acknowledgments) with the more detailed information that you can refer to during a question and answer period.

Rule 9: Iteratively improve slide design through practice

Well-designed slides that follow the first 8 rules are intended to help you deliver the message you intend and in the amount of time you intend to deliver it in. The best way to ensure that you nailed slide design for your presentation is to practice, typically a lot. The most important aspects of practicing a new presentation, with an eye toward slide design, are the following 2 key points: (1) practice to ensure that you hit, each time through, the most important points (for example, the text guide posts you left yourself and the title of the slide); and (2) practice to ensure that as you conclude the end of one slide, it leads directly to the next slide. Slide transitions, what you say as you end one slide and begin the next, are important to keeping the flow of the “story.” Practice is when I discover that the order of my presentation is poor or that I left myself too few guideposts to remember what was coming next. Additionally, during practice, the most frequent things I have to improve relate to Rule 2 (the slide takes too long to present, usually because I broke Rule 1, and I’m delivering too much information for one slide), Rule 4 (I have a nonessential detail on the slide), and Rule 5 (I forgot to give a key reference). The very best type of practice is in front of an audience (for example, your lab or peers), where, with fresh perspectives, they can help you identify places for improving slide content, design, and connections across the entirety of your talk.

Rule 10: Design to mitigate the impact of technical disasters

The real presentation almost never goes as we planned in our heads or during our practice. Maybe the speaker before you went over time and now you need to adjust. Maybe the computer the organizer is having you use won’t show your video. Maybe your internet is poor on the day you are giving a virtual presentation at a conference. Technical problems are routinely part of the practice of sharing your work through presentations. Hence, you can design your slides to limit the impact certain kinds of technical disasters create and also prepare alternate approaches. Here are just a few examples of the preparation you can do that will take you a long way toward avoiding a complete fiasco:

Save your presentation as a PDF—if the version of Keynote or PowerPoint on a host computer cause issues, you still have a functional copy that has a higher guarantee of compatibility.
In using videos, create a backup slide with screen shots of key results. For example, if I have a video of cell migration, I’ll be sure to have a copy of the start and end of the video, in case the video doesn’t play. Even if the video worked, you can pause on this backup slide and take the time to highlight the key results in words if someone could not see or understand the video.
Avoid animations, such as figures or text that flash/fly-in/etc. Surveys suggest that no one likes movement in presentations [ 3 , 4 ]. There is likely a cognitive underpinning to the almost universal distaste of pointless animations that relates to the idea proposed by Kosslyn and colleagues that animations are salient perceptual units that captures direct attention [ 4 ]. Although perceptual salience can be used to draw attention to and improve retention of specific points, if you use this approach for unnecessary/unimportant things (like animation of your bullet point text, fly-ins of figures, etc.), then you will distract your audience from the important content. Finally, animations cause additional processing burdens for people with visual impairments [ 10 ] and create opportunities for technical disasters if the software on the host system is not compatible with your planned animation.

Conclusions

These rules are just a start in creating more engaging presentations that increase audience retention of your material. However, there are wonderful resources on continuing on the journey of becoming an amazing public speaker, which includes understanding the psychology and neuroscience behind human perception and learning. For example, as highlighted in Rule 7, David JP Phillips has a wonderful TEDx talk on the subject [ 5 ], and “PowerPoint presentation flaws and failures: A psychological analysis,” by Kosslyn and colleagues is deeply detailed about a number of aspects of human cognition and presentation style [ 4 ]. There are many books on the topic, including the popular “Presentation Zen” by Garr Reynolds [ 11 ]. Finally, although briefly touched on here, the visualization of data is an entire topic of its own that is worth perfecting for both written and oral presentations of work, with fantastic resources like Edward Tufte’s “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information” [ 12 ] or the article “Visualization of Biomedical Data” by O’Donoghue and colleagues [ 13 ].

Acknowledgments

I would like to thank the countless presenters, colleagues, students, and mentors from which I have learned a great deal from on effective presentations. Also, a thank you to the wonderful resources published by organizations on how to increase inclusivity. A special thanks to Dr. Jason Papin and Dr. Michael Guertin on early feedback of this editorial.

Funding Statement

The author received no specific funding for this work.

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IR-2024-95, April 5, 2024

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The New Rules of Presentations

Sponsor Content from GoToMeeting.

By Simon Morton, Managing Director, Eyeful Presentations Ltd

As you’d expect from a self-confessed presentation geek, the walls of my study are lined with a multitude of books dedicated to the topic of presenting. They vary by area of expertise, presentation technologies, design thinking, and, frankly, quality, yet there is one thing that the vast majority share – an obsession with what I would term “formal presentations.”

You know the type of thing – hints, tips, and sage advice focused on making the most of an engagement where the presenter does all the talking and the audience is only allowed to interject during the Q&A session (or if they’re feeling particularly brave/aggrieved, when they stick their hands up and ask questions). This makes for a nice set of “presentation rules” that are easily shared by the experts, readily consumed by those in search of wisdom, and regularly rehashed by publishers the world over.

It’s a cracking model that has kept authors, readers, and publishers busy for many years. The problem is that this obsession with formal presentations not only ignores the reality of what is going on out there (most presentations are not strictly “formal”), but it’s also creating a tension between perceived best practice and what audiences really want.

Forget the Old Rules

For years we presenters have lived under the impression that if we weren’t standing at the front of the room, pointer in hand and feeling just a little bit sick, we weren’t truly presenting. Indeed the gut-wrenching anxiety that came with ensuring that you were sticking to the rules (no questions or handouts until the end, don’t wave your hands around, a picture paints a thousand words, etc.) was seen as a rite of passage for any would-be presenter. Anything else was just cutting corners.

What a load of old twaddle …

As modern-day presenters, we’re equipped with tools to help us deliver our message in a whole heap of ways, from a cozy chat over a coffee to orating to masses at a conference. Each situation demands a different approach, both in terms of the way presenters deliver their messages and the tools they use. It’s time for presenters (and authors!) to recognize what we at Eyeful term the “presentation landscape” – in short, like audiences, presentations come in all shapes and sizes.

Putting the Audience First

Make no bones about it – the defining factor in deciding where you sit on the presentation landscape is your audience. This might sound like I’m stating the blindingly obvious, but the reality is that few presenters make this leap. They’re too busy thinking about their slides, their breathing, or their attire to take a moment to ask themselves the simple question – how would the audience like to be presented to? Once you recognize that the audience is the most important stakeholder in the whole presentation process, it makes it a whole lot easier for presenters to focus on engaging with the people in front of whom they are standing.

“Smart Casual” Presenting

By embracing this new thinking, we presenters are able to sidestep the long list of “rules” and engage audiences on their terms. Once you’ve taken the step to think beyond the constraints of formal presentations, the sense of freedom is incredibly empowering.

In a way, it’s similar to when organizations woke up to the fact that their employees didn’t need to sit trussed up like chickens wearing neckties and restrictive business suits to work and allowed them to go “smart casual.” Of course, there were those who questioned the move, seeing it as an example of dropping standards, but the reality is that everyone just felt a bit more comfortable. It felt right … which had a direct impact on the quality of the work environment and ultimately the work being produced.

Now of course this doesn’t mean that it’s appropriate to wear jeans and your favorite band T-shirt to every business occasion. Sometimes you need to dress up, put on a starched shirt and your best suit … and sometimes it’s something a little more casual but still smart. Much the same goes for presentations – there’s a time and a place for the rules and restrictions of a formal presentation as well as a more relaxed interactive engagement.

Interactive Presenting – Technology Friend or Foe?

So what does recognition of the presentation landscape mean to the online presenter? The good news is that it gives you the option to think beyond the constraints of technology and formality and put thoughts of how you can engage your audience on their terms foremost in your mind.

The bad news is that engaging audiences has never been more challenging – as a presenter, you’re in direct competition with their email, social media accounts, phones, and, um, lives. Even if you stand in the same room as them, the rules have changed so much that you have no right over their attention – they will happily pull out their smartphones and brazenly commence tweeting, Facebooking, and Candy Crushing if you get it wrong. The stakes are even higher when presenting remotely.

