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How To End A Presentation & Leave A Lasting Impression

By Krystle Wong , Aug 09, 2023

So you’ve got an exciting presentation ready to wow your audience and you’re left with the final brushstroke — how to end your presentation with a bang. 

Just as a captivating opening draws your audience in, creating a well-crafted presentation closing has the power to leave a profound and lasting impression that resonates long after the lights dim and the audience disperses.

In this article, I’ll walk you through the art of crafting an impactful conclusion that resonates with 10 effective techniques and ideas along with real-life examples to inspire your next presentation. Alternatively, you could always jump right into creating your slides by customizing our professionally designed presentation templates . They’re fully customizable and require no design experience at all! 

Click to jump ahead:

Why is it important to have an impactful ending for your presentation?

10 effective presentation closing techniques to leave a lasting impression, 7 things to put on a conclusion slide.

• 5 real-life exceptional examples of how to end a presentation

6 mistakes to avoid in concluding a presentation

Faqs on how to end a presentation, how to create a memorable presentation with venngage.

People tend to remember the beginning and end of a presentation more vividly than the middle, making the final moments your last chance to make a lasting impression. 

An ending that leaves a lasting impact doesn’t merely mark the end of a presentation; it opens doors to further exploration. A strong conclusion is vital because it:

• Leaves a lasting impression on the audience.
• Reinforces key points and takeaways.
• Motivates action and implementation of ideas.
• Creates an emotional connection with the audience.
• Fosters engagement, curiosity and reflection.

Just like the final scene of a movie, your presentation’s ending has the potential to linger in your audience’s minds long after they’ve left the room. From summarizing key points to engaging the audience in unexpected ways, make a lasting impression with these 10 ways to end a presentation:

1. The summary

Wrap up your entire presentation with a concise and impactful summary, recapping the key points and main takeaways. By doing so, you reinforce the essential aspects and ensure the audience leaves with a crystal-clear understanding of your core message.

2. The reverse story

Here’s a cool one: start with the end result and then surprise the audience with the journey that led you to where you are. Share the challenges you conquered and the lessons you learned, making it a memorable and unique conclusion that drives home your key takeaways.

Alternatively, customize one of our cool presentation templates to capture the attention of your audience and deliver your message in an engaging and memorable way

3. The metaphorical prop

For an added visual touch, bring a symbolic prop that represents your message. Explain its significance in relation to your content, leaving the audience with a tangible and unforgettable visual representation that reinforces your key concepts.

4. The audience engagement challenge

Get the audience involved by throwing them a challenge related to your informational presentation. Encourage active participation and promise to share the results later, fostering their involvement and motivating them to take action.

5. The memorable statistic showcase

Spice things up with a series of surprising or intriguing statistics, presented with attention-grabbing visual aids. Summarize your main points using these impactful stats to ensure the audience remembers and grasps the significance of your data, especially when delivering a business presentation or pitch deck presentation .

Transform your data-heavy presentations into engaging presentations using data visualization tools. Venngage’s chart and graph tools help you present information in a digestible and visually appealing manner. Infographics and diagrams can simplify complex concepts while images add a relatable dimension to your presentation. 

6. The interactive story creation

How about a collaborative story? Work with the audience to create an impromptu tale together. Let them contribute elements and build the story with you. Then, cleverly tie it back to your core message with a creative presentation conclusion.

7. The unexpected guest speaker

Introduce an unexpected guest who shares a unique perspective related to your presentation’s theme. If their story aligns with your message, it’ll surely amp up the audience’s interest and engagement.

8. The thought-provoking prompt

Leave your audience pondering with a thought-provoking question or prompt related to your topic. Encourage reflection and curiosity, sparking a desire to explore the subject further and dig deeper into your message.

9. The empowering call-to-action

Time to inspire action! Craft a powerful call to action that motivates the audience to make a difference. Provide practical steps and resources to support their involvement, empowering them to take part in something meaningful.

10. The heartfelt expression

End on a warm note by expressing genuine gratitude and appreciation for the audience’s time and attention. Acknowledge their presence and thank them sincerely, leaving a lasting impression of professionalism and warmth.

Not sure where to start? These 12 presentation software might come in handy for creating a good presentation that stands out. 

Remember, your closing slides for the presentation is your final opportunity to make a strong impact on your audience. However, the question remains — what exactly should be on the last slide of your presentation? Here are 7 conclusion slide examples to conclude with a high note:

1. Key takeaways

Highlight the main points or key takeaways from your presentation. This reinforces the essential information you want the audience to remember, ensuring they leave with a clear understanding of your message with a well summarized and simple presentation .

2. Closing statement

Craft a strong closing statement that summarizes the overall message of your presentation and leaves a positive final impression. This concluding remark should be impactful and memorable.

3. Call-to-action

Don’t forget to include a compelling call to action in your final message that motivates the audience to take specific steps after the presentation. Whether it’s signing up for a newsletter, trying a product or conducting further research, a clear call to action can encourage engagement.

4. Contact information

Provide your contact details, such as email address or social media handles. That way, the audience can easily reach out for further inquiries or discussions. Building connections with your audience enhances engagement and opens doors for future opportunities.

Use impactful visuals or graphics to deliver your presentation effectively and make the conclusion slide visually appealing. Engaging visuals can captivate the audience and help solidify your key points.

Visuals are powerful tools for retention. Use Venngage’s library of icons, images and charts to complement your text. You can easily upload and incorporate your own images or choose from Venngage’s library of stock photos to add depth and relevance to your visuals.

6. Next steps

Outline the recommended next steps for the audience to take after the presentation, guiding them on what actions to pursue. This can be a practical roadmap for implementing your ideas and recommendations.

7. Inspirational quote

To leave a lasting impression, consider including a powerful and relevant quote that resonates with the main message of your presentation. Thoughtful quotes can inspire and reinforce the significance of your key points.

Whether you’re giving an in-person or virtual presentation , a strong wrap-up can boost persuasiveness and ensure that your message resonates and motivates action effectively. Check out our gallery of professional presentation templates to get started.

5 real-life exceptional examples of how to end a presentation 

When we talk about crafting an exceptional closing for a presentation, I’m sure you’ll have a million questions — like how do you end a presentation, what do you say at the end of a presentation or even how to say thank you after a presentation. 

To get a better idea of how to end a presentation with style — let’s delve into five remarkable real-life examples that offer valuable insights into crafting a conclusion that truly seals the deal: 

1. Sheryl Sandberg 

In her TED Talk titled “Why We Have Too Few Women Leaders,” Sheryl Sandberg concluded with an impactful call to action, urging men and women to lean in and support gender equality in the workplace. This motivational ending inspired the audience to take action toward a more inclusive world.

2. Elon Musk

Elon Musk often concludes with his vision for the future and how his companies are working towards groundbreaking advancements. His passion and enthusiasm for pushing the boundaries of technology leave the audience inspired and eager to witness the future unfold.

3. Barack Obama

President Obama’s farewell address concluded with an emotional and heartfelt expression of gratitude to the American people. He thanked the audience for their support and encouraged them to stay engaged and uphold the values that define the nation.

4. Brené Brown 

In her TED Talk on vulnerability, Brené Brown ended with a powerful quote from Theodore Roosevelt: “It is not the critic who counts… The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena.” This quote reinforced her message about the importance of embracing vulnerability and taking risks in life.

5. Malala Yousafzai

In her Nobel Peace Prize acceptance speech, Malala Yousafzai ended with a moving call to action for education and girls’ rights. She inspired the audience to stand up against injustice and to work towards a world where every child has access to education.

For more innovative presentation ideas , turn ordinary slides into captivating experiences with these 15 interactive presentation ideas that will leave your audience begging for more.

So, we talked about how a good presentation usually ends. As you approach the conclusion of your presentation, let’s go through some of the common pitfalls you should avoid that will undermine the impact of your closing:

1. Abrupt endings

To deliver persuasive presentations, don’t leave your audience hanging with an abrupt conclusion. Instead, ensure a smooth transition by providing a clear closing statement or summarizing the key points to leave a lasting impression.

2. New information

You may be wondering — can I introduce new information or ideas in the closing? The answer is no. Resist the urge to introduce new data or facts in the conclusion and stick to reinforcing the main content presented earlier. By introducing new content at the end, you risk overshadowing your main message.

3. Ending with a Q&A session

While Q&A sessions are valuable, don’t conclude your presentation with them. Opt for a strong closing statement or call-to-action instead, leaving the audience with a clear takeaway.

4. Overloading your final slide

Avoid cluttering your final slide with too much information or excessive visuals. Keep it clean, concise and impactful to reinforce your key messages effectively.

5. Forgetting the call-to-action

Most presentations fail to include a compelling call-to-action which can diminish the overall impact of your presentation. To deliver a persuasive presentation, encourage your audience to take specific steps after the talk, driving engagement and follow-through.

6. Ignoring the audience

Make your conclusion audience-centric by connecting with their needs and interests. Avoid making it solely about yourself or your achievements. Instead, focus on how your message benefits the audience.

What should be the last slide of a presentation?

The last slide of a presentation should be a conclusion slide, summarizing key takeaways, delivering a strong closing statement and possibly including a call to action.

How do I begin a presentation?

Grabbing the audience’s attention at the very beginning with a compelling opening such as a relevant story, surprising statistic or thought-provoking question. You can even create a game presentation to boost interactivity with your audience. Check out this blog for more ideas on how to start a presentation . 

How can I ensure a smooth transition from the body of the presentation to the closing? 

To ensure a smooth transition, summarize key points from the body, use transition phrases like “In conclusion,” and revisit the main message introduced at the beginning. Bridge the content discussed to the themes of the closing and consider adjusting tone and pace to signal the transition.

How long should the conclusion of a presentation be?

The conclusion of a presentation should typically be around 5-10% of the total presentation time, keeping it concise and impactful.

Should you say thank you at the end of a presentation?

Yes, saying thank you at the end of a PowerPoint presentation is a courteous way to show appreciation for the audience’s time and attention.

Should I use presentation slides in the concluding part of my talk? 

Yes, using presentation slides in the concluding part of your talk can be effective. Use concise slides to summarize key takeaways, reinforce your main points and deliver a strong closing statement. A final presentation slide can enhance the impact of your conclusion and help the audience remember your message.

Should I include a Q&A session at the end of the presentation?

Avoid Q&A sessions in certain situations to ensure a well-structured and impactful conclusion. It helps prevent potential time constraints and disruptions to your carefully crafted ending, ensuring your core message remains the focus without the risk of unanswered or off-topic questions diluting the presentation’s impact.

Is it appropriate to use humor in the closing of a presentation?

Using humor in the closing of a presentation can be appropriate if it aligns with your content and audience as it can leave a positive and memorable impression. However, it’s essential to use humor carefully and avoid inappropriate or offensive jokes.

How do I manage nervousness during the closing of a presentation?

To manage nervousness during the closing, focus on your key points and the main message you want to convey. Take deep breaths to calm your nerves, maintain eye contact and remind yourself that you’re sharing valuable insights to enhance your presentation skills.

Creating a memorable presentation is a blend of engaging content and visually captivating design. With Venngage, you can transform your ideas into a dynamic and unforgettable presentation in just 5 easy steps: 

• Choose a template from Venngage’s library: Pick a visually appealing template that fits your presentation’s theme and audience, making it easy to get started with a professional look.
• Craft a compelling story or outline: Organize your content into a clear and coherent narrative or outline the key points to engage your audience and make the information easy to follow.
• Customize design and visuals: Tailor the template with your brand colors, fonts and captivating visuals like images and icons, enhancing your presentation’s visual appeal and uniqueness. You can also use an eye-catching presentation background to elevate your visual content. 
• Incorporate impactful quotes or inspiring elements: Include powerful quotes or elements that resonate with your message, evoking emotions and leaving a lasting impression on your audience members
• Utilize data visualization for clarity: Present data and statistics effectively with Venngage’s charts, graphs and infographics, simplifying complex information for better comprehension.

Additionally, Venngage’s real-time collaboration tools allow you to seamlessly collaborate with team members to elevate your presentation creation process to a whole new level. Use comments and annotations to provide feedback on each other’s work and refine ideas as a group, ensuring a comprehensive and well-rounded presentation.

Well, there you have it—the secrets of how to conclude a presentation. From summarizing your key message to delivering a compelling call to action, you’re now armed with a toolkit of techniques that’ll leave your audience in awe.

Now go ahead, wrap it up like a pro and leave that lasting impression that sets you apart as a presenter who knows how to captivate, inspire and truly make a mark.

How to End a Presentation (+ Useful Phrases)

Table of Contents

Most people are aware of the power of first impressions.

However, our appearance and the first words we utter are only one part of the impact we have on others.

Arguably, the final words we exchange during an interaction can have an even more lasting effect . And that applies to public speaking, too.

Obviously, the way you introduce yourself and the topic you’ll be discussing is important.

However, the end of a presentation should also be recognized as a crucial part of the experience .

With that in mind, this article will walk you through some:

• Things you should consider before drafting your conclusion,
• Tips for ending a presentation memorably,
• Mistakes you should avoid, and
• Phrases you can use to wrap up your speech.

But, before we discuss how to end a presentation, let’s establish why having an impactful conclusion is so essential.

Why is it important to have an impactful ending for your presentation?

In our article about starting a presentation , we explained how the steps of the motivated sequence framework correspond to the structure of the average presentation or speech.

As we have established, the introduction of a presentation mirrors the first step of that model. That means that one of its main goals is to get the listeners’ attention .

The central part of the speech, or the body , corresponds to the second, third, and fourth steps of the motivated sequence framework. In other words, it has to:

• Introduce the audience’s need (or identify a problem the listeners are having),
• Offer a way to satisfy (or resolve) that need, and
• Help the listeners visualize the successful implementation of the speaker’s solution.

Having checked off these points, we arrive at the conclusion , i.e., the subject of this article.

That stage of a presentation corresponds to the final step of the motivated sequence model — which consists of the call to action .

So, the conclusion of a presentation allows the speaker to drive their point home and nudge the audience toward performing a specific action.

However, that’s not the only purpose of a conclusion.

According to the authors of Business Communication: Process & Product , the final section of a presentation should achieve 3 goals . It should:

• Summarize the main themes of the presentation,
• Leave the audience with a specific and noteworthy takeaway (i.e. propose a specific course of action), and
• Include a statement that allows the speaker to leave the podium (or pass the mic) gracefully.

Above all, the ending of a presentation should be memorable , akin to the punchline of a joke.

Having said that, let’s talk about some factors you should consider as you’re writing the conclusion of your speech.

Things to consider before crafting the conclusion of your presentation

If you’re trying to figure out how to end a presentation, knowing the goals of a conclusion should help.

However, those objectives are only one part of the puzzle. To get the others, you should also consider:

• Your audience’s demographic breakdown,
• The general purpose of your presentation ,
• The specific purpose of your presentation , and
• Your thesis statement .

With that in mind, let’s see how each of these factors can help you develop an impactful conclusion for your presentation.

Factor #1: The demographic breakdown of the audience

As we have noted in our article about starting presentations, understanding the demographic breakdown of one’s audience is a crucial part of drafting a speech .

After all, the audience affects all of the choices we make — from the way we present ourselves to the vocabulary and the supporting materials we use during our presentations.

In our quest to learn more about the effect an audience can have on a presentation, we spoke to Persuasion Strategist Juliet Huck .

Having spent a significant portion of her professional career preparing people to take the witness stand, Huck knows a thing or two about adjusting one’s messaging to fit the preferences of one’s audience. She says:

“[The] ending [of] every presentation should be different and always based on the background of your audience. This should not be a blanket statement.  It also depends on if you are educating your audience or persuading them to make a decision in your favor.  You must do the homework on your audience prior to giving a presentation and end by leading them to your desired conclusion by giving them a conclusion they can relate to.”

