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The 5 Best Doctor of Physics (Ph.D. Physics) Degree Programs: Salary and Info

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The study of Physics is responsible for the theories and discoveries that have led to the exploration and development of microwave appliances, transistor radios, computers, and communications systems. Physicists study how forms of energy and matter interact as well as study the origin of the universe.

Moreover, they perform experiments and design equipment using lasers, electron microscopes, and particle accelerators. They explore the fundamental properties and principles that govern matter, space, time, and energy. Indeed, being a physicist leads you to the vast beauty and mysteries of the universe.

If you are interested in furthering your education with a Ph.D. in Physics, it can be quite challenging because most courses require on-campus laboratory activities or exercises. There are quite a few educational institutions that offer a hybrid learning format for students who are interested in enrolling in a Ph.D. Physics degree program.

Also, some schools or universities allow students to take up the set of coursework through online learning at their convenience and flexibility. However, their on-campus presence is required, especially when they need to complete activities.

What schools offer a Doctor of Philosophy in Physics degree?

The following schools offer a Ph.D. in Physics degree program with the opportunity to take online courses at the discretion of the university while taking up on-campus laboratory activities: Ohio University in Athen, Ohio, Michigan Technological University in Houghton, Michigan, University of Colorado-Colorado Springs , University of California-Berkeley, and Clark University .

Are you inspired by the works and discoveries of Albert Einstein? Ever wondered if Stephen Hawking’s multiverse theories are true? Never give up on your dreams to earn a Ph.D. in Physics, and who knows it’ll be the road to mankind’s amazing new discoveries.

Best Doctor of Physics

Ohio university.

Program Standouts:

The Department of Physics & Astronomy at Ohio University offers a top Doctor of Philosophy degree program. The program combines coursework with the completion of a scholarly piece of research that is original in content and presented as a dissertation. Research activities in the Department include:

• astrophysics,
• condensed matter and surface sciences,
• nuclear and particle physics
• and biophysics.

Campus Location: Athens, Ohio

Accreditation: Higher Learning Commission

Admission Requirements:

• Bachelor’s Degree in a related field
• Minimum 3.0 GPA
• Recommended coursework
• Transcripts
• Letters of Recommendation
• Resume or CV
• Statement of Purpose

Course Sample:

• Thermal Physics
• Electricity and Magnetism 2
• Mathematical Methods in Physics
• Electronic Device Physics

Degree Outcomes: Graduates in Physics are prepared to teach at a university or college level as well as pursue a career in industry or government.

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE PHD IN PHYSICS FROM OHIO UNIVERSITY

Michigan technological university.

The Department of Physics at Michigan Technological University is looking for “highly motivated, inquisitive students with undergraduate majors in physics, materials science, mathematics, or engineering, who possess a strong interest in research.”

Students in the Ph.D. program in Physics prepare for a career in research and development, industry, or academia. With state-of-the-art lab facilities and many opportunities for original research, Michigan Technological University is a dream university for those who love the subject of Physics.

Campus Location: Houghton, Michigan

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• Classical Mechanics
• Electrodynamics I
• Mathematical Physics

Degree Outcomes: Graduates with an advanced degree in physics from Michigan Technological University work in academia, industry, and government laboratories.

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE PHD IN PHYSICS FROM MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

University of colorado – colorado springs.

The University of Colorado – Colorado Springs offers one of the top Physics PhD programs in the country. Graduate students in the PhD program are involved in active research and have ample opportunity for study which puts them at the forefront of physics

Campus Location: Colorado Springs, Colorado

• Bachelor’s degree in biological sciences, mathematics, physics or equivalents
• Undergraduate GPA of at least 3.00
• Transcript of all previous graduate and undergraduate work
• 3 letters of recommendation
• Goal statement
• Interests that fit with the department’s research directions
• Theoretical Mechanics
• Quantum Mechanics
• Nonlinear Physics
• Modern Optics

Degree Outcomes: Students who graduate from the Ph.D. program in Physics at the University of Colorado – Colorado Springs will be equipped to work as:

• Physicists,
• Physics Teachers,
• or in other related careers at the very top of their field.

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE PHD IN PHYSICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO – COLORADO SPRINGS

University of california berkeley.

The Ph.D. program in Physics at the University of California Berkeley is unquestionably one of the best in the nation. Currently ranked by ‘U.S. News and World Report’ as #3 in the nation, UC Berkeley’s Physics program is one of the very best Physics programs in the world.

Campus Location: Berkeley, California

Accreditation: Western Association Schools and Colleges Commission on Colleges

• Evidence of English Language Proficiency
• Other Doctoral Degree Requirements
• Classical Electromagnetism
• Equilibrium Statistical Physics

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE PHD IN PHYSICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY

Clark university.

The Ph.D. program in Physics at Clark University is experimental and theoretical in design. Emphasized in the program are condensed matter physics, biophysics, and active learning – with research starting in the first semester of the program.

The small size of the program at Clark, along with the access that students have to equipment is unique and builds an independent and collaborative work/study environment.

Campus Location: Worcester, Massachusetts

Accreditation: New England Commission of Higher Education

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Areas of study include:

• Active matter
• Soft matter
• Soft robots
• Physics of thin structures
• Organic superconductivity
• Novel magnetic materials

Degree Outcomes: Doctoral alumni from Clark University are “well-prepared to obtain fulfilling positions in:

• government,
• research, and more.

LEARN MORE ABOUT THE PHD IN PHYSICS FROM CLARK UNIVERSITY

What does a physicist do.

Physicists are scientists who study and experiment with motion and gravity, the properties of gases, the structure of matter, different types of energy, and the relationship between energy and matter. They study the fundamental forces and laws of the universe.

Other physicists apply their learning of physics to several forms of matter, such as electrical equipment, missiles, laser beams, medicine, computer development, and many other things related to physics.

Physics is a very broad study of science. With this being said, many physicists specialize in a specific branch, such as a nuclear physicist who mainly studies the nature and structure of atomic nuclei and their interaction with space and matter. Their work has paved the way for the discovery of active components that help the medical field in the diagnosis and treatment of several illnesses.

Astrophysicists deal with the study of the universe, while medical physicists work in healthcare and use their knowledge to develop new medical equipment, technologies, and radiation-based treatments for patients.

Additionally, atomic or optical physicists study the nature and structure of atoms, electrons, molecules, and light that will eventually lead them to the discovery of new materials or technology.

Also, they create scientific theories and methodologies that explain the force of gravity, the formation of sub-atomic particles, and many other principles governing the natural world.

They conduct several scientific experiments and studies to discover the properties of energy and matter and other scientific theoretical discoveries. Physicists write scientific papers that will be published in journals. Also, they present research work at lectures and scientific conferences.

What sort of accreditation should I look for in a school?

The last thing you would want to happen is to waste time and money on a degree that future employers won’t take seriously. With this in mind, you should make sure that your chosen school or university has proper accreditation before you enroll.

Accreditation indicates that your chosen school or university is maintaining a reputable standard as well as continuing to improve and make advancements within its field.

While you don’t necessarily need a program-specific accreditation to earn your physics degree, there are program-specific recognitions if you are hoping to use your Ph.D. Physics degree to become a licensed Professional Engineer.

The Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, commonly known as ABET, is a non-governmental accrediting agency for programs in applied and natural science, engineering technology, computing, and engineering.

Therefore, choosing an ABET-accredited educational institution is your first choice if you have plans to become a licensed Professional Engineer. It will be an essential credential as you seek employment in a competitive job market.

Lastly, make sure that your Ph.D. in Physics degree program is offered by an institution that is regionally accredited by accrediting agencies, such as:

• The Higher Learning Commission,
• Western Association of Schools and Colleges,
• New England Association of Schools and Colleges,
• Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges,
• Middle States Commission on Higher Education,
• and Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.

What type of degree do I need to pursue research or educate others in physics?

Physicists need a Ph.D. for professional careers in academia and research. Thus, a doctorate-level degree in Physics would qualify to teach in most accredited schools or universities.

Typically, a Ph.D. in Physics degree program requires four to seven years of study. It is the most highly reputable degree in the Physics field. Moreover, those who pursue research work for the university or school have a Ph.D. in Physics. These researchers write scientific papers and research work or dissertations and publish their work as a contribution to the academic field.

What kind of career and salary can I expect from my Ph.D. in Physics?

A Ph.D. in Physics degree program can be the key to several rewarding professional career pathways in physical and social sciences. The four main areas in which Ph.D. in Physics graduates can find employment are:

• colleges and universities,
• and laboratories.

There are numerous careers related to the Physics world such as:

• geoscientists,
• biochemists and biophysicists,
• mathematicians and statisticians,
• materials engineer,
• computer and information research scientists,
• nuclear engineers,
• and teachers.

Those with Ph.D. in Physics tend to compete for permanent research positions since the marketplace for the Physics field is usually strong. Despite the competition, they can apply in applied research, development, and other related technical areas.

The median wage for physicists is $139,220 per year. $63,390 is the lowest earning for a physicist, while $181,5100 is the highest earnings per year.

The top industries for physicists include ambulatory healthcare services ($212,880), scientific research and development ($167,590), the federal government ($129,240), and educational institutions ($87,620).

Most physicists work full-time in well-lighted laboratories and classrooms, while others work outdoors. Besides, some work in hospitals or factories, as well as some of them are in academia, where they teach in the classroom while preparing lesson plans, conducting research and writing for the remainder of their workweek.

How long does it take to earn a Doctorate in Physics?

The amount of time required to earn a doctorate in physics varies depending on the program and the student’s background. Generally, it can take anywhere from 4-7 years to complete a doctorate in physics.

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PhD in Physics, Statistics, and Data Science

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Many PhD students in the MIT Physics Department incorporate probability, statistics, computation, and data analysis into their research. These techniques are becoming increasingly important for both experimental and theoretical Physics research, with ever-growing datasets, more sophisticated physics simulations, and the development of cutting-edge machine learning tools. The Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in Statistics (IDPS)  is designed to provide students with the highest level of competency in 21st century statistics, enabling doctoral students across MIT to better integrate computation and data analysis into their PhD thesis research.

Admission to this program is restricted to students currently enrolled in the Physics doctoral program or another participating MIT doctoral program. In addition to satisfying all of the requirements of the Physics PhD, students take one subject each in probability, statistics, computation and statistics, and data analysis, as well as the Doctoral Seminar in Statistics, and they write a dissertation in Physics utilizing statistical methods. Graduates of the program will receive their doctoral degree in the field of “Physics, Statistics, and Data Science.”

Doctoral students in Physics may submit an Interdisciplinary PhD in Statistics Form between the end of their second semester and penultimate semester in their Physics program. The application must include an endorsement from the student’s advisor, an up-to-date CV, current transcript, and a 1-2 page statement of interest in Statistics and Data Science.

The statement of interest can be based on the student’s thesis proposal for the Physics Department, but it must demonstrate that statistical methods will be used in a substantial way in the proposed research. In their statement, applicants are encouraged to explain how specific statistical techniques would be applied in their research. Applicants should further highlight ways that their proposed research might advance the use of statistics and data science, both in their physics subfield and potentially in other disciplines. If the work is part of a larger collaborative effort, the applicant should focus on their personal contributions.

For access to the selection form or for further information, please contact the IDSS Academic Office at  [email protected] .

Required Courses

Courses in this list that satisfy the Physics PhD degree requirements can count for both programs. Other similar or more advanced courses can count towards the “Computation & Statistics” and “Data Analysis” requirements, with permission from the program co-chairs. The IDS.190 requirement may be satisfied instead by IDS.955 Practical Experience in Data, Systems, and Society, if that experience exposes the student to a diverse set of topics in statistics and data science. Making this substitution requires permission from the program co-chairs prior to doing the practical experience.

• IDS.190 – Doctoral Seminar in Statistics and Data Science ( may be substituted by IDS.955 Practical Experience in Data, Systems and Society )
• 6.7700[J] Fundamentals of Probability or
• 18.675 – Theory of Probability
• 18.655 – Mathematical Statistics or
• 18.6501 – Fundamentals of Statistics or
• IDS.160[J] – Mathematical Statistics: A Non-Asymptotic Approach
• 6.C01/6.C51 – Modeling with Machine Learning: From Algorithms to Applications or
• 6.7810 Algorithms for Inference or
• 6.8610 (6.864) Advanced Natural Language Processing or
• 6.7900 (6.867) Machine Learning or
• 6.8710 (6.874) Computational Systems Biology: Deep Learning in the Life Sciences or
• 9.520[J] – Statistical Learning Theory and Applications or
• 16.940 – Numerical Methods for Stochastic Modeling and Inference or
• 18.337 – Numerical Computing and Interactive Software
• 8.316 – Data Science in Physics or
• 6.8300 (6.869) Advances in Computer Vision or
• 8.334 – Statistical Mechanics II or
• 8.371[J] – Quantum Information Science or
• 8.591[J] – Systems Biology or
• 8.592[J] – Statistical Physics in Biology or
• 8.942 – Cosmology or
• 9.583 – Functional MRI: Data Acquisition and Analysis or
• 16.456[J] – Biomedical Signal and Image Processing or
• 18.367 – Waves and Imaging or
• IDS.131[J] – Statistics, Computation, and Applications

Grade Policy

C, D, F, and O grades are unacceptable. Students should not earn more B grades than A grades, reflected by a PhysSDS GPA of ≥ 4.5. Students may be required to retake subjects graded B or lower, although generally one B grade will be tolerated.