But rather than bemoan the fact, use the reality of the situation as the catalyst for doing things differently. By throwing out the old rules and engaging with audiences on their terms, we can create presentation environments that ensure that your message is delivered clearly and succinctly.

So what tricks can you have up your sleeve when presenting remotely?

1. Engage with your audience early on

This works across the entire presentation landscape but is particularly useful when you’re delivering remotely. For some peculiar reason, polls are massively underutilized in most webinars but actually offer a huge opportunity to engage your audience from the get-go. Naturally it’s all about maintaining a balance – don’t bombard your audience with too many questions (no one wants to feel like they’re being interrogated!), but interaction with your audience at points throughout your presentation is a wonderful way of keeping them on track … and of keeping you informed of their interests.

This then creates another opportunity to build your presentation around the needs of your audience. Imagine the power of having a set of three case studies to hand out but only sharing the one that is of most interest to your online audience. Rather than making an educated guess and making the choice for them, what about polling the audience and asking them which case study is of most interest? Using the (very simple to use) hyperlink features in PowerPoint, Keynote, or Prezi (other slideware is available), you’d then be responding directly to the needs of the audience.

No guessing. No boring your audience with information they have no interest in. No rushing through the good stuff because you’ve got too much content.

Ultimately your audience wants the presentation to be valuable to them and for you to succeed … so why not ask them what’s of most interest to them and then share that?

This is a quick win (excuse the pun). For some reason, presenters feel they have to fill a specific time period (normally 30 minutes or an hour). Why not make them shorter? Ever wonder why TED Talks are no longer than 18 minutes long? Because people get bored (even with the most engaging content) and tend to drift off.

So don’t feel obliged to stretch out your presentation to fill up a predetermined time slot – take as long as you need and no more (no one ever complained about a presentation being too short).

3. Technology is your friend

There will be those who feel that conducting an online presentation is as big a technological leap as they are willing to make. Add to this the concept of polling and they go all aquiver. … While this technophobia is completely understandable, those sticking purely to “ye olde PowerPoint” are potentially missing a trick.

Increasingly, I’ve been using a blend of technologies to engage online audiences. Amid the polls and interactive slides, I’ve been using my tablet as a whiteboarding tool. It allows me to “doodle” certain elements of my presentation and turn a one-way lecture into something more conversational.

Indeed, the science of whiteboarding stacks up – the Aberdeen Group ran a study that pointed to sales presenters using whiteboarding as part of their presentation mix having a 50% higher lead conversion rate. This may be due to greater engagement with the audience, increased interaction, or simply the novelty factor of someone stepping away from PowerPoint … but no doubt a useful contribution to online presentations.

So in Summary

I’m really excited about the state of presentations today. The technology, the importance attached to presenting, and the power of stories all combine to make this an incredibly vibrant area in which to work. But the thing that excites me most is that people are waking up to the fact that the “old rules” no longer need to apply to all presentations. Presenters are taking risks, flipping the perceived wisdom on its head, and, at last, putting audiences first. Those willing to break the mold and disregard the presentation lessons of yesteryear will engage with audiences on a whole new level, which can only be good news for presenter and audience alike.

Now it’s your turn …

Learn more about the art of killer presentations at GoToMeeting .

Cambridge Dictionary +Plus

Meaning of presentation in English

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presentation noun ( EVENT )

talk She will give a talk on keeping kids safe on the internet.
lecture The lecture is entitled "War and the Modern American Presidency".
presentation We were given a presentation of progress made to date.
speech You might have to make a speech when you accept the award.
address He took the oath of office then delivered his inaugural address.
oration It was to become one of the most famous orations in American history.
The presentation was a collaborative effort by all the children in the class .
The charity invited the press to a presentation of its plans for the future .
The magazine asked its readers to send in their comments about the new style of presentation.
Jenny's retiring and I think there's going to be a small presentation this afternoon .
Graduates must be in full academic dress at the presentation of certificates .
call for papers
extemporize
maiden speech
talk at someone

You can also find related words, phrases, and synonyms in the topics:

presentation noun ( APPEARANCE )

adverse conditions
good/bad karma idiom
have it in you idiom
unaffiliated
undercurrent

presentation | American Dictionary

Presentation | business english, examples of presentation, collocations with presentation, presentation.

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bits and bobs

small things or jobs of different types

Shoots, blooms and blossom: talking about plants

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Definition of presentation noun from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

presentation

presentation on/about somebody/something The sales manager will give a presentation on the new products.
Several speakers will be making short presentations .
The conference will begin with a keynote presentation by a leading industry figure.
a slide/video/multimedia presentation
presentation on

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A top-notch presentation possesses the power to drive action. From winning stakeholders over and conveying a powerful message to securing funding — your secret weapon lies within the realm of creating an effective presentation .

Being an excellent presenter isn’t confined to the boardroom. Whether you’re delivering a presentation at work, pursuing an academic career, involved in a non-profit organization or even a student, nailing the presentation game is a game-changer.

In this article, I’ll cover the top qualities of compelling presentations and walk you through a step-by-step guide on how to give a good presentation. Here’s a little tip to kick things off: for a headstart, check out Venngage’s collection of free presentation templates . They are fully customizable, and the best part is you don’t need professional design skills to make them shine!

These valuable presentation tips cater to individuals from diverse professional backgrounds, encompassing business professionals, sales and marketing teams, educators, trainers, students, researchers, non-profit organizations, public speakers and presenters.

No matter your field or role, these tips for presenting will equip you with the skills to deliver effective presentations that leave a lasting impression on any audience.

Click to jump ahead:

What are the 10 qualities of a good presentation?

Step-by-step guide on how to prepare an effective presentation, 9 effective techniques to deliver a memorable presentation, faqs on making a good presentation, how to create a presentation with venngage in 5 steps.

When it comes to giving an engaging presentation that leaves a lasting impression, it’s not just about the content — it’s also about how you deliver it. Wondering what makes a good presentation? Well, the best presentations I’ve seen consistently exhibit these 10 qualities:

1. Clear structure

No one likes to get lost in a maze of information. Organize your thoughts into a logical flow, complete with an introduction, main points and a solid conclusion. A structured presentation helps your audience follow along effortlessly, leaving them with a sense of satisfaction at the end.

Regardless of your presentation style , a quality presentation starts with a clear roadmap. Browse through Venngage’s template library and select a presentation template that aligns with your content and presentation goals. Here’s a good presentation example template with a logical layout that includes sections for the introduction, main points, supporting information and a conclusion:

2. Engaging opening

Hook your audience right from the start with an attention-grabbing statement, a fascinating question or maybe even a captivating anecdote. Set the stage for a killer presentation!

The opening moments of your presentation hold immense power – check out these 15 ways to start a presentation to set the stage and captivate your audience.

3. Relevant content

Make sure your content aligns with their interests and needs. Your audience is there for a reason, and that’s to get valuable insights. Avoid fluff and get straight to the point, your audience will be genuinely excited.

4. Effective visual aids

Picture this: a slide with walls of text and tiny charts, yawn! Visual aids should be just that—aiding your presentation. Opt for clear and visually appealing slides, engaging images and informative charts that add value and help reinforce your message.

With Venngage, visualizing data takes no effort at all. You can import data from CSV or Google Sheets seamlessly and create stunning charts, graphs and icon stories effortlessly to showcase your data in a captivating and impactful way.

5. Clear and concise communication

Keep your language simple, and avoid jargon or complicated terms. Communicate your ideas clearly, so your audience can easily grasp and retain the information being conveyed. This can prevent confusion and enhance the overall effectiveness of the message.

6. Engaging delivery

Spice up your presentation with a sprinkle of enthusiasm! Maintain eye contact, use expressive gestures and vary your tone of voice to keep your audience glued to the edge of their seats. A touch of charisma goes a long way!

7. Interaction and audience engagement

Turn your presentation into an interactive experience — encourage questions, foster discussions and maybe even throw in a fun activity. Engaged audiences are more likely to remember and embrace your message.

Transform your slides into an interactive presentation with Venngage’s dynamic features like pop-ups, clickable icons and animated elements. Engage your audience with interactive content that lets them explore and interact with your presentation for a truly immersive experience.

