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Apart from population control, there must be more planninga The Risks from Its Population Shifts

Pakistan has a strategic location, abundant resources, and a youthful population. However, demographic shifts and challenges impede social cohesion and economic growth. The Pakistan Bureau of Statistics 2023 census estimated a population of  241.5 million  and ranked Pakistan as the fourth most populous country globally. This also meant that it had registered an annual growth rate of  2.1 percent , compared to the world growth rate of just 1.0 percent. Thus, by 2030, Pakistan’s population is expected to surge to  311.5 million , equivalent to an additional 70 million people. This massive population increase will strain already scarce resources and enhance the demand for essential services like social safety, healthcare, and education.

Demographically, the median age in Pakistan is 22, meaning more than  50 percent  of the population is below 25. If the country provides quality education, skills and jobs to its youth, this will be an opportunity to increase the country’s economic growth levels and reduce poverty. However, the window of opportunity is closing quickly because Pakistan’s population will be aging rapidly in the coming decades. By 2040, the share of the working-age population (15-64 years) will be around  68 percent , which will start declining to  62 percent  by 2060. The proportion of elderly over 65 years will increase from  4 percent  between 2020 to  15 percent  by 2060. This entails that Pakistan will, in the future, have to provide social security and healthcare for an aging population while maintaining its economic growth and fiscal sustainability.

Pakistan’s population presents both possibilities and problems for the country’s economic growth and development. Pakistan’s future trajectory and possibilities will be determined by how it handles its demographic challenges. If Pakistan can leverage on its demographic dividend while regulating its challenges, it has the potential to become a successful and progressive country. The time to act has arrived.

Urbanization has been an engine of growth for many developing countries, as it increases physical proximity and access to basic services. On the other hand, failure to effectively manage urbanization may result in oversized mega-cities full of pollution, crime, and inequality. Pakistan has to devise an integrated strategy to take care of the population problem for the welfare of its citizens. This requires coordinated efforts from the government, the private sector, civil society, and the international community in the following areas:

Population policy:  The growth of the Pakistani population poses a big problem for development. The population policy of Pakistan must outline how the country will deal with issues related to population growth patterns and distribution. The policy should be focused on reducing the high fertility rate, which still stands at  3.6 children  per woman, by improving family planning use, especially among the rural women.

Human development:  Pakistan faces a human capital crisis, as it ranks low on the HDI scale and has high rates of poverty and malnutrition among its population, especially children. As per the  UN Report , Pakistan was ranked number 154 out of 189 nations on the HDI 2021, with approximately 24.3 percent of its population living in poverty and 40.2 percent of its children suffering from malnutrition. Similarly, according to the Pakistan  National Human Development Report , Pakistan is the 2nd country where 32 percent of children aged 5 to 16 are out of school. To address this issue, more investment in human capital is needed by revising education, health, and social security policies, which can improve people’s skills, health, and welfare and reduce inequality.

Economic development:  Pakistan’s economy suffers from low growth, poverty, and unemployment. As reported by the  World Bank , Pakistan’s GDP declined by 0.6 percent in FY23, and the overall poverty rate in the country stood at 24.3 percent.  The Pakistan Bureau of Statistics  indicated that Pakistan had an unemployment rate of 8.9 percent in FY 21 and -6.8 percent export growth in FY 20. In this regard, creating more and better job opportunities, particularly within the urban context, is essential for developing the country’s economy. The country should also focus on enhancing its productivity and competitiveness, leading to increased exports and foreign investments.

Urban development:  Urbanisation is a major challenge for Pakistan, as it has the highest rate in the region and a large and growing urban population. The  UN Human Development report  shows that Pakistan is leading in urbanization in the region, with over one-third of its citizens residing in cities in 2017. The  UN  projects that by 2025, roughly 40 percent of the country’s population will live in urban areas. To manage this, Pakistan needs a national urban policy that can improve urban planning and governance, strengthen local government’s service delivery and infrastructure, and promote inclusive and sustainable development for all urban dwellers.