Unless approved by the PhysSDS co-chairs, a minimum grade of B+ is required in all 12 unit courses, except IDS.190 (3 units) which requires a P grade.

Though not required, it is strongly encouraged for a member of the MIT  Statistics and Data Science Center (SDSC)  to serve on a student’s doctoral committee. This could be an SDSC member from the Physics department or from another field relevant to the proposed thesis research.

Thesis Proposal

All students must submit a thesis proposal using the standard Physics format. Dissertation research must involve the utilization of statistical methods in a substantial way.

PhysSDS Committee

• Jesse Thaler (co-chair)
• Mike Williams (co-chair)
• Isaac Chuang
• Janet Conrad
• William Detmold
• Philip Harris
• Jacqueline Hewitt
• Kiyoshi Masui
• Leonid Mirny
• Christoph Paus
• Phiala Shanahan
• Marin Soljačić
• Washington Taylor
• Max Tegmark

Can I satisfy the requirements with courses taken at Harvard?

Harvard CompSci 181 will count as the equivalent of MIT’s 6.867.  For the status of other courses, please contact the program co-chairs.

Can a course count both for the Physics degree requirements and the PhysSDS requirements?

Yes, this is possible, as long as the courses are already on the approved list of requirements. E.g. 8.592 can count as a breadth requirement for a NUPAX student as well as a Data Analysis requirement for the PhysSDS degree.

If I have previous experience in Probability and/or Statistics, can I test out of these requirements?

These courses are required by all of the IDPS degrees. They are meant to ensure that all students obtaining an IDPS degree share the same solid grounding in these fundamentals, and to help build a community of IDPS students across the various disciplines. Only in exceptional cases might it be possible to substitute more advanced courses in these areas.

Can I substitute a similar or more advanced course for the PhysSDS requirements?

Yes, this is possible for the “computation and statistics” and “data analysis” requirements, with permission of program co-chairs. Substitutions for the “probability” and “statistics” requirements will only be granted in exceptional cases.

For Spring 2021, the following course has been approved as a substitution for the “computation and statistics” requirement:   18.408 (Theoretical Foundations for Deep Learning) .

The following course has been approved as a substitution for the “data analysis” requirement:   6.481 (Introduction to Statistical Data Analysis) .

Can I apply for the PhysSDS degree in my last semester at MIT?

No, you must apply no later than your penultimate semester.

What does it mean to use statistical methods in a “substantial way” in one’s thesis?

The ideal case is that one’s thesis advances statistics research independent of the Physics applications. Advancing the use of statistical methods in one’s subfield of Physics would also qualify. Applying well-established statistical methods in one’s thesis could qualify, if the application is central to the Physics result. In all cases, we expect the student to demonstrate mastery of statistics and data science.

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Graduate studies, commencement 2019.

The Harvard Department of Physics offers students innovative educational and research opportunities with renowned faculty in state-of-the-art facilities, exploring fundamental problems involving physics at all scales. Our primary areas of experimental and theoretical research are atomic and molecular physics, astrophysics and cosmology, biophysics, chemical physics, computational physics, condensed-matter physics, materials science, mathematical physics, particle physics, quantum optics, quantum field theory, quantum information, string theory, and relativity.

Our talented and hardworking students participate in exciting discoveries and cutting-edge inventions such as the ATLAS experiment, which discovered the Higgs boson; building the first 51-cubit quantum computer; measuring entanglement entropy; discovering new phases of matter; and peering into the ‘soft hair’ of black holes.

Our students come from all over the world and from varied educational backgrounds. We are committed to fostering an inclusive environment and attracting the widest possible range of talents.

We have a flexible and highly responsive advising structure for our PhD students that shepherds them through every stage of their education, providing assistance and counseling along the way, helping resolve problems and academic impasses, and making sure that everyone has the most enriching experience possible.The graduate advising team also sponsors alumni talks, panels, and advice sessions to help students along their academic and career paths in physics and beyond, such as “Getting Started in Research,” “Applying to Fellowships,” “Preparing for Qualifying Exams,” “Securing a Post-Doc Position,” and other career events (both academic and industry-related).

We offer many resources, services, and on-site facilities to the physics community, including our electronic instrument design lab and our fabrication machine shop. Our historic Jefferson Laboratory, the first physics laboratory of its kind in the nation and the heart of the physics department, has been redesigned and renovated to facilitate study and collaboration among our students.

Members of the Harvard Physics community participate in initiatives that bring together scientists from institutions across the world and from different fields of inquiry. For example, the Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms unites a community of scientists from both institutions to pursue research in the new fields opened up by the creation of ultracold atoms and quantum gases. The Center for Integrated Quantum Materials , a collaboration between Harvard University, Howard University, MIT, and the Museum of Science, Boston, is dedicated to the study of extraordinary new quantum materials that hold promise for transforming signal processing and computation. The Harvard Materials Science and Engineering Center is home to an interdisciplinary group of physicists, chemists, and researchers from the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences working on fundamental questions in materials science and applications such as soft robotics and 3D printing.  The Black Hole Initiative , the first center worldwide to focus on the study of black holes, is an interdisciplinary collaboration between principal investigators from the fields of astronomy, physics, mathematics, and philosophy. The quantitative biology initiative https://quantbio.harvard.edu/  aims to bring together physicists, biologists, engineers, and applied mathematicians to understand life itself. And, most recently, the new program in  Quantum Science and Engineering (QSE) , which lies at the interface of physics, chemistry, and engineering, will admit its first cohort of PhD students in Fall 2022.

We support and encourage interdisciplinary research and simultaneous applications to two departments is permissible. Prospective students may thus wish to apply to the following departments and programs in addition to Physics:

• Department of Astronomy
• Department of Chemistry
• Department of Mathematics
• John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS)
• Biophysics Program
• Molecules, Cells and Organisms Program (MCO)

If you are a prospective graduate student and have questions for us, or if you’re interested in visiting our department, please contact  [email protected] .

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Online PhD Physics

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Physics is a branch of science that explores the relationship between matter and energy. It is a scientific study of the interactions between forces, motion, matter, and energy. It is relevant to many other sciences such as geology, astronomy, and biology. Individuals interested in physics research and its various aspects should consider pursuing an online PhD Physics. A PhD in Physics Online will prepare them to teach in higher education, conduct research, and work in leadership roles at every level of a scientific organization. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), physicist and astronomer jobs are projected to grow 8% from 2020 to 2030 . This guide analyses various factors of a doctorate in physics, including curriculum, specializations, certifications, accreditation, and more.

Best PhD in Physics including Online Programs

PhD programs in physics are offered in various universities across the country. Choosing the right program that meets the student’s interests and requirements is crucial. When selecting the best PhD in physics program, prospective students should consider several factors such as the experience of the faculty, ranking & reputation of the institution, research opportunities, support facilities, student services, the institution’s infrastructure, and so on. Based on these and other factors, here is a list of the best PhD physics programs in the United States: *

University of California, Berkeley (On Campus)

University of washington (on campus), yale university (on campus), worcester polytechnic institute (on campus), clark university (on campus), michigan technological university (on campus), ohio university (on campus), university of utah (on campus), oklahoma state university (on-campus), university of colorado (on campus).

Universities and programs are ranked by various factors, such as affordability, curriculum and coursework, reputation and availability, program length, statistics, the potential of employment, and return on investment for the students. For a more in-depth analysis, please read about our rankings methodology page . 

What to Expect from Online PhD Physics Programs

A doctorate program in physics is usually offered in offline and hybrid modes. In the hybrid model, students will have offline and online classes. They must complete a minimum of 66 to 90 coursework and dissertation credit hours. That said, each university has its own set of specific requirements of credits and coursework that the student is expected to complete.

The online PhD physics program combines research, coursework, and dissertation presentation, after which students must also orally defend their dissertation. Students will have to choose a supervisor who agrees to supervise them and guide them during their research journey. During their online PhD physics programs, they will have to maintain a GPA of 3.0 and more. They will also have to complete their core courses and electives to fulfill the PhD in physics online program requirements. Some of the core courses one can expect in the physics PhD program are:

Electromagnetic Theory

Electromagnetic theory covers various topics like electromagnetic waves, classical electrodynamics, boundary value problems of electromagnetic theory, electrostatics, magnetostatics, the theory of Fresnel and Fraunhofer, and radiation theory.

Statistical Mechanics

Statistical Mechanics teaches about thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. It also covers probability theory, hydrodynamic theory, the relationship between the density of states and entropy, and the Ginzburg Landau Theory.

Quantum Mechanics

Quantum mechanics reviews the various topics within quantum mechanics, including the general theory of angular movement, hydrogen atom, electron spin, quantum theory of scattering, stationary & time-dependent perturbation theory, the Dirac equation, and interaction of light & matter. It also teaches about wave description of particles, wave mechanics, symmetry transformation, time evolution, and symmetry states.

Mathematical Physics

This course covers various topics in mathematical physics such as vector spaces, integral transform, boundary value & initial value problem, Fourier series & generalized functions, and green function theory & applications.

Classical Mechanics

This course covers various topics within classical mechanics like rigid body kinematics and dynamics, Lagrangian formulation & the action principle, Hamiltonian formulation, relativistic mechanics, and more.

Some examples of research areas and specialties in PhD physics programs include but are not limited to:

• Theoretical Particle Physics
• Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
• Biological Physics
• Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics
• Computational Physics
• Experimental Condensed Matter Physics
• Experimental Particle Physics
• Statistical Physics
• Energy Physics

As for the basic structure of the PhD physics program, one can expect the following (varies by college and program):

(a) Coursework

The course selection for doctoral students is broad. Students can usually choose their course plans from one branch of physics to fit their needs and professional objectives.

(b) Teaching

Although not always a requirement, at some colleges, teaching experience is strongly recommended for students who are not Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTAs) but want to become professors.

(c) Residency

In some cases, unless they have an assistantship, students must complete certain prescribed credit hours of graduate-level coursework during which residency is required.

(d) Comprehensive Exams

Students must take comprehensive examinations when they have completed all coursework.

(e) Dissertation

The PhD candidate will collaborate with their advisor to choose a topic that will advance the field after passing the comprehensive exam. They will have to piece together a dissertation during and after conducting adequate research on the chosen topic.

(f) Field Experience

Doctoral students are encouraged to participate in independent study research courses to combine and relate classroom theory with field activities. They can engage with scientific communities through research and collate data from various sources for this purpose.

Read the Guide to PhD Programs to understand more.

Areas of Specializations in PhD in Physics Programs

Specialization helps gain expertise in a specific topic or a subject. It enables the individual to focus on a particular area and become an expert. By pursuing a PhD in a specialized area in physics, students will gain an opportunity to increase their specific knowledge and skills, enhancing their career prospects and earning potential. Here are some specializations available for the doctorate program in physics:

Why should I get into Online PhD Physics Programs?

Students who want to gain a professional background in physics and become academic leaders and independent researchers in the field should pursue their PhD in physics online. But how hard is it to get a PhD in physics? Earning a PhD in physics requires a lot of dedication and hard work, and it also depends on the interests of the individual. If the person has a background in research and has a strong interest in pursuing physics as their career, they will be able to fulfill their coursework requirements and their dissertation.

Students can choose their research area according to their interests and career objectives. Not only will this provide them with the knowledge and expertise required for many senior and responsible roles in teaching and industry, but it will also bring them prestige, add value to their resumé, and lead to better employability and higher salaries. Some of the crucial skills gained from physics PhD programs are the ability to:

• support learning  through collaborative inquiry, teaching, demonstration, or mentoring;
• easily acquire advanced research skills and techniques;
• identify crucial scientific problems and use analytical, computational, and modern experimental approaches to solve them;
• apply the structures of physics laws to various applications;
• effectively communicate scientific topics both in writing and orally to specialists in the research’s subfield;
• demonstrate independent creativity and thinking;
• apply computational and mathematical techniques to solve diverse and complex problems;
• use qualitative and quantitative reasoning to solve physics problems;
• demonstrate fluency in the chosen subfield in physics;
• execute and develop original research plans;
• maintain and understand the ethical standards in the field; and
• create and synthesize knowledge by making a substantial and original contribution to the area of physics.

Free Courses for PhD in Physics Students

Free courses help in gaining additional knowledge about the subject. They can be helpful while completing coursework or conducting research as well. However, it is essential to note that none of the free courses are accredited and do not lead to a PhD degree. Here are a few free courses related to physics that online PhD physics students can use:

How to enroll into the PhD in Physics Online Programs?

Each institution and program have its specific requirements the student must meet before they submit their PhD application. One of the most common requirements is that students are required to complete their undergraduate coursework before they enter the PhD program. Apart from this, there are other specific admission requirements that the applicant must fulfill. Some of these physics PhD requirements are:

Online Application & Application Fee

Completing an online application and paying the prescribed application fee.

Official Academic Transcripts

An official copy of academic transcripts from each college/university attended.