8. Effective storytelling

Who doesn’t love a good story? Weaving relevant anecdotes, case studies or even a personal story into your presentation can captivate your audience and create a lasting impact. Stories build connections and make your message memorable.

A great presentation background is also essential as it sets the tone, creates visual interest and reinforces your message. Enhance the overall aesthetics of your presentation with these 15 presentation background examples and captivate your audience’s attention.

9. Well-timed pacing

Pace your presentation thoughtfully with well-designed presentation slides, neither rushing through nor dragging it out. Respect your audience’s time and ensure you cover all the essential points without losing their interest.

10. Strong conclusion

Last impressions linger! Summarize your main points and leave your audience with a clear takeaway. End your presentation with a bang , a call to action or an inspiring thought that resonates long after the conclusion.

In-person presentations aside, acing a virtual presentation is of paramount importance in today’s digital world. Check out this guide to learn how you can adapt your in-person presentations into virtual presentations .

Preparing an effective presentation starts with laying a strong foundation that goes beyond just creating slides and notes. One of the quickest and best ways to make a presentation would be with the help of a good presentation software .

Otherwise, let me walk you to how to prepare for a presentation step by step and unlock the secrets of crafting a professional presentation that sets you apart.

1. Understand the audience and their needs

Before you dive into preparing your masterpiece, take a moment to get to know your target audience. Tailor your presentation to meet their needs and expectations , and you’ll have them hooked from the start!

2. Conduct thorough research on the topic

Time to hit the books (or the internet)! Don’t skimp on the research with your presentation materials — dive deep into the subject matter and gather valuable insights . The more you know, the more confident you’ll feel in delivering your presentation.

3. Organize the content with a clear structure

No one wants to stumble through a chaotic mess of information. Outline your presentation with a clear and logical flow. Start with a captivating introduction, follow up with main points that build on each other and wrap it up with a powerful conclusion that leaves a lasting impression.

Delivering an effective business presentation hinges on captivating your audience, and Venngage’s professionally designed business presentation templates are tailor-made for this purpose. With thoughtfully structured layouts, these templates enhance your message’s clarity and coherence, ensuring a memorable and engaging experience for your audience members.

Don’t want to build your presentation layout from scratch? pick from these 5 foolproof presentation layout ideas that won’t go wrong.

4. Develop visually appealing and supportive visual aids

Spice up your presentation with eye-catching visuals! Create slides that complement your message, not overshadow it. Remember, a picture is worth a thousand words, but that doesn’t mean you need to overload your slides with text.

Well-chosen designs create a cohesive and professional look, capturing your audience’s attention and enhancing the overall effectiveness of your message. Here’s a list of carefully curated PowerPoint presentation templates and great background graphics that will significantly influence the visual appeal and engagement of your presentation.

5. Practice, practice and practice

Practice makes perfect — rehearse your presentation and arrive early to your presentation to help overcome stage fright. Familiarity with your material will boost your presentation skills and help you handle curveballs with ease.

6. Seek feedback and make necessary adjustments

Don’t be afraid to ask for help and seek feedback from friends and colleagues. Constructive criticism can help you identify blind spots and fine-tune your presentation to perfection.

With Venngage’s real-time collaboration feature , receiving feedback and editing your presentation is a seamless process. Group members can access and work on the presentation simultaneously and edit content side by side in real-time. Changes will be reflected immediately to the entire team, promoting seamless teamwork.

7. Prepare for potential technical or logistical issues

Prepare for the unexpected by checking your equipment, internet connection and any other potential hiccups. If you’re worried that you’ll miss out on any important points, you could always have note cards prepared. Remember to remain focused and rehearse potential answers to anticipated questions.

8. Fine-tune and polish your presentation

As the big day approaches, give your presentation one last shine. Review your talking points, practice how to present a presentation and make any final tweaks. Deep breaths — you’re on the brink of delivering a successful presentation!

In competitive environments, persuasive presentations set individuals and organizations apart. To brush up on your presentation skills, read these guides on how to make a persuasive presentation and tips to presenting effectively .

Whether you’re an experienced presenter or a novice, the right techniques will let your presentation skills soar to new heights!

From public speaking hacks to interactive elements and storytelling prowess, these 9 effective presentation techniques will empower you to leave a lasting impression on your audience and make your presentations unforgettable.

1. Confidence and positive body language

Positive body language instantly captivates your audience, making them believe in your message as much as you do. Strengthen your stage presence and own that stage like it’s your second home! Stand tall, shoulders back and exude confidence.

2. Eye contact with the audience

Break down that invisible barrier and connect with your audience through their eyes. Maintaining eye contact when giving a presentation builds trust and shows that you’re present and engaged with them.

3. Effective use of hand gestures and movement

A little movement goes a long way! Emphasize key points with purposeful gestures and don’t be afraid to walk around the stage. Your energy will be contagious!

4. Utilize storytelling techniques

Weave the magic of storytelling into your presentation. Share relatable anecdotes, inspiring success stories or even personal experiences that tug at the heartstrings of your audience. Adjust your pitch, pace and volume to match the emotions and intensity of the story. Varying your speaking voice adds depth and enhances your stage presence.

5. Incorporate multimedia elements

Spice up your presentation with a dash of visual pizzazz! Use slides, images and video clips to add depth and clarity to your message. Just remember, less is more—don’t overwhelm them with information overload.

Turn your presentations into an interactive party! Involve your audience with questions, polls or group activities. When they actively participate, they become invested in your presentation’s success. Bring your design to life with animated elements. Venngage allows you to apply animations to icons, images and text to create dynamic and engaging visual content.

6. Utilize humor strategically

Laughter is the best medicine—and a fantastic presentation enhancer! A well-placed joke or lighthearted moment can break the ice and create a warm atmosphere , making your audience more receptive to your message.

7. Practice active listening and respond to feedback

Be attentive to your audience’s reactions and feedback. If they have questions or concerns, address them with genuine interest and respect. Your responsiveness builds rapport and shows that you genuinely care about their experience.

8. Apply the 10-20-30 rule

Apply the 10-20-30 presentation rule and keep it short, sweet and impactful! Stick to ten slides, deliver your presentation within 20 minutes and use a 30-point font to ensure clarity and focus. Less is more, and your audience will thank you for it!

9. Implement the 5-5-5 rule

Simplicity is key. Limit each slide to five bullet points, with only five words per bullet point and allow each slide to remain visible for about five seconds. This rule keeps your presentation concise and prevents information overload.

Simple presentations are more engaging because they are easier to follow. Summarize your presentations and keep them simple with Venngage’s gallery of simple presentation templates and ensure that your message is delivered effectively across your audience.

1. How to start a presentation?

To kick off your presentation effectively, begin with an attention-grabbing statement or a powerful quote. Introduce yourself, establish credibility and clearly state the purpose and relevance of your presentation.

2. How to end a presentation?

For a strong conclusion, summarize your talking points and key takeaways. End with a compelling call to action or a thought-provoking question and remember to thank your audience and invite any final questions or interactions.

3. How to make a presentation interactive?

To make your presentation interactive, encourage questions and discussion throughout your talk. Utilize multimedia elements like videos or images and consider including polls, quizzes or group activities to actively involve your audience.

In need of inspiration for your next presentation? I’ve got your back! Pick from these 120+ presentation ideas, topics and examples to get started.

Creating a stunning presentation with Venngage is a breeze with our user-friendly drag-and-drop editor and professionally designed templates for all your communication needs.

Here’s how to make a presentation in just 5 simple steps with the help of Venngage:

Step 1: Sign up for Venngage for free using your email, Gmail or Facebook account or simply log in to access your account.

Step 2: Pick a design from our selection of free presentation templates (they’re all created by our expert in-house designers).

Step 3: Make the template your own by customizing it to fit your content and branding. With Venngage’s intuitive drag-and-drop editor, you can easily modify text, change colors and adjust the layout to create a unique and eye-catching design.

Step 4: Elevate your presentation by incorporating captivating visuals. You can upload your images or choose from Venngage’s vast library of high-quality photos, icons and illustrations.