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Pakistan Development Update October 2022: Inflation and the Poor - Executive Summary in Urdu

2/10/2023 03:04:00 PM

Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment

World Bank Annual Report (The World Bank Annual Report)

South Asia (SAR)

Inflation,Macroeconomic Management,Macroeconomics and Economic Growth

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Essay Outline: Economic Crisis in Pakistan: Challenges and Prospects

Table of Contents

CSS Essay Outline: Economic Crisis in Pakistan: Challenges and Prospects

By: mureed hussain jasra (csp), introduction.

1. Global economic crisis 2. Economy of Pakistan at a crossroads 3. Causes of economic decay In Pakistan

Challenges of Economic Crisis in Pakistan

1. Dwindling foreign exchange reserves 2. Current account deficit increasing exponentially 3. Stagnant Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) 4. Reduced Foreign Direct Investment (FDIs) 5. Shameful picture on human development index 6. Social fabric of Pakistan torn by a never ending war on terror 7. Myopic financial policies leading to fiscal quandary of Pakistan: Relying on IMF 8. Regressive taxation exempting the wealthy and squeezing the poor of Pakistan 9. Clienteles politics directly conflicting progressive reforms in fiscal policy 10. Rampant corruption and money laundering further festering the economic crisis of Pakistan 11. Mass illiteracy: biggest hurdle in the way of producing a well-trained workforce concentration of wealth in a few hands

Prospects of Economic Crisis in Pakistan

1. Increasing political awareness translating into positive political will necessary for economic progress in Pakistan 2. Investment by foreign countries and individual 3. Peaceful environment due to curtailment of terrorism: conducive environment for economic stability in Pakistan 4. Burgeoning middle class auguring well for economic prognosis of Pakistan 5. Policy initiative keeping public opinion at the center: a sure way for a stable economy 6. China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a harbinger of economic stability 7. Advances in science and technology 8. Continuation of democracy laying a frame work of stable Pakistan 9. A robust foreign policy centered on regional cooperation to achieve trade viability 10. Restoration of relation with neighboring countries

About the author

Mureed Hussain Jasra (CSP)

Mr. Mureed Hussain Jasra boasts of a diverse professional background. Being a Civil Servant, he has served at important positions in the Federal Secretariat and autonomous bodies dealing with the important policy level matters. Prior to joining Civil Service of Pakistan, he served as a lecturer of English in the Federal Government of Pakistan and won accolades in academic circles and intelligentsia for his professional commitment and devotion to work. Mureed Hussain Jasra's current fame among the CSS aspirants owes to his stellar success as being the most towering CSS coaching teacher and mentor. Under his careful mentorship, many young men and women have won distinctions in the CSS/PMS competitive examinations and are now serving the nation in different capacities. He regards teaching as the singular driving passion of his life and has founded Civil Services Preparatory School for the young aspirants. Mr. Jasra is an avid reader of books and loves debate on history, culture, literature and governance. He is Masters in English Literature.

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I want to ask something, plz answer if you have credible information. Is the paper pattern going to be changed from the next year? Will the exams of 2020 be as per Three Cluster System?

Short essay on Pakistan’s Economy

Pakistan is a developing country and like many other developing countries Pakistan has a semi industrialized economy and basically comprises of textiles, chemicals, food processing, the agricultural sector and various other industries. It is a surprising fact that Pakistan’s economy is the 27 th largest growing economy in the world when measured in terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). The economy has suffered from political instability, rising population growth rate and a war of words with the neighboring country India which has proved to be very costly for Pakistan’s economy.

There is worldwide financial crisis and rising inflation due to which Pakistan’s economy is suffering from a balance of payment crisis. The IMF initially loaned Pakistan $7.6 billion in 2008 to avoid a BOP crisis and this was increased to $11.3 billion in the year 2010. For Pakistan’s economy the mid 2000s proved to be the most fruitful as the country experienced a GDP growth rate of 7% on an average from 2003-2007. In the year 2007 Pakistan was able to increase its foreign reserves substantially to about $16.4 billion. This was a period during which the country’s trade deficit was in control and there was a rise in revenue generation. Pakistan was able to attract foreign investments up to $8.4 billion and the country’s exports rose over $18 billion. However, Pakistan’s growing economy suffered a substantial blow in the year 2008 as the role of Pakistan in the “War on Terror” started facing severe retaliation. This increasing uncertainty and instability caused the country to lose a major crux of its FDI as it fell from $8 billion to $3.5 billion. After 2008 Pakistan’s situation does not seem to improve. The economy suffers from heavy trade deficits, rising inflation rates and a fall in the value of Rupees which fell from 60-1 USD to 90-1 USD in 2012.