Undergraduate/Graduate Degree + Grade Point Average

An undergraduate and/or graduate degree from an accredited university and Grade Point Average (GPA) of 3.0 or more.

Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) Scores

An official copy of GRE scores no older than 5 years.

Graduate Résumé or Curriculum Vitae

The latest résumé or CV that provides personal information and work experience.

Personal Statement or Statement of purpose

A statement outlining how the program relates to the applicant’s career goals.

Letters of Recommendation

At least 3 letters of recommendation from those who can provide a thorough evaluation of the applicant’s abilities at the graduate level (preferably from the Physics department too).

Research Proposal

A proposal of one’s potential research topic along with a summary.

Online PhD Physics No GRE Programs

The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a mandatory exam for applicants before applying to graduate school. Most universities require general scores and subject scores of the GRE for admission. Nevertheless, some universities waive this requirement under certain circumstances, such as the following ones that offer PhD in physics no GRE programs:

Carnegie Mellon University

Carnegie Mellon University offers a PhD in physics for which the GRE score is recommended but not required.

Cornell University

The requirement of GRE scores for the PhD physics program at Cornell University is optional (and recommended) but not mandatory.

Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences – Northwestern University

The department of Physics and Astronomy at the Weinberg College of Arts and Science does require GRE scores for admission into their programs.

How Long does it take to complete the Online PhD Physics Programs

“How many years for a PhD in physics?” is a question often asked by candidates preparing their application for the PhD program. A physics PhD program can typically take about 4 to 6 years. However, in some instances, they complete the program sooner if they have finished the required coursework in physics in their undergraduate degree. For example, a student can graduate in 3 or 4 years if the student enters the PhD program after a master’s in physics or after transferring from another institution after completing one or more years of the PhD program in physics. It is noteworthy that the physics PhD degree is offered in both full-time and part-time formats. Students who opt for the full-time program will complete their degree sooner than those who pursue it part-time.

Accelerated Online PhD Physics Programs

An accelerated degree helps students complete their program in a shorter time. Several accelerated programs are available for bachelor’s and master’s degrees, but few are available for physics PhD programs. The only way to graduate from the program faster is for students to complete their coursework and thesis sooner or transition from a bachelor’s program directly to a PhD program – like the Northeastern University – College of Science , where during the final year of their BS degree, students can apply to the physics PhD program.

Accreditations for Online PhD Physics Programs

The external recognition of an educational institution to hold a certain status or to set standards to perform an activity is known as accreditation. The accreditation of an educational institution is assessed by non-governmental, private agencies that have been mainly created to review programs and educational institutions. Accreditation assures the institution’s overall quality, which helps students make an informed decision while choosing a program. When deciding on the program and the institution, students should ensure they select from accredited PhD colleges for physics. The accreditation status is usually provided by 6 regional agencies recognized by the U.S. Department of Education ( USDE ) and/or the Council for Higher Education Accreditation ( CHEA ), which are:

• New England Association of Schools and Colleges ( NEASC )
• Middle States Commission on Higher Education ( MSCHE )
• Higher Learning Commission ( HLC )
• Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges ( SACSCOC )
• Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities ( NWCCU )
• Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC) Senior College and University Commission ( WSCUC )

The Guide to College Accreditation has fuller information on college accreditation.

How to Pay for Online PhD Physics Programs?

An important factor to remember when applying to a PhD program is the tuition fee. The cost of a doctorate in physics program varies by institution and program but can run into tens of thousands of dollars. To ease a possible financial burden, students can consider a few funding mechanisms for paying for their doctorate programs, including:

Scholarships

Scholarships are a popular source of funding among students. They are given out based on one’s academic performance or awarded based on other criteria such as financial need, the field of study, and so on. Scholarships are provided by public or private organizations, educational institutions, government, and individuals.

Unlike Scholarships, grants are not provided mainly based on the student’s academic performance. Instead, they usually focus on specific research areas, target groups, education, etc. They are also available to students who can demonstrate financial need.

Fellowships

Predoctoral Fellowships, also known as PhD Fellowships, are grants awarded to doctoral candidates. PhD fellowship recipients must typically complete a future assignment or spend the funds on a specific purpose in exchange for the money. Numerous awards and fellowships are available to retain or attract the best students.

Work-Study Programs

Work-study programs, which provide part-time employment, assist students in covering school tuition and fees. Many of these jobs are related to the student’s academic program or are volunteer opportunities. Students can also gain practical experience through work-study programs.

Graduate Assistantships

Another source of funding among doctorate students is the graduate assistantship. Students can take up graduate assistant employment on campus and work in their field. They work as assistants to their professors and are provided a stipend in exchange. Some students also work as research assistants by helping their professors with their research.

Student Loans

A student loan is another option for funding PhD programs for students. Several banks, financial institutions, and the federal government offer educational loans. However, borrowing money will increase the overall cost of education because loans come with interest. Understand how one can apply for loan forgiveness to avoid repaying student loans by reading about Donors for Student Loans and Grants for Student Loans .

Students who wish to determine their eligibility for financial aid can do so by filling out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid or the FAFSA form.

Read about Financial Aid and find out everything there is to know about college funding in the How to Pay for College guide.

Fully Funded PhD in Physics Programs

PhD aspirants can apply to a fully funded PhD physics program. These fully funded PhD programs provide stipends that cover living, research and travel expenses, and health insurance. It is worth noting that each program has different criteria for funding, which students much check with the college before applying. Some examples of fully funded physics PhD programs are:

FAQs Related to the Online PhD Physics Programs

How hard is it to get a phd in physics.

Considering the combination of a research project, dissertation, and coursework, a PhD in physics can be hard to earn. But if the candidate has a strong interest in physics and research, can manage their time well, and is determined to pursue the program professionally, they can complete their PhD with relative ease.

How long does it take to get a physics PhD?

Typically, it takes around 4 to 6 years to complete a PhD in physics. However, students can complete their PhDs sooner depending on their research topic and how fast they finish their coursework and fulfill the program’s requirements.

How to get a PhD in Physics?

For entry into the physics PhD degree, prospective candidates must have completed an undergraduate degree in physics or finished the required physics coursework. Once they complete their coursework and dissertation requirements through their PhD programs, they are conferred a PhD degree.

Is a physics PhD program worth it?

A PhD in physics can be challenging and might take a lot of effort due to the research workload. But it is worth it for students who want to pursue their career in physics and are interested in research. A PhD in physics will help one become an expert in research and develop an understanding of techniques that apply to physics research. With a PhD in physics, graduates can work in a wide range of settings in senior and responsible roles and earn high salaries.

What concentrations are there in a physics PhD?

Physics is a broad subject with different sub-topics under it. Hence, there are various concentrations in the physics PhD degree. Some of them are PhD in theoretical physics, engineering physics PhD, biophysics, applied physics, medical physics, chemical physics, experimental physics, and more. Students can choose their PhD programs based on their research and career interests.

Where to do a PhD in physics?

Students who wish to pursue their doctoral studies in physics can do so from an institution that is nationally or regionally accredited. They should also consider the research experience of the faculty, funding opportunities, quality of the institution, coursework, curriculum of the program, etc. Some of the best institutions for a PhD physics are listed on this page.

What can you do with a PhD in physics?

After earning a PhD in physics, graduates can work in diverse areas, including academics and research. Physics PhD graduates can choose from potential careers such as natural science managers, biophysicists, research scientists, computational scientists, and more.

Career Opportunities and Salaries after Online PhD Physics Programs

A physics PhD will increase the individual’s salary and enhance job prospects. After completing the online PhD in physics, graduates can work in diverse areas and various job positions in physics, in senior and responsible roles, including in research and teaching positions in industry and academia. They can also work in other sectors such as healthcare, technical sales, finance, industrial research, government, and more. From the numerous job titles the online physics PhD graduate can have, some examples are:

• Lab Scientist
• Chief Science Officer
• Computational Physicist
• Research Scientist
• Product Engineer 
• Experimental Physicist
• Radiation Physicists
• Staff Scientist
• Medical Physicist

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the demand for physicists and astronomers is set to rise by 8% between 2020 and 2030 , as fast as the average for all occupations. Listed below are some careers in physics and their statistical data, including estimated job growth, median annual salary, and the skills required. (Note: salaries mentioned are typically for bachelor’s/master’s degree holders; PhD holders are likely to be paid more.)

Certifications and Licensing for PhD in Physics Students

A great approach to broadening one’s knowledge and going deeper into a field is getting certifications related to that field. Even though a PhD is sufficient to work in most physics professions, obtaining certifications that add value to one’s education is always good. Along with increasing one’s job opportunities, certifications also improve earning potential. Physicists can get various certifications to help them gain expertise and sharpen their skills. Some examples include:

American Board of Science in Nuclear Medicine (ABSNM) Certifications

The American Board of Science in Nuclear Medicine (ABSNM) issues certifications to candidates who meet the board’s requirements and pass relevant examinations. These certifications show that the individual has demonstrated and acquired knowledge in one or more specialties in nuclear medicine – (1) Radiopharmaceutical Science, (2) Nuclear Medicine Physics and Instrumentation, (3) Radiation Protection, and (4) Molecular Imaging.

American Board of Radiology (ABR) Initial Certification

The American Board of Radiology (ABR) offers certifications in three specialties – (1) Diagnostic Medical Physics, (2) Therapeutic Medical Physics, and (3) Nuclear Medical Physics. The recognition of successful candidates, maintenance of certification, and initial certification in medical physics are covered by ABR.

American Board of Health Physics (ABHP) Certification

Professional Certification in the field of health physics is granted to candidates who pass an exam by the American Board of Health Physics (ABHP). Certified Health Physicists will be eligible for American Academy of Health Physics ( AAHP ) membership.

Additional Resources for PhD in Physics Students

Interacting with others, attending seminars, reading publications and journals related to physics, and solving and identifying problems with the help of others are some of the ways of staying up to date on the newest advances in physics. It is good to stay relevant and gain additional knowledge in the field as it helps in knowing the upcoming trends and growth in the profession. Here are some valuable resources for online PhD physics students to explore:

American Institute of Physics (AIP)

The American Institute of Physics (AIP) provides resources for its Member Societies to coordinate, leverage, and pool their diverse contributions and expertise, intending to advance physical sciences in the economy, research, enterprise, society, and education. AIP also acts as an independent institute where research in policy, history, and social science advances the discipline of physical sciences.

Physics Instructional Resource Association (PIRA)

The Physics Instructional Resource Association (PIRA) works with support specialists and physics educators to support the advancement of physical education. They develop effective techniques and teaching tools to promote physics education. PIRA supports physics education in high schools, elementary schools, universities, and community colleges.

American Physical Society (APS)

The American Physical Society (APS) is a non-profit membership organization working to diffuse and advance the knowledge of physics through its scientific meetings, outreach, research journal, advocacy, education, and international activities.

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) seeks to defend and promote the integrity of science and its use, as well as strengthen support for technology and science enterprises. It has members in more than 91 countries who aim to increase public engagement with science and technology.

The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM)

The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) supports the medical physics community by focusing on improving the efficacy and safety of radiation oncology and medical imaging procedures through research. AAPM publishes two scholarly journals and sponsors three scientific journals once a year.

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The average tuition (based on degree type for in-state students), average graduation rates, and rankings are based on data from various sources, including the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), and are variable over time. All rankings and statistics are subject to change. The rankings are solely the opinion of Find Best Degrees (FBD) and are based on our  proprietary methodology . They do not represent the views of the institutions or organizations mentioned, nor do they represent any official government census or survey. Furthermore, any views or opinions expressed on this page are of FBD’s researchers and teams. Unless otherwise specified, they do not represent the thoughts and opinions of the individuals, institutions, or organizations mentioned. This page’s content is provided solely for informational purposes, with data drawn from various sources, including IPEDS. FBD and its employees make no guarantees regarding the accuracy or completeness of any information found on this page or by following any link. FBD will not be held liable for any errors or omissions in this material nor any losses, injuries, or damages resulting from the exposure or use of this information. Although the information on this page is/was correct at the time of publication, readers should exercise caution because some or all of the provided information may have changed over time, potentially resulting in inaccuracies. For more information, please read our  Terms of Service . Trademarks and logos are the property of their registered owners.

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Graduate education in physics offers you exciting opportunities extending over a diverse range of subjects and departments. You will work in state-of-the-art facilities with renowned faculty and accomplished postdoctoral fellows. The interdisciplinary nature of the program provides you with the opportunity to select the path that most interests you. You will be guided by a robust academic advising team to ensure your success.

You will have access to Jefferson Laboratory, the oldest physics laboratory in the country, which today includes a wing designed specifically to facilitate the study and collaboration between you and other physics graduate students.

Students in the program are doing research in many areas, including atomic and molecular physics, quantum optics, condensed-matter physics, computational physics, the physics of solids and fluids, biophysics, astrophysics, statistical mechanics, mathematical physics, high-energy particle physics, quantum field theory, string theory, relativity, and many others.

Graduates of the program have secured academic positions at institutions such as MIT, Stanford University, California Institute of Technology, and Harvard University. Others have gone into private industry at leading organizations such as Google, Facebook, and Apple. 

