sst ppt presentation for class 9 climate

Social Science Presentation for Class 9

Geography - contemporary india i, chapter 1: india – size and location, chapter 2: physical features of india, chapter 3: drainage, chapter 4: climate, chapter 5: natural vegetation and wildlife, chapter 6: population, history - contemporary world i, chapter 1: the french revolution, chapter 2: socialism in europe and the russian revolution, chapter 3: nazism and the rise of hitler, chapter 4: forest society and colonialism, chapter 5: pastoralists in the modern world, civics - democratic politics i, chapter 1: what is democracy why democracy, chapter 2: constitutional design, chapter 3: electoral politics, chapter 4: working of institutions, chapter 5: democratic rights, chapter 1: the economic history of palampur, chapter 2: people as resource, chapter 3: poverty as a challenge facing india, chapter 4: food security.

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Class 9 Social Science PPT for Online Teaching

• Last modified on: 7 months ago
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We are providing Highly Animated Class 9th Social Science PPTs. Make your online teaching interesting with our interactive highly animated PowerPoint presentations for Social Science.  A must buy for teachers teaching online.

Get PowerPoint presentations for complete class 9 Social Science SST. These PPTs are very useful for teaching purpose. These Social Science PPTs based on class 9th syllabus are completely editable. So, if you want to add some slides or want to make some changes in it, then you can easily do.

For sample and other queries please feel free to contact on WhatsApp (7065827902). We will be happy to help you!

PPT for Class 9 Social Science Geography – Contemporary India I

Chapter 1 India Size and Location PPT Chapter 2 Physical Features of India PPT Chapter 3 Drainage PPT Chapter 4 Climate PPT Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wild Life PPT Chapter 6 Population PPT

PPT for Class 9 Social Science Civics – Democratic Politics I

Chapter 1 Democracy in the Contemporary World NCERT Solutions PPT Chapter 2 What is Democracy? Why Democracy? PPT Chapter 3 Constitutional Design PPT Chapter 4 Electoral Politics PPT Chapter 5 Working of Institutions PPT Chapter 6 Democratic Rights PPT

PPT for Class 9 Social Science Economics

Chapter 1 The Story of Village Palampur PPT Chapter 2 People as Resource PPT Chapter 3 Poverty as a Challenge PPT Chapter 4 Food Security in India PPT

PPT for Class 9 Social Science History – India and the Contemporary World I

History Chapter 1 The French Revolution PPT Chapter 2 Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution PPT Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler PPT Chapter 4 Forest Society and Colonialism PPT Chapter 5 Pastoralists in the Modern World PPT Chapter 6 Peasants and Farmers PPT Chapter 7 History and Sport: The Story of Cricket PPT Chapter 8 Clothing: A Social History PPT

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Climate Class 9 Notes – Get All Chapters With Revision In Pdf & PPT

Are you searching for CBSE’s NCERT Climate Class 9 Notes? If yes, then you are in the right place. We provide notes for all the topics and subtopics of the social science climate chapter. You will also get short & detailed notes, questions and answers, pdf exercises, ppt presentations in both Hindi and English language. In this blog post, we have brought for you the best collection of geography chapter 4 climate important notes and tell you how to get them free.

Climate Class 9 Notes Chapter Wise

The climate chapter 4 of class 9 has seven main topics that are further divided into subtopics. You can see them in detail below.

Introduction

Climate is one of the most important natural elements of the Earth. It occurs everywhere on Earth and it is an essential part of the ecosystem. While climate change is often associated with damage to the environment, it is also vital for the existence of life on Earth. It helps regulate the temperature of the Earth, seasonality, and the water cycle.

Climate v/s Weather

As a Metrologist, it is important to understand the difference between the terms “climate” and “weather”. Weather is a word used to describe local conditions at a given time, while “climate” includes weather, but also encompasses long-term trends in employment or rising prices. For example, you may have noticed lately that temperatures outside seem more extreme than usual. This would indicate an unusually hot summer season whereas, if it had rained all day yesterday, you could deem it an unusually wet day for this area.