The rising level of security concerns has furthered the economy near to a collapse. Pakistan is considered to be in a state of war and is a victim of terrorism for the past few years. This has caused economic and political instability in the country resulting in a fall in foreign investments. Many of the people do not feel safe in the country due to which skilled labour from Pakistan is migrating to other developed nations. They do not want to risk their time and resources in an uncertain economy where they feel they would not be paid a price according to their skills. Foreign investors do not feel comfortable in investing in Pakistan’s economy because the returns are not enough to match the risk in investing in a weakened economy like Pakistan. Other than this they do feel that their lives are not safe as they could also become victims of terrorist groups operating in the country.

Although Pakistan’s economy is facing severe economic problems at the moment, it still has the potential to recover and revive its economy but to do that serious amounts of efforts are required at both the governmental and individual level.

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پاکستانی کلچر پر ایک مضمون

پاکستان اسلامی جمہوریہ کے نام سے جانا جاتا ہے۔ پاکستان ایک ایسی قوم ہے جو جنوبی ایشیاء میں واقع ہے۔ اس قوم کے متعدد نسلی گروہ اور ثقافتیں موجود ہیں جیسے پنجابی ، کشمیری ، مہاجر ، پشتون ، شنکی ، اور کچھ دیگر کمیونٹیز جو پورے ملک میں پھیلی ہوئی ہیں۔ ان ثقافتوں کو چھوڑ کر یہ گروہ ایک نئی ثقافت کی شکل میں سامنے آئی ہے جو پڑوسی ممالک اور ان کی ثقافتوں سے بہت زیادہ متاثر ہوئے ہیں۔ پاکستان کی ثقافت جنوبی ایشیاء کی دوسری اقوام سے بھی منفرد ہے۔

پاکستان کی زبانیں

پاکستان ملک کی آبادی 60 سے زیادہ زبانیں بولتی ہے اور ان سب میں اردو کو قومی زبان بنایا گیا ہے جس کو بولنے والوں کا ایک بہت بڑا طبقہ ہے۔ اردو قومی زبان ہونے کے علاوہ مسلمانوں کی زبان بھی ہے۔ ملک میں اردو بنیادی زبان ہونے کے باوجود بھی آبادی کا صرف ٪8 طبقہ ہی اسے بنیادی زبان کے طور پر استعمال کرتا ہے۔ دوسری سرکاری زبان انگریزی ہے جو حکومت اور قانونی امور کے لئے استعمال کی جاتی ہے۔ بیشتر حصے میں عوام انگریزی کی ایک خاص تغیر کا استعمال کرتی ہے جسے پاکستانی انگریزی کہا جاتا ہے۔ ان دونوں زبانوں کے علاوہ عربی کو اسلام کی تعلیم میں ایک اہم زبان کا درجہ عطا کیا گیا ہے۔

ان کے علاوہ پاکستان کی سب سے عام زبان پنجابی زبان ہے۔ آبادی کا ٪ 44.15 حصہ اس زبان کا استعمال کرتا ہے اور یہ زبان زیادہ تر پنجاب کے آس پاس کے علاقوں میں استعمال کی جاتی ہے۔ دوسری زبانوں میں سندھی شامل ہے جو زیادہ تر سندھ میں بولی جاتی ہے۔ سرائیکی زبان جو زیادہ تر ہندوستان کے جنوبی پنجاب اور زیادہ تر خطوں میں بولی جاتی ہے۔ نیز اس میں دوسری زبانیں بھی شامل ہیں۔ قوم کے پانچوں صوبوں میں سے ہر ایک میں ایک صوبائی زبان موجود ہے جسے قومی قانون نے تسلیم نہیں کیا۔