Additional information on the graduate program is available from the Department of Physics , and requirements for the degree are detailed in Policies . 

Areas of Study

Engineering and Physical Biology | Experimental Astrophysics | Experimental Physics | Theoretical Astrophysics | Theoretical Physics | Unspecified

Admissions Requirements

Please review admissions requirements and other information before applying. You can find degree program-specific admissions requirements below and access additional guidance on applying from the Department of Physics .

Academic Background

Applicants should be well versed in undergraduate-level physics and mathematics. Typically, applicants will have devoted approximately half of their undergraduate work to physics and related subjects such as mathematics and chemistry. It is desirable for every applicant to have completed at least one year of introductory quantum mechanics classes. An applicant who has a marked interest in a particular branch of physics should include this information in the application. If possible, applicants should also indicate whether they are inclined toward experimental or theoretical (mathematical) research. This statement of preference will not be treated as a binding commitment to any course of study and research. In the Advanced Coursework section of the online application, prospective students must indicate the six most advanced courses (four in physics and two in mathematics) they completed or will complete at their undergraduate institution.

Standardized Tests

GRE General: Optional GRE Subject Test: Optional

Theses & Dissertations

Theses & Dissertations for Physics

See list of Physics faculty

APPLICATION DEADLINE

Questions about the program.

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Doctor of Philosophy in Applied Physics

Welcome to Cornell University: Any person, any study.

A Flexible, Interdisciplinary Curriculum

The Ph.D. program in the graduate field of Applied Physics is a research-oriented doctoral program tailored to individual interests. The program combines a core physics curriculum with research and study in one of several areas that deal either with the application of physics to a technical discipline or with the interface between physics and another area of science. Students who have majored in physics, in another physical science (for example, chemistry), or in an engineering field are eligible for the program.

The program is designed so that students can evaluate the many different research opportunities available before deciding on an area of specialization. Although most students join the research group of a faculty member in the graduate field of applied physics students may also join a group outside applied physics—a reflection of the tremendous flexibility offered to our graduate students—and begin their thesis research by the end of the first academic year. Most students complete the program under their original faculty supervisor, but if a student should decide to change research groups, the decision is subject only to the agreement of a new thesis supervisor.

Students in applied physics may pursue thesis research in any one of several broad areas, including nanoscience, condensed matter physics and materials science, optical physics, quantum electronics and photonics, biological physics, astrophysics and plasma physics, or atomic, molecular, and chemical physics.

There are 19 faculty members in AEP as well as nearly thirty other faculty members representing ten different departments outside the school which comprise the applied physics field faculty. This large faculty, engaged in many research projects with federal, state, or corporate sponsors, makes it possible for applied physics students to choose thesis research topics from many different areas. While each student becomes an individual investigator responsible for an independent research project, interactive and collaborative research programs and shared research facilities are hallmarks of advanced study at Cornell. The majority of the faculty members in the field participate in one or more of Cornell’s numerous research centers and programs, and most graduate students in applied physics make extensive use of the research facilities maintained by these centers.

Special Committee

Students entering the Applied Physics program begin by taking courses that will meet core requirements. During the first year of study, students choose a major area within applied physics for study and thesis research and a minor area of study that is outside the field of physics or applied physics. Students then choose a special committee of three or four faculty members who will supervise their graduate program and monitor the progress of their thesis research. Ultimately, this faculty committee also approves a student’s thesis. Generally, the chair of the committee is the supervisor of the student’s thesis project, the second member is from the student’s major area of study in applied physics, and the third member represents the minor area of study (as does the optional fourth member). With guidance from this faculty committee, the student plans an individualized course of study that will fulfill the core curriculum and minor subject requirements and will provide the groundwork for full-time thesis research in a particular area of specialization.

• Research Areas

Graduates with doctorates in applied physics pursue careers in academic institutions, corporate and national laboratories, and research institutes. In recent years: 

PhD Program

**updated** graduate student guide coming soon, expected progress of physics graduate student to ph.d..

This document describes the Physics Department's expectations for the progress of a typical graduate student from admission to award of a PhD.  Because students enter the program with different training and backgrounds and because thesis research by its very nature is unpredictable, the time-frame for individual students will vary. Nevertheless, failure to meet the goals set forth here without appropriate justification may indicate that the student is not making adequate progress towards the PhD, and will therefore prompt consideration by the Department and possibly by Graduate Division of the student’s progress, which might lead to probation and later dismissal.

Course Work

Graduate students are required to take a minimum of 38 units of approved upper division or graduate elective courses (excluding any upper division courses required for the undergraduate major).  The department requires that students take the following courses which total 19 units: Physics 209 (Classical Electromagnetism), Physics 211 (Equilibrium Statistical Physics) and Physics 221A-221B (Quantum Mechanics). Thus, the normative program includes an additional 19 units (five semester courses) of approved upper division or graduate elective courses.  At least 11 units must be in the 200 series courses. Some of the 19 elective units could include courses in mathematics, biophysics, astrophysics, or from other science and engineering departments.  Physics 290, 295, 299, 301, and 602 are excluded from the 19 elective units. Physics 209, 211 and 221A-221B must be completed for a letter grade (with a minimum average grade of B).  No more than one-third of the 19 elective units may be fulfilled by courses graded Satisfactory, and then only with the approval of the Department.  Entering students are required to enroll in Physics 209 and 221A in the fall semester of their first year and Physics 211 and 221B in the spring semester of their first year. Exceptions to this requirement are made for 1) students who do not have sufficient background to enroll in these courses and have a written recommendation from their faculty mentor and approval from the head graduate adviser to delay enrollment to take preparatory classes, 2) students who have taken the equivalent of these courses elsewhere and receive written approval from the Department to be exempted. 

If a student has taken courses equivalent to Physics 209, 211 or 221A-221B, then subject credit may be granted for each of these course requirements.  A faculty committee will review your course syllabi and transcript.  A waiver form can be obtained in 378 Physics North from the Student Affairs Officer detailing all required documents.  If the committee agrees that the student has satisfied the course requirement at another institution, the student must secure the Head Graduate Adviser's approval.  The student must also take and pass the associated section of the preliminary exam.  Please note that official course waiver approval will not be granted until after the preliminary exam results have been announced.  If course waivers are approved, units for the waived required courses do not have to be replaced for PhD course requirements.  If a student has satisfied all first year required graduate courses elsewhere, they are only required to take an additional 19 units to satisfy remaining PhD course requirements.  (Note that units for required courses must be replaced for MA degree course requirements even if the courses themselves are waived; for more information please see MA degree requirements).

In exceptional cases, students transferring from other graduate programs may request a partial waiver of the 19 elective unit requirement. Such requests must be made at the time of application for admission to the Department.

The majority of first year graduate students are Graduate Student Instructors (GSIs) with a 20 hour per week load (teaching, grading, and preparation).  A typical first year program for an entering graduate student who is teaching is:

First Semester

• Physics 209 Classical Electromagnetism (5)
• Physics 221A Quantum Mechanics (5)
• Physics 251 Introduction to Graduate Research (1)
• Physics 301 GSI Teaching Credit (2)
• Physics 375 GSI Training Seminar (for first time GSI's) (2)

Second Semester

• Physics 211 Equilibrium Statistical Physics (4)
• Physics 221B Quantum Mechanics (5)

Students who have fellowships and will not be teaching, or who have covered some of the material in the first year courses material as undergraduates may choose to take an additional course in one or both semesters of their first year.

Many students complete their course requirements by the end of the second year. In general, students are expected to complete their course requirements by the end of the third year. An exception to this expectation is that students who elect (with the approval of their mentor and the head graduate adviser) to fill gaps in their undergraduate background during their first year at Berkeley often need one or two additional semesters to complete their course work.

Faculty Mentors

Incoming graduate students are each assigned a faculty mentor. In general, mentors and students are matched according to the student's research interest.   If a student's research interests change, or if (s)he feels there is another faculty member who can better serve as a mentor, the student is free to request a change of assignment.

The role of the faculty mentor is to advise graduate students who have not yet identified research advisers on their academic program, on their progress in that program and on strategies for passing the preliminary exam and finding a research adviser.  Mentors also are a “friendly ear” and are ready to help students address other issues they may face coming to a new university and a new city.  Mentors are expected to meet with the students they advise individually a minimum of once per semester, but often meet with them more often.  Mentors should contact incoming students before the start of the semester, but students arriving in Berkeley should feel free to contact their mentors immediately.

Student-Mentor assignments continue until the student has identified a research adviser.  While many students continue to ask their mentors for advice later in their graduate career, the primary role of adviser is transferred to the research adviser once a student formally begins research towards his or her dissertation. The Department asks student and adviser to sign a “mentor-adviser” form to make this transfer official.  

Preliminary Exams

In order to most benefit from graduate work, incoming students need to have a solid foundation in undergraduate physics, including mechanics, electricity and magnetism, optics, special relativity, thermal and statistical physics and quantum mechanics, and to be able to make order-of-magnitude estimates and analyze physical situations by application of general principles. These are the topics typically included, and at the level usually taught, within a Bachelor's degree program in Physics at most universities. As a part of this foundation, the students should also have formed a well-integrated overall picture of the fields studied. The preliminary exam is meant to assess the students' background, so that any missing pieces can be made up as soon as possible. The exam is made up of 4 sections, as described in the  Preliminary Exam Policy *, on the Department’s website.  Each section is administered twice a year, at the start of each semester. 

Entering students are encouraged to take this exam as soon as possible, and they are required to attempt all prelims sections in the second semester. Students who have not passed all sections in the third semester will undergo a Departmental review of their performance. Departmental expectations are that all students should successfully pass all sections no later than spring semester of the second year (4th semester); the document entitled  Physics Department Preliminary Exam Policy * describes Departmental policy in more detail. An exception to this expectation is afforded to students who elect (with the recommendation of the faculty mentor and written approval of the head graduate adviser) to fill gaps in their undergraduate background during their first year at Berkeley and delay corresponding section(s) of the exam, and who therefore may need an additional semester to complete the exam; this exception is also further discussed in the  Preliminary Exam Policy * document.

* You must login with your Calnet ID to access Physics Department Preliminary Examination Policy.

Start of Research

Students are encouraged to begin research as soon as possible. Many students identify potential research advisers in their first year and most have identified their research adviser before the end of their second year.  When a research adviser is identified, the Department asks that both student and research adviser sign a form (available from the Student Affairs Office, 378 Physics North) indicating that the student has (provisionally) joined the adviser’s research group with the intent of working towards a PhD.  In many cases, the student will remain in that group for their thesis work, but sometimes the student or faculty adviser will decide that the match of individuals or research direction is not appropriate.  Starting research early gives students flexibility to change groups when appropriate without incurring significant delays in time to complete their degree.

Departmental expectations are that experimental research students begin work in a research group by the summer after the first year; this is not mandatory, but is strongly encouraged.  Students doing theoretical research are similarly encouraged to identify a research direction, but often need to complete a year of classes in their chosen specialty before it is possible for them to begin research.  Students intending to become theory students and have to take the required first year classes may not be able to start research until the summer after their second year.  Such students are encouraged to attend theory seminars and maintain contact with faculty in their chosen area of research even before they can begin a formal research program. 

If a student chooses dissertation research with a supervisor who is not in the department, he or she must find an appropriate Physics faculty member who agrees to serve as the departmental research supervisor of record and as co-adviser. This faculty member is expected to monitor the student's progress towards the degree and serve on the student's qualifying and dissertation committees. The student will enroll in Physics 299 (research) in the co-adviser's section.  The student must file the Outside Research Proposal for approval; petitions are available in the Student Affairs Office, 378 Physics North.   

Students who have not found a research adviser by the end of the second year will be asked to meet with their faculty mentor to develop a plan for identifying an adviser and research group.  Students who have not found a research adviser by Spring of the third year are not making adequate progress towards the PhD.  These students will be asked to provide written documentation to the department explaining their situation and their plans to begin research.  Based on their academic record and the documentation they provide, such students may be warned by the department that they are not making adequate progress, and will be formally asked to find an adviser.  The record of any student who has not identified an adviser by the end of Spring of the fourth year will be evaluated by a faculty committee and the student may be asked to leave the program. 

Qualifying Exam

Rules and requirements associated with the Qualifying Exam are set by the Graduate Division on behalf of the Graduate Council.  Approval of the committee membership and the conduct of the exam are therefore subject to Graduate Division approval.  The exam is oral and lasts 2-3 hours.  The Graduate Division specifies that the purpose of the Qualifying Exam is “to ascertain the breadth of the student's comprehension of fundamental facts and principles that apply to at least three subject areas related to the major field of study and whether the student has the ability to think incisively and critically about the theoretical and the practical aspects of these areas.”  It also states that “this oral examination of candidates for the doctorate serves a significant additional function. Not only teaching, but the formal interaction with students and colleagues at colloquia, annual meetings of professional societies and the like, require the ability to synthesize rapidly, organize clearly, and argue cogently in an oral setting.  It is necessary for the University to ensure that a proper examination is given incorporating these skills.”