Climate Controls

Climatic Controls are factors that affect the climate of any given location. Differences in population density, changes to the surface caused by building construction, variations in solar radiation due to altitude, and large-scale ocean currents all can have significant effects on a region’s weather patterns over time. These are the primary variables that affect the Earth’s climate.

• Pressure and Wind
• Distance from the sea
• Ocean Currents

Factors Affecting India’s Climate

India’s climate is affected by 3 primary factors, latitude, altitude, pressure, and surface winds. There are other factors that are less but these are the 3 primary factors that affect India’s climate. With the help of these factors, India’s climate becomes humid, hot, cold, dry, wet, tropical, subtropical, temperate, or arctic.

Indian Monsoon

The use of the Arabic word ‘mausim’ for the season gives us the origin of the term ‘monsoon’ . This word means ‘season’ in Arabic, hence when translated to its English equivalent, you come up with season or period. Like when it rains seasonally in India where this wind is prominent. The monsoon wind is strong, a seasonal wind that occurs in southern and southeastern Asia. It works in cycles that range from May to September when it typically blows from west to east over India. The two main terms of the Indian monsoon are given below:

• Onset of the Monsoon & Withdrawal

India has marked four different seasons one can identify. The time of year tends to vary greatly, but it’s especially noticeable in the interior parts of this country. The coastal regions don’t feel as much change in temperature, though, and they do experience slight differences in rainfall depending on the season. Across India, there is an abundance of fascinating geography for tourists to see, including natural wonders like waterfalls, lakes, mountains (and rocky cliffs!), but most particularly the sandy beaches. The names of India’s 4 seasons are given below:

• Transition Season

Distribution of Rainfall

Measuring rainfall over such a massive area is quite difficult and the resultant statistics can be misleading. On one hand, we could look at Mumbai; annual rainfall here is about 2205 mm (about 95.5 inches) yet the amounts drop sharply eastward across India down to North of Delhi, where it’s barely half that.

Further east and it’s halved again and then halves again and then halves again! This makes for fast changes in land use near ecosystems with low rainfall. We’ve found you can work out an “average” rainfall per year by drawing a line from Mumbai more or less east/northeast up the country until it hits Gurgaon close to Delhi on its way southeast.

India receives a moderate amount of rainfall each year. Although generally rainy all year long, the weather may differ from region to region, allowing for a select few months to be quite dry. For example, Gujarat and Rajasthan have a strong chance of severe drought while the areas in the southern part of India experience heavy rainfall which could potentially lead to flooding during certain seasons. Moreover, since there are so many different types of climates in India, generalization may not always be possible!

Monsoon as a Unifying Bond

Most cold air in the northern hemisphere gathers by way of cyclones and gulf currents and is sent to warmer climatic regions such as southern India. This contributes to temperatures up to 3 degrees Celsius higher than those found closer to Earth’s poles, according to sources from leading universities.

Despite the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal touching on three sides, this region remains moderate due to such mitigating factors as heat-reducing winds and increased heat absorption from water bodies. The lulling nature of the monsoons has a unifying effect on approximately one billion people, as they rely on it for their daily lives through agricultural activities and worship.

It only takes the arrival of the monsoon for life in India to run more smoothly and for clocks to align with society’s needs. The monsoon typically arrives between June and September and is an annual, heavy rain that affects South Asia and some parts of East Asia. During this time, hot air from the northern hemisphere pushes southward over India, which makes everything turn green! Farmers look out at their terraced lands with joy as all of their hard work paying off, while children their families celebrate with fun, annual events such as Holi (the festival of colors).

How to Download Social Science Geography Climate Class 9 Notes Chapter 4 in Hindi & English?

To get a complete picture of the Indian climate, you would have to look at the given details above. We have made the process easier by putting all the data including further details of topics with extra questions & answers, and revision notes in pdf form. You can now get these pdf notes that have all the information you need to understand about the climate.