پاکستان کا کھانا

ایشیاء کے بیشتر ممالک کی طرح پاکستان میں بھی کھانا اس کے پڑوسیوں سے متاثر ہوتا ہے۔ پاکستان کے معاملے میں بیرونی اثر و رسوخ عام طور پر افغانستان اور مشرق وسطی سے ہے۔ ملک کے مختلف خطوں میں کھانا پکانے کے انداز اور تکنیک میں کافی فرق ہوتا ہے۔ مثال کے طور پر صوبہ سندھ اور پنجاب اپنے مسالہ دار کھانوں کے لئے جانا جاتا ہے جو ہندوستانی کھانے سے کافی ملتا جلتا ہوتا ہے۔ اس کے برعکس شمالی و مغربی صوبوں جیسے آزاد جموں و کشمیر اور خیبر پختون میں ایسا کھانا تیار کیا جاتا ہے جو ہلکا اور کم مسالے دار ہوتا ہے جو وسطی ایشیاء کے باورچی خانے سے متعلق طرز کے جیسا ہے۔ پاکستانی کھانے میں بریانی ، ابلا ہوا چاول ، اور کباب سب سے زیادہ پسند کیے جاتے ہیں۔ مقامی کھانوں کے علاوہ بین الاقوامی طرز نے بھی قوم کو متاثر کیا ہے۔ در حقیقت فیوژن فوڈ ایک عام رواج ہے خاص طور پر ملک کے شہری علاقوں میں۔ فیوژن فوڈ کی ایک مثال پاکستانی چینی کھانا ہے۔

شعر و شاعری

پاکستان میں انگریزی شاعری ، بلوچی شاعری ، اور پشتو شاعری جیسے مختلف زمروں میں درجہ بند نظموں کا بھرپور ذخیرہ ہے۔ صوفی شاعری کا ایک اور زمرہ ملک میں مضبوطی سے جڑ گیا ہے۔ چونکہ اس خطے کو پرانے ادوار میں فارسی حکمرانوں کی زبردست پذیرائی حاصل تھی لہذا یہاں کی فارسی شاعری کافی مشہور ہے۔ شاعری صرف قومی سطح پر ہی نہیں بلکہ صوبائی سطح پر بھی کی جاتی ہے۔ چونکہ 1947 میں آزادی کے بعد اردو قومی زبان بن گئی تھی اور اب زیادہ تر نظمیں اردو میں ہی لکھی جاتی تھیں۔ اردو میں نظمیں لکھنے والے کچھ مشہور شاعروں میں احمد فراز ، احمد ندیم قاسمی ، اور فیض احمد فیض کے نام اہم ہیں۔

پاکستان میں بہت ساری تقریبات وقتاً فوقتاً عمل میں آتی رہتی ہیں۔ مسلمان آبادی والے کسی بھی دوسرے ملک کی طرح پاکستان بھی رمضان المبارک کا مقدس مہینہ مناتا ہے اور اس مہینے کے دوران تمام مسلمان صبح سے شام تک روزے رکھتے ہیں اور زیادہ کثرت سے مساجد میں شریک ہوتے ہیں۔ اس کے علاوہ رمضان المبارک کے مقدس مہینے کے موقع پر عید الفطر اور عید الاضحی جیسے تہوار بھی مناۓ جاتے ہیں۔

مذہبی تقریبات کے علاوہ قوم ہر 14 اگست کو یوم آزادی کے موقع پر جشن مناتی ہے جب پاکستان نے برطانوی ہندوستان سے آزادی حاصل کی تھی۔ اس خصوصی دن کے موقع پر ملک بھر میں کئی مساجد میں لوگ قومی نماز کے لئے جمع ہوتے ہیں۔ صبح آزادی کی جنگ میں اپنی جانوں سے ہاتھ دھو بیٹھنے والوں کو 21 توپوں کی سلامی کے ذریعے یاد کیا جاتا ہے۔ دیگر پروگراموں میں قومی ترانہ گایا جاتا ہے اور شہروں اور عمارتوں کو سجایا جاتا ہے۔

