literature review on solid waste management in philippines

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Review of the waste management system in the Philippines

Like other developing countries, waste management has become a major problem in the Philippines in the past decades. This paper provides an overview of the waste management and recycling in the Philippines and the responses of the government to address various problems brought about the improper waste management. It reviews the policies related to waste management from 1938 to 2001, including the latest and perhaps the most comprehensive solid waste management policy in the country, the Philippine Republic Act 9003 (RA 9003). It presents the issues on the implementation of these policies, the status of the compliance by the local government, and the recent initiatives and activities to promote proper waste management and recycling. Using the experiences of some selected case studies, it illustrates the potential and benefits of recycling both in addressing the waste management problems and in alleviating poverty. This paper concludes that the application of good governance through participation of various stakeholders, strong awareness campaign, and promotion and replication of innovative and appropriate technologies that are necessary to achieve sound waste management and sustainable recycling industry. "Atienza, 2008"

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This paper explores the participation or the lack of it by the local actors in the Solid Waste Management sector in the City of Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippines. It endeavours to understand the rationale behind a case of ‘disconnect’ in ‘participatory roles’ amidst the background of democratization, decentralization and participatory governance leading to the notions of state and community failure. The paper takes advantage of governance theories in conceptualizing the main argument that is in an episode of what may be categorized as a situation of ‘failure’ on the part of the actors in the ‘governance triangle1’, the bureaucracy still stands as the most significant driver to revolutionize solutions to development issues by virtue of its ‘responsibility to its citizenry’ or more formally its nature institutionally, legally and organizationally. It is not the people in the community, the private firms and non-government organizations nor funding donors who have the inherent role to ind...

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Preliminary assessment of solid waste in Philippine Fabrication Laboratories

• Lemuel Clark Velasco 1 ,  ,  , 
• Mary Jane Burden 1 , 
• Marie Joy Satiniaman 1 , 
• Rachelle Bea Uy 1 , 
• Luchin Valrian Pueblos 1 , 
• Reynald Gimena 2
• 1. Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Philippines
• 2. Mindanao State University-Marawi, Philippines
• Received: 08 March 2021 Accepted: 10 June 2021 Published: 30 June 2021
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Solid waste management is seen as a response to the increase in waste generation due to the rising number of industrial facilities. This includes digital manufacturing facilities such as Fabrication Laboratories (FAB LAB) which acts as innovation centers that generates prototypes using a common set of digital fabrication equipment. Previous studies have tackled with the environmental impacts of FAB LABs in a macro-level scale; however, there has been a lack of research specifically assessing the solid waste of laboratories, more so on Philippine FAB LABs. A baseline assessment study on FAB LABs of the Philippines could be applicable in future implementations of solid waste management systems through the crafting of institutional policies and guidelines for environmental sustainability. Using data gathered from 11 respondent FAB LABs, this study quantified percentage compositions of the waste according to waste type as well as the relative waste generated by each respondent FAB LAB. Machine availability was seen as a factor in waste generation resulting in the high generation of wood and plastic waste. Moreover, it was observed that earlier established laboratories generally had more active makers than recently established ones, hence the older FAB LABs statistically produced more waste. Approximately 53% of the overall waste produced was considered recyclable by Philippine standards but the actual recyclability of the waste was still undetermined due to the ambiguous criteria for recyclables and the lack of feedback data from recycling facilities. The initial findings suggest that an implementation of continuous waste monitoring, sufficient in-laboratory protocols, and coordination between FAB LABs and recycling facilities could improve actual waste recyclability and—by extension—the environmental sustainability of Philippine FAB LABs.

• Fabrication Laboratories ,
• environmental sustainability ,
• solid waste management ,
• digital manufacturing ,
• solid waste assessment

Citation: Lemuel Clark Velasco, Mary Jane Burden, Marie Joy Satiniaman, Rachelle Bea Uy, Luchin Valrian Pueblos, Reynald Gimena. Preliminary assessment of solid waste in Philippine Fabrication Laboratories[J]. AIMS Environmental Science, 2021, 8(3): 255-267. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2021017

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• Figure 1. Composition of waste by-products produced by Philippine FAB LABs
• Figure 2. Summary of available machines and equipment in different Philippine FAB LABs
• Figure 3. Distribution of overall solid wastes from different Philippine FAB LABs
• Figure 4. Recyclability of wastes generated by Philippine FAB LABs

“A Literature Review on Solid Waste Management: Characteristics, Techniques, Environmental Impacts and Health Effects in Aligarh City”, Uttar Pradesh, India”

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• Harit Priyadarshi 8 ,
• Sarv Priya 9 ,
• Ashish Jain 8 &
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India is known as one of the most heavily settled countries in the world. It appears to be the second country to have the highest number of residents. With the total population of about expected data 1.37 billion in 2019. The management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in India has encountered problems. Each year, the population grew by 3–3.5%, as this factor arises, the rate of solid waste generation also rise up to 1.3% in Aligarh city, Uttar Pradesh a large number of ingenious factors like, rapid urbanization, rapid population density, rapid commercialization, uneven living standards and also enlargement of industrialization has created destructive consequences in terms of biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste generations which are estimated at about 415 tons per day.

This paper emphasizes the waste characteristics, techniques, adverse environmental impacts, health risks, poor waste management practices and also problems associated with the solid waste management system at the municipal level.

The findings from this study indicates failure of the existing facilities due to lack of concern, high volume of waste generation, deficient collection space, delayed sanctioning of new landfill sites and a number of open-dump sites which generate fires. The innuendos of the waste management practices in the city are discussed.

• Sources of M.S.W
• Component of M.S.W
• Health risks and sustainable approaches

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Acknowledgement

First of all I would like to thanks Hon’ble Prime minister Narendra Damodar Das Modi to continue the dream of Mahatma Gandhi Make in India mission “Mission for sanitary India. The authors acknowledge all the persons involved in Aligarh Municipal Corporation (AMC) for providing all the pertinent information.

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Harit Priyadarshi & Ashish Jain

Department of Civil Engineering, KIET, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India

Department of Geology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India

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Priyadarshi, H., Priya, S., Jain, A., Khursheed, S. (2020). “A Literature Review on Solid Waste Management: Characteristics, Techniques, Environmental Impacts and Health Effects in Aligarh City”, Uttar Pradesh, India”. In: Ameen, H., Jamiolkowski, M., Manassero, M., Shehata, H. (eds) Recent Thoughts in Geoenvironmental Engineering. GeoMEast 2019. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34199-2_6

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