Step 5: Upgrade to a premium or business account to export your presentation in PDF and print it for in-person presentations or share it digitally for free!

By following these five simple steps, you’ll have a professionally designed and visually engaging presentation ready in no time. With Venngage’s user-friendly platform, your presentation is sure to make a lasting impression. So, let your creativity flow and get ready to shine in your next presentation!

What Does Periodt Mean? – Meaning, Uses and More

What Does Periodt Mean?

The term periodt is a slang expression used to emphasize an opinion or conclude a discussion online. It is a more dramatic version of the word “period,” similar to an exclamation point, but spelled with a “t” added to the end. The term is primarily used on social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok, where it has gained popularity among users. While the exact origin of the term is unclear, it is believed to have originated in the Black gay community in the 1990s and later became popularized by VSCO girls online. Some examples of when you would use periodt include when discussing fashion passionately, expressing your admiration for celebrities, and expressing your support for fictional relationships. It can also be used to conclude a heated discussion with your final opinion.

What Does Periodt Mean From a Girl?

When a girl uses the term periodt , it is typically used in the same way as everyone else. It is a slang expression used to emphasize a point or conclude a discussion with conviction. Girls use it to add emphasis and assertiveness to their statements, just like guys do.

Here are some key points to consider:

Specific meaning from a girl : Girls use periodt to make a strong statement or express their unwavering opinion. It adds an extra punch to their words and shows that they mean business.
How girls use it : Girls use periodt in various contexts, such as expressing their love for something, stating their beliefs, or shutting down a debate with a final statement. It’s all about adding emphasis and making their point crystal clear.
How to reply : If someone uses periodt in a conversation with you, it’s best to acknowledge their strong statement or opinion. You can show your agreement or engage in further discussion if you have a different perspective.

It’s important to note that girls use periodt similarly to everyone else. It’s all about adding that extra oomph to their statements and making sure their point is heard loud and clear. So, don’t be surprised if you see girls using periodt with confidence and conviction!

Girl A: I just aced my final exam!
Girl B: Periodt! You’re a genius!
Girl: I’m so tired of people doubting me. I know I can achieve anything I set my mind to, periodt.
Girl A: I’m done with toxic relationships. From now on, it’s self-love all the way, periodt.
Girl B: Yes, girl! You deserve nothing but the best.
Girl: Beyoncé’s performance at the concert last night was mind-blowing, periodt. She’s the queen!
Girl A: I don’t care what anyone says, pineapple belongs on pizza, periodt.
Girl B: Haha, you’re not alone! I love pineapple on pizza too.

What Does Periodt Mean From a Guy?

When a guy uses the term periodt , it can have a similar meaning as when a girl uses it. However, there may be some slight differences in how guys use it and the context in which they use it.

Here are some possible meanings and uses of periodt from a guy’s perspective:

Emphasizing a point : Like girls, guys use periodt to emphasize their statements and make their opinions known. It adds a sense of finality and conviction to their words.
Expressing confidence : Guys may use periodt to assert their confidence and show that they stand by what they’re saying. It’s a way for them to make a strong statement and leave no room for doubt.
Shutting down a discussion : In some cases, guys may use periodt to end a debate or shut down further discussion. It’s their way of saying “this is the final word” and asserting their stance on a topic.

When a guy uses periodt, it’s important to consider the context and tone of the conversation. Is he using it playfully or seriously? Is he using it to express agreement or disagreement? Understanding these nuances can help you interpret his meaning more accurately.

In terms of how to reply, it depends on the situation. If you agree with his statement, you can show your support or engage in further discussion. If you have a different perspective, you can respectfully express your opinion or ask for clarification.

Overall, while guys may use periodt similarly to girls, there may be slight differences in how they use it and the context in which they use it. It’s all about adding emphasis, confidence, and finality to their statements. So, don’t be surprised if you see guys using periodt with their own unique flair!

Guy 1: Bro, did you see that insane dunk LeBron James made last night?
Guy 2: Periodt! That was straight up legendary. No one can touch him.
Guy 1: I just aced my math test!
Guy 2: Periodt, dude! You’re a math genius. Teach me your ways.
Guy 1: Check out this sick guitar solo I learned.
Guy 2: Bro, you’re killing it! Periodt, you’re the next Jimi Hendrix.
Guy 1: I just finished reading this mind-blowing book.
Guy 2: Periodt! That author is a genius. It’s a game-changer.
Guy: Did you see that crazy goal in the soccer game yesterday?
Girl: Yeah, it was unbelievable!
Guy: Seriously, periodt! That player has some serious skills.

Origin of Periodt

The word “periodt” is believed to have originated in the Black gay community in the 1990s and later became popularized by VSCO girls online. It is used to emphasize an opinion or conclude a discussion online. The exact origin of the word is unclear, but it is thought to be a more dramatic version of the word “period,” similar to an exclamation point. The “t” at the end of the word is added for emphasis. While it is difficult to pronounce the “t” in real life, it is commonly used on social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok.

Frequently Asked Questions

Slangs similar to periodt.

The slang words “period,” “deadass,” “facts,” “no cap,” “for real,” and “straight up” are similar to “periodt” because they all serve to emphasize a point, express sincerity or honesty, indicate truthfulness, and conclude a discussion or confirm agreement. These slangs are all used to add emphasis, assertiveness, or finality to a statement or opinion.

Is Periodt A Bad Word?

No, “periodt” is not a bad word or vulgar word. It is an expression of emphasis and is commonly used to end a discussion or emphasize an opinion online. It is primarily used on social sites like Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok. While it originated in the Black gay community in the 1990s, it gained mainstream popularity in 2018.

Is Periodt a Typo or Misspelling?

No, “periodt” is not a misspelling or typo. It is a slang term used to emphasize an opinion or end a discussion online, primarily on social media platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok.

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Business Jargons

A Business Encyclopedia

Presentation

Definition : A presentation is a form of communication in which the speaker conveys information to the audience. In an organization presentations are used in various scenarios like talking to a group, addressing a meeting, demonstrating or introducing a new product, or briefing a team. It involves presenting a particular subject or issue or new ideas/thoughts to a group of people.

It is considered as the most effective form of communication because of two main reasons:

Use of non-verbal cues.
Facilitates instant feedback.

Business Presentations are a tool to influence people toward an intended thought or action.

Parts of Presentation

Introduction : It is meant to make the listeners ready to receive the message and draw their interest. For that, the speaker can narrate some story or a humorous piece of joke, an interesting fact, a question, stating a problem, and so forth. They can also use some surprising statistics.
Body : It is the essence of the presentation. It requires the sequencing of facts in a logical order. This is the part where the speaker explains the topic and relevant information. It has to be critically arranged, as the audience must be able to grasp what the speaker presents.
Conclusion : It needs to be short and precise. It should sum up or outline the key points that you have presented. It could also contain what the audience should have gained out of the presentation.

Purpose of Presentation

To inform : Organizations can use presentations to inform the audience about new schemes, products or proposals. The aim is to inform the new entrant about the policies and procedures of the organization.
To persuade : Presentations are also given to persuade the audience to take the intended action.
To build goodwill : They can also help in building a good reputation

Factors Affecting Presentation

Audience Analysis

Communication environment, personal appearance, use of visuals, opening and closing presentation, organization of presentation, language and words, voice quality, body language, answering questions, a word from business jargons.

Presentation is a mode of conveying information to a selected group of people live. An ideal presentation is one that identifies and matches the needs, interests and understanding level of the audience. It also represents the facts, and figures in the form of tables, charts, and graphs and uses multiple colours.

Related terms:

Verbal Communication
Visual Communication
Non-Verbal Communication
Communication
7 C’s of Communication

Reader Interactions

Abbas khan says

October 2, 2022 at 11:33 pm

Thank you so much for providing us with brief info related to the presentation.

Farhan says

February 23, 2023 at 9:45 am

yusra shah says

July 3, 2023 at 2:04 am

it was helpful👍

Presentation Period "Within the validity of the LC"

Post by CSNg » Sun May 27, 2012 2:58 am

Presentation Period

Post by Sabrina » Sun May 27, 2012 4:23 am

Return to “Letter of Credit Forum”

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Field 48 (‘Period for presentation in days’) in Letter of Credit (L/C)

F48 is an optional field in MT700 swift message of Documentary letter of credit.