But, if you’re not entirely sure how to take your audience into account when drafting your conclusion, consider the following questions:

• How will your audience connect to the topic you’re discussing?
• How can you relate the information you’re sharing to the listeners’ needs?
• What would make your audience think back on your presentation in positive terms?
• What would be the most effective way to get your point across to this specific audience?

Knowing whether your audience is friendly, neutral, uninterested, or hostile will also help you adjust your approach.

If nothing else, it’ll tell you whether you should stick to the facts or feel free to deliver a more casual or rousing speech.

Examples of different audience breakdowns

In our article about starting a presentation, we demonstrated our tips through 3 fictional speakers. So, let’s use the same presenters to illustrate this point.

• Nick Mulder is talking about the dangers of phishing. He introduced himself as the head of the security department. So, we can assume that he’s speaking to an audience of fellow employees, perhaps even through video conferencing software. Therefore, he was addressing an internal problem the company was having in front of a fairly receptive audience.
• Joan Miller is talking about how artificial intelligence is changing the future of the marketing industry. In her introduction, she mentioned having over four decades of experience in marketing. Consequently, we can infer that she’s speaking to an audience of marketing specialists who were previously unaware of her credentials.
• Milo Green is talking about employee retention. In his introduction, he indicated that the audience may know him as the founder of Green & Co. So, he’s probably famous enough to be recognized by at least a portion of his audience. Between that and the subject of his presentation, we can assume that he’s talking to the upper management of other companies.

From our examples, we can see how the identity of the speaker and their level of familiarity with the listeners might affect the way they prepare their presentations .

Factor #2: The general purpose of your presentation

Understanding the general purpose of a speech brings you one step closer to knowing how to end a presentation.

According to the authors of Communicating at Work , most presentations can be sorted into one of 3 categories based on that factor. In that regard, your presentation could be:

• Informative , aiming to expand the listeners’ knowledge and/or help them acquire a specific skill,
• Persuasive , with the goal of changing the listeners’ opinions or encouraging them to behave a certain way, or
• Entertaining , which is good for getting the audience to relax and look forward to upcoming speakers or events.

The general purpose of your presentation will naturally affect your conclusion because it will change what you choose to emphasize.

💡 Pumble Pro Tip

The basic goal of your presentation could correspond with the type of presentation you’re giving. To learn more about presentation types and styles, check out this article:

• Presentation types and styles explained

Examples of defining the general purpose of a presentation 

Let’s see how our imaginary presenters would define the general purpose of their presentations.

• The general purpose of our phishing expert’s presentation is informative . The speaker’s primary goal is to teach his coworkers how to recognize and defend themselves against phishing attempts.
• Our marketing expert’s presentation is persuasive . She wants to change her listeners’ minds and make them more open to using AI in their marketing campaigns.
• The last speaker’s presentation about employee retention is also persuasive . After all, the speaker is attempting to show his listeners how they can increase the employee retention rate at their own companies. However, depending on the circumstances surrounding the speech, it could also take on some entertaining qualities.

Factor #3: The specific purpose of your presentation

The specific purpose of a presentation is essentially the outcome you’re looking to achieve with your speech. Defining this goal will require you to know the answers to the following questions :

• Who do you want to influence?
• What do you want them to think or do?
• How, when, and where do you want them to do it?

Ideally, the specific goal you come up with should be realistic and highly specific .

To that end, the authors of Communicating at Work recommend setting measurable goals . So, for example, instead of thinking: “ I want to get approval for my project. ”,

“I want my manager to let me set aside one day per week to work on this project. I also want them to let me ask one or two other people to help me with it.”

Having this kind of goal in mind will help you figure out how to wrap up your presentation.

Examples of defining the specific purpose of a presentation

So, how would our 3 speakers specify the desired outcomes of their presentations in measurable terms? Let’s see:

“I want the people in my company to understand the dangers of phishing attacks. They should learn the exact steps they need to take when they see a suspicious email in their inbox.”

“I want these marketing experts to be more knowledgeable about the way artificial intelligence works right now and understand how they can incorporate that software into their professional practice.”

“I want managers and HR professionals to know how they can make their companies a better place to work so they can keep their employee retention rate high.”

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Factor #4: Your thesis statement

Ultimately, defining the general and specific goals of your presentation is a great way to keep yourself on track when crafting your speech.

However, the audience doesn’t need to know those goals.

Instead, they can hear your thesis statement — a summary of your overall message .

You can treat this statement as the throughline of your presentation. It will appear at least once in the introduction, followed by a few repetitions throughout the body of the presentation.

Finally, you’ll also want to include that same idea in your conclusion at least once.

In addition to keeping you, as the speaker, grounded, that repetition also keeps your audience from wondering what your presentation is about .

Examples of defining the thesis statement of a presentation

So, what would a thesis statement look like in practice? Let’s hear it from our fictional presenters:

“Identifying and reporting phishing emails will save the company’s information and money in the long term.”

“Right now, artificial intelligence isn’t as advanced as people think it is. However, we can still use it for marketing purposes as long as we make sure the process doesn’t begin and end with AI.”

“Improving your employee retention rate makes employees more engaged with their work and saves the company time and money that would otherwise go to training new personnel.”

How to end a presentation with a bang: 10 tips + examples

Now that we know why having an impactful conclusion is so crucial, it’s time to find the right way to achieve your goals.

To that end, we have highlighted 10 tips that might help you wrap up your presentation .

• Reiterate the key points and your core message.
• Mirror your opening statement.
• Elicit a response.
• Engage the audience.
• Call to action.
• Hand out materials.
• Acknowledge your contributors.
• Provide contact information.
• Thank the audience.
• Ask for feedback.

Of course, many of these methods we’ll discuss can be combined. However, your choices may be limited depending on the factors we have previously mentioned.

Tip #1: Reiterate the key points and your core message

Making sure the audience remembers your main points is one of the most important objectives your conclusion should accomplish.

With that in mind, you should dedicate some time at the end of your speech to reinforcing what you were trying to say throughout your presentation.

Take it from Mark Beal , Assistant Professor of Professional Practice, Communication, at Rutgers University:

“Every presentation should deliver and consistently reinforce three key message points. Most audience members will not recall more than three messages. Some may only recall one or two. With that [in mind], an engaging and effective presentation should conclude with the three messages the presenter wants the audience to take away.”

In essence, you’ll want to summarize your presentation by reiterating up to 3 key points and then repeating your thesis statement.

You could even translate this tip to your presentation slides. As Juliet Huck says:

“Your last slide should always draw your audience to your desired conclusion. [It] should be your billboard message , as we remember 70% of what we see and 20% of what we hear.”

We can see what that might look like through the example of our imaginary presentation on the dangers of phishing, below.

Tip #2: Mirror your opening statement

According to the authors of Communicating at Work , splitting a narrative between the introduction and the conclusion of your presentation is a good way to keep your audience’s attention.

Assistant Professor of Rhetorical Communication at the State University of New York, Dr. Lee M. Pierce , agrees:

“Psychological closure is looping back to the beginning to give the audience a sense of a closed circle. Don’t add new information in the conclusion, just tie the presentation up with a bow. [For example,] I always customize my closings based on the opening of the speech. During a TEDx Talk on Beyoncé’s ‘Formation,’ I began by walking out to the introduction to the song, and then I ended by walking off to the end of the song.”

The above quote demonstrates that this tip can be useful no matter which method you used to start your presentation .

You can use it to put a new spin on a statistic you shared in the introduction, give a story you told a different ending, or finish the punchline of a joke you started with.

Overall, coming back to the theme you introduced at the beginning of your speech should make your presentation seem more complete and intentional .

Phrases you can use to reflect the introduction of your presentation in the conclusion

With all that being said, let’s see how our imaginary speakers would mirror the opening lines of their presentations in their conclusion.

Having started with a phishing statistic, our first speaker might say:

“Going back to the number we started with, remember that the Anti-Phishing Working Group has recorded 1,270,883 individual phishing attacks in the third quarter of 2022 — and that number is always on the rise. Luckily, you now have all the information you need to avoid becoming a part of that statistic.”

Our second speaker would have announced her plans to survey her listeners at the beginning of her presentation. In her conclusion, she might say:

“At the beginning of my presentation, I asked you to answer a quick survey on whether you’d be willing to work with AI. If you look back at your phones, you’ll see a different link in the #general channel on Pumble . Let’s see if this talk has managed to sway some opinions!”

Lastly, our final speaker might refer back to a humorous statement he made about chaining one’s employees to their desks to ensure that employee retention rates stay high.

“Once you start making your company a better place to work, your employees will happily perform their daily tasks — without being glued to their desks.”

Tip #3: Elicit a response

Making an audience experience strong emotions is always a good thing, but especially as the presentation comes to a close.

Putting the listeners in a contemplative mood or, even better, a cheerful one, means that they’ll be more likely to remember you and the points you made after your presentation ends.

On top of that, concluding your presentation in this manner would allow you to step off the stage gracefully, which is one of the main goals your conclusion should accomplish.

Now, depending on the type of presentation you’re delivering and, indeed, your style of presenting, you could elicit a response by:

• Ending with a short but powerful statement ,
• Asking a thought-provoking rhetorical question ,
• Relying on an impactful statistic or a quote , or even
• Inserting a funny picture or a meme on your final presentation slide.

Any one of these methods could help you solidify yourself and your message in the minds of the audience.

Phrases you can use to elicit a response from the audience

So, how would our 3 presenters try to get a response from their audiences? Well, they might use the following statements.

“Ultimately, the best defense against phishing attacks is human intelligence. You, alone, can ensure that your information remains secure by implementing the checklist I’ve shared today.”

“So, let me ask you again. Would you be willing to incorporate AI into your marketing campaign?”

“Hey, if the conditions you’re offering to your employees are good enough — there’s no need to keep them glued to their desks.”

Tip #4: Engage the audience

As we’ll discuss later on, having a Q&A session at the end of your presentation doesn’t always pan out the way you want it to.

Even so, getting your audience — or at least a few select listeners — to verbally respond to you can go a long way toward making you seem like a more engaging speaker.

Still, you can’t implement this tip without a strategy. You want to lead your audience to a certain type of response .

Professional speaker, career change consultant, and host of the Career Relaunch® podcast, Joseph Liu , had this to say:

“I often invite attendees to share what action they’re going to take amongst the potential ones I’ve covered throughout the presentation or to at least commit to taking some sort of action.”

Speaker, author, and editorial producer at CNN, Nadia Bilchik , agrees:

“If time allows, I always ask participants to share their biggest takeaway.”

The quote above also highlights the importance of being aware of the time as you are concluding a presentation — which is another thing we’ll talk about later.

For now, we’ll just boil this tip down to the following statement: if possible, try to make people verbalize or at least think about the knowledge they’re taking away from your speech .

Phrases you can use to engage the audience

Going back to our imaginary speakers, let’s see how this tip might work in practice.

“As we approach my conclusion, I’d like for us to reflect on everything we’ve learned here today. So, let me turn the spotlight on you all. Does anyone remember how to recognize a phishing email without opening it?”

“Now, I’m sure everyone here has some idea of how they might incorporate AI into their next marketing campaign. Is anyone willing to share their strategy?”

“Alright! Pop quiz time — don’t worry, I won’t grade you. Can you all shout out the main 3 ways to increase employee retention? Number 1?”

Tip #5: Call to action

Once you have finished reiterating your core message and making sure you have your audience’s attention, you need to be able to direct the listeners to the next step.

As Michelle Gladieux , author of Communicate with Courage and President of Gladieux Consulting, an employee coaching provider, would put it:

“What can the audience DO with the information you’ve shared? Suggest a positive, fruitful next step or, even better, suggest several, and let your presentation participants choose among options that have panned out well for others.”

In her workshops, Gladieux says:

“We ask participants to document at least one goal for behavior change that is specific, measurable, and time-based, and take a bonus step of inviting them to name one person they’ll tell about their goal for added accountability.”

According to the authors of Communicating at Work , there are 2 ways to deliver a call to action at the end of your presentation. Namely, you can either phrase it as:

• An appeal or a question (e.g. “If any of this sounds interesting, you can learn more by signing up for our newsletter through the link on the screen behind me.” ), or
• A challenge or a demand (e.g. “Now, you can keep doing what you’re doing and getting lackluster results. Or, you can sign up for our newsletter to receive tips that will help you upgrade your strategy.” ).

As always, your choice will depend on the factors we have listed at the top of this article.

Phrases you can use to call the audience to action

Let’s see what our fictional speakers’ calls to action might look like.

“Remember, even if you happen to open a phishing email, you’ll be able to deal with it easily by forwarding it to this email address. That’s the main thing you need to remember from this talk.”

“I bet many of you could come up with even more creative ways to incorporate AI into your marketing campaigns. So, how about this: if you fill out the form I’m about to send you, I’ll check in with you in about three months. Those of you who succeed in using AI in a meaningful way will get a chance to share your insights on this very stage next year!”

“I have a challenge for those of you who are ready to meet me at my level. I want you to sign a pledge, promising to boost your employee retention rate by 10% in the next year. We had a similar experiment at one of my talks a couple of years back, and even I was surprised by the results.”

If you decide to accompany this part of your speech with a call to action slide, keep Juliet Huck’s advice in mind:

“A call to action slide is not always persuasive. Persuasion is not a call to action — it is a directed action. To ‘call’ means someone can say no, but to ‘persuade’ [is to] direct your audience to your desired conclusion based on a number of steps.”

In effect, that means that your call to action should be the final step of your persuasion strategy.

You should start building to that desired outcome well before you get to the end of your presentation.

Tip #6: Hand out materials

The ending of a presentation is the perfect time to give the audience a keepsake of your speech .

But, keep in mind that a memento doesn’t have to be a physical item. As Michelle Gladieux would say:

“I like to direct my audiences to free downloadable resources on our website for those who want to continue their personal and professional growth as leaders and communicators.”

So, sharing resources through email or a business messaging app would work just as well.

Of course, you don’t have to hold off until the conclusion of your presentation to give your audience something to remember you by. Gladieux also shared a method she used in her workshops: 

“[Most of our] participants have our high-quality original workbooks in hand during the presentation and available later as a tangible resource. Folks add notes, take short assessments, and work on case studies when we teach using workbooks. If we use presentation slides, we keep the content as engaging visually as possible and short on words.”

If your budget allows you to do something similar, that might be a good way to make the audience remember you.

Phrases you can use before handing out materials

In the scenarios we have conjured up, the speakers might introduce their additional materials like so.

“If you’re interested in learning more about phishing and how you can defend yourself from future attacks, you’ll find more information by following the link on the screen.”

“Now, at this point, I see that my associates have already started delivering some additional materials and miscellaneous goodies to you. I hope you’ll use them to workshop further ideas for using AI in your marketing strategies.”

“I’ll go ahead and forward these presentation slides as well as some additional resources for improving employee retention to you all.”

If you’re looking for a convenient way to deliver additional resources to the attendees of your speech, Pumble is a great option. This article offers some practical tips for using business messaging software for educational purposes — including online conferences:

• Using Pumble for teaching and learning  

Tip #7: Acknowledge contributors

If you’re delivering a business presentation as a representative of a team or a department, you can also use the final moments of your speech to acknowledge everyone who worked on the presentation with you.

On the one hand, you could simply thank your team in general terms and leave it at that.

Alternatively, you could highlight the individual contributions of specific team members if you want to make sure their effort doesn’t go unnoticed.