Please see the  Department website for a description of the Qualifying Exam and its Committee .   Note: You must login with your Calnet ID to access QE information . Passing the Qualifying Exam, along with a few other requirements described on the department website, will lead to Advancement to Candidacy.  Qualifying exam scheduling forms can be picked up in the Student Affairs Office, 378 Physics North.   

The Department expects students to take the Qualifying Exam two or three semesters after they identify a research adviser. This is therefore expected to occur for most students in their third year, and no later than fourth year. A student is considered to have begun research when they first register for Physics 299 or fill out the department mentor-adviser form showing that a research adviser has accepted the student for PhD work or hired as a GSR (Graduate Student Researcher), at which time the research adviser becomes responsible for guidance and mentoring of the student.  (Note that this decision is not irreversible – the student or research adviser can decide that the match of individuals or research direction is not appropriate or a good match.)  Delays in this schedule cause concern that the student is not making adequate progress towards the PhD.  The student and adviser will be asked to provide written documentation to the department explaining the delay and clarifying the timeline for taking the Qualifying Exam.

Annual Progress Reports

Graduate Division requires that each student’s performance be annually assessed to provide students with timely information about the faculty’s evaluation of their progress towards PhD.  Annual Progress Reports are completed during the Spring Semester.  In these reports, the student is asked to discuss what progress he or she has made toward the degree in the preceding year, and to discuss plans for the following year and for PhD requirements that remain to be completed.  The mentor or research adviser or members of the Dissertation Committee (depending on the student’s stage of progress through the PhD program) comment on the student’s progress and objectives. In turn, the student has an opportunity to make final comments. 

Before passing the Qualifying Exam, the annual progress report (obtained from the Physics Student Affairs Office in 378 Physics North) is completed by the student and either his/her faculty mentor or his/her research adviser, depending on whether or not the student has yet begun research (see above).  This form includes a statement of intended timelines to take the Qualifying Exam, which is expected to be within 2-3 semesters of starting research.  

After passing the Qualifying Exam, the student and research adviser complete a similar form, but in addition to the research adviser, the student must also meet with at least one other and preferably both other members of their Dissertation Committee (this must include their co-adviser if the research adviser is not a member of the Physics Department) to discuss progress made in the past year, plans for the upcoming year, and overall progress towards the PhD.  This can be done either individually as one-on-one meetings of the graduate student with members of the Dissertation Committee, or as a group meeting with presentation. (The Graduate Council requires that all doctoral students who have been advanced to candidacy meet annually with at least two members of the Dissertation Committee. The annual review is part of the Graduate Council’s efforts to improve the doctoral completion rate and to shorten the time it takes students to obtain a doctorate.)

Advancement to Candidacy

After passing the Qualifying Examination, the next step in the student's career is to advance to candidacy as soon as possible.  Advancement to candidacy is the academic stage when a student has completed all requirements except completion of the dissertation.  Students are still required to enroll in 12 units per semester; these in general are expected to be seminars and research units.  Besides passing the Qualifying Exam, there are a few other requirements described in the Graduate Program Booklet. Doctoral candidacy application forms can be picked up in the Student Affairs Office, 378 Physics North.

Completion of Dissertation Work

The expected time for completion of the PhD program is six years.  While the Department recognizes that research time scales can be unpredictable, it strongly encourages students and advisers to develop dissertation proposals consistent with these expectations.  The Berkeley Physics Department does not have dissertation defense exams, but encourages students and their advisers to ensure that students learn the important skill of effective research presentations, including a presentation of their dissertation work to their peers and interested faculty and researchers.

Physics, PhD

Zanvyl krieger school of arts and sciences, admission requirements.

To obtain admission, a student is expected to submit evidence that they have a good chance to succeed. 

A complete application will include:

• Statement of purpose. We look for a thoughtful, well-written statement that shows the ability to overcome challenges, dedication to attain chosen goals, a capacity for creativity, an understanding of physics and/or astronomy, and any other indication of potential for research.
• Three letters of recommendation. Recommendation letters should help us evaluate your capacity for research, the most important criterion for admission.
• Transcripts of all previous work. Transcripts submitted with the application may be unofficial transcripts. Successful applicants who accept the offer of admission must supply an official transcript before they can begin the PhD program at JHU. In the case of students in the final year of their bachelors program, the official transcript must show completion of all coursework required for the degree.
• TOEFL or IELTS for international students. A reproduction is acceptable. Johns Hopkins prefers a minimum score of 600 (paper-based) or 250 (computer-based) or 100 (Internet-based) on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL).
• $75 non-refundable application fee. The application fee may be waived .

Note: submission of General GRE and Physics GRE scores is optional.

Successful applicants applying in the last year of their Bachelor’s program will need to demonstrate the completion of their Bachelor’s degree program before they can begin the Ph.D. program at JHU.

Program Requirements

The Ph.D. program has strong emphasis on early and active involvement in graduate research. Thus, students are required to have a research advisor and file a research summary every semester they are enrolled in the program, starting with the first one. Furthermore, students must complete the required courses with a grade of B- or better; the coursework is typically done over the first two years. In the beginning of the second year, students complete the research examination, and in the beginning of the third year – the University’s Graduate Board Oral examination, both of which are based on completed or proposed research. During the first two years, students are typically involved in introductory research projects, which may or may not be related to their thesis work, and sometimes work with several different advisors, but they must identify (and have an agreement with) a thesis advisor no later than the beginning of their third year in the program, after which point students focus on their thesis research. The thesis is to be completed by no later than the end of the 6th year, ending with an oral presentation of the thesis to a faculty committee.

Course Requirements

Ph.d. in physics.

Students must complete the following courses:

Ph.D. in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Students in both programs must receive at least a B- in each required course, or they will be required to retake the specific course once more and pass it.

The department offers a wide range of graduate physics, astrophysics, mathematical methods and statistics classes, and while only five are required, the students are encouraged to use the flexibility of the graduate program and the available classes to design programs of study that best prepare them for their chosen area of research. In addition to the required courses listed above, below is the list of the graduate courses that have been taught in recent years:

Research and Advising

The principal goal of graduate study is to train the student to conduct original research. Therefore, physics and astronomy graduate students at Johns Hopkins are involved in research starting in their first semester in the program.

First and Second-Year Research Requirement

By the end of September, the student chooses their first research advisor among the professorial faculty and starts working on the first-semester research project. If the proposed research advisor does not hold a primary appointment as a tenure-track or research faculty member in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, the form must be co-signed by a PHA faculty member, who will provide mentorship  (relevant department faculty members list) . This requirement holds for all semesters of research. The first-semester project continues through intersession in January. The spring-semester research project continues until the end of the spring semester. The summer semester lasts from June through August. Students may continue with one advisor through the entire first year, or they may choose to cycle through several different research advisers from one semester to the next.

This system of semester projects continues during the first two years of the program, when students also complete required coursework. The nature of these first- and second-year research projects varies from student to student, from advisor to advisor and from one sub-field of physics to another. Some may be self-contained research projects that lead to published scientific papers and may or may not be related to the thesis research in later years.  Listing of recent publications by our graduate students . Others may comprise reading or independent-study projects to develop background for subsequent research. In other cases, they may be first steps in a longer-term research project.

This system accommodates both the students who have chosen the direction of their thesis work before graduate school and those who would like to try a few different things before committing to a long-term project. As students get more familiar with the department and the research opportunities, they zero in on their thesis topic and find a thesis advisor. This may happen any time during the first two years, and students are required to find a thesis advisor by the beginning of the third year.

Thesis Research and Defense

Securing a mutual agreement with a thesis advisor is one of the most important milestones of our graduate program. Students must find a thesis advisor and submit the thesis advisor form before the first day of their 3rd year. The form represents a long-term commitment and serious efforts in planning and communication between the student and the advisor. If the proposed thesis advisor does not hold a primary appointment as a tenure-track or research faculty member in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, the form must be co-signed by a PHA faculty member, who will serve as the departmental advisor of record (relevant department faculty members list) . 

After the student chooses a thesis advisor, the student forms their Thesis Committee consisting of three faculty members in the Dept. of Physics and Astronomy (PHA). At least two should be tenure track faculty with primary appointments in PHA. An external advisor may be added as the fourth member of the committee. These committees function as extended advisory bodies; students have the opportunity to discuss their progress and problems with several faculty. They also conduct one formal annual review of each student’s progress.

Research leading to the dissertation can be carried out not only within the Department of Physics and Astronomy, but with appropriate arrangements, either partly or entirely at other locations if necessitated by the project goals. At the conclusion of thesis research, the student presents the written dissertation to the faculty committee and defends the thesis in an oral examination.

Requirements for the M.A. Degree

Although the department does not admit students who intend to pursue the master’s degree exclusively, students in the department’s Ph.D. program and students in other Ph.D. programs at Johns Hopkins may apply to fulfill the requirements for the M.A. degree in the Department of Physics and Astronomy. Students from other JHU departments must seek approval from their home department and from the Department of Physics and Astronomy.

Before beginning their M.A. studies, students must have mastered the undergraduate physics material covered by the following courses:

Courses taken elsewhere may qualify at the discretion of the Graduate Program Committee (normally this requirement is satisfied by the Ph.D.-track students before they arrive at JHU as they have completed a B.A. or B.Sci. in Physics at another institution).

To qualify for the M.A. degree in Physics, students must complete eight one-semester 3-credit graduate-level courses in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and pass the departmental research exam. For the M.A. degree in Astronomy, students must complete eight one-semester 3-credit graduate-level courses in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, plus the seminar “Language of Astrophysics” and pass the departmental research exam. The student must receive a grade of B- or above in each of the courses; graduate courses can be retaken once in case of failure.

Of the eight one-semester courses, four must be the core courses listed above in the Ph.D. requirements and two must be Independent Graduate Research courses. The remaining two course requirements for the M.A. degree may be fulfilled either by 3-credit graduate electives or by additional Independent Graduate Research. The research courses must include an essay or a research report supervised and approved by a faculty member of the Department of Physics and Astronomy.

Under most circumstances students pursuing their Ph.D. qualify for the M.A. degree by the end of their second year if they have taken all four core courses in their discipline at JHU, the “Language of Astrophysics” seminar (for M.A. in Astronomy), four semesters of Independent Graduate Research, and passed the research exam. Graduate courses taken at another institution or in another department at JHU in most cases do not count toward the M.A. requirements (therefore, students who are interested in the M.A. degree, but are planning to waive any graduate courses because they have passed a comparable graduate course at another institution, should discuss their eligibility for the M.A. degree with the Academic Program Administrator as soon as they arrive at JHU). Students should expect that no M.A. requirements can be waived; that the minimal research requirement is two semesters; and that at most one of the core courses can be substituted by another (non-research) graduate course in exceptional circumstances. Any requests for M.A. course substitutions must be made to the Graduate Program Committee at least a year before the expected M.A. degree so that the committee can recommend an appropriate substitution.

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Doctoral Program in Physics

The Department of Physics and Astronomy at UC Irvine offers a program of graduate study leading to a Ph.D. degree in Physics. Our graduate course curriculum provides a foundation in fundamental physics and elective courses in a broad range of topical areas. Graduate students carry out original research in diverse areas of experimental and theoretical physics and astrophysics , under the guidance of members of our departmental faculty .  We also offer a graduate program in Chemical and Materials Physics as a joint program with the UCI Department of Chemistry . Graduates of our Ph.D. program are well prepared for careers in scientific research, teaching, and industry. See the links below for detailed information about our program, the applications process, and campus resources for graduate students.

Graduate Program Open House for Prospective Applicants, November 19, 2022 (Click for link)

Physics Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Degree

Request Info about graduate study Visit Apply

RIT’s physics Ph.D. combines our interdisciplinary approach, renowned faculty, and cutting-edge facilities to empower you to excel in your research and shape the future of physics.

STEM-OPT Visa Eligible

Overview for Physics Ph.D.

Physics plays a crucial role in advancing various scientific and technological fields. Through experimentation, observation, and mathematical analysis, physicists strive to unravel the mysteries of the universe and contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge.

The physics Ph.D. program fosters a creative and innovative approach to physics education and knowledge expertise. Graduates of the physics Ph.D. become leaders in their field, shaping and improving the world with the knowledge gained at RIT.

Ph.D. Program in Physics at RIT

RIT's physics Ph.D. program offers various research areas, allowing students to pursue their passion and delve into cutting-edge scientific investigations. As a physics doctoral student, you will have the opportunity to work alongside world-class faculty members at the forefront of their respective fields. Our distinguished professors are dedicated to mentorship, ensuring each student receives personalized guidance and support throughout their academic journey.

The physics Ph.D. program offers a comprehensive and rigorous curriculum designed to provide you with a deep understanding of fundamental physics principles, advanced research skills, and specialized knowledge in your chosen areas of focus. The program combines core courses, electives, research work, and professional development activities.

Join us for Fall 2024

Many programs accept applications on a rolling, space-available basis.

Learn what you need to apply

A significant component of the physics doctorate involves conducting original research under the guidance of faculty advisors. You will work on research projects aligned with your interests, contributing to the advancement of scientific knowledge. This research culminates in completing a doctoral dissertation, which involves original findings and a written thesis.