And with that, we end our blog post about the climate class 9 notes. We hope that you have gained some new knowledge of the Indian climate and that you can make the most of it in the future. If you have any questions or want some advice on this topic, please feel free to contact us. We would appreciate it very much! Thank you for reading, and have a great day!

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Science ~ chapter 9 climate

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Presentation on theme: "Science ~ chapter 9 climate"— Presentation transcript:

What is Climate? What is Climate?.

Aim: What’s the difference between weather and climate?

What Causes Climate? Chapter 18 Section 1.

World Geography Unit 2: World Climate Patterns Ocean Currents and Other Factors That Affect Climate.

Chapter 2 – Section 3 Climate, Weather and Vegetation

What causes Climate ? Text Book page #

World Geo WINDS Understand the cause of winds and how they affect climate Chapter 4 Pages

Weather, Climate, Air Masses, and Global Winds

What causes climate Chapter 4 – Section 1.

Climate and Climate Change

Earth’s Climate and Vegetation

Global Patterns & Relative Humidity

Making Connections Chapter 12

Weather Factors Global Patterns 5.3.

I. Climates and Ecosystems

Chapter 4 .1 What Causes Climate?

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• NCERT Solutions
• NCERT Class 9
• NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science
• Class 9 Geography
• Chapter 4 Climate

NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Geography Social Science Chapter 4: Climate

Ncert book solutions for class 9 geography chapter 4 – cbse free pdf download.

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 Climate are designed by the subject matter experts at BYJU’S to assist students with their CBSE exam preparation. Students might have read about landforms and the drainage of our country in Chapters 2 and 3, respectively. These are two basic elements that students have learned. In Chapter 4 of NCERT Solutions , they will learn about the third element: atmospheric conditions.

The chapter deals with India’s climate condition, factors affecting India’s climate, the Indian monsoon, the onset of the monsoon and withdrawal, different seasons in India and the distribution of rainfall. Students will find the questions related to these topics in the exercise section. We have provided the answers to the exercise questions in NCERT Solutions Class 9 Geography Chapter 4 Climate PDF. Students can download the PDF from the link provided below and refer to it for their CBSE exam preparation.

• Chapter 1 India Size and Location
• Chapter 2 Physical Features of India
• Chapter 3 Drainage
• Chapter 5 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
• Chapter 6 Population

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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Studies (Geography) Chapter 4 – Climate

Solutions for Chapter 4 of Geography are given below. Students can also check NCERT Solutions for Class 9 for other subjects.

Exercise Page No 39

1. Choose the correct answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) Which one of the following places receives the highest rainfall in the world?

(a) Silchar

(b) Mawsynram

(c) Cherrapunji

(d) Guwahati

(ii) The wind blowing in the northern plains in summer is known as:

(a) Kaal Baisakhi

(c) Trade Winds

(d) None of the above

(iii) Which one of the following causes rainfall during winters in the northwestern part of India?

(a) Cyclonic depression

(b) Retreating monsoon

(c) Western disturbances

(d) Southwest monsoon

Western disturbances

(iv) Monsoon arrives in India approximately in:

(a) Early May

(b) Early July

(c) Early June

(d) Early August

(v) Which one of the following characterises the cold-weather season in India?

(a) Warm days and warm nights

(b) Warm days and cold nights

(c) Cool days and cold nights

(d) Cold days and warm nights

Warm days and cold nights.

2. Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) What are the factors affecting the climate of India?

The factors affecting the climate of India are

1. Latitude

2. Altitude

3. Pressure and Winds

(ii) Why does India have a monsoon type of climate?

The climate of India is described as the ‘monsoon’ type. Monsoon refers to the seasonal reversal in the wind direction during a year. The monsoon type of climate is characterised by a distinct seasonal pattern. The weather conditions greatly change from one season to the other. These changes are particularly noticeable in the interior parts of the country. The coastal areas do not experience much variation in temperature, though there is variation in the rainfall pattern. Four main seasons can be identified in India – the cold weather season, the hot weather season, the advancing monsoon and the retreating monsoon with some regional variations. The climate of India is strongly influenced by monsoon winds. The duration of the monsoon is between 100-120 days from early June to mid-September.