Phrases you can use to acknowledge your contributors

Here’s how our fictitious presenters might acknowledge the people who helped them create their presentations:

“Before I sign off, I’d like to take a moment to thank Jill and Vanessa from the security team, who helped me compile the data and create the slides you just saw.”

“Finally, I’d like to acknowledge that this presentation wouldn’t be half as informative without the experts who helped me understand the technical side of AI.”

“Now, let’s all give it up for my wonderful team, who helped me organize this lecture.”

Improve communication and collaboration for increased team efficiency with Pumble.

Tip #8: Provide contact information

Business presentations often double as networking opportunities , both for presenters and for audience members.

With that in mind, you might want to put your contact information on one of your closing slides.

For one, doing so would show the audience how they can get in touch with you after your presentation ends. After all, they may have additional questions or even interesting business opportunities for you.

On top of that, putting your contact information on the last slide is also a good way to remind the audience of your name and credentials .

For that reason, our second imaginary speaker might have “Joan Miller — Chief Marketing Officer at Happy Media” on her final slide.

Phrases you can use to provide contact information

So, how would our presenters encourage their audience to keep in touch? Well, they might say: 

“I’m always happy to answer any of your security or phishing-related questions on Pumble. You’ll find me by clicking the plus sign next to the direct messages section and searching my name, Nick Mulder.”

“If you all have any follow-up questions for me or one of the AI experts I’ve spoken to, you’ll find all of our contact information on this slide.”

“If you want to stay up to date on Green & Co’s latest news, follow us on LinkedIn.”

Tip #9: Thank the audience

Many presenters find a way to incorporate a “ thank you ” slide at the end of their presentations.

If you want to express your appreciation to your audience members , you could do the same thing.

However, as we’ll soon discuss, many of the experts we’ve spoken to would advise against having pointless visuals at the end of your presentation.

After all, you want to leave the audience with something memorable to take away from your speech.

Still, if you want to thank the audience, you could always make that final slide serve multiple functions .

For example, a “thank you” slide can also contain the speaker’s contact information, as well as additional resources.

Tip #10: Ask for feedback

Lastly, some speakers might benefit from knowing what the audience thinks about their delivery and other aspects of their presentation.

That’s why some of the experts we’ve spoken to suggest that conducting a brief survey of the audience could be a good activity to end a presentation with.

Rutgers University professor, Mark Beal, says that:

“Offering audience members the opportunity to take a concise survey at the conclusion of a presentation will result in valuable insights that will inform how to consistently evolve and improve a presentation. […] We use the last few minutes of seminars to allow participants to answer a few questions about what was most useful in our content and delivery, and what, in that individual’s opinion, could improve.”

Michelle Gladieux is also an advocate for audience surveys, saying:

“I’ve delivered thousands of training workshops and keynotes and never miss an opportunity to ask for feedback formally (in writing), informally (in conversation), or both. As you might guess, I advise every presenter reading this to do the same.”

You could encourage this type of feedback by:

• Asking attendees to share their thoughts on your presentation after you step off the stage,
• Setting up a notebook near the door and asking people to jot down their thoughts as they exit,
• Having a suggestion box for hand-written feedback notes, or
• Creating an anonymous survey online and linking to it on your presentation slides.

Most presenters nowadays tend to rely on technology to compile audience feedback, but the method you use will depend on the circumstances surrounding your presentation.

If you’ve never had to ask for feedback before, you might find this article interesting:

• How to ask your manager for feedback  

The worst ways to end a presentation

Having gone through the best practices for concluding a presentation memorably, we also wanted to know what are some of the mistakes speakers should avoid as they reach the end of their speech.

The experts we have spoken to have identified 5 of the worst ways to end a presentation :

• Overloading your final slide.
• Settling for a lackluster closer.
• Ending with a Q&A session.
• Not having time for any questions at all.
• Going over your time.

So, let’s see what makes these mistakes so bad.

Mistake #1: Overloading your final slide

Overloading your presentation slides isn’t a mistake you can make only at the end of your presentation.

Professional speakers know that slides are only there to accompany your speech — they shouldn’t be the main event.

As Nadia Bilchik says:

“Slides are only there to support your message. Towards the end of the presentation, I may even stop the slideshow entirely and just have a black screen. At the very end of the presentation, my suggestion is to have a slide up with the next steps or a call to action.”

Dr. Lee M. Pierce also tends to use blank slides:

“I always end and begin with blank slides. As a speaker, you’re trying to build connection and rapport between you and the audience, not between the audience and your slide deck.”

Therefore, putting too much information onto a single slide can make the speaker seem unprepared, in addition to overwhelming the audience.

When in doubt, remember Kawasaki’s 10/20/30 rule :

• No more than 10 slides per presentation,
• Keep your presentations under 20 minutes, and
• The text on your slides should never be smaller than 30-point font. 

Mistake #2: Settling for a lackluster closer

If your goal is to become a proficient speaker, you’ll have to stop using uninspired closers like:

• “Well, I guess that’s it.”
• “That’s pretty much all I had to say.”
• “That’s about it from me. Can we get some applause?”

The audience will respond if you say something deserving of a response.

Instead of using these bland lines, remember Juliet Huck’s advice:

“Never end your presentation without closing the loop of your beginning theme and being specific when asking for your desire conclusion.”

As we have established, it’s best to conclude your speech by bringing back your thesis statement and key points.

Finishing with weak visuals is similarly offensive — and here we’re not just talking about presentation slides.

Remember, body language is an important component of our communication .

Fidgeting as your presentation comes to a close or slumping your posture as soon as you’re finished speaking won’t do.

As Michelle Gladieux would say:

“Never end a presentation seeming happy to be done, even if you are! Be certain you’re happy to be the presenter before you begin, or find someone else to do it.”

In other words, try not to show signs of anxiety during your presentation .

Maintain a confident demeanor for as long as you remain on stage or as long as you’re on camera, in the case of virtual meetings .

Mistake #3: Ending with a Q&A session

One of the experts we have spoken to, Nadia Bilchik, was particularly adamant about not ending presentations with Q&A sessions.

“Never ever end a presentation on a question-and-answer session. I have seen numerous presenters end by asking ‘Any questions?’ Too often there are no questions, and the presenter is left looking deflated and muttering ‘Thank you.’ [If there are] no questions, you can always say ‘A question I’m often asked is…’ or ‘Something I would like to reiterate is…’ Never end your presentation without your audience being clear about what they are expected to do with the information you have just shared.”

Adding that you can:

“Ask for questions, comments, and concerns, and only then end with a quick wrap-up. The goal is to end with your audience being clear on their next steps.”

Even if the listeners do have questions, there’s a good reason not to have a Q&A session at the very end of your presentation.

Namely, there’s always a chance that someone will ask a question that completely derails the conversation.

If you have the Q&A portion right before your conclusion, you’ll have time to reiterate your core message and proceed with a memorable closing statement .

For reference, you can ask for questions by saying:

“Before I close out this lecture, do you guys have any questions for me?”

Then, if there are no questions, you can still proceed to your conclusion without losing face. 

A Q&A session is one of the best ways to make your presentations more interactive — but it’s not the only way to go about it. To learn more, check out this article:

• 18 Ways to make presentations more interactive and engaging

Mistake #4: Not having time for any questions at all

Ending with a Q&A session could be a problem — but, perhaps, not as big of a problem as not taking questions at all.

As Mark Beal would say:

“Not giving the audience the opportunity to participate in the presentation via a question and answer session is another ineffective way to end a presentation. Audiences want to have a voice in a presentation. They will be more engaged with the presentation content and recall it more effectively if given the opportunity to participate in the presentation and interact with the presenter.”

Dr. Lee M. Pierce adds:

“It’s always good to leave at least 15 minutes for questions. Leaving 5 minutes is annoying and pointless. Also, be prepared that the audience may not have questions or not feel comfortable just jumping in, so have some of your own questions ready to offer them. You can say something like, ‘Just to put it out there, if I were going to ask me a question, I’d ask…’ ”

Now, both Nadia Bilchik and Lee M. Pierce have mentioned phrases you can use if no one comes forth with a question.

You’ll notice that the sentences they have come up with will require you to consider the questions you may be asked ahead of time .

In addition to helping you create a better presentation, doing this will also allow you to answer any questions effortlessly.

Mistake #5: Going over your time

Last but not least, many of the professional speakers we have interviewed have stressed the importance of ending one’s presentation on time.

Michelle Gladieux said it best:

“The best way to end a presentation is ON TIME. Respect others’ time commitments by not running over. You can always hang around for a while to speak with people who have more to say or more to ask.”

Dr. Lee M. Pierce agrees:

“The worst thing you can do is run over time. If you were given 45 minutes for a presentation plus 15 minutes for Q & A, you should end at 45 minutes — better if you end at 35 or 40.”

Then again, according to Guy Kawasaki’s 10/20/30 rule, even going over the 20-minute mark could risk boring and alienating one’s audience.

Useful phrases for ending a presentation

In the course of our research, we’ve found many practical phrases one might use to wrap up a presentation.

We even had experts send in their suggestions. For example, Nadia Bilchik says:

“I always end with a very quick summary of the content, a definitive call to action, and a reiteration of the benefits to the audience. This is a superb model, and I have shared it with thousands of individuals who have found it immensely valuable. Use this as your framework: What I have looked at today… What I am asking you to do… The benefits are…”

Other phrases you might use at the end of your presentation include:

“To recap, we’ve discussed…”

“Throughout this presentation, we talked about…”

“In other words,…”

“To wrap up/conclude,…”

“In short, I’d like to highlight…”

“To put it simply,…”

“In conclusion…”

“In summary, the goal of my presentation…”

“If there’s one thing you take away from my presentation…”

“In bringing my presentation to a close, I wanted to…”

If you’d like to incorporate a call to action, you might say:

“I’m counting on you to…”

“After this presentation, I’d like to ask you to…”

“Please take a minute to…”

“Next time you (see a suspicious email), remember to (forward it to this email address).”

To end with a quote, you could say:

“Let me leave you with this quote…”

“That reminds me of the old saying…”

Lastly, more useful phrases include:

“Feel free to reach out if you have any questions.”

“For more information, head to the link on the screen.”

“Thank you for your time/attention.”

“I hope you found this presentation informative/useful/insightful.”

Remember: the last words you say should make it abundantly clear that your presentation has ended.

What should your final slide look like?

If you don’t want to leave your final slide blank as some of the experts we have talked to would recommend, there are other ways to fill that space.

Joseph Liu told us:

“I tend to make it very clear the presentation is coming to an end by having a slide that says, ‘Closing Thoughts’ or something to that effect. I recommend ending with a recap of your content, reconnecting with the initial hook you used at the start, and finally, some sort of call to action.”

Mark Beal has a similar formula for his closing slides, saying:

“The final slides of my presentation include: A slide featuring three key messages/takeaways, A question and answer slide to engage the audience at the conclusion in the same manner a presenter wants to engage an audience at the start of a presentation, and A final slide including the presenter’s contact information and a website address where they can learn more information. This slide can include a QR code that the audience can screenshot and access the presenter’s website or another digital destination.”

Between these two suggestions and the many examples we have included throughout our guide, you ought to have a clear picture of what your final slide might look like.

End your presentations with a bang on Pumble

Knowing how to end a presentation effectively is a skill like any other — you’re bound to get better through practice and repetition.

To get the most out of your presentations, make sure to give them on Pumble.

Pumble — a team communication and collaboration app — allows you to have the most interactive, efficient presentations thanks to:

• The video conferencing feature that allows you to share your knowledge with a large group of people,
• The screen sharing feature that allows you share your presentation,
• The in-call message feature, to ensure your audience can participate (and send questions for the FAQ partition of the presentation, for example), and
• The blur background feature, that ensures your audience’s attention is always on you and you alone.

Secure, real-time communication for professionals.

Olga Milicevic is a communication researcher and author dedicated to making your professional life a bit easier. She believes that everyone should have the tools necessary to respond to their coworkers’ requests and communicate their own professional needs clearly and kindly.

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• Presentations

Best Ways to Conclude a Presentation

Last Updated: October 4, 2023 Fact Checked

Strategies for Wrapping up a Presentation

Other best practice presentation tips, public speaking advice, how should you end a presentation.

This article was co-authored by Patrick Muñoz and by wikiHow staff writer, Ali Garbacz, B.A. . Patrick is an internationally recognized Voice & Speech Coach, focusing on public speaking, vocal power, accent and dialects, accent reduction, voiceover, acting and speech therapy. He has worked with clients such as Penelope Cruz, Eva Longoria, and Roselyn Sanchez. He was voted LA's Favorite Voice and Dialect Coach by BACKSTAGE, is the voice and speech coach for Disney and Turner Classic Movies, and is a member of Voice and Speech Trainers Association. There are 7 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 5,425 times.

You’ve just spent the last hour or so preparing a super thorough and detailed presentation. Now it’s time to add the finishing touches and come up with an attention-grabbing and memorable closer. What strategies can you use to make sure that people really remember what you've said? Keep reading to learn all the most effective methods you can use to conclude your presentation in a way that’ll really stick with your audience. We'll cover different strategies you can mix and match to end your presentation with a bang, then follow up with public speaking tips. Let's dive in!

Things You Should Know

• Bring your presentation to a close by first giving a clear indication that you’ll be wrapping up, followed by a short summary of your main ideas.
• Grab your audience’s attention with a strong call to action and an explanation of what good things will happen when they listen to your message.
• Make your presentation memorable by embellishing it with a powerful quote, a story, or a surprising statistic or fact.
• Get your audience involved by running a poll or survey at the end of your presentation.

• “In conclusion…”
• “In summary…”
• “As I conclude my presentation, let me ask you a question.”
• “This brings me to the end of my presentation today.”
• “In respect of time, allow me to wrap up my last comments.”

• “That brings me to the conclusion of my presentation. If you’re to take anything away from my presentation today, let it be the three Cs of credit that we talked about: character, capacity, and capital.”
• "Above all else, remember the acronym RAM: redesign, application, and management."

• “When you volunteer for this program, you will build your skills and gain valuable experiences.”
• “You will participate in the increased profitability of our company by joining this new program.”
• “Make this company a more inclusive and healthy place to work by taking just a few minutes out of your day to do these small actions.”

• “As the Greek historian Plutarch once said, ‘The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled.’ Let’s kindle the fire within our minds and make the changes we want to see.”
• “I’ll leave you today with a quote from Theodore Roosevelt: ‘Far and away the best prize that life offers is the chance to work hard at work worth doing.’”
• “Work hard to inspire not only those around you, but yourself as well.”

• Pair this statistic or fact with a memorable visual, such as an illustrated graph, a video, or a picture. The more visual your presentation is, the more memorable it will be to your audience.

• Another way to go about telling a story is to start it in your presentation’s intro and end it during the conclusion. Your audience will be curious to know how the story ends.

• “What do you think the word ‘success’ means?”
• “How can we make an impact every day through the work we do?”
• “Why do you think people are so afraid of change and questioning the way things have always been done?”
• Asking a question at the beginning of your presentation and answering it during the conclusion is another strategy to consider. Just be sure that you don’t forget to answer this question and accidentally leave your audience hanging.

• “What’s your usual mood during the workday?”
• “Have you ever presented your supervisor with a new idea or suggestion?”
• “Do you see yourself participating in this new program?”

• What they liked and disliked about the presentation
• What improvements could be made
• One memorable thing they took away from your presentation

• Before your presentation, go and talk with some of the audience members. This will give them a chance to warm up to you and can help you feel more relaxed once you get up and start presenting.

• Using hand gestures also shows the audience that you’re in control of the space around you, and makes you appear much more confident and at ease.