You will have abundant access to innovative and exciting research. We know that involvement in original research helps prepare our students for their future careers. The physics Ph.D. program offers a diverse range of research areas, allowing students to explore and specialize in various fields of physics.

Physics Research Areas:

• Faculty: Mishkat Bhattacharya , Edwin Hach III , Gregory Howland , Nicola Lanata , Stefan Preble
• Faculty: Jairo Diaz Amaya , Moumita Das , Scott Franklin , Michael Kotlarchyk , Lishibanya Mohapatra , Shima Parsa , Poornima Padmanabhan , George Thurston
• Faculty: Michael Cromer , Pratik Dholabhai , Nicola Lanata , Casey Miller , Michael Pierce , Steven Weinstein , Ke Xu
• Faculty: Manuela Campanelli , Joshua Faber , Jeyhan Kartaltepe , Carlos Lousto , Richard O’Shaughnessy , John Whelan , Michael Zemcov , Yosef Zlochower
• Faculty: Seth Hubbard , Santosh Kurinec , Parsian Mohseni , Michael Pierce , Patricia Taboada-Serrano , Ke Xu
• Faculty: Donald Figer , Edwin Hach III , Gregory Howland , Seth Hubbard , Stefan Preble
• Faculty: Scott Franklin , Benjamin Zwickl
• Faculty: Pratik Dholabhai , Seth Hubbard , Santosh Kurinec , Nishant Malik
• Faculty: Charles Bachmann , Gregory Howland , Stefan Preble , Jie Qiao

You will have the opportunity to collaborate with faculty members and engage in cutting-edge research projects aligned with your interests and career aspirations. The physics program encourages interdisciplinary research and the exploration of new frontiers in physics, fostering innovation and scientific discovery.

Seth Hubbard

Mishkat Bhattacharya

Moumita Das

Shima Parsa

Lishibanya Mohapatra

Curriculum for 2023-2024 for Physics Ph.D.

Current Students: See Curriculum Requirements

Physics, Ph.D. degree, typical course sequence

Physics (or closely-related) electives*.

* This list is representative and not exhaustive.

Admissions and Financial Aid

This program is available on-campus only.

Full-time study is 9+ semester credit hours. International students requiring a visa to study at the RIT Rochester campus must study full‑time.

Application Details

To be considered for admission to the Physics Ph.D. program, candidates must fulfill the following requirements:

• Complete an online graduate application .
• Submit copies of official transcript(s) (in English) of all previously completed undergraduate and graduate course work, including any transfer credit earned.
• Hold a baccalaureate degree (or US equivalent) from an accredited university or college in the physical sciences or engineering.
• A recommended minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 (or equivalent).
• Submit a current resume or curriculum vitae.
• Submit a statement of purpose for research which will allow the Admissions Committee to learn the most about you as a prospective researcher.
• Submit two letters of recommendation .
• Entrance exam requirements: GRE, both General and Physics, are optional. No minimum score requirement.
• Writing samples are optional.
• Submit English language test scores (TOEFL, IELTS, PTE Academic), if required. Details are below.

English Language Test Scores

International applicants whose native language is not English must submit one of the following official English language test scores. Some international applicants may be considered for an English test requirement waiver .

International students below the minimum requirement may be considered for conditional admission. Each program requires balanced sub-scores when determining an applicant’s need for additional English language courses.

How to Apply   Start or Manage Your Application

Cost and Financial Aid

An RIT graduate degree is an investment with lifelong returns. Ph.D. students typically receive full tuition and an RIT Graduate Assistantship that will consist of a research assistantship (stipend) or a teaching assistantship (salary).

The School is committed to a diverse applications pool and alleviating any financial burden of application. For information, please contact the Program Director.

Additional Information

Foundation courses.

Physics forms the backbone of many scientific and engineering disciplines, thus candidates from diverse backgrounds are encouraged to apply. However, applicants to the doctoral program are typically expected to have some undergraduate preparation in physics, including courses in electromagnetism, classical and quantum mechanics, statistical physics, and mathematical methods of physics. If applicants have not taken the expected background coursework, the program director may require the student to successfully complete foundational courses prior to matriculating into the Ph.D. program. A written agreement between the candidate and the program director will identify the required foundation courses, which must be completed with an overall B average before a student can matriculate into the graduate program. Note that this can lead to a delay in degree completion by as much as a year.

Doctoral Program (Ph.D.)

• Graduate Programs

The Physics Ph.D. program provides students with opportunities to perform independent research in some of the most current and dynamic areas of physics. Students develop a solid and broad physics knowledge base in the first year through the core curriculum, departmental colloquia, and training.

Upper-level courses and departmental seminar series subsequently provide more specialized exposure. Armed with the core knowledge, doctoral students join a research group working in an area of particular interest. This research is performed in very close collaboration with one or more faculty whose interests span a wide range of physics fields.

Applicants are expected to have a strong background in physics or closely related subjects at the undergraduate level. All applications are evaluated holistically to assess the applicant's preparation and potential for graduate coursework and independent research, which can be demonstrated in multiple ways.

Submitting General and Physics GRE scores is recommended (but not required), especially for non-traditional students (this includes applicants with a bachelor's degree outside of physics or applicants who have taken a long gap after completing their bachelor's degree).

Three recommendation letters from faculty or others acquainted with the applicant's academic and/or research qualifications are required.

If you have submitted an application and need to make changes or add to the application, do not send the materials to the Physics department. The department is unable to alter or add to your application. Contact the  Graduate School staff  for all changes.  

Ph.D. Program Milestones and Guideposts

• Work toward joining a research group
• Pass 3 courses per semester if a TA or 4 courses per semester if a Fellow with at least 50% B's or better
• Complete 6 core courses (PHYS 2010, 2030, 2040, 2050, 2060, 2140)
• Begin research
• Complete PHYS2010 (or other core courses) if not taken during Year 1
• Complete at least 2 advanced courses
• Pass qualifying exam
• Complete 2nd Year Ethics Training
• Identify prelim committee
• Continue research
• Complete remaining advanced courses
• Pass preliminary exam and advance to candidacy
• Complete thesis research
• Write and defend thesis

Ph.D. Resources

• Ph.D. Program Student Handbook
• Graduate Core Course Listing
• Finding a Research Group
• Comprehensive Exam Information
• Ph.D. Second Year Ethics Training Requirement
• Ph.D. Preliminary Exam Requirements and Guidelines
• Ph.D. Prelim Form
• Physics Department Defense Form
• Ph.D. Dissertation Defense Requirements and Guidelines
• Ph.D. Course Waiver/Permission Form

Ph.D. in Physics

Advance scientific knowledge and prepare for a dynamic career as a scholar and university-level professor.

The study of physics offers endless insights into how our world works. A Ph.D. in Physics from UND offers a deep dive into the workings of the universe.

Why earn a Ph.D. in physics?

If you're an international student, refer to the international application process for deadlines.

A Ph.D. in Physics from UND gives you the knowledge and skills you need to help unlock the deepest mysteries of the universe.

Our department features small classes, collaborative relationships and high-level research opportunities. Working with state-of-the-art scientific tools, you'll pursue your own investigations and contribute to existing knowledge in the field.

Through the Ph.D. program in Physics at UND, you'll gain:

• Competency in graduate-level physics including mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, statistical physics and theoretical methods
• The skills required to carry out programs of independent research at a research laboratory or as a university faculty member
• Oral presentation skills
• Experience in writing research papers
• Analytical skills needed to work as a professional physicist

Ph.D. in Physics at UND

Contribute new knowledge to the field through research and the completion of a dissertation

Apply for a research or teaching assistantship

Participate in regularly scheduled Colloquia on select topics in physics and astronomy

What can I do with a Ph.D. in physics?

Median annual salary for physicists and astronomers

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Anticipated job growth for physicists and astronomers

The Ph.D. program prepares graduates to conduct research, teach in higher education and serve in leadership roles at every level of scientific organization.

UND graduates have gone on to illustrious research careers at places such as:

• Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences
• University of North Dakota
• University of South Carolina School of Medicine

Ph.D. in Physics Courses

PHYS 520. Cosmology. 3 Credits.

Cosmology is the study of the origin, structure, and evolution of the Universe. This graduate-level course will provide an overview of recent developments in cosmology, including; the Big Bang model, inflation, the cosmic microwave background, baryogenesis, the expanding universe, Hubble's constant and the distance scale, and dark energy. On demand.

PHYS 543. Statistical Physics. 3 Credits.

The Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein, and Fermi-Dirac statistics, and their application to the description of physical systems.

PHYS 535. Solid State Physics. 3 Credits.

The crystal lattice, electron theory of metals and semiconductors, and transport phenomena in solids.

PHYS 542. Theory of Electricity and Magnetism. 3 Credits.

Special theory of relativity, scattering of charged particles, and radiation.

PHYS 545. Analytical Mechanics. 3 Credits.

Variational methods. Lagrange's equations, oscillations, Hamilton equations, and special relativity.

PHYS 540. Quantum Mechanics. 3 Credits.

Matrix methods, spin, and scattering phenomena.

Leaders in Physics

Explore physics through research, writing and analytics to make an impact in the field.

Connect with the faculty you'll work with at UND or discover additional education opportunities.

• Department of Physics and Astrophysics
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Physics, PhD

• Program description
• At a glance
• Degree requirements
• Admission requirements
• Tuition information
• Career opportunities
• Contact information

approved for STEM-OPT extension, astronomy, atomic, quantum

Do you want to pursue independent research at the frontiers of knowledge? The Department of Physics hosts leading theoretical and experimental programs with a wide variety of opportunities that will help you grow as a physicist and enable you to make exciting discoveries.

The PhD program in physics is intended for highly capable students who have the interest and ability to follow a career in independent research.

The recent advent of the graduate faculty initiative at ASU extends the spectrum of potential physics doctoral topics and advisors to include highly transdisciplinary projects that draw upon:

• biochemistry
• electrical engineering
• materials science
• other related fields

Consequently, students and doctoral advisors can craft novel doctoral projects that transcend the classical palette of physics subjects. Transdisciplinary expertise of this nature is increasingly vital to modern science and technology.

Current areas of particular emphasis within the department include:

• biological physics
• electron diffraction and imaging
• nanoscale and materials physics
• particle physics and astrophysics

The department has more than 90 doctoral students and more than 40 faculty members.

This program may be eligible for an Optional Practical Training extension for up to 36 months. This OPT work authorization term may help international students gain skills and experience in the U.S. Those interested in an OPT extension should review ASU degrees that qualify for the STEM-OPT extension at ASU's International Students and Scholars Center website.

The OPT extension only applies to students on an F-1 visa and does not apply to students completing the degree through ASU Online.

• College/school: The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
• Location: Tempe

84 credit hours, a written comprehensive exam, an oral comprehensive exam, a prospectus and a dissertation

Required Core (18 credit hours) PHY 500 Research Methods (6) PHY 521 Classical and Continuum Mechanics (3) PHY 531 Electrodynamics (3) PHY 541 Statistical Physics (3) PHY 576 Quantum Theory (3)

Electives or Research (54 credit hours)

Culminating Experience (12 credit hours) PHY 799 Dissertation (12)

Additional Curriculum Information Of particular note within the core courses are the PHY 500 Research Methods rotations, which are specifically designed to engage doctoral students in genuine, faculty-guided research starting in their first semester. Students complete three credit hours of PHY 500 in both their fall and spring semesters of their first year, for a total of six credit hours.

Coursework beyond the core courses is established by the student's doctoral advisor and supervisory committee, working in partnership with the student. The intent is to tailor the doctoral training to the specific research interests and aptitudes of the student while ensuring that each graduating student emerges with the expertise, core knowledge and problem-solving skills that define having a successful doctoral degree in physics.

When approved by the student's supervisory committee and the Graduate College, this program allows 30 credit hours from a previously awarded master's degree to be used for this degree. If students do not have a previously awarded master's degree, the 30 credit hours of coursework are made up of electives to reach the required 84 credit hours.

Applicants must fulfill the requirements of both the Graduate College and The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.

Applicants are eligible to apply to the program if they have earned a bachelor's or master's degree in physics or a closely related area from a regionally accredited institution. Applicants must have had adequate undergraduate preparation equivalent to an undergraduate major of 30 credit hours in physics and 20 credit hours in mathematics. Courses in analytic mechanics, electromagnetism and modern physics, including quantum mechanics, are particularly important.

Applicants must have a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.00 (scale is 4.00 = "A") in the last 60 hours of their first bachelor's degree program or a minimum GPA of 3.00 (scale is 4.00 = "A") in an applicable master's degree program.

All applicants must submit:

• graduate admission application and application fee
• official transcripts
• personal statement
• three letters of recommendation
• proof of English proficiency

Additional Application Information An applicant whose native language is not English must provide proof of English proficiency regardless of their current residency.

Applicants requesting credit for prior graduate courses, taken either at ASU or elsewhere, must demonstrate mastery of the relevant course material to the graduate-level standards of the Department of Physics.

As professional physicists, graduates can advance the frontiers of physics by generating new knowledge in their subfields while working on the most challenging scientific problems at the forefront of human understanding. Graduates find positions in a variety of settings, such as administration, government labs, industrial labs and management, and as academic faculty.