تفریح ​​اور کھیل

فیلڈ ہاکی پاکستان کا باضابطہ طور پر تسلیم شدہ کھیل ہے حالانکہ اسکواش اور کرکٹ زیادہ مقبول ہیں۔ قومی فیلڈ ہاکی ٹیم کو ہاکی ورلڈ کپ میں کچھ کامیابی ملی ہے کیوں کہ اس نے چار بار ٹرافی اپنے نام کی ہے۔ قومی کرکٹ ٹیم نے 1992 کا کرکٹ ورلڈ کپ جیتا ہے اور اس کے بعد 1999 میں رنر اپ کارکردگی کا مظاہرہ کیا تھا۔ قوم 1987 اور 1996 کے کرکٹ ورلڈ کپ کے میزبان بھی کھیل چکی ہے۔ کرکٹ ٹیم نے دیگر تعریفیں جیسا کہ 2009 کے آئی سی سی ورلڈ ٹی ٹوئنٹی، ایشیا کپ ، اور آئی سی سی چیمپئنز ٹرافی 2017 میں جیتا ہے۔

بین الاقوامی سطح پر قوم نے سمر اولمپکس میں کھیلوں میں حصہ لیا ہے جن میں فیلڈ ہاکی ، ایتھلیٹکس ، شوٹنگ ، باکسنگ ، اور تیراکی شامل ہیں۔ ہاکی وہ کھیل ہے جس میں پاکستانیوں نے سب سے زیادہ کامیابی 1960 ، 1968 ، اور 1984 میں تین طلائی تمغے جیتنے کے بعد حاصل کی تھی۔ 2005 میں اس کے آغاز کے بعد سے گراں پری ریسنگ نے بھی کچھ مقبولیت حاصل کی۔ ایک اور کھیل جو عروج پر ہے وہ فٹ بال۔

پاکستان کو بین الاقوامی سطح پر دستکاری میں بڑا امتیاز حاصل ہے۔ چنیوٹ کا لکڑی کا فرنیچر ، سیالکوٹ کا کھیلوں کا سامان اور ملتان اور حیدرآباد کی کڑھائی دنیا بھر میں مشہور ہے۔

پاکستانی موسیقی کی مختلف اقسام کی نمائندگی ہوتی ہے۔ اس میں قوالی اور غزل جیسے روایتی انداز کی زیادہ جدید شکلیں ہیں جو روایتی پاکستانی موسیقی کو مغربی موسیقی کے ساتھ ملا دیتے ہیں۔

پاکستان میں ثقافتوں ، لوگوں اور زمین کی تزئین کی آمیزش کی وجہ سے سیاحت کی صنعت بڑھ رہی ہے۔ موہنجوداڑو ، ہڑپہ اور ٹیکسلا کی قدیم تہذیبی کھنڈرات ، مراریی کے پہاڑی اسٹیشنوں تک ، اور شوگنان اور سری پای کی پیدل سفر والی پٹریوں ، ہر ایک کے پاس ہر طرح کے مسافر کو کچھ پیش کش ہے۔ پاکستان کے شمالی حصوں میں بہت سے پرانے قلعے اور برج ہیں۔ یہاں کے لوگوں کے ساتھ گلگت ، ہنزہ اور چترال کی وادیاں خاص طور پر خوبصورت مقامات ہیں۔

Essay on Inflation in Pakistan for Students

by Pakiology | Mar 22, 2024 | Essay | 0 comments

In this essay on inflation in Pakistan, we will look at the causes, effects, and solutions to this issue that has been affecting the country for decades. The term ‘inflation’ refers to a sustained rise in the prices of goods and services in an economy. In Pakistan, inflation has been a major concern since the late 1990s, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) reaching a peak in 2023. We will explore the various factors that have contributed to inflation in Pakistan, its economic effects, and what can be done to address the issue.

Page Contents

Essay on Inflation Outlines

Causes of inflation in pakistan, effects of inflation, solution to control inflation.

• Introduction

Inflation in Pakistan is caused by several factors, which can be divided into two main categories: domestic and external. The main domestic causes of inflation are an increase in money supply, an increase in government spending, an increase in indirect taxes, and a decrease in economic growth.

The most significant contributor to inflation in Pakistan is an increase in the money supply. When there is too much money chasing after too few goods, prices rise, creating a situation known as demand-pull inflation. An increase in the money supply can be caused by the central bank printing more money or by the government borrowing more money from the public.