Expert Q&A

• Keep in mind that your presentation gives you the chance to be a messenger. Give your audience something meaningful to walk with at the end of your speech. Thanks Helpful 0 Not Helpful 0

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.businessinsider.com/worst-ways-to-end-a-presentation-2014-7
• ↑ https://www.washington.edu/doit/presentation-tips-0
• ↑ https://www.wilmu.edu/edtech/documents/the-science-of-effective-presenations---prezi-vs-powerpoint.pdf
• ↑ https://www.mentimeter.com/blog/awesome-presentations/ways-to-end-a-presentation-and-tools
• ↑ https://www.niu.edu/presentations/organize/index.shtml
• ↑ https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbescoachescouncil/2017/11/02/15-methods-of-every-effective-public-speaker/?sh=3a911bdd3047
• ↑ https://youtu.be/VRJzvJ5XPQI?t=11

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How to Wrap Up Your PowerPoint Presentation

Assuming that you just nailed your presentation, and allowed your crowd of potential clients and now it's time to wrap up your presentation - you have a couple of choices to make depending on the opportunities you wish to have access to.

1.  Thank You's and Appreciation

A very common choice by most professional presenters, is simply to close up with a thank you and some appreciation for those who've helped you research, put together and present your presentation.  If you go this route, make sure that you think your audience for being such wonderful listener's for your presentation because you couldn't have done it with them and then make sure you invite them to check out any books, CDs or other promotional merchandise that you may have brought with you.

2.  Q & A

A much more effective method, used mostly by more competent presenters, and one that I highly suggest you consider - is to offer your audience the opportunity to ask questions of you, we can display your expertise for your answers.  This method of engagement is often much more effective, than saying, " thank you, please buy my stuff."

Though being that each presenter is different, you might just be more effective at using the same key message than answering questions spontaneously.

3.  Free Gifts

Alternatively, you can stand out from either of the common presenters, by doing something just a little bit different.  Now, the free gift group may not be your schtick, however it is still an idea to consider.  After all, it worked well for Oprah, who was inspired by other inspirational presenters.  For this method, although you have to do it, is to prepare some form of free gift that you can give away to all or some of your audience when you're done speaking.  This method often goes over well, and is a fantastic rapport builder.

*And don't discount the option of using all of these methods. Regardless, you'll want to thank your audience, though there is nothing wrong with offering question times where your audience can sample your expertise, as well as a free gift for your audience members.

Be creative and do what feels most natural to you, as that is what will best connect you with the audience members you were specifically trying to target.

• Speech Crafting →

Last Slide of Your Presentation: How to Leave a Lasting Impression

Most of us have been in the position of having witnessed far too many presentations where the finale was dull or boring and where the audience, who had been attentive up to that point, started to lose interest or even went away. This can be extremely disheartening after hours of hard work on a presentation, and it might even leave you feeling embarrassed. It is therefore very important to always make sure that there is something special to the very end of your presentation to keep the attention focused and to provide a lasting impression. In this blog post, we are going to share some top tips on how to create the perfect last slide for your presentation that will captivate your audience and make a lasting impression. We will look at how to finish off your presentation on a high note, make a memorable closing statement and more, so read on to find out more.

What is the Last Slide of Presentation?

The last slide of a presentation is an incredibly powerful tool. It allows the presenter to summarize their key points, impress the audience with the central theme of their talk, and leave the audience wanting more. Unfortunately, this final slide can also be a missed opportunity if not crafted carefully. The most common type of last slide is a simple summary of the talk’s key points. This helps to reinforce the major themes and provide an easy reference for the audience members to recall what they heard during the presentation. However, this type of slide can be unengaging and potentially lead to confusion since only limited information is being provided. Additionally, if too much text or data is included on this slide, it can overwhelm viewers and distract from the rest of the message. Alternatively, some presenters use their final slide as an opportunity to draw attention to a single powerful image or quotation that encapsulates their message. This approach is often more effective since it captures viewers’ emotions and helps drive home the main point of the presentation even after they have left your session. While this type of slide may be more memorable and engaging than a traditional summary slide, it can also feel incomplete without additional context or explanation provided by the presenter. There are numerous ways to craft an effective last slide for a presentation; however, caution must be taken when developing and designing one’s final impression for viewers. Fortunately, by understanding both sides of this debate, presenters will be better prepared to create an effective last slide that gives their audience something to remember long after they have left the room. With that in mind, let’s move on to explore how to write an effective last slide that truly leaves a lasting impression on viewers.

Writing Your Last Slide

When it comes to writing your last slide, the approach you take can be the difference between an effective and unforgettable presentation or a forgettable one. Depending on your style and the message you want to convey, either using a few words or visuals to create the presentation’s impact can be successful strategies. The first method is to use minimalistic wording for your last slide. This option works best for powerful messages that don’t need any additional explanation. For example, if your presentation was about how important teamwork is in an organization, you could end with “Teamwork makes the dream work”. You may have already discussed this idea in your presentation, so ending it with this-one liner will painlessly summarize this message in the minds of your audience members. On the other hand, some presenters prefer to layer on extra visuals to add weight and memorability to their last slide. Including an eye-catching image that ties into the main theme of your presentation or has personal meaning can leave a lasting impression. If you are discussing employee turnover rates in companies, think about including a photo of people that joined forces and applied a collective effort for success. Even without words, this image may resonate better with certain people and make them think more deeply about your topic after the presentation is over. Finally, no matter what route you take when writing your last slide, make sure that it is consistent with your content and emphasizes the critical points of your presentation goal so that it leaves a lasting impression on those who viewed it. These two approaches are how many presenters choose to cap off their presentations and should not be taken lightly as they offer an opportunity to reinforce key ideas from throughout your speech and keep your message top-of-mind long after you finish speaking. By thoughtfully constructing what will be said and shown on your last slide, you will be able engage and motivate your audience while leaving a memorable impression behind as they walk away. Now that we have looked at how to write an effective final slide, let’s move onto reinforcing our main points so that our audience remembers our presentation long after it has ended.

Reinforce Your Main Points

Reiterating your key points at the end of your presentation will help to ensure your message resonates with the audience long after they leave. To do this, you need to review and discuss the main points you have laid out earlier in the presentation. This is also a great time to explain why these points are important and how they contribute to the overall objective. One way to reinforce your main points is to revisit key highlights throughout the presentation and reiterate why they should be remembered. Tying back in visuals associated with these critical points is also a great way for your audience to engage with each point one last time. Additionally, using graphics or other visual aids that reinforce your message can help stick that last impression in the minds of those watching. Your slides should be concise enough so as not to overwhelm your audience, yet still give the essence of each point you want them to remember. On the other hand, some people argue that too much summarizing during a presentation can lead to boredom and cause those listening to lose focus. Therefore it is important to ensure that you are reiterating the information in a new way or showing something new so as not to lose their attention. Additionally, it is important not to repeat yourself too much, as no one likes hearing things more than once and it helps to keep the recap brief with just enough detail that your audience can visibly see how all of the pieces fit together. By taking time to properly reinforce your main points before leaving the stage, you are helping to ensure that your presentation ends on an impactful note and leaves a lasting impression with those listening. As we move forward into our next section about including visuals for maximum effectiveness, keep in mind how powerful visuals can be when it comes creating energy and emotion within a presentation.

Include Visuals

Using visuals in your last slide is a great way to make a lasting impression on your audience. Visuals can help provide clarity to the material, help break up the text, and keep the audience engaged. Consider including visual elements such as images, icons, illustrations, charts, videos, and graphs to make your presentation memorable. Including too many visuals may detract from the impact of your message, so you should carefully select only those which are necessary. Images should be relevant to your topic and used appropriately. Graphs should be used to provide clear analysis of key data points, while videos can help edify the main takeaways of your presentation. It’s also important to keep all visuals cohesive by using colors, text size and types that flow together. Whether it’s an infographic or a video summary of your presentation, visuals should be simple and easily understandable for viewers to quickly decipher and remember what you discussed. Wrapping up your presentation with information-rich and visually stimulating materials will ensure that you have made a lasting impression on your audience. Be sure that all slide elements are professional, organized in an easy-to-follow manner and properly integrate them with any verbal commentary you plan use during the conclusion of the presentation .

Key Points to Know

The use of visuals in the last slide of a presentation is highly recommended as they can help to provide clarity, break up text and keep audiences engaged . When selecting visuals, choose those that are relevant and appropriate for the topic and be sure not to overuse them. Graphs should be used to analyse data points; videos should highlight takeaways; and all visual elements should be coordinated and professional. Finally, including information-rich visuals in the conclusion of a presentation will ensure that it has made a lasting impression on the audience.

Wrapping Up Your Presentation

Wrapping up your presentation is a vital step for leaving your audience with a lasting impression. If you want to create an effective last slide, it’s important to end on a strong note, emphasize the main points from throughout the presentation and provide an opportunity for questions. First, determine whether you should use a specific slide or not. When wrapping up a presentation, some prefer to summarize their points without showing an additional slide. Others think having one last slide as part of the conclusion can make a stronger impact on the audience. There’s no right answer – it largely depends on the type of information you need to convey. After deciding if you should present a final slide or not, come up with the content of your closing remarks. Summarize the key messages discussed during your talk and leave the audience with something memorable—like a quote or thought-provoking statement. This provides reinforcement of what you presented and encourages people to reflect on what they learned from your topic thereafter. It’s also important that during this pause , any questions that remained unanswered get clarified. Finally, be sure to thank your audience for attending and inviting you to present. Appreciating the time allotted for your session reinforces the value of both their presence and participation. At this point, if done correctly, you should have created a strong impression in your audience’s mind via an effective last slide or remarks and set the stage for creating a memorable impression afterwards. Now that you know how to wrap up your presentation effectively and leave your audience with something positive in mind, let’s pause here before continuing on to discuss how you can use visuals and content to really create an impactful memorable impression after they walk away from your session.

Create a Memorable Impression

Creating a memorable impression on your audience can be the most important part of a presentation. It’s your opportunity to leave them with something that they will remember and take away from the discussion. With the right approach, you can keep your audience engaged and interested until the very end of the presentation – even long after it’s finished if done correctly. When considering how to create a lasting impression, design and content are both important. Start by thinking about what visuals or images will make the most impact on your audience. Using tools such as graphs or pictures to support your message helps to cement the points you’ve been making throughout the presentation. Additionally, including a short quote or opinion from a well-known figure in the field can help to further convey your message in an interesting and powerful way. However there is also an argument for keeping things simple. For example, rather than overwhelming your audience with a strong image or abstract concept at the end of your presentation, you may find more success in leaving them with something easy to remember such as a performance summary statement – this could be a review of key points that were discussed combined with a few words emphasising why they should care about what they heard. This often works well in leaving a lasting impression while still avoiding overloading viewers with too much complex information at once. Ultimately, creating an effective last slide for your presentation should involve careful consideration of the design and content you use to best summarise the major points you have discussed for maximum impact on your audience. Next, we will discuss why it is important to keep this final slide brief and succinct.

Keep it Brief

When it comes to presenting a lasting impression on your audience with the final slide, brevity is key. An overly long presentation can be distracting and might dampen the desired impact you wish to create. Depending on the length of your presentation, there is usually no need for a lengthy explanation in order to bring the whole event to a strong conclusion. Instead, a concise summary will help summarize all the essential points without dragging out the presentation and overstaying its welcome. By choosing relevant visuals and brief statements which leave a vivid image in the minds of your viewers, you can both amplify any powerful emotions as well as condense an already longer message . The importance of being succinct must be balanced against the limited time available. Even if it means sacrificing some level of detail and allowing some perspective or information to remain unexplained or unsolved, retaining focus on key words or phrases will ensure that your points are not lost in lengthy details. Furthermore, there may be times when detailed conclusions are appropriate due to the nature and duration of your presentation; during such circumstances brevity should be reserved only for questions asked by audience members so that one person’s comment does not expend too much time or block any potential feedback from others in attendance. At the end of it all, it’s important to remember that shorter may be better — but not necessarily always preferable — when crafting an effective last slide for maximum retention. Ultimately, striking a balance between providing enough detail for comprehension and maintaining focus on clear phrases is ideal for creating an impactful conclusion. With this in mind, following directly onto our next topic we explore powerful endings and potential questions that can be posed during closing slides.

Thank You Slide in PPT 

Thank You slides are a popular concluding element to many PowerPoint presentations. They offer the presenter the opportunity to formally thank their audience for their attention, or use the slide as a way to reiterate one’s key points before they end the presentation. Depending on one’s objectives and audience size, Thank You slides can be effective tools or redundant and unnecessary, so it is important to consider both sides of the argument before including them in your presentation. Thanks You slides can help show that the presenter values the time and energy of their audience. A well-crafted Thanks You slide conveys appreciation for both short and long-presentations alike, and reinforces the professionalism of the presentation as a whole. Furthermore, it gives the presenter another chance to drive home any CTA’s (Call To Action) before ending their speech. Including a Thank You slide may appear redundant for short presentations if not done properly. Additionally, for larger crowds, presenting a slide with simple words of gratitude may come off as insincere or lack creativity. In general, if it appears forced or overly-generalized, it may detract from its effectiveness instead of leave a lasting impact on an audience. Ultimately, it comes down to personal preference and understanding one’s audience when deciding whether or not to include a Thank You slide in PPT presentations. No matter what conclusion is reached, it pays to consider all aspects of using this common tool in order to maximize its effectivity in order deliver a powerful message in every presentation .

Answers to Common Questions

Are there any specific design guidelines to follow when creating a last slide.

When creating a last slide for your presentation, there are some specific design guidelines to follow. Firstly, it should make an impact with the visuals – use bright, vibrant colors and high-quality imagery or iconography. Secondly, ensure that your call to action is clear and succinct – the audience should understand exactly what you want them to do afterward. Thirdly, make sure all necessary text is present and visible – stick to basic typography and avoid overly long sentences or paragraphs. Finally, keep your design simple – too much going on can distract from the message of the presentation. Following these guidelines will help you create an effective last slide that leaves an impressive lasting impression.

What different elements can I include in the last slide my presentation?

When creating the last slide of your presentation, it is important to include a few key elements to ensure that you make a lasting impression. The first element you should include is an attention-grabbing visual. This could be an image, a graph or chart, or a quote that relates to the content of your presentation. In addition, you should also include a succinct and memorable summary of the main points from your presentation. Make sure this summary effectively conveys the main takeaway with just a few sentences or short phrase. Finally, include a call to action for your audience – something thoughtful and meaningful for them to do after hearing your presentation. It could be a request for feedback or questions, or perhaps offering resources for further study on the topic. By carefully selecting these three elements, you will be able to craft an effective last slide of your presentation that leaves a lasting impression on your audience.

What tips can I use to create an engaging and impactful last slide?

To create an engaging and impactful last slide, there are a few key tips to take into consideration. First and foremost, try to end with a memorable message – something that will linger with your audience long after you’ve finished speaking. For example, you could include a call-to-action or a strong statement about the values and mission of your organization. This can help solidify the core message of your presentation and draw attention to how attendees should apply the information to their own lives and work. Another tip for creating an effective last slide is to use visual elements such as charts, diagrams, graphs, photos, videos or other multimedia tools. These elements add visual interest and help emphasize key points while still being easy to grasp in a short time. Use colors strategically as well; stick with hues in the same color family but mix in bold shades here and there for emphasis. Finally, make sure your closing slide is concise, organized, and free of any unnecessary text or images. Eliminate filler words like “In conclusion…” or “I hope this has been helpful…” so that nothing distracts from your main message. Leaving just enough room for appreciation gives the right impression that you’ve accomplished what you set out to do. By following these strategies and practicing them before taking your presentation live, you should be able to create an engaging and impactful last slide.