Physicists are valued for their analytical, technical and mathematical skills and find employment in a vast array of employment sectors, including:

• engineering

Department of Physics | PSF 470 [email protected] 480-965-3561

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PhD Program

A PhD degree in Physics is awarded in recognition of significant and novel research contributions, extending the boundaries of our knowledge of the physical universe. Selected applicants are admitted to the PhD program of the UW Department of Physics, not to a specific research group, and are encouraged to explore research opportunities throughout the Department.

Degree Requirements

Typical timeline, advising and mentoring, satisfactory progress, financial support, more information.

Applicants to the doctoral program are expected to have a strong undergraduate preparation in physics, including courses in electromagnetism, classical and quantum mechanics, statistical physics, optics, and mathematical methods of physics. Further study in condensed matter, atomic, and particle and nuclear physics is desirable. Limited deficiencies in core areas may be permissible, but may delay degree completion by as much as a year and are are expected to remedied during the first year of graduate study.

The Graduate Admissions Committee reviews all submitted applications and takes a holistic approach considering all aspects presented in the application materials. Application materials include:

• Resume or curriculum vitae, describing your current position or activities, educational and professional experience, and any honors awarded, special skills, publications or research presentations.
• Statement of purpose, one page describing your academic purpose and goals.
• Personal history statement (optional, two pages max), describing how your personal experiences and background (including family, cultural, or economic aspects) have influenced your intellectual development and interests.
• Three letters of recommendation: submit email addresses for your recommenders at least one month ahead of deadline to allow them sufficient time to respond.
• Transcripts (unofficial), from all prior relevant undergraduate and graduate institutions attended. Admitted applicants must provide official transcripts.
• English language proficiency is required for graduate study at the University of Washington. Applicants whose native language is not English must demonstrate English proficiency. The various options are specified at: https://grad.uw.edu/policies/3-2-graduate-school-english-language-proficiency-requirements/ Official test scores must be sent by ETS directly to the University of Washington (institution code 4854) and be received within two years of the test date.

For additional information see the UW Graduate School Home Page , Understanding the Application Process , and Memo 15 regarding teaching assistant eligibility for non-native English speakers.

The GRE Subject Test in Physics (P-GRE) is optional in our admissions process, and typically plays a relatively minor role.  Our admissions system is holistic, as we use all available information to evaluate each application. If you have taken the P-GRE and feel that providing your score will help address specific gaps or otherwise materially strengthen your application, you are welcome to submit your scores. We emphasize that every application will be given full consideration, regardless of whether or not scores are submitted.

Applications are accepted annually for autumn quarter admissions (only), and must be submitted online. Admission deadline: DECEMBER 15, 2024.

Department standards

Course requirements.

Students must plan a program of study in consultation with their faculty advisor (either first year advisor or later research advisor). To establish adequate breadth and depth of knowledge in the field, PhD students are required to pass a set of core courses, take appropriate advanced courses and special topics offerings related to their research area, attend relevant research seminars as well as the weekly department colloquium, and take at least two additional courses in Physics outside their area of speciality. Seeking broad knowledge in areas of physics outside your own research area is encouraged.

The required core courses are:

In addition, all students holding a teaching assistantship (TA) must complete Phys 501 / 502 / 503 , Tutorials in Teaching Physics.

Regularly offered courses which may, depending on research area and with the approval of the graduate program coordinator, be used to satisfy breadth requirements, include:

• Phys 506 Numerical Methods
• Phys 555 Cosmology & Particle Astrophysics
• Phys 507 Group Theory
• Phys 557 High Energy Physics
• Phys 511 Topics in Contemporary Physics
• Phys 560 Nuclear Theory
• Phys 520 Quantum Information
• Phys 564 General Relativity
• Phys 550 Atomic Physics
• Phys 567 Condensed Matter Physics
• Phys 554 Nuclear Astrophysics
• Phys 570 Quantum Field Theory

Graduate exams

Master's Review:   In addition to passing all core courses, adequate mastery of core material must be demonstrated by passing the Master's Review. This is composed of four Master's Review Exams (MREs) which serve as the final exams in Phys 524 (SM), Phys 514 (EM), Phys 518 (QM), and Phys 505 (CM). The standard for passing each MRE is demonstrated understanding and ability to solve multi-step problems; this judgment is independent of the overall course grade. Acceptable performance on each MRE is expected, but substantial engagement in research allows modestly sub-par performance on one exam to be waived. Students who pass the Master's Review are eligible to receive a Master's degree, provided the Graduate School course credit and grade point average requirements have also been satisfied.

General Exam:   Adequate mastery of material in one's area of research, together with demonstrated progress in research and a viable plan to complete a PhD dissertation, is assessed in the General Exam. This is taken after completing all course requirements, passing the Master's Review, and becoming well established in research. The General Exam consists of an oral presentation followed by an in-depth question period with one's dissertation committee.

Final Oral Exam:   Adequate completion of a PhD dissertation is assessed in the Final Oral, which is a public exam on one's completed dissertation research. The requirement of surmounting a final public oral exam is an ancient tradition for successful completion of a PhD degree.

Graduate school requirements

Common requirements for all doctoral degrees are given in the Graduate School Degree Requirements and Doctoral Degree Policies and Procedures pages. A summary of the key items, accurate as of late 2020, is as follows:

• A minimum of 90 completed credits, of which at least 60 must be completed at the University of Washington. A Master's degree from the UW or another institution in physics, or approved related field of study, may substitute for 30 credits of enrollment.
• At least 18 credits of UW course work at the 500 level completed prior to the General Examination.
• At least 18 numerically graded UW credits of 500 level courses and approved 400 level courses, completed prior to the General Examination.
• At least 60 credits completed prior to scheduling the General Examination. A Master's degree from the UW or another institution may substitute for 30 of these credits.
• A minimum of 27 dissertation (or Physics 800) credits, spread out over a period of at least three quarters, must be completed. At least one of those three quarters must come after passing the General Exam. Except for summer quarters, students are limited to a maximum of 10 dissertation credits per quarter.
• A minimum cumulative grade point average (GPA) of 3.00 must be maintained.
• The General Examination must be successfully completed.
• A thesis dissertation approved by the reading committee and submitted and accepted by the Graduate School.
• The Final Examination must be successfully completed. At least four members of the supervisory committee, including chair and graduate school representative, must be present.
• Registration as a full- or part-time graduate student at the University must be maintained, specifically including the quarter in which the examinations are completed and the quarter in which the degree is conferred. (Part-time means registered for at least 2 credits, but less than 10.)
• All work for the doctoral degree must be completed within ten years. This includes any time spend on leave, as well as time devoted to a Master's degree from the UW or elsewhere (if used to substitute for credits of enrollment).
• Pass the required core courses: Phys 513 , 517 , 524 & 528 autumn quarter, Phys 514 , 518 & 525 winter quarter, and Phys 515 , 519 & 505 spring quarter. When deemed appropriate, with approval of their faculty advisor and graduate program coordinator, students may elect to defer Phys 525 , 515 and/or 519 to the second year in order to take more credits of Phys 600 .
• Sign up for and complete one credit of Phys 600 with a faculty member of choice during winter and spring quarters.
• Pass the Master's Review by the end of spring quarter or, after demonstrating substantial research engagement, by the end of the summer.
• Work to identify one's research area and faculty research advisor. This begins with learning about diverse research areas in Phys 528 in the autumn, followed by Phys 600 independent study with selected faculty members during winter, spring, and summer.
• Pass the Master's Review (if not already done) by taking any deferred core courses or retaking MREs as needed. The Master's Review must be passed before the start of the third year.
• Settle in and become fully established with one's research group and advisor, possibly after doing independent study with multiple faculty members. Switching research areas during the first two years is not uncommon.
• Complete all required courses. Take breadth courses and more advanced graduate courses appropriate for one's area of research.
• Perform research.
• Establish a Supervisory Committee within one year after finding a compatible research advisor who agrees to supervise your dissertation work.
• Take breadth and special topics courses as appropriate.
• Take your General Exam in the third or fourth year of your graduate studies.
• Register for Phys 800 (Doctoral Thesis Research) instead of Phys 600 in the quarters during and after your general exam.
• Take special topics courses as appropriate.
• Perform research. When completion of a substantial body of research is is sight, and with concurrence of your faculty advisor, start writing a thesis dissertation.
• Establish a dissertation reading committee well in advance of scheduling the Final Examination.
• Schedule your Final Examination and submit your PhD dissertation draft to your reading committee at least several weeks before your Final Exam.
• Take your Final Oral Examination.
• After passing your Final Exam, submit your PhD dissertation, as approved by your reading committee, to the Graduate School, normally before the end of the same quarter.

This typical timeline for competing the PhD applies to students entering the program with a solid undergraduate preparation, as described above under Admissions. Variant scenarios are possible with approval of the Graduate Program coordinator. Two such scenarios are the following:

• Students entering with insufficient undergraduate preparation often require more time. It is important to identify this early, and not feel that this reflects on innate abilities or future success. Discussion with one's faculty advisor, during orientation or shortly thereafter, may lead to deferring one or more of the first year required courses and corresponding Master's Review Exams. It can also involve taking selected 300 or 400 level undergraduate physics courses before taking the first year graduate level courses. This must be approved by the Graduate Program coordinator, but should not delay efforts to find a suitable research advisor. The final Master's Review decision still takes place no later than the start of the 3rd year and research engagement is an important component in this decision.
• Entering PhD students with advanced standing, for example with a prior Master's degree in Physics or transferring from another institution after completing one or more years in a Physics PhD program, may often graduate after 3 or 4 years in our program. After discussion with your faculty advisor and with approval of the Graduate Program coordinator, selected required classes may be waived (but typically not the corresponding Master's Review Exams), and credit from other institutions transferred.
• Each entering PhD student is assigned a first year faculty advisor, with whom they meet regularly to discuss course selection, general progress, and advice on research opportunities. The role of a student's primary faculty advisor switches to their research advisor after they become well established in research. Once their doctoral supervisory committee is formed, the entire committee, including a designated faculty mentor (other than the research advisor) is available to provide advice and mentoring.
• The department also has a peer mentoring program, in which first-year students are paired with more senior students who have volunteered as mentors. Peer mentors maintain contact with their first-year mentees throughout the year and aim to ease the transition to graduate study by sharing their experiences and providing support and advice. Quarterly "teas" are held to which all peer mentors and mentees are invited.
• While academic advising is primarily concerned with activities and requirements necessary to make progress toward a degree, mentoring focuses on the human relationships, commitments, and resources that can help a student find success and fulfillment in academic and professional pursuits. While research advisors play an essential role in graduate study, the department considers it inportant for every student to also have available additional individuals who take on an explicit mentoring role.
• Students are expected to meet regularly, at a minimum quarterly, with their faculty advisors (either first year advisor or research advisor).
• Starting in the winter of their first year, students are expected to be enrolled in Phys 600 .
• Every spring all students, together with their advisors, are required to complete an annual activities report.
• The doctoral supervisory committee needs to be established at least by the end of the fourth year.
• The General Exam is expected to take place during the third or fourth year.
• Students and their advisors are expected to aim for not more than 6 years between entry into the Physics PhD program and completion of the PhD. In recent years the median time is close to 6 years.

Absence of satisfactory progress can lead to a hierarchy of actions, as detailed in the Graduate School Memo 16: Academic Performance and Progress , and may jeopardize funding as a teaching assistant.

The Department aims to provide financial support for all full-time PhD students making satisfactory progress, and has been successful in doing so for many years. Most students are supported via a mix teaching assistantships (TAs) and research assistantships (RAs), although there are also various scholarships, fellowships, and awards that provide financial support. Teaching and research assistanships provide a stipend, a tuition waiver, and health insurance benefits. TAs are employed by the University to assist faculty in their teaching activities. Students from non-English-speaking countries must pass English proficiency requirements . RAs are employed by the Department to assist faculty with specified research projects, and are funded through research grants held by faculty members.

Most first-year students are provided full TA support during their first academic year as part of their admission offer. Support beyond the second year is typically in the form of an RA or a TA/RA combination. It is the responsibility of the student to find a research advisor and secure RA support. Students accepting TA or RA positions are required to register as full-time graduate students (a minimum of 10 credits during the academic year, and 2 credits in summer quarter) and devote 20 hours per week to their assistantship duties. Both TAs and RAs are classified as Academic Student Employees (ASE) . These positions are governed by a contract between the UW and the International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America (UAW), and its Local Union 4121 (UAW).

Physics PhD students are paid at the "Assistant" level (Teaching Assistant or Research Assistant) upon entry to the program. Students receive a promotion to "Associate I" (Predoctoral Teaching Associate I or Predoctoral Research Associate I) after passing the Master's Review, and a further promotion to "Associate II" (Predoctoral Teaching Associate II or Predoctoral Research Associate II) after passing their General Examination. (Summer quarter courses, and summer quarter TA employment, runs one month shorter than during the academic year. To compendate, summer quarter TA salaries are increased proportionately.)

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Graduate schools for physics typically offer a range of specialty programs, from quantum physics to relativity, as well as plentiful research opportunities to bolster a science education. These are the best physics schools. Each school's score reflects its average rating on a scale from 1 (marginal) to 5 (outstanding), based on a survey of academics at peer institutions. Read the methodology »

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Phd program.

