Introduction to Organizational Behavior
- First Online: 02 August 2023
Cite this chapter
- Josiah Kwia 4
339 Accesses
1 Citations
Organizational behavior (OB) takes a systematic approach to understand how individuals and groups behave in organizations as well as the relationship between people and organizations. This chapter examines organizational behavior from the viewpoints of professionals and researchers. First, a case is presented describing individuals’ behavior in difficult circumstances, and then a brief definition of organizational behavior follows. Next, we will analyze how organizational behavior differs from human resources. Then we will proceed to OB during the pandemic. We will also review why we study OB: from Taylor’s Principles of Scientific Management to Mayo and Roethlisberger’s Human Relations Theory (Hawthorne Effect), to understand the history of organizational behavior. The following is a synopsis of all the topics that will be discussed in the book. Last, we look at organizational behavior research. This section provides an explanation of why and how we conduct OB research, as well as breaks down various study designs and measurement issues.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
- Available as PDF
- Read on any device
- Instant download
- Own it forever
- Available as EPUB and PDF
- Durable hardcover edition
- Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
- Free shipping worldwide - see info
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Institutional subscriptions
Henri Fayol developed an approach to managing businesses that have come to be known as Fayolism during his career as a mining engineer, executive, author, and director. The development of modern management is generally attributed to Henri Fayol (Fayol, 1949 ). Over the course of the twentieth century, his management theories influenced industrial management practices in a significant way. The ideas of Fayol were developed independently of other theories that were prevalent at the time, such as those of Elton Mayo and Human Relations. Fayol outlined the skills needed for effective management in his 14 Principles of Management. Fayol’s management theories are still used today. Besides the Principles, Fayol identified five basic management functions. Among the management functions are planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. Fayol emphasized that managerial skills are different from technical skills. Moreover, Fayol recognized that management is a field requiring research, teaching, and development. Fayol proposed 14 principles and five functions that form the basis of Administrative Theory. A variety of nonacademics shared their experiences and contributed to its progress. Fayol’s Five Functions of Management originated the planning-organizing-leading-controlling framework that remains an influential management framework throughout the world today.
Abbreviations
Captain Chengquan
Human Resources
Human Relations Theory
National Football Association
National Hockey League
Organizational Behavior
Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 267–299). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Google Scholar
Ammar, A., Chtourou, H., Boukhris, O., Trabelsi, K., Masmoudi, L., Brach, M., et al. (2020). COVID-19 home confinement negatively impacts social participation and life satisfaction: A worldwide multicenter study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17 , 6237. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176237
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Anderson, B. R., Ivascu, N. S., Brodie, D., Weingarten, J. A., Manoach, S. M., Smith, A. J., et al. (2020). Breaking silos: The team-based approach to coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic staffing. Critical Care Explorations, 2 , e0265.
Ashkanasy, N. M., & Dorris, A. D. (2017, March 29). Organizational behavior . Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology. https://oxfordre.com/psychology/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.001.0001/acrefore-9780190236557-e-23
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2021). The first year of COVID-19 in Australia: Direct and indirect health effects . Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
Bilotta, I., Cheng, S., Davenport, M. K., & King, E. (2021). Using the job demands-resources model to understand and address employee well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 14 , 267–273.
Article Google Scholar
Coscieme, L., Fioramonti, L., Mortensen, L. F., Pickett, K. E., Kubiszewski, I., Lovins, H., et al. (2020). Women in power: Female leadership and public health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. MedRxiv .
Dunn, M., Stephany, F., Sawyer, S., Munoz, I., Raheja, R., Vaccaro, G., & Lehdonvirta, V. (2020). When motivation becomes desperation: Online freelancing during the COVID-19 pandemic .
Fayol, H. (1949). General and Industrial management (Trans. C. Stores). Pitman. (Orginally published in 1916.)
Frank, M. G., & Gilovich, T. (1988). The dark side of self- and social perception: Black uniforms and aggression in professional sports. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54 (1), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.1.74
Article PubMed Google Scholar
Ginger. (2020, April). COVID-19: Four radical changes in U.S. worker mental health needs . https://www.ginger.io/resources .
González Ramos, A. M., & García-de-Diego, J. M. (2022). Work–life balance and teleworking: Lessons learned during the pandemic on gender role transformation and self-reported well-being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 , 8468.
Greenberg, J. (1990). Employee theft as a reaction to underpayment inequity: The hidden cost of pay cuts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75 , 561–568.
Hannum, L. (2021, June). 7 strategies for effectively managing organizational change . Beehive. https://beehivepr.biz/7-strategies-for-effectively-managing-organizational-change/
Harter, J. (2022, April 25). U.S. employee engagement slump continues . Gallup.com. Retrieved October 25, 2023, from https://www.gallup.com/workplace/391922/employee-engagement-slump-continues.aspx
Irawanto, D. W., Novianti, K. R., & Roz, K. (2021). Work from home: Measuring satisfaction between work–life balance and work stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Economies, 9 , 96.