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How to Structure your Presentation, with Examples

August 3, 2018 - Dom Barnard

For many people the thought of delivering a presentation is a daunting task and brings about a  great deal of nerves . However, if you take some time to understand how effective presentations are structured and then apply this structure to your own presentation, you’ll appear much more confident and relaxed.

Here is our complete guide for structuring your presentation, with examples at the end of the article to demonstrate these points.

Why is structuring a presentation so important?

If you’ve ever sat through a great presentation, you’ll have left feeling either inspired or informed on a given topic. This isn’t because the speaker was the most knowledgeable or motivating person in the world. Instead, it’s because they know how to structure presentations – they have crafted their message in a logical and simple way that has allowed the audience can keep up with them and take away key messages.

Research has supported this, with studies showing that audiences retain structured information  40% more accurately  than unstructured information.

In fact, not only is structuring a presentation important for the benefit of the audience’s understanding, it’s also important for you as the speaker. A good structure helps you remain calm, stay on topic, and avoid any awkward silences.

What will affect your presentation structure?

Generally speaking, there is a natural flow that any decent presentation will follow which we will go into shortly. However, you should be aware that all presentation structures will be different in their own unique way and this will be due to a number of factors, including:

• Whether you need to deliver any demonstrations
• How  knowledgeable the audience  already is on the given subject
• How much interaction you want from the audience
• Any time constraints there are for your talk
• What setting you are in
• Your ability to use any kinds of visual assistance

Before choosing the presentation’s structure answer these questions first:

• What is your presentation’s aim?
• Who are the audience?
• What are the main points your audience should remember afterwards?

When reading the points below, think critically about what things may cause your presentation structure to be slightly different. You can add in certain elements and add more focus to certain moments if that works better for your speech.

What is the typical presentation structure?

This is the usual flow of a presentation, which covers all the vital sections and is a good starting point for yours. It allows your audience to easily follow along and sets out a solid structure you can add your content to.

1. Greet the audience and introduce yourself

Before you start delivering your talk, introduce yourself to the audience and clarify who you are and your relevant expertise. This does not need to be long or incredibly detailed, but will help build an immediate relationship between you and the audience. It gives you the chance to briefly clarify your expertise and why you are worth listening to. This will help establish your ethos so the audience will trust you more and think you’re credible.

Read our tips on  How to Start a Presentation Effectively

2. Introduction

In the introduction you need to explain the subject and purpose of your presentation whilst gaining the audience’s interest and confidence. It’s sometimes helpful to think of your introduction as funnel-shaped to help filter down your topic:

• Introduce your general topic
• Explain your topic area
• State the issues/challenges in this area you will be exploring
• State your presentation’s purpose – this is the basis of your presentation so ensure that you provide a statement explaining how the topic will be treated, for example, “I will argue that…” or maybe you will “compare”, “analyse”, “evaluate”, “describe” etc.
• Provide a statement of what you’re hoping the outcome of the presentation will be, for example, “I’m hoping this will be provide you with…”
• Show a preview of the organisation of your presentation

In this section also explain:

• The length of the talk.
• Signal whether you want audience interaction – some presenters prefer the audience to ask questions throughout whereas others allocate a specific section for this.
• If it applies, inform the audience whether to take notes or whether you will be providing handouts.

The way you structure your introduction can depend on the amount of time you have been given to present: a  sales pitch  may consist of a quick presentation so you may begin with your conclusion and then provide the evidence. Conversely, a speaker presenting their idea for change in the world would be better suited to start with the evidence and then conclude what this means for the audience.

Keep in mind that the main aim of the introduction is to grab the audience’s attention and connect with them.

3. The main body of your talk

The main body of your talk needs to meet the promises you made in the introduction. Depending on the nature of your presentation, clearly segment the different topics you will be discussing, and then work your way through them one at a time – it’s important for everything to be organised logically for the audience to fully understand. There are many different ways to organise your main points, such as, by priority, theme, chronologically etc.

• Main points should be addressed one by one with supporting evidence and examples.
• Before moving on to the next point you should provide a mini-summary.
• Links should be clearly stated between ideas and you must make it clear when you’re moving onto the next point.
• Allow time for people to take relevant notes and stick to the topics you have prepared beforehand rather than straying too far off topic.

When planning your presentation write a list of main points you want to make and ask yourself “What I am telling the audience? What should they understand from this?” refining your answers this way will help you produce clear messages.

4. Conclusion

In presentations the conclusion is frequently underdeveloped and lacks purpose which is a shame as it’s the best place to reinforce your messages. Typically, your presentation has a specific goal – that could be to convert a number of the audience members into customers, lead to a certain number of enquiries to make people knowledgeable on specific key points, or to motivate them towards a shared goal.

Regardless of what that goal is, be sure to summarise your main points and their implications. This clarifies the overall purpose of your talk and reinforces your reason for being there.

Follow these steps:

• Signal that it’s nearly the end of your presentation, for example, “As we wrap up/as we wind down the talk…”
• Restate the topic and purpose of your presentation – “In this speech I wanted to compare…”
• Summarise the main points, including their implications and conclusions
• Indicate what is next/a call to action/a thought-provoking takeaway
• Move on to the last section

5. Thank the audience and invite questions

Conclude your talk by thanking the audience for their time and invite them to  ask any questions  they may have. As mentioned earlier, personal circumstances will affect the structure of your presentation.

Many presenters prefer to make the Q&A session the key part of their talk and try to speed through the main body of the presentation. This is totally fine, but it is still best to focus on delivering some sort of initial presentation to set the tone and topics for discussion in the Q&A.

Other common presentation structures

The above was a description of a basic presentation, here are some more specific presentation layouts:

Demonstration

Use the demonstration structure when you have something useful to show. This is usually used when you want to show how a product works. Steve Jobs frequently used this technique in his presentations.

• Explain why the product is valuable.
• Describe why the product is necessary.
• Explain what problems it can solve for the audience.
• Demonstrate the product  to support what you’ve been saying.
• Make suggestions of other things it can do to make the audience curious.

Problem-solution

This structure is particularly useful in persuading the audience.

• Briefly frame the issue.
• Go into the issue in detail showing why it ‘s such a problem. Use logos and pathos for this – the logical and emotional appeals.
• Provide the solution and explain why this would also help the audience.
• Call to action – something you want the audience to do which is straightforward and pertinent to the solution.

Storytelling

As well as incorporating  stories in your presentation , you can organise your whole presentation as a story. There are lots of different type of story structures you can use – a popular choice is the monomyth – the hero’s journey. In a monomyth, a hero goes on a difficult journey or takes on a challenge – they move from the familiar into the unknown. After facing obstacles and ultimately succeeding the hero returns home, transformed and with newfound wisdom.

Storytelling for Business Success  webinar , where well-know storyteller Javier Bernad shares strategies for crafting compelling narratives.

Another popular choice for using a story to structure your presentation is in media ras (in the middle of thing). In this type of story you launch right into the action by providing a snippet/teaser of what’s happening and then you start explaining the events that led to that event. This is engaging because you’re starting your story at the most exciting part which will make the audience curious – they’ll want to know how you got there.

• Great storytelling: Examples from Alibaba Founder, Jack Ma

Remaining method

The remaining method structure is good for situations where you’re presenting your perspective on a controversial topic which has split people’s opinions.

• Go into the issue in detail showing why it’s such a problem – use logos and pathos.
• Rebut your opponents’ solutions  – explain why their solutions could be useful because the audience will see this as fair and will therefore think you’re trustworthy, and then explain why you think these solutions are not valid.
• After you’ve presented all the alternatives provide your solution, the remaining solution. This is very persuasive because it looks like the winning idea, especially with the audience believing that you’re fair and trustworthy.

Transitions

When delivering presentations it’s important for your words and ideas to flow so your audience can understand how everything links together and why it’s all relevant. This can be done  using speech transitions  which are words and phrases that allow you to smoothly move from one point to another so that your speech flows and your presentation is unified.

Transitions can be one word, a phrase or a full sentence – there are many different forms, here are some examples:

Moving from the introduction to the first point

Signify to the audience that you will now begin discussing the first main point:

• Now that you’re aware of the overview, let’s begin with…
• First, let’s begin with…
• I will first cover…
• My first point covers…
• To get started, let’s look at…

Shifting between similar points

Move from one point to a similar one:

• In the same way…
• Likewise…
• Equally…
• This is similar to…
• Similarly…

Internal summaries

Internal summarising consists of summarising before moving on to the next point. You must inform the audience:

• What part of the presentation you covered – “In the first part of this speech we’ve covered…”
• What the key points were – “Precisely how…”
• How this links in with the overall presentation – “So that’s the context…”
• What you’re moving on to – “Now I’d like to move on to the second part of presentation which looks at…”

Physical movement

You can move your body and your standing location when you transition to another point. The audience find it easier to follow your presentation and movement will increase their interest.

A common technique for incorporating movement into your presentation is to:

• Start your introduction by standing in the centre of the stage.
• For your first point you stand on the left side of the stage.
• You discuss your second point from the centre again.
• You stand on the right side of the stage for your third point.
• The conclusion occurs in the centre.

Key slides for your presentation

Slides are a useful tool for most presentations: they can greatly assist in the delivery of your message and help the audience follow along with what you are saying. Key slides include:

• An intro slide outlining your ideas
• A  summary slide  with core points to remember
• High quality image slides to supplement what you are saying

There are some presenters who choose not to use slides at all, though this is more of a rarity. Slides can be a powerful tool if used properly, but the problem is that many fail to do just that. Here are some golden rules to follow when using slides in a presentation:

• Don’t over fill them  – your slides are there to assist your speech, rather than be the focal point. They should have as little information as possible, to avoid distracting people from your talk.
• A picture says a thousand words  – instead of filling a slide with text, instead, focus on one or two images or diagrams to help support and explain the point you are discussing at that time.
• Make them readable  – depending on the size of your audience, some may not be able to see small text or images, so make everything large enough to fill the space.
• Don’t rush through slides  – give the audience enough time to digest each slide.

Guy Kawasaki, an entrepreneur and author, suggests that slideshows should follow a  10-20-30 rule :

• There should be a maximum of 10 slides – people rarely remember more than one concept afterwards so there’s no point overwhelming them with unnecessary information.
• The presentation should last no longer than 20 minutes as this will leave time for questions and discussion.
• The font size should be a minimum of 30pt because the audience reads faster than you talk so less information on the slides means that there is less chance of the audience being distracted.

Here are some additional resources for slide design:

• 7 design tips for effective, beautiful PowerPoint presentations
• 11 design tips for beautiful presentations
• 10 tips on how to make slides that communicate your idea

Group Presentations

Group presentations are structured in the same way as presentations with one speaker but usually require more rehearsal and practices.  Clean transitioning between speakers  is very important in producing a presentation that flows well. One way of doing this consists of:

• Briefly recap on what you covered in your section: “So that was a brief introduction on what health anxiety is and how it can affect somebody”
• Introduce the next speaker in the team and explain what they will discuss: “Now Elnaz will talk about the prevalence of health anxiety.”
• Then end by looking at the next speaker, gesturing towards them and saying their name: “Elnaz”.
• The next speaker should acknowledge this with a quick: “Thank you Joe.”

From this example you can see how the different sections of the presentations link which makes it easier for the audience to follow and remain engaged.

Example of great presentation structure and delivery

Having examples of great presentations will help inspire your own structures, here are a few such examples, each unique and inspiring in their own way.

How Google Works – by Eric Schmidt

This presentation by ex-Google CEO  Eric Schmidt  demonstrates some of the most important lessons he and his team have learnt with regards to working with some of the most talented individuals they hired. The simplistic yet cohesive style of all of the slides is something to be appreciated. They are relatively straightforward, yet add power and clarity to the narrative of the presentation.

Start with why – by Simon Sinek

Since being released in 2009, this presentation has been viewed almost four million times all around the world. The message itself is very powerful, however, it’s not an idea that hasn’t been heard before. What makes this presentation so powerful is the simple message he is getting across, and the straightforward and understandable manner in which he delivers it. Also note that he doesn’t use any slides, just a whiteboard where he creates a simple diagram of his opinion.

The Wisdom of a Third Grade Dropout – by Rick Rigsby

Here’s an example of a presentation given by a relatively unknown individual looking to inspire the next generation of graduates. Rick’s presentation is unique in many ways compared to the two above. Notably, he uses no visual prompts and includes a great deal of humour.

However, what is similar is the structure he uses. He first introduces his message that the wisest man he knew was a third-grade dropout. He then proceeds to deliver his main body of argument, and in the end, concludes with his message. This powerful speech keeps the viewer engaged throughout, through a mixture of heart-warming sentiment, powerful life advice and engaging humour.

As you can see from the examples above, and as it has been expressed throughout, a great presentation structure means analysing the core message of your presentation. Decide on a key message you want to impart the audience with, and then craft an engaging way of delivering it.

By preparing a solid structure, and  practising your talk  beforehand, you can walk into the presentation with confidence and deliver a meaningful message to an interested audience.

It’s important for a presentation to be well-structured so it can have the most impact on your audience. An unstructured presentation can be difficult to follow and even frustrating to listen to. The heart of your speech are your main points supported by evidence and your transitions should assist the movement between points and clarify how everything is linked.

Research suggests that the audience remember the first and last things you say so your introduction and conclusion are vital for reinforcing your points. Essentially, ensure you spend the time structuring your presentation and addressing all of the sections.

Great Ways to Wrap Up a Presentation

Contrary to popular belief, asking, “Do you have any questions?” is not the best way to end a presentation. Instead, end with a call to action, says Frank Carillo, president of ECG , a strategic communications consulting firm.

“If you ask [your listeners] to do nothing, they will happily comply,” he says, “Instead, ask for the business in the context of the differentiated benefit that you’ve been arguing for the last thirty minutes. For example, you can say, ‘If you want to have XY and Z, which aren’t easily attainable anywhere else in this marketplace, then you should use us as your supplier.'”

Carillo says another way to end your presentation is to restate your main point. This doesn’t mean a long, detailed summary but the main point you’ve been driving at during the entire presentation. What is your main objective? Remind your audience of the benefits of working with you or your company; make it a logical conclusion. End with a call to action, even if the call to action is nothing more than asking for another meeting.

“Maybe my presentation is not about asking for the sale at the end, but it’s making you believe that we are a credible company,” Carillo explains. “Tell a story that will stick in their minds that makes you credible. Maybe it could be about how you came through for a client when that client really needed you. Stories have texture. People remember stories better than anything else.”

Never announce that you are about to end your presentation, warns Carillo. Don’t use the words, “in conclusion,” or “to wrap it up,” or “the bottom line is.” By using these phrases, you won’t end with a bang. It will actually turn off your audience.

Carillo also cautions against moving around too much during your conclusion. “There are critical times during a presentation when it almost always works against you to move around too much, and the conclusion is one of those times,” he says. “Instead, when you are heading toward your conclusion, bring yourself to a complete and utter stop so everyone can focus on you and what you are about to say. Use a pause as you plant your feet. This will heighten the anticipation for what you are about to say.”

There are also many things you can do vocally to help people pay more attention to your conclusion. You can slow your voice or insert a dramatic pause. Again, you want to create anticipation.

Carillo also advises separating the conclusion from the question-and-answer session. Make them two different presentations. After you’ve made your final call to action, say something such as, “If your schedule allows, we can have a Q & A.” End this part of the presentation (the Q & A) by stating again why your clients should do business with you or why they should meet with you again.