The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree requires a thorough understanding of the foundations of physics and mathematical methods as evidenced by performance on the written Preliminary Exam and the oral Qualifying Exam, as well as submission of a dissertation which must include an original contribution to fundamental physics. There is no foreign language requirement for the Ph.D. degree.

Ph.D. students must complete the  graduate core courses  in classical physics (200ABC), statistical physics (219A), and quantum mechanics (215AB). Most students are also required to take either field theory (230A) or a third quarter of quantum mechanics (215C), with the choice usually depending on the student's planned research area. The required curriculum can be tailored to fit an individual student's preparation and needs. Students who have completed graduate classes elsewhere may have certain requirements waived, while students who have gaps in their undergraduate preparation or who have taken time away from school may begin their studies with advanced undergraduate courses. A faculty adviser consults with each incoming student about possible deviations from the standard coursework. First-year students must also enroll in the Colloquium (290), in which outside speakers give broad overviews of topics of current research, and an introduction to department research (295), in which UC Davis faculty members discuss their own research. Physics 295 is especially useful for students as they pick a specialization and Ph.D. adviser.

Each research area requires a  cluster  of more specialized classes, which students normally take during their second year of graduate school.

The  Preliminary Exam  is given twice a year, in Fall before the start of classes and during the Spring quarter. The exam covers Upper Division undergraduate physics, and students are expected to pass the exam by the end of their second year.

After beginning their research, students prepare for the  Qualifying Examination , which should be taken during the third year of graduate school.This exam consists of a research talk by the student and a question session. Questions often emphasize the candidate's broad field of specialization but can address any area. After the student passes the oral exam, the only remaining requirement is the dissertation itself.

Typical time for completion of the Ph.D. degree is five to seven years, although we see times outside range in both directions. The duration depends on the student's preparation, the research area, and how fully the student devotes him/herself to the work. Events outside the student's control can also have significant influence, from the weather during scheduled telescope time to problems with a particle accelerator.

Students making good progress towards their degrees usually have  funding  through teaching, research, or  fellowship  positions for their entire time in graduate school.

This  timeline  outlines the expected progress.

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Take your physics degree online

On this page:, available asu online physics degrees, physics bachelor of arts.

This online physics degree offers a science-oriented liberal education on a broad range of physical phenomena. You’ll learn the fundamental concepts of matter and energy, which are foundational to most branches of science.

The BA degree is a great option for students who are pursuing a BA already or those who would like to teach secondary education.  

Second Language

Students are required to take a second language for the BA degree. Learn how to complete the language requirement by visiting The College Second Language Proficiency Requirement site. 

Take a language placement exam to determine which course is right for you:

French Placement    German Placement    Italian Placement   Spanish Placement 

Major Map 

Physics Bachelor of Science 

The physics BS degree is best suited for students who wish to pursue a graduate program in physics or careers in which knowledge of advanced classical and quantum mechanics is required. With the right preparation you'll have opportunities in higher education, research, engineering, finance, patent law, secondary education, and beyond. 

Science and Society

Students must complete this college requirement for the BS. To complete the requirement 6 credits must be taken, 3 of which need to be upper division (300-499).

Science and Society Course Lists

Biophysics Bachelor of Science*

The biophysics BS degree was designed for students that wish to understand biological systems using the methods and theories of physics. This program is suited for students that want to pursue graduate study in a natural science or for those preparing for medical school.

*Some upper division PHY courses are still in development. Classes will begin to rollout Spring 2024 with the last course launching Spring 2025. 

When are online courses available?

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Gain Experience

Undergraduate Research 

Not sure where to start? Students can begin their journey by enrolling in PHY 194: Foundations of Undergraduate Research.

  Learn more about PHY 194: Foundations of Undergraduate Research

Continue your experience in The College Online Undergraduate Research Scholars program. Learn more about how you can participate by visiting the OURS website . 

Looking for face-to-face opportunities? Conduct research in-person by completing a Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) . 

Career Services 

With a degree in physics students have unlimited opportunities for employment. Have questions regarding what path you should take? Need advice on creating a resume? Want general career information? Sign-up for Handshake and schedule an appointment to speak with a career advisor. 

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Physics, PhD

Doctor of philosophy (phd).

Program Delivery

Total Credits

About the Program Focus of Study Program Requirements Program Coursework Admissions

About the Program

The Physics Department offers a PhD program in Applied Science with a specialization in Physics.

We have access to over 10,000 square feet of research lab space and over $6,000,000 worth of lab equipment .

Both experimental and theoretical studies are supported by external and internal grants and scholarships.

Focus of Study

Our PhD program offers students unique opportunities to carry out work and research at the forefront of both Theoretical and Experimental Physics in the following areas:

• Solid State and Quantum Physics
• Fundamental Magnetism, Spintronics, and Magnetic Devices
• Nanotechnology and plasmonics
• Liquid Crystals and applications
• Bio-Physics
• Nonlinear physics and chaos

For a summary of our department's primary research interests and programs, please visit the  Research page .

Degree Requirements

The student must complete a minimum of 66 hours of coursework and dissertation. This includes:

A minimum of 36 hours of course work with GPA above 3.0

• 21 hours of Core courses
• 15 hours of Specialization, Elective or Interdisciplinary courses

A minimum of 30 hours of dissertation work, pass the comprehensive exam, and complete and successfully defend the dissertation.

More details can be found in our PhD handbook but some key points about the dissertation are noted here.

• By the time students have successfully completed the coursework requirements of the PhD program, they must identify a dissertation adviser who agrees to supervise their research work. Students should enroll in dissertation hours with their adviser and to do so should ask the Physics Program Assistant for an enrollment code. Students who do not identify a willing dissertation adviser must exit the program with a Masters degree, if all the MS requirements have been met, after giving an exit talk.
• After taking 9-12 dissertation credit hours, students must complete the Comprehensive Exam . This is administered by the dissertation advisory committee to determine if the dissertation topic is appropriate, and if the student is adequately prepared for work on the dissertation. Students refusing to take the comprehensive exam when asked by Physics faculty member(s) may have a hold placed on their enrollment until it is completed.
• To complete the dissertation, it is expected that a student must make a significant new scientific contribution . Several first-author peer-reviewed publications would normally be expected. Note that publications which are not subjected to peer review may not counted as part of a “significant scientific contribution.” Students and dissertation advisers are encouraged to communicate clearly with each other about the expectations and scope of work.
• After the dissertation has been accepted by the dissertation advisor, a final oral dissertation defense examination will be conducted by the dissertation advisory committee. The dissertation committee will contain physics faculty plus one outside member of the graduate faculty (from another department or another university). The dissertation adviser will be in charge of choosing the committee. A complete version of the dissertation should be sent at least a week before the scheduled oral defense.

Program Coursework

For details on program coursework, please visit the Academic Catalog .

The current and anticipated course schedules can be found here .

Admission Requirements

All applicants at a minimum requirement must:

•  Hold a baccalaureate degree in biological sciences, mathematics, physics or equivalents from an accredited college or university and have an appropriate background of undergraduate physics courses
•  Have an undergraduate GPA of at least 3.00 ("A" is equivalent to 4.0)
•  Submit 1 Official Transcript of all previous graduate and undergraduate work.
•  Provide three letters of recommendation, all past university transcripts and fill out an application form
•  Submit 1 goal statement
•  Have interests that fit with our department's research directions

Promising students who do not meet all of the requirements may be considered as provisional applicants. Provisional status may be removed when the student fulfills all the requirements set out by the Physics Department when they were admitted. Students admitted provisionally should work with the Physics graduate adviser to ensure they have all the coursework preparation needed before undertaking graduate-level classes.

• Students with international transcripts must take the Physics GRE exam. A minimum score for regular admission is in the range of 520-550.
• Applicants for whom English is a second language must complete the TOEFL exam with a minimum score of 560 (paper-based exam) or 83 (internet-based exam) or 220 (internet-based exam). A band score of 6.5 on the IELTS is also acceptable. If the student has successfully completed one year of full-time academic study at a U.S. institution, this requirement can be waived. An oral interview with Physics faculty may also be required as proof of English proficiency, as the department sees fit.
• Applicants who already hold a Masters degree in Physics should discuss their application with a potential faculty research adviser in advance, and mention these discussions in their goal statement.

Satisfying these minimum requirements does not guarantee admission to our program.

For information about the graduate program, current and prospective students should contact Graduate Co-Adviser Prof. Robert Camley at [email protected] (Effective from 01/01/2021 please also contact Kristen Petersen at [email protected] ).

For more information regarding the application process, please visit the UCCS Graduate School website and our Handbook .

Electrical Engineering PhD

The Electrical Engineering PhD program studies systems that sense, analyze, and interact with the world. You will learn how this practice is based on fundamental science and mathematics, creating opportunities for both theoretical and experimental research. Electrical engineers invent devices for sensing and actuation, designing physical substrates for computation, creating algorithms for analysis and control, and expanding the theory of information processing. You will get to choose from a wide range of research areas such as circuits and VLSI, computer engineering and architecture, robotics and control, and signal processing.

Electrical engineers at SEAS are pursuing work on integrated circuits for cellular biotechnology, millimeter-scale robots, and the optimization of smart power groups. Examples of projects current and past students have worked on include developing methods to trace methane emissions and improving models for hurricane predictions.

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PhD in Electrical Engineering Degree

Harvard School of Engineering offers a  Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)  degree in Engineering Sciences: Electrical Engineering , conferred through the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Harvard Griffin GSAS). Prospective students apply through the Harvard Griffin GSAS. In the online application, select  “Engineering and Applied Sciences” as your program choice and select " PhD Engineering Sciences: Electrical Engineering ​."

The Electrical Engineering program does not offer an independent Masters Degree.

Electrical Engineering PhD Career Paths

Graduates of the program have gone on to a range of careers in industry in companies such as Tesla, Microsoft HoloLens, and IBM. Others have positions in academia at the University of Maryland, University of Michigan, and University of Colorado.

Admissions & Academic Requirements

Prospective students apply through the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Harvard Griffin GSAS). In the online application, select  “Engineering and Applied Sciences” as your program choice and select "PhD Engineering Sciences: Electrical Engineering​." Please review the  admissions requirements and other information  before applying. Our website also provides  admissions guidance ,   program-specific requirements , and a  PhD program academic timeline .

Academic Background

Applicants typically have bachelor’s degrees in the natural sciences, mathematics, computer science, or engineering. In the application for admission, select “Engineering and Applied Sciences” as your degree program choice and your degree and area of interest from the “Area of Study“ drop-down. PhD applicants must complete the Supplemental SEAS Application Form as part of the online application process.

Standardized Tests

GRE General: Not Accepted

Electrical Engineering Faculty & Research Areas

View a list of our electrical engineering  faculty  and electrical engineering  affiliated research areas , Please note that faculty members listed as “Affiliates" or "Lecturers" cannot serve as the primary research advisor.  

Electrical Engineering Centers & Initiatives

View a list of the research  centers & initiatives  at SEAS and the  electrical engineering faculty engagement with these entities .

Graduate Student Clubs

Graduate student clubs and organizations bring students together to share topics of mutual interest. These clubs often serve as an important adjunct to course work by sponsoring social events and lectures. Graduate student clubs are supported by the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin School of Arts and Sciences. Explore the list of active clubs and organizations .

Funding and Scholarship

Learn more about financial support for PhD students.

• How to Apply

Learn more about how to apply  or review frequently asked questions for prospective graduate students.

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Eastern University Launches Fully Online PhD in Professional Practice

Eastern University is now offering a  PhD in Professional Practice , designed to provide experienced professionals from diverse career paths an opportunity to carefully examine and thoughtfully assess the outcomes and professional contributions of their careers. 

The degree program is 100 percent online and can be completed in three to five years at the affordable cost of $450 per credit, totaling only $27,360 for the entire program.

Students with a Theology degree may also qualify for Advanced Standing and a lighter credit requirement. The program offers individualized mentorship from a Doctoral Supervisor, leading students on an intellectually stimulating path that is personalized toward their own professional goals and personal development.

Housed within Eastern’s Palmer College , this unique program focuses on the scholarly analysis of work within current theoretical and theological frameworks, industry best practices, vocational understanding of professional practice, and theological reflection. The combination and integration of theoretical knowledge and practical expertise allow students to dive deeper into sectors that demand a strong sense of purpose. 

“Beyond the confines of professional disciplines, the PhD in Professional Practice is a celebration of your cultivated wisdom and the legacy you’re destined to leave,” said Wynand de Kock , Program Director. “Specifically designed for seasoned professionals at the pinnacle of their careers, it invites individuals who aspire to transcend their current professional boundaries and leave an indelible mark on their respective fields.”

A PhD in Professional Practice opens doors to diverse careers, including senior practitioner roles, consulting positions, academic research opportunities, teaching positions, leadership roles, and more. 

Learn more about Eastern’s  PhD in Professional Practice at Eastern University. Eastern University is a Christian university enrolling approximately 7,500 students in its undergraduate, graduate, and seminary programs.