In addition, higher government spending can lead to inflation. This occurs when the government prints more money to finance its expenditure or borrows from the public and transfers the cost of this additional spending to businesses and consumers. This leads to higher prices for goods and services. Indirect taxes are another major factor that contributes to inflation in Pakistan. When indirect taxes are increased, prices of goods and services also increase, leading to an overall rise in prices.

Finally, low economic growth can also cause inflation in Pakistan. A weak economy reduces people’s purchasing power, forcing them to buy less, which reduces demand and leads to lower prices. However, when economic growth stalls, businesses are unable to sell their products at the same price as before, leading to a rise in prices.

Overall, inflation in Pakistan is caused by a combination of domestic and external factors. These include an increase in money supply, higher government spending, increases in indirect taxes, and a decrease in economic growth.

The effects of inflation on the economy can be both positive and negative. Inflation erodes the purchasing power of money, meaning that each unit of currency is worth less than it was before. This means that, as the cost of living increases, people can purchase fewer goods and services for the same amount of money. As a result, their standard of living decreases.

Inflation also reduces the real return on investments and savings, which can have a detrimental effect on economic growth. When inflation is high, people prefer to save their money rather than invest in a business or other activities. This reduces the availability of capital and results in slower economic growth.

In addition to decreasing standards of living, inflation can lead to unemployment if companies are not able to increase wages at the same rate as prices rise. This can lead to an increase in poverty, as people struggle to afford necessities. Furthermore, when prices rise faster than wages, it puts pressure on government budgets and can increase public debt.

Inflation can also cause the value of the local currency to depreciate against foreign currencies. This has a direct impact on the cost of imports and makes domestic goods less competitive in international markets. It can also have an indirect impact on exports, as it reduces the competitiveness of local producers in foreign markets.

Inflation is a serious issue in Pakistan, and it needs to be addressed to improve the country’s economic conditions. The following are some of the measures that can be taken to control inflation in Pakistan:

1. Fiscal policy: A strong fiscal policy is necessary for controlling inflation. The government should increase its revenue by implementing taxes on the wealthy and reducing public spending. This will help reduce budget deficits, which will result in lower inflation.

2. Monetary policy: The State Bank of Pakistan should adopt a tighter monetary policy to control inflation. It should raise interest rates so that investors have an incentive to save rather than spend, thus curbing demand-pull inflation.

3. Supply-side measures: There should be an increase in the production of essential commodities and products to meet the demand of consumers. This will help reduce prices and inflation in the long run.

4. Subsidies: The government should provide subsidies to those who are suffering due to the high prices of essential items. This will help them cope with the rising cost of living and ensure that they have access to essential goods and services.

5. Stabilizing exchange rate: A stable exchange rate between foreign currencies and the rupee is necessary for controlling inflation. The State Bank of Pakistan should strive to keep the rupee’s value stable by using currency swaps and other methods.

These measures can go a long way in controlling inflation in Pakistan. By taking these measures, the government can help improve the country’s economic condition and create an environment conducive to investment and growth.

What is inflation in simple words?

Inflation is a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

What are the 4 main causes of inflation?

The 4 main causes of inflation are: Demand-pull inflation: when there is an increase in demand for goods and services that outstrip the economy’s ability to produce them. Cost-push inflation: when the cost of production increases, causing companies to raise prices to maintain their profit margins. Built-in inflation: when businesses expect prices to rise and build that expectation into their prices, causing a self-fulfilling cycle of inflation. Imported inflation: when the cost of imported goods increases, leading to higher prices for consumers.

What are the 5 main causes of inflation?

The 4 main causes of inflation are: 1. Demand-pull inflation 2. Cost-push inflation 3. Built-in inflation 4. Imported inflation 5. Monetary inflation

What is inflation introduction?

Inflation is a phenomenon that has been observed throughout history. It refers to the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

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Essay on Pakistan: A Brief History and Overview

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• July 22, 2023
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“There is no power on earth that can undo Pakistan.” (Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah)

Introduction

Pakistan got its independence on 14 th August 1947. The country’s main purpose was to live life freely as Muslims. Pakistan is located in the south of Asia. It is in the south of the Arabian Sea. It has 4 neighboring countries. Pakistan is in 33 rd rank among other countries based on area.