F48 (Period of Presentation) field defines the period of time in calendar days by which the presentation of documents should be made in the negotiating bank. The beneficiary will do the presentation/negotiation to get the payment.

From the F44C(Latest Date of Shipment) , the countdown will start. Normally the period is up to the LC expiry date mentioned in F31D(Date and Place of Expiry).

The date can be mentioned 7,10,14,21 any days as agreed between buyer and seller but not later than the LC expiry date.

If the field is not mentioned in the documentary credit then a default of 21 days is considered. But must not exceed the expiry date as I told you earlier.

Within this presentation period, the beneficiary submits negotiable documents mentioned in 46A(Documents Required) to the presenting bank as per instruction in F41D or F41A(Available With..By…)

As a common practice, LC validity is kept 90days (one quarter) to maintain the same charge. In that case, the latest date of shipment is mentioned as 69 days. The presentation period is 21 days if there’s no specific requirement from the buyer or seller.

The presentation can be both Electronic records or paper documents.

Do you have any thoughts about this? let me know in the comments.

Field 32B Currency Code, Amount

Field 43T Transhipment in Letter of Credit

Field 31C Date of Issue in Letter of Credit

Field 49 Confirmation Instructions in Letter of Credit

Field 51a Applicant Bank in Letter of Credit

3 thoughts on “ field 48 (‘period for presentation in days’) in letter of credit (l/c) ”.

Is it possible for a period of presentation in an L/C to exceed 21 days? Let’s say 60 days from bill of lading date but within the LC validity.

Can F48 be 31, after bill of lading date? Thanks.

Hi Eddie, F48 is an optional field that comes after F71D (charges) as per SWIFT format. can you share more about your inquiry?

What Happens if Letter of Credit is Silent in Regards to the Period of Presentation

Letters of credit without presentation periods.

Documents must be presented to the nominated banks within allowed time frame under letters of credit payments.

Otherwise issuing banks or confirming banks raise late presentation discrepancy .

According to the letters of credit rules a presentation consists of a transport document should be presented to the nominated bank within 21 days after the date of shipment , but not later than the expiry date of the letter of credit.

Presentation Period of a Letter of Credit

If the letter of credit does not require presentation of a transport document, then the presentation period does not become effective.

Under such a scenario, the documents must be presented to the nominated bank before the expiry date .

presentation period under letter of credit

If the letter of credit is silent in regards to the period of presentation , the documents must be presented to the nominated bank before the expiry date, when the letter of credit does not ask for a transport document.

A Serbian food exporter signs a proforma invoice with in importer located in Kuwait. The letter of credit amount is 75.000 EUR and partial shipments are not allowed.

Expiry date of the letter of credit is 15.February.2019.

The letter of credit is silent in regards to the presentation period, which means that there is no Field 48 -Period for Presentation indicated in the letter of credit.

Option 1: Letter of credit does not ask for a presentation of a transport document:

The beneficiary must present the document to the nominated bank before the expiry date of the letter of credit.

Option 2: Letter of credit asks for a presentation of a transport document:

Under the same scenario, please assume that selected transportation mode is sea shipment and transport document is a bill of lading and latest date of shipment is 10.January.2019.

The beneficiary must complete the shipment before 10.January.2019 and presents the document to the nominated bank within 21 days after the date of shipment , but not later than the expiry date of the letter of credit.

Stale Documents
Stale Bill of Lading
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April 8, 2024, Solar Eclipse Will Pass Over All 7 US Cities Named Nineveh?

Some christian groups have preached that the eclipse is a bad omen., published march 31, 2024.

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On April 8, 2024 , a total solar eclipse will blot out the sun for a couple of minutes in a small band across the United States. The eclipse's totality is the only time humans can look directly at the sun without damaging their eyeballs, and so millions of people from around the world will flock to cities in the path of totality, such as Dallas and Indianapolis.

Eclipses do not discriminate, so anyone in the path of totality will be able to see the sun fully obstructed by the moon. However, some people have claimed online that there's one interesting coincidence about the eclipse's path of totality: It will pass through every city in the United States named Nineveh. That name is shared by an ancient city in modern-day Iraq that was described in the bible as "evil."

Snopes received an email from a reader who requested that we check the claim about cities named Nineveh in the eclipse path. In our research, we discovered that many of the people making the claim were Christians who were interpreting the eclipse as a bad omen .

Contrary to the claims, Snopes discovered that the path of totality in the eclipse does not pass through seven cities in the United States named Nineveh — it passes through just two. But before counting places named Nineveh, we must first briefly clarify how eclipses work.

How Eclipses Work

A total solar eclipse is caused by the moon and the sun being in exactly the right place at exactly the right time. The moon fully blocks the light from the sun, casting a really large shadow on the earth. Those inside the moon's shadow, called the umbra, are the only ones who will be able to look directly at the sun without eye protection, and it's the small path of the umbra that people travel to in order to see the total solar eclipse. The website GreatAmericanEclipse.com created a visualization of the shadow's path across North America.

Outside the umbra, where the moon blocks only some of the sun, is called a partial solar eclipse, and the sun looks like it has a giant bite taken out of it. You cannot view a partial solar eclipse without special eclipse glasses, and this area is much, much larger than the umbra. The entirety of the continental United States will be able to see a partial solar eclipse on April 8, just as the entirety of the United States (even Alaska and Hawaii) was able to see a partial solar eclipse in 2017 .

The cool part (partial) of an eclipse can be seen from a very large area, as long as you wear eclipse glasses. The really cool part (total) of an eclipse can be seen only in a small area. It is the total eclipse that people have thought held religious significance since practically as long as humans have had eyes to see and religions to follow.

To quote the essayist Annie Dillard :

A partial eclipse is very interesting. It bears almost no relation to a total eclipse. Seeing a partial eclipse bears the same relation to seeing a total eclipse as kissing a man does to marrying him, or as flying in an airplane does to falling out of an airplane. Although the one experience precedes the other, it in no way prepares you for it.

Places Named Nineveh

We started with Wikipedia's list of places named Nineveh to get a general idea of where to look. Of course, we cross checked those results with more-reliable sources of knowledge, including Google Maps and data from the U.S. Census Bureau.

Wikipedia listed just six places in the U.S. named Nineveh, which made our claim of seven dubious to begin with. Checking the locations of those places on Google Maps, we found that three were actually townships, a term used for county subdivisons in some states.

The first was the largest, Indiana's Nineveh Township (south of Indianapolis), which contains a small hamlet of the same name. Both the township and the hamlet will indeed fall in the path of the total eclipse.

Next, Wikipedia listed two townships in Missouri — one in Adair County (about halfway between Kansas City and Davenport, Iowa) and one in Lincoln County (about an hour northwest of St. Louis). But neither of the two townships contained a village named Nineveh on any of the maps we looked at. Furthermore, neither of the townships fell in the path of the total eclipse.

The fourth place on Wikipedia's list, Nineveh, New York, is about 30 minutes east of Binghamton. We found it marked on maps but, again, it did not lie in the path of totality.

Fifth: Nineveh, Pennsylvania, roughly halfway between Pittsburgh and Morgantown, West Virginia. This Nineveh was marked on maps, but it was also outside of the total eclipse. It was also the last Nineveh listed by the U.S. Census Bureau.

Sixth, we found Nineveh, Virginia, an hour and a half west of Washington, D.C. This was the easiest to check: Nobody in the state of Virginia will be able to see full totality during the eclipse. We did not find a label for Nineveh on maps, and buildings located in the area had their postal addresses listed as White Post, Virginia.

That completed the Wikipedia list, but various posts about the supposed line-up listed two more Ninevehs located in the U.S.: one in Texas and one in Ohio.

Nineveh, Texas, was not marked on maps, nor did it have a post office. It was located not far off of Interstate 45 halfway between Houston and Dallas. This one was close, but we eventually confirmed that it would be outside of the zone of totality by referencing nearby cities that also were outside of totality.