“At the worst, repeat your other conclusion verbatim,” Carillo says. “At best, find another way to say the exact same thing. You don’t want the last part of your presentation to trail off into the answer to someone else’s question, or ‘Well, if that’s all the questions you have’ Make it simple. Your conclusion should speak the words that are already logically in the listeners’ heads.

“Don’t look for any easy gimmick to end a presentation,” summarizes Carillo. “Draw it to a logical conclusion by stating your differentiated benefit and what it means to the audience.”

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12 Powerful Closing Lines for a Class Presentation

Hrideep barot.

• Presentation , Public Speaking

Powerful closing lines have been a part of some of the most crucial moments in history. They’re the last notes in a symphony, the final strokes on a masterpiece, and in the context of class presentations , they’re the unforgettable conclusion that leaves your classmates in awe.

In this comprehensive guide, we’re about to unveil the artistry behind crafting unforgettable closing lines for class presentations. Whether you’re a student stepping into the spotlight to deliver a class project or an educator determined to inspire and captivate your students, never underestimate the profound impact a closing statement can have. It’s the final brushstroke on the canvas, the last note in a symphony, the lingering taste of a delicious meal. The closing lines you choose can elevate your class presentation from the realm of the ordinary to the extraordinary.

Picture this: you’ve meticulously researched your topic, crafted a compelling narrative, and delivered your content with enthusiasm. Your audience is hanging onto your every word. Now, as you reach the crescendo of your presentation , it’s time for that final flourish, that memorable conclusion that leaves an indelible mark.

In the words that follow, we’ll delve into the art and science of crafting closing lines that resonate, leaving your audience both informed and inspired. We’ll explore 12 powerful closing lines, each with its unique charm and ability to transform your presentation’s impact.

So, get ready to embark on a journey through the world of impactful conclusions . Whether you’re a student striving for an A+ or an educator aiming to ignite curiosity and learning, our guide will equip you with the tools you need to conclude your class presentation with finesse. 

Together, let’s dive right in and unlock the magic of memorable Conclusions!

1. the call to action.

Inspire your audience to take action or reflect on your presentation’s key message. Encourage them to join you on a journey of discovery or change. Example: “Now, let’s embark on this adventure together and make a difference in our world.”

2. The Thought-Provoking Quote

Close with a thought-provoking quote that encapsulates the essence of your presentation. It should leave your audience pondering its meaning. Example: “As Albert Einstein once said, ‘Imagination is more important than knowledge.’ Let’s keep imagining and learning together.”

3. The Challenge

Present a challenge to your audience, something they can take on or think about further. Example: “I challenge each of you to think beyond the ordinary, to question, to innovate, and to be the change you wish to see.”

4. The Visionary Statement

Paint a vivid picture of the future you’ve explored in your presentation. Give your audience a glimpse of what could be if they embrace the ideas presented. Example: “Imagine a world where every act of kindness ripples through society. That world is within our grasp.”

5. The Personal Anecdote

Share a personal anecdote or story that ties back to your presentation’s theme. It adds a human touch and makes your message relatable. Example: “I’ll never forget the day I realized the power of perseverance. Just like I did, we can all overcome challenges.”

6. The Call for Questions

Open the floor for questions, showing your willingness to engage with your audience further. It invites discussion and deeper exploration. Example: “I’m here to answer any questions or hear your thoughts. Who’d like to start?”

7. The Visual Recap

Display a visual summary of your key points on the screen. It reinforces your message and helps your audience remember the main takeaways. Example: “Before we conclude, let’s quickly recap the journey we’ve taken.”

8. The Emotional Appeal

Appeal to your audience’s emotions, expressing gratitude or highlighting shared values. Example: “Thank you for being a part of this journey. Together, we’ve shown that compassion and collaboration can drive change.”

9. The Future Collaboration

Suggest future collaboration or exploration of the topic together. It keeps the conversation going beyond the presentation. Example: “Let’s continue this conversation, explore new ideas, and make a difference together.”

10. The Bold Statement

Make a bold statement or prediction related to your topic. It should leave your audience excited about what lies ahead. Example: “The future of [topic] is bright, and together, we will shape it.”

11. The Call for Feedback

Encourage feedback from your audience, showing your commitment to improvement and continuous learning. Example: “Your feedback is invaluable. Please share your thoughts, suggestions, and ideas with me.”

12. The Acknowledgment of Gratitude

Express sincere gratitude to your audience for their time and attention. It’s a simple yet powerful way to wrap up. Example: “I’m truly grateful for your presence today. Thank you for being such an engaging audience.”

Examples of Powerful Closing Lines

Martin luther king jr.’s “i have a dream” speech (1963):.

In one of the most iconic speeches in history, Martin Luther King Jr. closed with the powerful words, “ Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! ”

This memorable closing statement from the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom not only marked the culmination of his vision for racial equality but also became a symbol of hope and inspiration for civil rights movements worldwide. It continues to resonate today as a call for justice, freedom, and equality.

Neil Armstrong’s Words on the Moon (1969):

As Neil Armstrong took humanity’s first step onto the lunar surface, he uttered the famous words, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” This historic closing statement not only marked a momentous achievement in space exploration but also symbolized humanity’s indomitable spirit of exploration and discovery. It remains etched in history as a testament to human ingenuity and curiosity, inspiring generations of scientists, explorers, and dreamers.

These memorable closing statements from history serve as valuable lessons, urging us to adopt their qualities and incorporate them into our own lives.

Winston Churchill’s famous speech delivered at the end of World War II:

“ Now this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning .”

Winston Churchill delivered this closing statement in his speech on November 10, 1942, following the Allied victory in the Second Battle of El Alamein during World War II. With these words, Churchill conveyed that while a significant victory had been achieved, the war was far from over. He provided hope for the future and the continued determination to prevail against Nazi Germany, acknowledging that the hardest battles were yet to come. This statement has since become emblematic of perseverance in the face of adversity.

John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address (1961):

John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address in 1961 is renowned for its call to civic duty and personal responsibility. Here’s a bit more context and the preceding lines leading up to the famous closing line:

“ And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. “

This statement marked the culmination of Kennedy’s message of shared responsibility and unity as he assumed the presidency. In the address, he addressed the challenges and opportunities facing the nation at the height of the Cold War. Kennedy inspired hope and a sense of purpose, urging Americans to contribute actively to their country’s well-being.

How can we form Powerful Closing Statements :

1. the visionary challenge:.

• Example 1: “Together, let’s envision a world where every child has access to quality education, where poverty becomes a relic of the past, and where innovation knows no bounds. As we embark on this journey, remember that change begins with a single step, and each of us has the power to be that change.”
• Elaboration : This closing statement invites the audience to envision a better future while emphasizing individual agency in creating that change. It challenges listeners to become active participants in a collective vision.

2. The Invitation for Reflection:

• Example 2: “As we conclude today, I invite you to take a moment to reflect on the lessons learned, the connections forged, and the possibilities ahead. Remember that learning is a lifelong journey, and our experiences today are just the beginning of a greater adventure.”
• Elaboration : This closing statement encourages introspection and emphasizes the continuous nature of learning. It leaves the audience with a sense of ongoing growth and exploration.

These original examples of powerful closing statements are designed to inspire and leave a lasting impact on the audience, much like the historical examples mentioned earlier. They encourage forward-thinking, reflection, and a sense of shared purpose.

What is THE BEST way to end a presentation?

I. the surprise element:.

Leave your audience with a surprising fact or unexpected twist related to your topic. A well-placed surprise can make your presentation memorable.

Example of Topic: Environmental Conservation

Closing: “Did you know that a single recycled plastic bottle saves enough energy to power a laptop for 25 minutes? So, every time you toss one in the recycling bin, you’re literally fueling your own productivity!”

II. Visual Metaphor:

Use a visual metaphor or analogy to drive home your main message. An evocative image or comparison can linger in your audience’s mind.

Example of Topic: Teamwork and Collaboration

Closing: “Just like the gears in a well-oiled machine work together seamlessly, our teamwork can propel us to success. Let’s keep our projects running as smoothly as these gears.”

III. Personal Connection:  

Share a brief personal anecdote or experience that ties into your presentation’s theme. Connecting on a personal level can create a stronger bond with your audience.

Example of Topic: Overcoming Challenges

Closing: “When I faced a similar obstacle during my internship last summer, I thought it was insurmountable. But I persisted, and it taught me that perseverance pays off. I hope my experience inspires you to push through your challenges as well.”

IV. Open-Ended Question:

Instead of a call to action, ask an open-ended question that encourages contemplation. This leaves your audience with something to ponder after your presentation.

Example of Topic: Ethics in Business

Closing: “As we conclude, I’d like to leave you with this question: What role do ethics play in shaping the future of business? I encourage you to reflect on this and share your thoughts in our discussion after the presentation.”

V. A Powerful Image: 

Display a single striking image that encapsulates the essence of your message. Visual impact can sometimes convey more than words.

Example of Topic: History of Space Exploration

Closing: “This image of Earthrise taken from the Apollo 8 mission reminds us of our place in the cosmos and the importance of exploring the unknown. Let it inspire your curiosity and wonder about the universe.”

VI. Contrast and Resolution:  

Highlight a before-and-after scenario related to your topic. Show how your presentation has provided a solution or resolution to a problem.

Example of Topic: Health and Fitness

Closing: “Remember the ‘before’ picture we saw at the beginning of this presentation? Today, we’ve explored the path to a healthier lifestyle. Let’s embrace this transformation and make positive changes together.”

VII. Provocative Statement: 

Make a thought-provoking statement that challenges conventional thinking. Stimulating intellectual curiosity can leave a lasting impression.

Example of Topic: Artificial Intelligence

Closing: “In a world where machines are becoming increasingly intelligent, the real question is, ‘What does it mean to be human?’ Let’s keep pondering this as we navigate the age of AI.”

VIII. Audience Participation Challenge: 

Challenge your audience to apply a concept or principle from your presentation in their daily lives. Encourage them to share their experiences later.

Example of Topic: Effective Study Techniques

Closing: “Now, I challenge each of you to implement one new study strategy from today’s presentation for the next week and share your experiences with the class. Let’s see how it impacts our learning.”

IX. Visual Progression:

Use a series of visual slides that depict progress or transformation. Show how your presentation has advanced the understanding of your topic.

Example of Topic: Scientific Discovery

Closing: “From the initial observations to the breakthrough experiments we discussed today, science continually evolves. Let’s continue to explore, learn, and advance our understanding of the natural world.”

What Is a Good Closing Sentence For a Thank You Note: 

1. the reflecting farewell :.

Sometimes, sticking to the classics is the way to go. Example: “In conclusion, let’s remember that it’s through our collective efforts that we can make a positive difference. Thank you for being part of this journey.”

This option is compelling as it inspires a sense of unity and purpose, encouraging the audience to reflect on the speech’s message.

2. The Forward-Looking Finish Line:

Want to keep the connection alive? Try a closing like, “Looking forward to catching up soon!” It adds a hint of anticipation and suggests that your gratitude isn’t just a one-time thing; you’re excited about future encounters.

3. The Appreciative Gesture:

To infuse your closing with warmth, make your thank-you note feel like a heartfelt connection. Example: To sum it up, your presence here today has added immeasurable value to this occasion. Thank you for being a part of this memorable moment.”

This sentence is strong because it emphasizes the audience’s importance in the event, making them feel appreciated and valued.

4. The Purposeful Note :

This one is especially unique as it leaves a sense of purpose and responsibility behind, also a technique used by some of the greatest leaders ever.

Example: “To wrap things up, I’d like to extend my sincere thanks for your time and consideration. May the lessons shared today resonate in our hearts and guide us forward.”

This closing is powerful because it leaves the audience with a sense of purpose and reflection, reinforcing the speech’s key takeaways.

5. The Creating Impact :

Leaving the audience feeling important and validated is very important. By saying that they make a difference or that they can leave an impact gives them a sense of power and control.

Example: “In summary, your support means the world to me, and I’m grateful beyond words. Let’s continue to make a positive impact together.”

This closing is effective as it conveys deep appreciation and invites the audience to be part of ongoing positive endeavors.

6. The Grateful Signature:

If you want to emphasize your thankfulness one last time, end with, “With heartfelt thanks.” It’s a signature of gratitude, leaving no doubt about the sincerity of your appreciation.

Example:  “In closing, I want to express my heartfelt gratitude once more for your presence today. Your support and attention have made this moment truly special.”

This closing sentence is effective because it reiterates gratitude, leaving a lasting impression of appreciation in the audience’s minds.

Let us use an example to get a better understanding:

I want to extend my heartfelt gratitude to all of you for being such an attentive and engaging audience during my recent speech. Your presence and active participation added depth and meaning to the discussion, and it was an absolute pleasure to share my thoughts with you.

Your support and enthusiasm are truly appreciated, and I hope the insights shared in my speech continue to resonate with you. If you have any further questions or thoughts, please don’t hesitate to reach out. Thank you once again for your time and attention.

How Can I End a Presentation Without Saying Thank You:  

While expressing gratitude is a common way to conclude a presentation, there are moments when you might want to skip the traditional “thank you.” Here are some creative alternatives to wrap up your presentation effectively:

The Forward-Looking Statement:

Instead of looking back with gratitude, look forward with anticipation. Share your excitement about what lies ahead for your audience. For example, “I can’t wait to see the incredible impact we’ll make together.”

The Challenge Accepted:

Challenge your audience to take what they’ve learned and put it into action immediately. Encourage them to apply your insights and make a positive change. For instance, “I challenge each of you to implement one key takeaway from today’s presentation within the next week.”

 The Future Vision:

Paint a compelling vision of the future that aligns with your presentation’s theme. Describe the possibilities and benefits that await if your audience embraces your ideas. Use vivid language to help them visualize this future.

 The Open-Ended Question:

Pose a thought-provoking question that invites your audience to reflect and engage. This question should leave them pondering and encourage discussions beyond the presentation’s end.

The Inspiring Quote:

Share an inspiring quote that encapsulates the essence of your presentation. This can be a memorable way to conclude and leave your audience with a powerful message to remember.

The Call to Action:

If your presentation is focused on action, end with a clear call to action. Prompt your audience to do something meaningful based on your presentation’s content. It could be signing up for a workshop, joining a cause, or volunteering.

The Visual Surprise :

End with a visual surprise, such as revealing a compelling image or infographic that reinforces your message. Visuals can leave a strong impression and drive your point home.

 The Personal Connection:

Share a personal anecdote or story that relates to your presentation. Make it relatable and memorable, leaving your audience with a connection to your message.

 The Group Activity:

If your presentation allows, engage your audience in a brief group activity that reinforces your message or encourages collaboration and interaction.

 The Poignant Pause:

Conclude with a moment of silence or reflection. Allow your audience to absorb the key takeaways and reflect on the impact of your presentation.

Remember, the choice of how to conclude your presentation without saying “thank you” should align with your overall message, purpose, and audience. It’s an opportunity to leave a lasting impression and guide your audience toward the desired action or mindset.

Conclusion:

Throughout this exploration of closing statements, we’ve journeyed from understanding the significance of powerful closings to uncovering various ways to leave a lasting impact. From memorable historical examples to creative alternatives, we’ve delved into the art of concluding with finesse.

Closing statements are not mere formalities; they are the key to resonating with your audience, leaving an indelible mark, and driving your message home. Whether you choose to inspire, challenge, or provoke thought, the closing is your final opportunity to connect deeply.

So, when you find yourself at the brink of a presentation’s conclusion, remember the artistry of the closing statement. Use it wisely, weave it skillfully, and watch as your words echo in the hearts and minds of your audience, carrying the essence of your message long after the final word is spoken.