It is also known to be the third largest country in Asia based on land area. Pakistan’s border in the east is with India, which has a border of 3,323 kilometers; Pakistan’s border with Afghanistan is in the northwest it has a border of 2,640 kilometers; Pakistan’s border with Iran is in the west it has a border of 909 kilometers whereas Pakistan border with China is 523 kilometers long and is located in the northeast.

Pakistan Army is ranked as the 6 th strongest army among the 145 countries. Pakistan has the world’s second-highest mountain K2, with the third highest, Tirch Mir, and the three highest mountain ranges, i.e., Hindukush, Karakoram & Himalayas. Pakistan also has the world’s deepest sea port in Gwadar. Pakistan’s Edhi Foundation is the world’s largest ambulance service provider.

Sialkot (a city in Pakistan) produces half of the world’s balls, which resulted in Pakistan becoming the world’s largest hand-sewed football; these footballs are also used in FIFA World Cups. Tarbela Dam is the world’s largest earth-filled dam. Pakistan is the only Muslim country that has nuclear power. 

The world’s fourth-largest irrigation system is also in Pakistan. Out of 100% population, 96.2 percent of Muslims in Pakistan, 1.6% Hindus, Christians 1.59%, etc. Cholistan, Thar, and Thal are some of the famous desserts in Pakistan. 

Before writing essay on Pakistan , lets disucss its history first. Muslims of the subcontinent were not given the proper rights and were harassed for living according to the Islamic way. Pakistan was a dream for Allama Muhammad Iqbal that came true after many sacrifices and struggles of many Muslims.

The major effort and struggle was of Quid e Azam M.A. Jinnah. This effort to get a separate country started when Muslims started facing persecution. The idea of two nation theory was presented that Muslims and Hindus are different nations that can’t live together peacefully.

Quaid e Azam succeeded on 14 Aug 1947 when a new country known as Pakistan was formed. Initially, Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan, but due to the 1971 civil war and political problems, East Pakistan (Bangladesh) proclaimed its independence.

When Pakistan got its independence, it faced several problems, such as unfair boundary distribution, economic problems, the Kashmir dispute, electricity problems, division of financial assets, etc. Karachi was chosen as the capital of Pakistan Quaid e Azam was the first governor-general, and Liaquat Ali Khan was the prime minister. 

Pakistan is one of the lucky countries. It has all four seasons due to the location. Winter is from December to February, spring is from March to May, Summer is from June to September, and retiring monsoon or autumn is from October to November. This season and their time can differ according to the location, as Pakistan has all plains, plateaus, mountains, or hilly areas.

Pakistan has several rivers; the longest is Indus; other rivers are Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Kabul. The amazing thing is that the coastal areas are normally dry and hot, whereas the lowland plains are cooler than coastal areas, and the uplands or Himalayas are much cooler than the plain; this means at the same time, all seasons can be seen in Pakistan. 

Region & Demography

Pakistan has a total area of 796,095 square kilometers. Pakistan has a total population of 207.68 million. The capital of Pakistan is Islamabad. Pakistan has 4 provinces, i.e., Punjab, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Sindh. Punjab was given to this province because of Punj (five) and Aab (Water), i.e., land of river. The population of Punjab is 110 million, Balochistan is 12.34 million, Sindh is 47.89 million, and KPK is 35.53 million.

The area of Punjab is a total of 50,362 square kilometers. The area of Balochistan is 347,190 square kilometers. The area of Sindh is 140,914 square kilometers. The area of KPK is 101,741 square kilometers. There are 170 districts in Pakistan. These districts are further divided into tehsil and union councils.

These districts include all the districts in provinces, Azad Kashmir, the capital territory, and Gilgit Baltistan. Pakistan is considered a young nation as the average age is 23.4, and the 104 million population is the age bracket of 25 to 30. 

Language & Culture

The national language of Pakistan is Urdu. More than 60 languages are spoken in different areas of Pakistan. The common language in Punjab is Punjabi, whereas in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the language spoken is Pashto, and in Sindh and Balochistan, Sindhi and Balochi, respectively. Hindko, Saraiki, Kashmiri, Gujarati, and other languages are spoken in Pakistan.