Nineveh, Ohio, was a similar story: not found on maps, no post office, no Census data. But this Nineveh, 30 minutes northwest of Dayton, was finally our second hit.

In total, we counted two places named Nineveh in the United States that could be found in the path of totality.

2024 Total Eclipse . https://science.nasa.gov/eclipses/future-eclipses/eclipse-2024/. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

"A Total Eclipse Is near. For Some, It's Evidence of Higher Power. For Others It's a Warning." USA TODAY , https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2024/03/23/2024-total-solar-exclipse-religious-implications/72869724007/. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

April 8, 2024 Eclipse Will Pass Over 7 United States Cities Named Nineveh . www.youtube.com , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3n6dp85XynY. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

April 8 Eclipse and Third-Day Events in Scripture . https://www.biblejournalclasses.com/blog/april-8-eclipse-and-third-day-events-in-scripture-2. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

Dawson, Brandon. "THE JONAH ECLIPSE - 40 DAYS - GODS URGENT WARNING TO AMERICA!" Tribe of Christians , 2 Mar. 2024, https://www.tribeofchristians.com/single-post/the-jonah-eclipse-god-s-great-warning-to-america-april-8th-2024.

Dillard, Annie. "Total Eclipse." The Atlantic , 8 Aug. 2017, https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/08/annie-dillards-total-eclipse/536148/.

Eclipse 2017 . https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

Mark, Joshua J. "Nineveh." World History Encyclopedia , https://www.worldhistory.org/nineveh/. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

"Nineveh (Disambiguation)." Wikipedia , 29 Oct. 2023. Wikipedia , https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nineveh_(disambiguation)&oldid=1182408744.

Noah. "The Upcoming U.S. Eclipse Just Got Even Stranger!" WLT Report , 4 Mar. 2024, https://wltreport.com/2024/03/04/upcoming-u-s-eclipse-just-got-even-stranger/.

The APRIL 8, 2024 ECLIPSE & The 7 Cities Named Nineveh | The APRIL 8, 2024 ECLIPSE & The 7 Cities Named Nineveh | By Messiah GuguFacebook . www.facebook.com , https://www.facebook.com/100067092253715/videos/the-april-8-2024-eclipse-the-7-cities-named-nineveh/397509926249711/. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

The April 8 2024 Eclipse and the 7 Cities Named Nineveh . www.youtube.com , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLkxKT65IFc. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

"Total Solar Eclipse 2024 US." Great American Eclipse , https://www.greatamericaneclipse.com/april-8-2024. Accessed 28 Mar. 2024.

By Jack Izzo

Jack Izzo is a Chicago-based journalist and two-time "Jeopardy!" alumnus.

Article Tags

lcviews CoronAdvice #7: Dates and timelines under LCs

The new blogpost in the segment “lcviews CoronAdvice” aims to address one of the questions frequently asked during the clovid-19 crises: Is it possible to amend the dates and timelines applicable to a documentary credit – this in order to allow for more time; thereby contemplating delays caused by the fact that many banks work based on their contingency plans and that many countries are in different phases of lockdown.

Initially, it must be mentioned that most of the challenges facing the Trade Finance industry right now relate to LCs already issued. This means that the content of the LC – as well as the UCP 600 provisions will apply. Therefore, in order to change the applicable dates and timelines, there must be made an amendment to the LC. (For new LCs the “correct” dates and timelines can simply be inserted).

According to UCP 600 article 10(a) in order to amend an LC, agreement is required by the issuing bank, the confirming bank (if any) and the beneficiary.

This means that any date or timeline in the LC or the UCP 600 can simply be changed by way of an amendment – given the relevant parties agree to it. However, it must be stressed that although the LC; by its nature is a separate transaction from the sale or other contract (UCP 600 article 4(a)); the LC is of course based upon the agreement between the buyer and the seller. It would be common for contracts to include dates and timelines (e.g. in respect of the agreed delivery date). The dates and timelines in the LC would normally be based upon – and correspond with the dates and timelines in the agreement. This means that when considering amending dates and timelines in the LC, the content of the underlying agreement must of course be considered.

With that said, the dates and timelines potentially in scope for this are the following:

Date of expiry

UCP 600 article 10 addresses the issue of expiry; which must be read in context with how the LC is available. The outset is that an LC must state an expiry date for presentation. The expiry date is the latest date a presentation must be made – at the place where the LC is available. I.e. at the counters of the bank with which the LC is available. There are two basic scenarios:

1: Where there is a nominate bank (either specified by name – or simply “any bank”)

In such case the place for presentation is at the counters of the (or “a”) nominated bank OR at the counters of the issuing bank.

The date of expiry is the same regardless if the beneficiary makes the presentation to the nominated bank or to the issuing bank.

An example:

Issuing Bank: Bank ISS in India

Nominated Bank: Bank NOM in the UK

Applicant: IMP Trader in India

Beneficiary: EXP Trader in the UK

LC Available with Bank NOM and expires 1 May 2020 in the UK.

In such case EXP Trader (in the UK) must present the documents EITHER to Bank NOM (UK) OR to Bank ISS (India). Regardless to whom the beneficiary chooses to present, the latest date a presentation must be made is 1 May 2020.

Of course, the normal course of action would be for EXP Trader to present to Bank NOM. However, if that – for some reason – is not possible EXP Trader may need to make a direct presentation to Bank ISS. In such case, there could be a need to extend the expiry date.

Also, as mentioned above there may well be other reasons to consider extending the LC expiry date. For example, that it is not possible for EXP Trader to deliver the goods as originally agreed. However, such amendment to the LC should be aligned with the existing agreement, and there may well be a need to change the contract accordingly.

2: Where the LC is only available with the issuing bank

In such case, the place for presentation is at the counters of the issuing bank (only), and the presentation must be made to the issuing bank no later than 1 May 2020. This applies even when there is an advising bank (that is not a nominated bank) involved.

Advising Bank: Bank ADV in the UK

LC Available with Bank ISS and expires 1 May 2020 in India.

In such case the presentation must be made to Bank ISS (India). The latest date a presentation must be made is 1 May 2020.

The normal course of action would be for EXP Trader to “present” the documents to Bank ADV in due time before the expiry date, allowing Bank ADV to forward the documents (on their behalf) to Bank ISS.

As indicated, the fact that there is an advising bank does not change the fact that the presentation must be presented at the issuing bank no later than 1 May 2020.

Again, it may not possible for EXP Trader to deliver the goods as originally agreed, and therefore an amendment extending the expiry date may be considered. However, such amendment to the LC should be aligned with the existing agreement, and there may well be a need to change the agreement accordingly.

For both examples above, it is also important to consider that an extension of the expiry date could incur extra charges (e.g. issuance commission and amendment commission).

Period for presentation

UCP 600 article 14(c) addresses the period for presentation. Basically, this sub-article applies when the presentation includes a “transport document” (i.e. one of the transport documents described in UCP 600 articles 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or 25). In such case, the presentation by (or on behalf of) the beneficiary must be made not later than 21 calendar days after the date of shipment, however, not later than the expiry date of the LC (see above).

As can be seen, the default period for presentation according to UCP 600 article 14(c) is 21 days. This period is commonly modified (often reduced) in the LC. In such case it is the number of days mentioned in the LC that apply.

In a situation where there are delays, it may well take longer time than normally to obtain the documents needed to be presented under the LC. For that reason, there may well be a need, to have a longer period for presentation. In such case, there are 2 issues to consider

* The documents may potentially have a longer transit time between the seller and the buyer – and there is the risk that the goods arrive before the documents, and it may be challenging for the buyer to obtain release of the goods (e.g. because the bill of lading has not arrived timely).

* Normally an LC is structured so that the date of expiry, latest date of shipment and period for presentation are aligned. I.e.:

“Latest date of shipment” + “period for presentation” = “date of expiry”

This means that changing the “period for presentation” may trigger changes to “latest date of shipment” and “date of expiry”.

Latest date of shipment

As such the “latest date of shipment” is not defined in the UCP 600. There are, however, different places throughout the UCP 600 where “latest date of shipment” is mentioned, i.e.:

* Sub-article 29(c); latest date for shipment will not be extended as a result of the expiry date or the last day for presentation falls on a day when the bank to which presentation is to be made is closed.