Juchnowicz, M., & Kinowska, H. (2021). Employee well-being and digital work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Information, 12 , 293.
Judge, T. A., Thoresen, C. J., Bono, J. E., & Patton, G. K. (2001). The job satisfaction-job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127 , 376–407.
Li, J. Y., Sun, R., Tao, W., & Lee, Y. (2021). Employee coping with organizational change in the face of a pandemic: The role of transparent internal communication. Public Relations Review, 47 , 101984.
Mayo, E. (1924). The basis of industrial psychology. Bulletin of the Taylor Society, 9 , 249–259.
Mayo, E. (1933). The human problems of an industrial civilization . New York: MacMillan.
Morales-Vives, F., Dueñas, J.-M., Vigil-Colet, A., et al. (2020). Psychological variables related to adaptation to the COVID-19 lockdown in Spain. Frontiers in Psychology, 11 , 565634.
Qiang, D. (2016, January 14). “Self-reported by the people who experienced the Pacific” Escape . Esquire. Retrieved January 12, 2023, from https://web.archive.org/web/20170814112318/http:/www.esquire.com.cn/2016/0114/233205.shtml
Qiang, D. (2019, December 3). Massacre in the Pacific: A personal account by Du Qiang . Words Without Borders. https://wordswithoutborders.org/read/article/2019-12/december-2019-true-crime-massacre-in-the-pacific-personal-account-du-qiang/
Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A., Millett, B., & Boyle, M. (2014). Organisational behaviour (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Roethlisberger, F. J., & Dickson, W. J. (1939). Management and the worker . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Silva, C., Albuquerque, P., de Assis, P., Lopes, C., Anníbal, H., Lago, M. C. A., & Braz, R. (2022). Does flossing before or after brushing influence the reduction in the plaque index? A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Dental Hygiene, 20 , 18–25.
Starcevic, V., & Janca, A. (2022). Personality dimensions and disorders and coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 35 , 73–77. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000755
Sun, R., Li, J. Y. Q., Lee, Y., & Tao, W. (2021). The role of symmetrical internal communication in improving employee experiences and organizational identification during COVID-19 pandemic-induced organizational change. International Journal of Business Communication, 2021 , 23294884211050628.
Sutton, R. I., & Rafaeli, A. (1988). Untangling the relationship between displayed emotions and organizational sales: The case of convenience stores. Academy of Management Journal, 31 (3), 461–487. https://doi.org/10.5465/256456
Tan, W., Hao, F., McIntyre, R. S., Jiang, L., Jiang, X., Zhang, L., et al. (2020). Is returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic stressful? A study on immediate mental health status and psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures of Chinese workforce. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 87 , 84–92.
Taylor, F. W. (1911). The principles of scientific management . Harper Brothers.
Ward, P. (2022a, September 1). Management theory of Henri Fayol: Summary, examples . NanoGlobals. Retrieved January 9, 2023, from https://nanoglobals.com/glossary/henri-fayol-management-theory/
Ward, P. (2022b, August 15). Frederick Taylor’s principles of scientific management theory . NanoGlobals. Retrieved September 20, 2022, from https://nanoglobals.com/glossary/scientific-management-theory-of-frederick-taylor/
Zhou, X., Vohs, K. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (2009). The symbolic power of money: Reminders of money alter social distress and physical pain. Psychological Science, 20 , 700–706.
Download references
Author information
Authors and affiliations.
Herberger Business School, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, USA
Josiah Kwia
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar
Corresponding author
Correspondence to Josiah Kwia .
Editor information
Editors and affiliations.
Department of Management & Entrepreneurship, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, USA
James A. Tan
Department of Art, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, USA
Gustavo Valdez Paez
Rights and permissions
Reprints and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Kwia, J. (2023). Introduction to Organizational Behavior. In: Hou, N., Tan, J.A., Valdez Paez, G. (eds) Organizational Behavior. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31356-1_1
Download citation
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31356-1_1
Published : 02 August 2023
Publisher Name : Springer, Cham
Print ISBN : 978-3-031-31355-4
Online ISBN : 978-3-031-31356-1
eBook Packages : Behavioral Science and Psychology Behavioral Science and Psychology (R0)
Share this chapter
Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.
Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative
- Publish with us
Policies and ethics
- Find a journal
- Track your research
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Audit Field Experiments (AFE) systematically vary inputs into a process and measure whether these changes cause unexpected or unintended variability in output.5 In many cases, the goal of the AFE is to understand if the process itself works as intended, while keeping the existing process untouched.