(iii) Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why?

The regions experiencing this phenomenon are in the northwestern part of India. The reason behind this effect is the Thar desert. Moreover, this region does not have an ocean to moderate the temperature.

(iv) Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar Coast?

Southwest monsoon winds are responsible for rainfall along the Malabar Coast.

(v) What are Jet streams, and how do they affect the climate of India?

Jet Streams are a narrow belt of high altitude (above 12,000 m) westerly winds in the troposphere. Their speed varies from about 110 km/h in summer to about 184 km/h in winter. A number of separate jet streams have been identified. The most constant is the mid-latitude and subtropical jet stream. They cause depression during the monsoon season.

(vi) Define monsoons. What do you understand by “break” in monsoon?

Breaks in monsoon are related to the movement of the monsoon trough. For various reasons, the trough and its axis keep on moving northward or southward, which determines the spatial distribution of rainfall. When the axis of the monsoon trough lies over the plains, rainfall is good in these parts. On the other hand, whenever the axis shifts closer to the Himalayas, there are longer dry spells in the plains, and widespread rain occurs in the mountainous catchment areas of the Himalayan rivers.

(vii) Why is the monsoon considered a unifying bond?

The unifying influence of the monsoon on the Indian subcontinent is quite perceptible. The seasonal alteration of the wind systems and the associated weather conditions provide a rhythmic cycle of seasons. Even the uncertainties of rain and uneven distribution are very much typical of the monsoons. The Indian landscape, its animal and plant life, its entire agricultural calendar and the life of the people (including their festivities) revolve around this phenomenon. Year after year, the people of India, from north to south and from east to west, eagerly await the arrival of the monsoon. These monsoon winds bind the whole country by providing water to set agricultural activities in motion. The river valleys which carry this water also unite as a single river valley unit.

3. Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India?

As they move in that direction, the winds lose the moisture content. Hence, the reason for the reduction in rainfall.

4. Give reasons as to why.

(i) Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent?

1. Seasonal change in wind direction due to pressure difference.

2. El Nino plays a major role.

(ii) The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.

Rainfall is dependent on the South West Monsoon winds; it rapidly progresses and covers large swathes of the country by July.

(iii) The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.

It is because of North-East monsoon winds.

(iv) The delta region of the eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.

The Bay of Bengal faces frequent pressure changes.

(v) Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.

Because they fall in the rain shadow region of the Aravali Mountains.

5. Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples

• The cold weather season begins in mid-November in northern India and stays till February. December and January are the coldest months in the northern part of India. The temperature decreases from south to north. The average temperature of Chennai, on the eastern coast, is between 24°-25° Celsius, while in the northern plains, it ranges between 10°C and 15° Celsius. Days are warm, and nights are cold. Frost is common in the north, and the higher slopes of the Himalayas experience snowfall
• In March, the highest temperature is about 38° Celsius, recorded on the Deccan plateau. In April, temperatures in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh are around 42° Celsius. In May, the temperature of 45° Celsius is common in the northwestern parts of the country. In peninsular India, temperatures remain lower due to the moderating influence of the oceans.

6. Discuss the mechanisms of the monsoon.

(a) The differential heating and cooling of land and water create a low pressure on the landmass of India while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure. 

(b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer over the Ganga Plain. (This is the equatorial trough, normally positioned about 5°N of the equator. It is also known as the monsoon trough during the monsoon season.)

(c) The presence of the high-pressure area, east of Madagascar, approximately at 20°S over the Indian Ocean. The intensity and position of this high-pressure area affect the Indian Monsoon. 

(d) The Tibetan Plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents and the formation of low pressure over the plateau at about 9 km above sea level. 