* Sub-article 31(b); if the presentation consists of more than one set of transport documents, the latest date of shipment as evidenced on any of the sets of transport documents will be regarded as the date of shipment.

* Sub-article 38(g); the latest shipment date or given period for shipment is part of the data that may be changed when transferring the LC.

However, where it is primarily important in the context of this “lcviews CoronAdvice” is that all of the UCP 600 transport articles (i.e. articles 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or 25) in one form or the other define “shipment”.

Most LCs issued include a latest shipment date, which is the latest date (based on the presented transport document) that goods covered by the LC must be shipped.

LC information (excerpts):

:31D: DATE AND PLACE OF EXPIRY

200501 IN UNITED KINGDOM

:44E: PORT OF LOADING

:44F: PORT OF DISCHARGE

CHINESE PORT

:44C: LATEST DATE OF SHIPMENT

:46A: DOCUMENTS REQUIRED

+ FULL SET ON BOARD MARINE BILLS OF LADING ISSUED TO ORDER OF ISSUING BANK NOTIFY APPLICANT MARKED FREIGHT PREPAID

:48: PERIOD FOR PRESENTATION

Presentation information:

Documents presented by the beneficiary to the nominated bank: 24 April 2020

Goods shipped on board (bill of lading): 6 April 2020

The goods are shipped on board 6 April 2020, which is acceptable because the LC indicates 10 April 2020 as latest date of shipment.

As the period for presentation is 21 days, the presentation must be made no later than 27 April 2020 (i.e. 6 April 2020 + 21 days).

There may well be good reasons to consider extending “latest date of shipment”, as it may not be possible for the beneficiary to ship the goods as originally agreed. However, such amendment to the LC should be aligned with the existing underlying agreement, and there may well be a need to change the agreement accordingly. Likewise, such amendment could also trigger amendments to the date of expiry (see above).

Maturity/due date

According to UCP 600 article 6(b) an LC must state whether it is available by sight payment , deferred payment , acceptance or negotiation .

For the purpose of deferred payment and acceptance, it will apply that the payment is due a fixed period of time after a determinable date (e.g. shipment or sight).

For the purpose of negotiation, the LC may both be payable at sight – or at a future date (as determined by the LC).

For the scenarios where the LC is payable at a future date – that later date will be determined by the wording of the LC. ISBP 745 section B offers guidance in that respect.

:41A: AVAILABLE WITH

BY DEF PAYMENT

:42P: DEFERRED PAYMENT DETAILS

90 DAYS AFTER SHIPMENT

Following that, payment is due 5 July 2020 (i.e. 6 April 2020 + 90 days).

It is possible to change the deferred payment period in the LC via an amendment. However, such amendment to the LC should be aligned with the underlying agreement, and there may well be a need to change the agreement accordingly.

Timeline to determine if a presentation is complying

According to UCP 600 article 14(b) the bank (nominated bank (acting on its nomination), confirming bank and issuing bank) each have a maximum of five banking days following the day of presentation to determine if a presentation is complying. This provision is further qualified by UCP 600 article 16(d) which states that the notice of refusal (if any), must be given by telecommunication or, if that is not possible, by other expeditious means no later than the close of the fifth banking day following the day of presentation .

It is important to understand that this provision is relevant for the banks; I.e. the rationale for changing the “five days period” is for example that the involved banks have activated their contingency planes; and (as an example) the bank officers are working from home – and therefore need more time to examine the presentation and send the notice of refusal. In that respect it is important to understand that the “five days period” is actually a “ maximum of five days period”. I.e. in reality the period could be shorter. In any case, if the timeline to determine if a presentation is complying is to be changed (for the specific LC) then that is possible via an amendment.

In summing up the above, it is possible to change all timelines and dates in an LC and the UCP 600 – but it must be done using the normal way of amending LCs.

Also, it is important to bear in mind that the LC is based upon the underlying agreement between the buyer and the seller, meaning that amendments to the LC should reflect amendments to the underlying agreement.

* In order to change the applicable dates and timelines, there must be made an amendment to the LC.

* Any date or timeline in the LC or the UCP 600 can simply be changed by way of an amendment – given the relevant parties agree to it.

* When considering amending dates and timelines in the LC, the content of the underlying agreement must of course be considered.

* Changing a date or timeline, for example the “period for presentation” may trigger changes to other timelines or dates, for example “latest date of shipment” and “date of expiry”

Look out; more “lcviews CoronAdvice” to come.

Meanwhile – as always, take care of the LC – but take special care of each other during these difficult times.

Kind regards

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‘The Way Home’ Creators Break Down That Mind-Bending Season 2 Finale Twist

By Megan Vick

‘Good Trouble’ Co-Creator Breaks Down the Series Finale’s Emotional Farewell: ‘Will We Be Remembered?’ 1 month ago

"The Way Home" finale, Hallmark Channel.

SPOILER ALERT: This post contains spoilers from “Bring Me to Life,” the Season 2 finale of Hallmark’s “ The Way Home ,” which streams on Peacock and Hallmark Movies Now.

Those flashbacks mean that Colton is a time traveler, and was using the pond long before young Jacob, Alice (Sadie-LaFlemme Snow), or Kat jumped into the mysterious water attached to the Landry farm. This revelation shifts a lot of things we thought we knew about the series, and raises a host of new questions.

In the finale, it also seemed like Elliot (Evan Williams) made a breakthrough episode about the rules of the pond, allowing him to travel back to 1999 with Alice to get his five extra minutes with Colton. Elliot postured that people can travel in tandem with the Landry women, but not go into the future. However, this Colton twist brings the second part of that theory into question.

But that wasn’t the end for Season 2 finale bombshells. The episode also raised questions about Casey Goodwin (Vaughan Murrae), who showed up miraculously to tell Del that the Goodwin family would no longer be purchasing the Landry farm. When they delivered the new paperwork, Alice noticed that Casey was wearing a ring around their neck that looked suspiciously like Brady’s (Al Mukadam) and Kat’s engagement ring that Kat had given to Alice earlier in the season. So now we must question whether Casey is also a time-traveler, and what is her true relationship to the Landry family.

How long have you been planning this Colton twist?

Alex Clarke: For a while. This show is so complex, and is three different shows at any given time. Everything has to kind of intertwine with one era informing another, so yes, you have to know the end before you begin. The idea of Colton as a potential time-traveler was in our minds in the beginning of Season 1. What is so nice is that Jefferson, who plays Colton, has always played the role in this incredibly enigmatic way where you are not sure if he’s recognizing people, if knows more than we’re sharing — and it’s really been such a gift to watch. Now, as we go into Season 3, you can look back and notice the little nuances that you don’t notice the first time you watch an episode. He did a miraculous job with that.

Does that mean he knew it was adult Elliot in the finale?

Clarke: We can neither confirm nor deny! That’s what’s so great about Jefferson’s performance. All we will say is that we will answer a lot of these questions in Season 3.

Are there any scenes that you recommend fans go back and rewatch in light of this twist?

Heather Conkie: I expect the audience will go back and do exactly as Alex said, and watch all of the Colton scenes and see them from a slightly different perspective now.

Clarke: I think one of the things we were heavily influenced by when we first got into the writers’ room was “The Sixth Sense.” Our goal was always that moment at the end of the season where you go, “Wait, what?!” And then you rewatch the whole thing with this new piece of information, and see things in different lights…

This massive revelation in Season 2 is not just that Colton is a time-traveler, but also why does Casey have a ring around their neck that looks like Alice’s?

What does the Colton revelation mean for Elliot’s “Flynn Factor” theory? Is that completely null and void, because Colton obviously can go into the future?

Clarke: Any rule that we explain in the show is usually the right one. At our core, we follow the rules of the pond, because the minute we stop following the rules is the minute we lose the trust of the audience. We have the whole list. We have them up in the office and are very, very careful not to stray from the rules. We can find loopholes, or we can approach that rule in a different way, and that’s hard. But Elliot’s Flynn factor is important to the series.