The culture of Pakistan is based on Islam, and the main reason for having Pakistan as a separate country is to establish the culture of Islam freely. Several festivals and events are important in Pakistan, such as Eid ul Fitr, Eid ul Adha, Ramadan, etc.

Other minorities can also easily celebrate their festivals, such as Christmas, Easter, Holi, Diwali, etc. Let’s talk about different people in provinces.

Punjab : People in Punjab are mostly warm-hearted and loving. Several tribes, clans, or castes have different cultures and traditions. Their culture and dresses are very bright and mix of colors.  

Balochistan : This province is considered to be barren lands and deserts and mountains, but this culture has a culture that is full of traditions, art, and craft, as well as embroidery females mostly do these things. These people are known for their festivals and tribes.  

Sindh : These people mostly have agricultural lifestyles. These people practice farming and fishing. These people are dominated by Sufis music. 

KPK : The people of KPK are mostly Pathans; they are the most hardworking people and always like to know more about their race; they are obsessed with the race. 

Economy is one of the important thing to discuss in this essay on Pakistan. The major sources of livelihood are agriculture, forestry as well as fishing. Pakistan is ranked in 43 of the major economies. Inflation will be approximately 19.87% in 2022. Around one-half of the laborers are doing these activities.

Several crops are the basis of a good economy, such as cotton, tobacco, pulses, chickpeas, sugarcane, wheat, rice, etc. Pakistan doesn’t have many minerals and energy resources. One-eighth of the labor is engaged in the manufacturing of products. The main imports of the nation are petroleum products, machinery, chemicals, fertilizers, etc., whereas the major exports are cotton, ready-made garments, dried fish, rice, leather goods, etc. 

Pakistan is one of the countries with great potential for providing education. Education is one of the most important factors in Pakistan. Although education is not up to the mark, many improvements are still being made, and many schools, colleges, and universities are being established.

HEC (Higher Education Commission) is the biggest institute in Pakistan responsible for overseeing, regulating, and accrediting the higher education efforts in Pakistan. The level of education depends on the financial resources and the commitment level of the government; in Pakistan, the resources are limited, and that’s why there are fewer teachers and education-providing facilities. There are a total of 218 universities in Pakistan. 

National Symbols 

The national symbols of Pakistan are

• Markhor (National Animal)
• Chukar (National Bird) 
• Deodar (National Tree)
• Jasmine (National Flower) 
• Allama Muhammad Iqbal (National Poet)
• Quaid e Azam (National Hero) 
• Shalwar Qameez (National Dress)
• Hockey (National Sports) 
• Indus River (National River)
• Okra (National Vegetable)
• Dolphin (National Aquatic Animal)
• Mango (National Fruit)

To conclude essay on Pakistan I would say that Pakistan has faced several challenges since its independence. But on the other hand, Pakistan is rich in culture and has a young population. This population can help Pakistan to become more economically stable and help Pakistan to prosper. This country had been faced several challenges, such as poverty, terrorism, and political instability, and done major improvements in many scenarios.

Pakistan’s strength is its location and size; this country also benefits from foreign aid and receives donations from IMF, World Bank, and the USA, which means that Pakistan has some good international relations. The major weakness of Pakistan is that people lack knowledge in different fields to become a more modernized society. Pakistan also lacks an efficient education system.

There is improper governance, a lack of an efficient education system, and health care problems that can lead to future difficulties for Pakistan . As Pakistan has faced many challenges in history, it can also face any other challenge with faith and strength. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 

• How many times has martial law been applied in Pakistan? 

In total 4 martial laws have been applied 

First: 7th October 1958 (Iskandar Mirza)

Second: 25th March 1969 (Yahya Khan)

Third: 25th July 1997 (Zia ul Haq)

Fourth: 12th October 1999 (Pervaiz Musharraf) 

• Who was the first president of Pakistan?

The first president was Major General Iskandar Mirza; he was elected on 5th March 1956. 

• Who was the first Chief of Army Staff in Pakistan?

The first COAS of Pakistan was Lt. General Tikka Khan, appointed on 20th March 1972. 

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