We are also going to study the. individual fa ctors s uch as personality, attitude, learning, perception, motivation. and ability with respect to organizational behavior and commitment. 1.1 ...
a pioneering paper by Andrew Pettigrew in 1979, published in Administrative Science Quarterly. Cultural anthropologists had already developed a productive paradigm, typically derived from case studies devoted to understanding norms and beliefs within different 200 J.A. Chatman, C.A. O'Reilly/Research in Organizational Behavior 36 (2016) 199-224
Worry at work: How organizational culture promotes anxiety. Organizational culture profoundly influences how employees think and behave. Established research suggests that the content, intensity, consensus, and t of cultural norms act as a social control system for fi attitudes and behavior.
Abstract: The paper examines the current trend in OB research. It looks into the different dynamics in public and private sector, it analyses the transformational change in Indian organizations. It also reflects the future ... Organizational Behaviour Research: A Critical Analysis DOI: 10.9790/487X-171113347 www.iosrjournals.org 35 | Page ...
Organizational behavior involves the design of work as well as the psychological, emotional and interpersonal behavioral dynamics that influence organizational performance. Management as a discipline concerned with the study of overseeing activities and supervising people to perform specific tasks is crucial in organizational behavior and ...
Organization al behavior (OB) is a field of study devoted to recognizing, explaining, and eventually. developing the attitudes and behaviors of people (indiv idual and group) within organizations ...
theoretical foundation for my research, I bring together conceptual and methodological streams from various disciplines including organizational behavior, behavioral decision re-search, and cognitive and a↵ective psychology. I then employ multiple methods, including laboratory experiments involving psychophysiology as well as field research.
The first paper in our special issue by Hirst, Yeo, Celestine, Lin, and Richardson reviewed this agency research then put forward several research propositions to broaden future directions of agency research, such as tackling its paradox with the societal and corporate mechanism of control, folding in the importance of employee reflection and ...
tially profound. Fortunately, the data collected and used within organizations can also be repurposed for organizational research, opening new ways to measure behavior and study people at work (Salganik, 2019). The rise of people analytics in organizations is associated with new. 0191-3085/© 2023 The Author.
Full-text available. Jan 2024. Hamid Khan. This is a presentation about General Purpose System Simulation to recruit student effectively by prediction modeling and using Organizational Behavior ...
The study of Organizational Behavior as a discipline can be categorized into three simple levels: micro level (individual); meso level (group) and macro level (organization) (Barbour, 2017). The period before 1890 is known as the Pre-Scientific Management era. In the period after 1890, Management Theories started gaining importance.
The Journal of Organizational Behavior publishes empirical reports and theoretical reviews of research in the field of organizational behavior at individual, group and organizational levels. The journal is a valuable resource for all those interested in occupational psychology, behavior management, and psycho/social/legal management aspects of working life.
organizational policies and practices to persist in the face of new realities unless skills and norms of inquiry are developed (Argyris and Schon, 1996). Organizational behavior appears to be a product of the confluence of several forces whose interaction and mutual adaptation governs the evolution of the organization over time. It
Abstract. Organizational behavior (OB) takes a systematic approach to understand how individuals and groups behave in organizations as well as the relationship between people and organizations. This chapter examines organizational behavior from the viewpoints of professionals and researchers. First, a case is presented describing individuals ...
organizational behaviour is both research and application oriented. According to Kreitner and Kinicki (2004) there are three basic levels of analysis in organizational behaviour, which are; individual, group and organizational levels. While the individuals and groups bring their skills, knowledge, values, motives and attitudes into the ...
Organizational Behaviour and its Effect on Corporate Effectiveness. June 2020. International Journal of Economics and Financial Research. DOI: 10.32861/ijefr.66.121.129. Authors: John Nkeobuna ...
About the journal. Research in Organizational Behavior publishes commissioned papers only, spanning several levels of analysis, and ranging from studies of individuals to groups to organizations and their environments. The topics encompassed are likewise diverse, covering issues from individual emotion and cognition …. View full aims & scope.
3.3 Organizational behavior 14 3.3.1 Individual level variables 15 3.3.2 Group level variables 15 3.3.3 Organizational system level variables 15 3.4 Organizational culture and organizational behavior 16 3.5 Advantages organizational culture has on behavior 17 4 CASE STUDY 19 4.1 Case Overview 19 4.2 Organizational culture 19 4.2.1 Symbols 20
According to Callahan, Fleenor and Kudson "Organizational Behaviour is a subset of management activities concerned with understanding, predicting and influencing individual behaviour in organisational setting." Thus organizational Behaviour is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations.
Organizational Behaviour is the study, understanding and application of knowledge about. how people, individuals, and groups act in organisations. This is done by using a compelling. system ...
2 - Organizational Cultures and Environment . 2.1 The Organization's External Environment 44 2.2 External Environments and Industries 48 2.3 Organizational Designs and Structures 51 2.4 The Internal Organization and External Environments 61 2.5 Corporate Cultures 67 2.6 Organizing for Change in the 21st Century 70 Key Terms 71
Chapter 1 Introducing organizational behaviour. Dropping below the surface is where we begin to analyse the theory. This level looks at. the theory's strengths and weaknesses, identifying the ...