You also put in a scene between Del and Evelyn Goodwin a few episodes ago that felt ominous, and did not give a lot of context. Are we going to find out more about what happened between those two and Colton in Season 3?

Jacob returns to the present in the finale, but we do not see him reunite with Del. What made you decide to save that for later?

Conkie : It felt right. As Alex said, we only have a limited time and it felt like that moment [between Del and Jacob] was too big a moment to squeeze in. It is inevitable. It will happen.

Clarke : This season was also really a story about Kat bringing Jacob home. It was about her quest to save him and the ultimate question was, can she bring him home? That question we did answer:Yes, and now her quest is done. She achieved that moment. Any reunion with Del is obviously something we all want to see, but that’s another story. The story that we were telling this season was about Kat. As a result, that moment of them heading towards the house and her being the one to say, “I wish dad could see this,” propels us to these big reveal moments. It was her story. We told her story.

Obviously, with all of our stories, there’s never really an end, or every end creates a new beginning. That’s something that we were really mindful of going into Season 3. The idea that every ending is a new beginning is quite a theme.

Does ending this chapter mean that Kat won’t be tempted to go back to 1814 even if she now knows Thomas is still alive?

Clarke: We only give you as much as you need. That’s kind of the motto of the show. [Finding out that Thomas is alive] is a moment that raises a lot of questions for Kat, if and when she and Jacob walk through that kitchen door and what comes next.

Kat and Elliot kind of end on a question mark this season. What do those questions mean for their relationship?

Clarke: I think her closing that chapter is going to open up time for her and Elliot in a way that she never really has been able to give him. Kat is an incredibly impulsive person. She is someone that once she sets her mind to something, she won’t ever give up on it until it’s done, and potentially at the cost of a lot of other things that maybe she’s not even aware of. It will be interesting to see her character start to refocus her priorities.

Elliot has a “let there be light” epiphany at the end of the episode. Is he fully healed from the trauma of losing Colton now after getting to time travel?

Conkie: That was him breaking through not just a wall, but a whole way of thinking and regret. It may open him up in a different way. I think it will change that. He’s taking that step, and just bursting through that wall he put up around himself.

I think both Kat and Elliot are coming to each other with different perspectives now. Kat’s quest is done, but what’s next? Elliot also has way more understanding of why she has done what she’s done. That will leave them in a really interesting place next season.

Obviously, you can’t reveal who Casey Goodwin is to the Landrys, but what are your conversations like with your actors when you know there is going to be a major twist with their character? How much warning do you give them?

Conkie : I’ve always felt as a writer that it’s better to keep actors in the dark in a way, because they react to it immediately when it happens, as opposed to them thinking ahead of time. It’s always the case, but with Vaughan Murrae it was different. I think they had a theory when they got the role. They knew a little bit. They were a person who watched Season 1 with their mom, and they were a fan. So it was incredible for them to come play amongst people that they’ve been watching.

Clarke : To your point, Mom, I think even that very first day they kind of had an idea of where we were going with the character.

Del was developing a romance all season and was finally starting to really open up in these final episodes. What is reuniting with her long-lost son going to do to her drive to be with someone again?

Conkie: Alex and I have thought very hard about how would you handle that after 20-odd years of acceptance that it is never going to happen. It’s bound to change a person in a huge number of ways. Do you go back to treating that 32-year-old like an eight-year-old? Are you overly possessive? Do you push aside every single thing in your life? Other than that, just to get to know this person again, this adult, it’s bound to have a massive effect on Del. It’s going to have a massive effect on Port Haven, because they were such a part of this horrific disappearance and keeping her going in her time of absolute grief. It’s going to affect her relationships, for sure, with everyone.

Clarke: One of the things we always keep in mind is this idea of a happily ever after. That is such a happily ever after moment of a son who has been missing for 24 years walking through the door. What comes after that, though? It’s not like we freeze in time, close the book and we’re done. Happily ever after is a bit of a myth because there is always something after and inevitably it has its own challenges as much as it is a happy ending in the moment.

What is the overall percentage chance that we’re going to see Andie McDowell jump in this pond in Season 3?

Clarke: We are asking ourselves that exact question in the writers’ room. Never say never with anything on our show.We pride ourselves on jaw-drop moments, so there will definitely be more.

This interview has been edited and condensed.

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What is Good Friday? What the holy day means for Christians around the world

Christians around the world observe Good Friday two days before Easter, but what is it, and why do they commemorate the holy day?

The holiday is part of Holy Week, which leads up to Easter Sunday. Palm Sunday kicks off the series of Christian holy days that commemorate the Crucifixion and celebrate Jesus Christ's resurrection.

"Good Friday has been, for centuries now, the heart of the Christian message because it is through the death of Jesus Christ that Christians believe that we have been forgiven of our sins," Daniel Alvarez, an associate teaching professor of religious studies at Florida International University, told USA TODAY.

What is Holy Saturday? What the day before Easter means for Christians around the world

When is Good Friday?

Good Friday is always the Friday before Easter. It's the second-to-last day of Holy Week.

In 2024, Good Friday will fall on March 29.

What is Good Friday?

Good Friday is the day Christ was sacrificed on the cross. According to Britannica , it is a day for "sorrow, penance, and fasting."

"Good Friday is part of something else," Gabriel Radle, an assistant professor of theology at the University of Notre Dame, previously told USA TODAY. "It's its own thing, but it's also part of something bigger."

Are Good Friday and Passover related?

Alvarez says that Good Friday is directly related to the Jewish holiday, Passover.

Passover , or Pesach, is a major Jewish holiday that celebrates the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt.

"The whole Christian idea of atoning for sin, that Jesus is our atonement, is strictly derived from the Jewish Passover tradition," said Alvarez.

How is that possible?

According to the professor, Passover celebrates the day the "Angel of Death" passed over the homes of Israelites who were enslaved by the Egyptians. He said that the Bible states when the exodus happened, families were told to paint their doors with lamb's blood so that God would spare the lives of their firstborn sons.

Alvarez says this is why Christians call Jesus the "lamb of God." He adds that the symbolism of the "blood of the lamb" ties the two stories together and is why Christians believe God sacrificed his firstborn son. Because, through his blood, humanity is protected from the "wrath of a righteous God that cannot tolerate sin."

He adds that the stories of the exodus and the Crucifixion not only further tie the stories together but also emphasize just how powerful the sacrifice of the firstborn and the shedding of blood are in religion.

"Jesus is the firstborn, so the whole idea of the death of the firstborn is crucial," said Alvarez.

He adds that the sacrifice of the firstborn, specifically a firstborn son, comes from an ancient and "primitive" idea that the sacrifice unleashes "tremendous power that is able to fend off any kind of force, including the wrath of God."

Why Is Good Friday so somber?

Alavarez says people might think this holiday is more depressing or sad than others because of how Catholics commemorate the Crucifixion.

"I think [it's] to a level that some people might think is morbid," said Alvarez.

He said Catholics not only meditate on Jesus' death, but primarily focus on the suffering he faced in the events that led up to his Crucifixion. That's what makes it such a mournful day for people.

But, the professor says that Jesus' suffering in crucial to Christianity as a whole.

"The suffering of Christ is central to the four Gospels," said Alvarez. "Everything else is incidental."

According to the professor, statues that use blood to emphasize the way Jesus and Catholic saints suffered is very common in Spanish and Hispanic Countries, but not as prevalent in American churches.

Do you fast on Good Friday?

Father Dustin Dought, the executive director of the Secretariat of Divine Worship of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, previously told USA TODAY that Good Friday and Ash Wednesday are the two days in the year that Roman Catholics are obliged to fast.

"This practice is a way of emptying ourselves so that we can be filled with God," said Dought.

What do you eat on Good Friday?

Many Catholics do not eat meat on any Friday during Lent. Anything with flesh is off-limits. Dought says this practice is to honor the way Jesus sacrificed his flesh on Good Friday.

Meat that is off limits includes:

Instead, many Catholics will eat fish. According to the Marine Stewardship Council , this is allowed because fish is considered to be a different type of flesh.

Contributing: Jordan Mendoza ; USA TODAY

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