(e) The movement of the westerly jet stream to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the tropical easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsula during summer.

7. Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.

The cold weather season begins in mid-November in northern India and stays till February. December and January are the coldest months in the northern part of India. The temperature decreases as we go from the south to the north. The average temperature in Chennai, on the eastern coast, is between 24°-25° Celsius. At the same time, in the northern plains, it ranges between 10°C and 15° Celsius. Here, the days are warm, and the nights are cold. Frost is common in the north, and the higher slopes of the Himalayas experience snowfall. During this season, the northeast trade winds prevail over the country. They blow from land to sea, and hence, for the most part of the country, it is a dry season. Some amount of rainfall occurs on the Tamil Nadu coast from these winds as here they blow from sea to land. In the northern part of the country, a feeble high-pressure region develops, with light winds moving outwards from this area. Influenced by the relief, these winds blow through the Ganga Valley from the west and the northwest. The weather is normally marked by clear sky, low temperatures and low humidity and feeble, variable winds. A characteristic feature of the cold weather season over the northern plains is the inflow of cyclonic disturbances from the west and the northwest. These low-pressure systems originate over the Mediterranean Sea and western Asia and move into India along with the westerly flow. They cause much-needed winter rains over the plains and snowfall in the mountains. Although the total amount of winter rainfall (locally known as ‘Mahawat’) is small, they are of immense importance for the cultivation of ‘rabi’ crops. The peninsular region does not have a well-defined cold season. There is hardly any noticeable seasonal change in temperature patterns during winters due to the moderating influence of the sea.

8. Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.

The Monsoon, unlike the trades, is not a steady wind but is pulsating in nature, affected by different atmospheric conditions encountered by it on its way over the warm tropical seas. The duration of the monsoon is between 100-120 days from early June to mid-September. Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increases suddenly and constantly continues for several days. This is known as the ‘burst’ of the monsoon and can be distinguished from the pre-monsoon showers. The monsoon arrives at the southern tip of the Indian peninsula, generally by the first week of June. Subsequently, it proceeds into two: the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch. The Arabian Sea branch reaches Mumbai about ten days later on approximately the 10th of June. This is a fairly rapid advance. The Bay of Bengal branch also advances rapidly and arrives in Assam in the first week of June. The lofty mountains cause the monsoon winds to deflect towards the west over the Ganga Plains. By mid-June, the Arabian Sea branch of the monsoon arrives over Saurashtra-Kachchh and the central part of the country. The Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal branches of the monsoon merge over the northwestern part of the Ganga Plains. Delhi generally receives the monsoon showers from the Bay of Bengal branch by the end of June (tentative date is 29th of June). By the first week of July, western Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and eastern Rajasthan experience the monsoon. By mid-July, the monsoon reaches Himachal Pradesh and the rest of the country.

Climate Summary

Chapter 4 – Climate of NCERT Geography Class 9 talks about one of the most important factors of human survival, i.e., climate. The climatic conditions of an area decide the livelihood of people belonging to that particular area. Climate refers to the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time (more than thirty years). Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point in time.

Students will also study the various other factors affecting the climate of a country. Given below are two important topics that students will study in this chapter:

1. Climatic Control

2. Factors affecting India’s Climate

• Pressure and Wind

3. Indian Monsoon

4. The Seasons

• Cold Weather Season
• Hot Weather Season
• Rainy Season
• Retreating/Post Monsoon

5. Distribution of Rainfall

The world is divided into a number of climatic regions, and climate plays a very important role in determining the lifestyle of people, the vegetation and the type of animals that can survive in specific climatic conditions. The entire existence of living beings revolves around climatic conditions, and students will study the same in this chapter.

To get the chapter-wise answers of History, Geography, Political Science and Economics textbooks, go through the NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science  page.

Disclaimer:

Dropped Topics –  Jet streams, western cyclonic disturbances, The Indian Monsoon, the onset of the monsoon and withdrawal and related Figs 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.6 .

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