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How to conclude a presentation: Closing, wrapping up or finishing a business presentation

• Posted at 10:17 am
• on September 25, 2017
• in Presentation Skills Tips

When it comes to ending your business presentation, do you know what to say so that the audience remember your message and take the action you desire? An important step in structuring an influential presentation is to ensure you close with strength.

Unfortunately most presenters don’t make the most of this important part of the presentation. The result is that the presentation ends with low energy and people can feel a bit flat. I’m sure you have heard a business presenter finish saying, ‘thank you’ and then everyone just nods, gets up and walks out! They go straight back to their desk or straight on to the next meeting and don’t give another thought to the key message of that presentation they just sat through for an hour. What a waste of everyone’s time!

Here are the powerful ways on how to conclude a presentation:

Other information – Firstly think about adding any extra information that you want to cover, but that doesn’t really fit in the body of your presentation. This could be extra facts, data, interesting tips that make the content more rich and engaging. At this time in the presentation you can also give your contact details so the audience knows how to get in touch with you if they want to discuss your presentation further. This could include your website, intranet access code or email address for example. And if you are thinking of saying ‘thank you’ at some stage in the presentation then it’s also where you say something like: ‘it’s been my pleasure speaking with you today’.

Note: ‘thank you’ implies that you ‘owe’ the audience for coming so it’s better to just say something like, ‘this has been a wonderful opportunity for us to discuss….’

Summary – You probably know that thanks to the law of primacy and recency, your audience is more likely to remember the first or last thing you say. In fact Michael Grinder – an amazing speaking coach from the US explained to me when I worked with him that there’s some research around that suggests that people’s attention peaks when they think you’re nearly finished! So a great tip, is to say some sort of transitional phrase like: “in summary…” to spark people’s attention and wake your audience up again !

The summary should include your three key messages so the audience remember the important points from what you’ve said throughout the presentation.

Call to action – This is where you ask your audience to do the thing you want them to do. It could be to ‘endorse your recommendations’, ‘implement the strategy immediately’, ‘refer you to their colleagues’, ‘buy your product or service’ or whatever behaviour you require as a result of this presentation. Don’t be shy – if you don’t ask, they might not know you want them to do it!

Related: Break the ice – use an ‘icebreaker’

Question and Answer – This is where you facilitate the question and answer session. Remember the Q&A and it can be one of the best parts of your presentation if you prepare properly. For more information on how to effectively run a Q&A take a read through my best selling book called How to Present .

Negative and Positive Consequences – This is where you explain to the audience what will happen if they do (and don’t do) what you’re suggesting.

Closing Statement – Your closing statement should be uplifting, short and punchy and should link to your opening so the audience knows it’s the end without a slide that says: ‘the end’!

Note: It’s a good idea to refrain from calling your audience to action again in your close. They heard you in the call to action and won’t generally appreciate being ‘sold’ to!

Next time you present, have a look at these 6 steps and try implementing them so you set yourself up to be a powerful presenter who motivates.

For more information on how to present with confidence, clarity and influence please read  How to Present: the ultimate guide to presenting your ideas and influencing people using techniques that actually work (Wiley)  Or consider attending Michelle’s public  2-day Persuasive Presentation Skills Masterclass .

Michelle Bowden is an authority on presentation & persuasion in business. Michelle is a CSP (the highest designation for speakers in the world), Founder of Speakers’ Club, co-creator of the PRSI (a world-first psychometric indicator that tests your persuasiveness at work), best selling internationally published author (Wiley), 8 x nominee for the prestigious Educator Award for Excellence, editor of How to Present magazine, producer of Michelle Bowden TV, and a regular commentator in print, radio and online media. Sign up for Michelle’s FREE How to Present magazine TODAY  https://michellebowden.com.au

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BEP 276 – English Presentation Skills 3: Wrapping Up

Welcome back to Business English Pod for today’s lesson on wrapping up a presentation in English .

Some people say that the start of a presentation is the most important part. That’s where you grab people’s attention and give them a reason to listen. But the end of your presentation is just as important. If you do a great job of engaging your audience but then have a weak finish, they’ll walk away with a bad last impression. And you want to avoid that at all costs.

So what exactly is involved in a good conclusion to a presentation? What do you need to do to make sure people walk away feeling that they learned something, they want to buy something, or they agree with you?

Today, we’ll learn some great ways to do just that. We’ll look at a variety of English presentation techniques such as summarizing key ideas, closing inspirationally, and opening up for questions. We’ll also learn how to connect your ideas with the big picture and wrap up at the end of the presentation.

In this lesson, we’ll hear how two different speakers finish their presentations. The first speaker is Nick, a recruiter for a medical supplies company. He’s been trying to convince potential recruits that his company is great to work for. In the second dialog we’ll hear Diane, who’s finishing up a report about her company’s third quarter financial statements.

Listening Questions

1. In his summary, Nick mentions several topics that he covered. What are they? 2. To inspire his listeners, what does Nick ask them to think about? 3. What does Diane say is the company’s larger vision?

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Wrap Up 2020 With These End of Year Templates

We’re in the homestretch, 2020 is almost behind us. For many businesses this means getting a head start on planning for Q1 and Q2. While planning ahead is important, it’s just as important to end the current year strong. For a lot of teams, the next three weeks will be spent tying up loose ends, pulling final reports, analyzing the competition, and presenting your findings to the company, upper management, and the board. It sounds like a lot, but we’re here to help.

These five presentation templates will help you wrap up 2020 so that you’re in good shape for the new year.

Year-end review

Here’s an obvious one: a year-end review template . If you use any of the presentation templates, let this one be it. 

As you put 2020 to bed, it’s time to reflect on what worked for your business and what didn’t. A year-end review presentation can help you find solutions for any issues, and implement a strategy for company growth moving forward. You’ll ultimately use this end of year review deck to present your findings to investors, upper management, or employees during all-hands meetings. 

Use our year-end review presentation template to summarize how the company performed in 2020, set goals for 2021 and beyond, and outline a strategy to meet said goals.

Board meeting

It’s likely that your board will want to squeeze in one last meeting to wrap up the fiscal year. They’ll want to see your wins for 2020, and your business plans for 2021. 

Make an impression by putting together an impactful presentation with Beautiful.ai’s customizable board meeting presentation template . Our template will help you host a productive, efficient board meeting that reflects on company progress from 2020, refines goals for 2021, and celebrates any company wins.

You may use a board meeting presentation to align on key company initiatives, share updates with the board from Q4 or the entire year, and evaluate past, present and future campaigns or goals. 

Competitive analysis

As you're analyzing your year as a business, you may want to consider taking a look at the competition, too. How did your competitors do this year? What worked for them? How do their strengths and weaknesses compare to yours? The better you understand your competitors, the better chance you have of standing out against them in 2021. 

A competitive analysis report template can help you identify competitors—new and old— in your field, as well as analyze their reach, products or services, areas of operation, online presence, and more. Once you understand your competitors’ strengths and weaknesses, you can create strategies that help you bridge the gaps for the new year. 

Use our competitive analysis report template to analyze your organization’s target market, compare your products or services against competitors, and create 2021 strategies to build stronger market share. 

All-hands meeting

Make sure the entire company is aligned on your 2020 hits and misses. It’s a good idea to gather for an all-hands meeting to wrap up the year with the team. 

These meetings allow separate teams, departments, and employees to connect to one another and brings everyone up to speed on the business goals, projects, and wins. You can accomplish a lot, and round out the year together, if you organize your meeting well. 

Beautiful.ai’s all-hands template is great for sharing departmental and company-wide updates from 2020, reminding your team of the company’s broader vision and goals going into the new year, and highlighting new initiatives for 2021. 

Budget proposal 

Of course, with a new fiscal year comes a new budget. You should take a deeper dive into your 2020 budget to help you plan for 2021. Where can you trim down and reallocate your budget for the new year? Or do you need to request additional funding?

When you need to make your case to managers or executives for additional resources for 2021, a budget proposal presentation is an essential tool. Your presentation should explain your idea, what obstacles you saw in 2020 and what you may come across in 2021, and why your desired budget is necessary for the new fiscal year. 

Use a budget proposal presentation to gain funding for your department, explain the budget for a new project or initiative, or fund new hires for your team in 2021. 

Check out all of our pre-built presentation templates curated by industry experts here .

Jordan Turner

Jordan is a Bay Area writer, social media manager, and content strategist.

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How to wrap text in google slides.

Make an attention-worthy presentation by wrapping text in slides

You must strike the right balance between media files and text to create an engaging presentation. When you insert several photos in a slide, wrap the text around them to enhance its visual appeal. It also adds a professional touch and conveys the message better.

When you add text and images to a slide, you may need to change the text position so that it doesn't overlap with the inserted media. Whether you use Google Slides on a desktop or rely on the company's apps on your iPhone, budget Android phone , or tablet to make last-minute tweaks, check the tips below to wrap text around images in no time.

What is text wrap in Google Slides?

Text wrapping is a common feature in popular Google Workspace and Microsoft 365 apps, like Docs, Sheets, Word, Excel, and Google Slides. It wraps text around other slide content like photos and videos. You can resize text content and place it in a relevant position on a slide.

How to add transparency to an image in Google Slides

Wrap text in google slides on the web.

Since most Google Slides users prefer a web version, let's start with it. Follow the steps below to insert an image and add text around it.

• Launch Google Slides on the web and sign in with your account details.
• Create a new presentation or open an existing one.

Now, it's time to wrap the text around your image. Unlike Google Docs, there isn't a one-click solution to adjust your text automatically. You'll rely on a workaround.

• Move to a new slide when you are satisfied with the outcome.

Tweak wrap text effect in Google Slides

You can also play with text formatting options in Google Slides. This is a neat way to improve the text wrap effect.

• Open a slide in your presentation and select a text box.
• Click Format at the top and expand Align and indent .

The option produces a clean edge on the left and right. It takes care of uneven gaps and rivers in the text.

Wrap text in Google Slides apps

The ability to wrap text in Google Slides is available on mobile and tablet. We use Google Slides for iPad in the screenshots below.

• Launch Google Slides on your tablet and open a presentation.
• Use the blue border to place your text box anywhere on a slide.

How to add a timer to Google Slides

Benefits of wrapping text in google slides.

Unlike Microsoft PowerPoint, Google Slides isn't smart enough to show design ideas based on your added text, images, and other graphical elements. When you add images and text, you must manually adjust them for a cohesive look. Here are some of the advantages of wrapping text in Google Slides.

• Creates a solid presentation with lots of images and relevant text content.
• Conveys your pitch in a meaningful manner.
• Simplifies your busy slide.
• Cuts down the number of slides in a presentation.

Improvise your pitch

Your presentation may look busy, cluttered, and unprofessional without text wrapping. It only requires a few clicks and small adjustments to make your text look organized with other slide elements. You can also tweak text from the Google Slides mobile apps.

If you don't want to deal with text wrapping and other formatting options, start with a top Google Slides template and make the required changes quickly to complete a presentation.

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HFM Daily offers blog coverage by the award-winning HFM editorial team and links to in-depth information on health care design, construction, engineering, environmental services, operations and technology. You can read HFM Daily stories on this page or subscribe to Health Facilities Management This Week for a Friday roundup of the week's posts.

A wrap-up of the 2024 PDC Summit

The conference highlighted the collaborative skills necessary to produce compliant, patient- and staff-focused facilities while incorporating tech and sustainability.

Kara Brooks, senior associate director of sustainability at ASHE, leads a panel discussion on decarbonization with Geoffrey Glass, senior manager of energy and sustainability at Providence; Terri Scannell, principal advisor of sustainability and environmental, social and governance at Ohio Health; and Timothy Peglow, associate vice president for patient care and prevention facilities at MD Anderson Cancer Center

Image from ASHE

The 2024 International Summit & Exhibition on Health Care Facility Planning, Design & Construction (PDC Summit) brought together thousands of professionals who have a stake in health care operations to San Diego March 17-20.   

The roster of attendees, sessions and exhibitors were as professionally diverse as the organizations hosting the event. The American Society for Health Care Engineering (ASHE) was joined by Supporting Organizations from the fields of architecture, interior design, engineering, nursing and security (see the full list of Supporting Organizations below) all focused on building facilities that can respond to today’s challenges and meet tomorrow’s needs.

The summit showcased a mix of leadership development and concurrent sessions that dove into the brass tacks of planning, design and construction.

Shola Richards, author of Go Together and Making Work Work , kicked off the conference as this year’s keynote speaker with a message focused on kindness. The self-proclaimed “kindness extremist” gave attendees three questions to ask themselves to help increase their emotional intelligence when communicating with their teams: Is it kind? Is it true? Is it necessary? A “yes” to all three questions is a welcomed gage when determining when and how to share information with others. 

Another tip? Richards says it’s important to operate from your “hire” self, that is, the person one purports to be during their job interview before they were hired. To accomplish this consistently, Richards says one only needs to focus on doing the right thing for “just today.” 

Keeping that frame of mind throughout the conference, attendees could choose from sessions spanning from infection control in construction and design to research exploring how different genders engage with exam room designs. 

The schedule was also designed to meet different expertise levels. Sessions ran the gamut, from education tailored toward those new to the field and seeking fundamental knowledge to advanced-level discussions suited to experts with years of experience. 

For instance, Leah Hummel, AIA, CHFM, CHC, senior associate director of regulatory affairs at ASHE, participated in a panel discussion alongside Tina Duncan, AIA, ACHA, CBO, director of codes and standards at HKS Inc., and Henry Kosarzycki, AIA, code architect at Flad Architects, that helped attendees navigate the labyrinth of health care codes when designing and renovating facilities. 

The speakers advised professionals to stock their regulatory bookshelves with the codes, standards and guidelines applicable to their facilities. Hummel, Duncan and Kosarzycki recommended starting with a few key questions to determine what those “books” are for their facilities: 

• Is the facility new or existing?
• What type of occupancy is the facility classified as?
• Is the facility deemed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services?
• What are the code, standard and/or guideline editions adopted by the authorities having jurisdiction that survey/accredit the facility? 

In addition to issues of compliance, the conference also highlighted sustainability and technology during its general and concurrent sessions. 

Kara Brooks, MS, LEED AP BD+C, senior associate director of sustainability at ASHE, tapped into the expertise of Terri Scannell, principal advisor of sustainability and environmental, social and governance at Ohio Health; Geoffrey Glass, senior manager of energy and sustainability at Providence; and Timothy Peglow, P.E., SASHE, associate vice president for patient care and prevention facilities at MD Anderson Cancer Center based in the Houston area, for a general session titled “Prescribing Sustainability: Explore Multifaceted Paths to Hospital Decarbonization.”

Brooks explained that the evolving regulatory landscape is moving toward greater regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, with several states and locales adopting greenhouse gas reduction targets to be hit by varying timeframes. Scannell shared how OhioHealth was successful in using Inflation Reduction Act incentives to fund a solar array at one if its facilities, bringing the cost down from $300,000 to $70,000. Peglow also shared wins seen at MD Anderson, such as reducing steam use by 40% and chilled water use by 10%. Glass referred to an initiative at Providence to eliminate nitrous oxide leaks across its facilities. 

Regarding technology, several sessions highlighted the digitization of care and how that can inform future health care physical environment design. For instance, with laboratory equipment becoming smaller and smaller, will hospitals need to dedicate as much space to these functions? Will drone ports become a regular feature as hospitals experiment with alternative medical supply delivery methods? 

These are questions Daniel Kraft, M.D., a physician-scientist, posed during a session titled “The Future of Health & Medicine: Where can Technology Take Us?” Though many of the questions are yet to be answered, and will likely require evolving answers, Kraft says that health care, which is already behind in digital adoption, must adapt to rapid change in patients’ desires and behaviors.

The conference wrapped with several talks on collaboration and the intersection of health care disciplines. 

ASHE Executive Director Lizzie Ortolano moderated a panel discussion with representatives from the conference’s Supporting Organizations to share how each field is working to bridge the gaps that sometimes exist in health care.

For instance, ASHRAE shared how it partnered with ASHE on the new Guideline 43, Operations Guideline for Ventilation of Health Care Facilities, which is open for public comment until April 15. The Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN) also tapped on ASHE to help it refine language of its Sterile Technique guideline. AORN also worked with the Facility Guidelines Institute (FGI) to ensure language it used in its Guideline for Design and Maintenance of the Surgical Suite was consistent with terms used by FGI.

Other challenges addressed by the speakers included labor shortages, inflation and supply chain shortages. 

The Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology shared how it worked with the Department of Labor to create a job code for infection preventionists and create internships for future epidemiologists. 

Regarding inflation and supply chain impacts, the panelists cautioned against making decisions based solely on current market headaches because it could lead to undesirable effects in the future. For example, although upfront costs for materials are much higher in today’s market, scuttling intended design plans or foregoing certain pieces of equipment due to price inflation or long lead times could end up costing health care facilities more in the long-term. 

Interested in attending next year’s PDC Summit ? Save the dates of March 9-12, 2025, when the summit travels to Atlanta. Sign up for alerts on the PDC Summit and other ASHE events, including the Health Care Facilities Innovation Conference in July , to stay up to date.

PDC Summit Supporting Organizations

The International Summit & Exhibition on Health Facility Planning, Design & Construction is jointly produced by the American Society for Health Care Engineering; the American College of Healthcare Architects; Academy of Architecture for Health, a Knowledge Community of the American Institute of Architecture; Association of periOperative Registered Nurses; Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology; ASHRAE; The Center for Health Design; Facility Guidelines Institute; International Association for Healthcare Security & Safety; Nursing Institute for Healthcare Design; and the American Academy of Healthcare Interior Designers.

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Trump accused of 'inciting violence' after sharing video with image depicting Biden tied up in the back of a pickup truck

• Donald Trump shared an image of President Joe Biden hog-tied in the bed of a passing pickup truck.
• The video was reportedly filmed in Long Island, New York.
• The Biden campaign accused the presumptive GOP  nominee of inciting violence against the president.

The presumptive Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump faced criticism Friday for posting a video to his social-media account that appeared to show President Joe Biden hog-tied in the bed of a passing pickup truck.

The caption said the video was taken in Long Island, New York, where Trump had been attending the wake of the NYPD officer Jonathan Diller.

Posted to his Truth Social account, the video showed a passing truck adorned with "Trump 2024" stickers and "thin blue line" flags showing support for police, with the picture of Biden with his hands and feet bound painted on the vehicle's tailgate .

Trump just posted a video of a pickup truck on Truth Social that has a giant image of President Biden bound with rope and laying, apparently kidnapped. This is the MAGA violence he is promoting. https://t.co/WFiXIFWU7R pic.twitter.com/Cm4M0QeoKs — No Lie with Brian Tyler Cohen (@NoLieWithBTC) March 29, 2024

Michael Tyler, a spokesperson for the Biden campaign, criticized Trump for posting the video.

"This image from Donald Trump is the type of crap you post when you're calling for a bloodbath or when you tell the Proud Boys to 'stand back and stand by,'" Tyler said in a statement shared with NBC News .

"Trump is regularly inciting political violence and it's time people take him seriously — just ask the Capitol Police officers who were attacked protecting our democracy on January 6."

Steven Cheung, a spokesperson for the Trump campaign, told NBC News: "That picture was on the back of a pick up truck that was traveling down the highway."

Related stories

"Democrats and crazed lunatics have not only called for despicable violence against President Trump and his family, they are actually weaponizing the justice system against him."

Business Insider did not immediately receive a response from the Trump campaign's press office, sent outside standard working hours.

Similar trucks were also spotted when Trump's supporters showed up to protest the comedian Kathy Griffin's "My Life on the PTSD-List" event in Huntington, Long Island, New York. Griffin has faced regular criticism from Trump supporters since 2017 when she posed with a fake severed head resembling the former president .

Trump supporters showed up to protest Kathy Griffin’s “My Life On PTSD-List” in Huntington Long Island “Kathy Griffin you suck” BTW concert was HILARIOUS pic.twitter.com/8GAkHGQuai — RealSandiBachom 📹 (@realsandibachom) March 25, 2024

Inciting violence

The video has prompted concerns that Trump is promoting violent behavior or appearing to threaten the president.

Joyce Alene White Vance, a former US attorney for the Northern District of Alabama, wrote that the Secret Service should take the incident seriously and that Trump's post was "totally out of bounds."

"I know from experience how the Secret Service interacts with people who make threats against POTUS, even ones they can't carry out," she wrote on X.

"This, from a former president, is totally out of bounds. It's time to stop letting Trump break the rules. Long past time."

Frank Figliuzzi , a former assistant director with the FBI , wrote : "If you or I did this, we'd have a knock on the door."

The video comes a few weeks after Trump told supporters at an Ohio rally that, if he weren't reelected, there would be a "bloodbath" while speaking about the automobile industry.

Last year, Trump warned about "potential death and destruction" if he were to be charged in the Manhattan district attorney's hush-money case against him.

Watch: Biden denounces Trump and MAGA Republicans as extremists

• Main content

Is the Apple Card worth it? Here’s what you need to know

Apple Card has been available for several years at this point, and it’s proven to be a very popular credit card. Despite its popularity, however, there are a few things to keep in mind before signing up for Apple Card. Here’s what you need to know.

Apple Card quick facts

• Apply and manage directly in the Wallet app on your iPhone
• Get a free Apple-designed titanium card
• No late fees
• No over-limit fees
• No foreign transaction fees
• Created by Apple with a financial back-end powered by Goldman Sachs
• All payments due on the last day of the month
• Find out if you’re approved with only a soft credit check
• Apple Card Savings Account

Apple Card perks

The Apple Card offers a set of rewards and perks that make it enticing for a few different reasons. The headlining feature is the ability to earn “Unlimited Day Cash back” on every purchase. The amount of that cash back, however, varies by where and how you make that purchase.

• 3% Daily Cash back on every purchase from Apple Stores, Apple’s website, and all digital purchases from the App Store, iTunes, and Apple services like Apple Music and Apple TV+
• 2% Daily Cash back on all purchases made using Apple Pay online and in-store
• 1% Daily Cash back on all other purchases

You can also get 3% Daily Cash back when you buy with Apple Pay at a selection of specific stores and retailers:

• Ace Hardware
• Duane Reade
• Panera Bread

Apple Card Monthly Installments

Another of the nice perks of Apple Card is the “Monthly Installments” feature that allows you to finance any purchase of Apple products over time with zero-percent interest.

If you’re an Apple Card user, you’ll see an “Apple Card Monthly Installments” financing option. You can finance pretty much any Apple product using this option, including all of Apple’s primary product categories:

• iPhone: Finance across 24 months
• Mac: Finance across 12 months
• iPad: Finance across 12 months
• Apple Watch: Finance across 24 months
• AirPods: Finance across 6 months
• Apple TV 4K: Finance across 6 months

If you trade in an iPhone towards the purchase of a new iPhone, the value of that trade-in will be instantly deducted from the purchase price of the new iPhone, lowering your monthly installment.

You also earn 3% Daily Cash on all Apple Card Monthly Installment purchases. For instance, if you buy an iPhone 14 for $799, you get the full 3% Daily Cash, or roughly $24, deposited right away, even though you haven’t actually paid for the device yet.

There is no approval process required for Apple Card Monthly Installments. Instead, the balance of your installments counts towards your overall Apple Card credit limit. For instance, if you have a credit limit of $5,000 and you finance an iPhone 14 from Apple, the cost of that iPhone 14 is subtracted from your overall credit limit.

What is Daily Cash?

“Daily Cash” is what Apple calls the cash back that you earn with Apple Card purchases. You earn the Daily Cash right after the purchase posts to your Apple Card balance. This is different than many other cash back cards, which don’t give the cash back until the end of each statement cycle.

By default, Daily Cash is deposited directly to your “Apple Cash” balance. Apple Cash is a separate card in the Wallet app that is effectively Apple’s competitor to other payment services like Venmo and Cash app.

Money in your Apple Cash account can be used for Apple Pay purchases, sent to friends and family via Messages, or transferred to your linked bank account. You can also use your Apple Cash funds to pay down the balance of your Apple Card itself.

Another option available is to have Daily Cash rewards immediately applied to your Apple Card’s balance. This works if you don’t have an Apple Cash account.

Most recently, Apple launched Apple Card Savings Account . This is a new feature exclusive to Apple Card users. You can have your Daily Cash deposited to the savings account instantly, which offers 4.15% interest, and make deposits from a linked bank account.

Apple Card security and privacy

Apple Card also offers a handful of security and privacy features that can help protect your information and finances to prevent unauthorized transactions.

• Advanced Fraud Protection: The Card Security Code automatically refreshes every day.
• No card number or security code on the physical card itself
• Ability to lock your Apple Card via the Wallet app
• Real-time transaction notifications via the Wallet app

Is the Apple Card worth it?

Now that we’ve run through the benefits and features of Apple Card, we can talk about whether or not it’s worth it.

For a card with no annual fee, the Apple Card has some enticing perks and reward options – especially for people who find themselves spending a decent amount of money with Apple directly.

The Apple Card is worth it if the following things apply to you:

• You aren’t concerned about the potential one-time hit to your credit score.
• Apple Pay is widely accepted as a payment option from the stores and websites you shop.
• You buy products from Apple, the App Store, and Apple Services.
• You can responsibly take advantage of the Apple Card Monthly Installments option for 0% financing on Apple products.
• There’s also a web interface for Apple Card, but the Wallet app is the best way to manage Apple Card.

That’s not to say the Apple Card is a must-have credit card, though. There are similarly competitive cash back options from the likes of Chase, Citi, and Discover. You can also check out options from American Express, many of which offer more enticing rewards as long as you know how to best redeem the Membership Rewards points.

I got the chance to talk with Emmanuel Crouvisier, developer of the popular CardPointers app , about the Apple Card. CardPointers is an excellent app for iPhone, iPad, and Mac to help you maximize credit card rewards.

There are so many more advantages to a good rewards card, like a  Chase Freedom, Sapphire Preferred ,  Citi Premier, or Amex Gold card . With those cards you can earn transferable points which you can transfer to airlines and hotels to get a lot more value out of the points that you earn — and their points multipliers for most categories are much higher than the Apple Card, too.  With the Apple Card the most you can get is 3% back on your purchase, whereas with the cards I’ve mentioned, you can get 5x back in points on some categories like restaurants, gas stations, etc, and those points are worth even more as you can redeem them for things like business class seats to Europe.  If someone spends $10,000 on their Apple Card in a year they’ll get back at most $300, whereas the same $10k spend on a good rewards card can earn them 50,000 points, and those points can be worth 4c or more with a good redemption, meaning the real value would be $2,000. Literally, 7x more value out of using a good rewards card, and that’s what CardPointers helps users do — earn more from every purchase just by paying with the right card.  Even if you just want to focus on cash back, other cards can earn the same cash back as the Apple Card on even more categories and merchants. I’d love to see the Apple Card further improve their earnings categories, and more and more banks are doing deals directly with specific merchants as a form of advertising, so I think we’ll continue to see more of that across all cards as a new source of revenue for them.

9to5Mac readers can save 30%  off the normal price of CardPointers and get a $100 Savings Card as a signup bonus.

As always, credit cards are only a wide financial tool if you pay them off every month. Once you start carrying a balance and paying interest, the credit card company is making money off you. The rewards you receive will never outweigh the interest charges.

Personally, I find the Apple Card to be a great option to have for select Apple Pay purchases and my Apple purchases. My daily drivers, however, continue to be the American Express Gold Card and Blue Business Plus .

What are your thoughts on Apple Card? Are you an Apple Card user already or are you considering applying? Let us know down in the comments.

FTC: We use income earning auto affiliate links. More.

Check out 9to5Mac on YouTube for more Apple news:

A new kind of credit card. Created by Apple, no…

Chance is an editor for the entire 9to5 network and covers the latest Apple news for 9to5Mac.

Tips, questions, typos to [email protected]

John Rutledge anchors Longhorns to 400 relay victory with late sprint at Texas Relays

If the Texas Relays are a good indicator, the Texas Longhorns have a budding star in sophomore sprinter John Rutledge.

The 400-meter relay became Rutledge's platform to showcase his talent and win points with head track and field coach Edrick Floréal. With his team trailing when he was handed the baton for the anchor leg, Rutledge blazed around the final corner and bolted to the finish line with the roar of a pro-UT crowd pushing him forward.

Rutledge thrust his arms into the air after the scoreboard revealed that Texas had won the race with a time of 39.22 seconds. Texas Tech was a close second at 39.27.

The 400-meter was among the most memorable races during an afternoon session that witnessed multiple stadium and Texas Relays records for high school and college athletes Saturday. Among the local winners was the boys 1,600-relay team from Round Rock High.

"I love catching people from behind," the Dallas Highland Park graduate said. "I like to challenge myself."

Rutledge joined teammates Almond Small, Milton Sheldin and Marcellus Moore for the gold medal presentation.

Among the interested spectators was Floréal, who recently moved Rutledge to short sprints.

"I'm setting (Rutledge) up to be a star," the UT coach said. "When you want someone to get to the next level, you force him into pressure situations like this one to see how he'll respond. He could have taken it and totally choked it up. To see him embrace it, that's a new notch."

As for Round Rock, the relay team of Jeremy Evans, Zach Evans, Jonathan Ferrell and Mason Page rallied for victory in the 1,600 relay. Their time of 3:15.15 edged runner-up Long Beach Wilson, which finished at 3:15.42.

Around the Texas Relays

Records are toppled: The high school field, expanded to include powerhouse teams from California, Florida and Washington, D.C., created an exhibition of speed and endurance. During one stretch, three meet records were broken in a one-hour span.

American Heritage High of Plantation, Fla., set a Texas Relays record in the boys 800-meter relay (Division II), beating runner-up Scotlandville High of Baton Rouge, La., by nearly three seconds. The team of Braden Parris, Braylen Bennett, Brandon Bennett and Xavier Lucas won the race in 1:23.76.

The girls of Lewisville Flower Mound set a meet record in the 3,200-meter relay. The team of Nicole Humphries, Samantha Humphries, Adeline Bennett and Alexandra Fox torched the course in 8:46.30, roughly 35 seconds ahead of runner-up Lake Creek.

Moments later, Long Beach Wilson set a Myers Stadium record with a blazing performance in the 3,200-meter relay. The team of Jordan Kicherlow, Cash Obando, Wyland Obando and JT Kreamer crossed the line at 7:41.02.

Archbishop Carroll of Washington set a Texas Relays record in the 400-meter relay (Division I). The team of Dezmone Starks, Jake Odey-Jordan, Chase DeJesus and Damill Bostic won the race in 40.73 seconds, edging Seguin, which finished at 41.48.

Duncanville set a Myers Stadium record in the girls 400-meter relay (Division II). The team of Ayson Theus, DaKorien Moore, Brayden Williams and Caden Durham won the race in 39.73 seconds.

A star among stars: The meet's top star? A case could be made for sprinter Gabby Thomas, who represented New Balance. She won the 100- and 200-meter races. The 200-meter time of 22.08 seconds set a stadium record. A Harvard graduate, she resides and trains in Austin. Thomas was later pursuing a master's degree in epidemiology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston at its Austin campus.