how to cite conference presentation ama

• Joyner Library
• Laupus Health Sciences Library
• Music Library
• Digital Collections
• Special Collections
• North Carolina Collection
• Teaching Resources
• The ScholarShip Institutional Repository
• Country Doctor Museum

AMA Citation Style 11th Edition Guide

• 10th vs. 11th AMA Editions
• In-Text Citation/Reference List
• Book With Author/Editor
• Chapter in Book
• Electronic Books
• Journal articles
• Pre-Print/Repository
• Common Drug/Medical Databases
• Clinical Trial Registries
• Package Inserts
• Government Publications
• Social Media
• Software packages/Data sets
• Thesis and Dissertation
• Conference Proceedings
• Getting Help

Conference Proceedings in AMA

Unpublished/online oral conference proceedings/presentation.

From Ch 3.13..9.1 of AMA Manual 11th edition: These oral or poster presentations take the following form:

1. Pasternak B. Carvedilol vs metoprolol succinate and risk of mortality in patients with heart failure: national cohort study. Paper presented at: European Society of Cardiology Congress; August 31, 2014; Barcelona, Spain.

2. Minocchieri S, Berry CA, Pillow J. Nebulized surfactant for treatment of respiratory distress in the first hours of life: the CureNeb study. Abstract presented at: Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Society; May 6, 2013; Washington, DC. Session 3500.

3. Nevidomskyte D, Meissner MH, Tran N, Murray S, Farrokhi E. Influence of gender on abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the community. Poster presented at: Vascular Annual Meeting; June 5-7, 2014; Boston, MA.

Online Conferences, Webinars, and Other Presentations.

From Ch 3.13.8 of the AMA Manual of Style 11th Edition.

"These are treated much the same as a “presented at” reference (see  3.13.9 , Special Materials, Meeting Presentations and Other Unpublished Material), with the addition of the accessed date and the URL."

1. Morales M, Zhou X. Health practices of immigrant women: indigenous knowledge in an urban environment. Paper presented at: 78th Association for Information Science and Technology Annual Meeting; November 6-10, 2015; St Louis, MO. Accessed March 15, 2016.  https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2857070.2857108

2. Botkin J, Menikoff J. Opening remarks presented at: Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Human Research Protections Meeting; December 4, 2015; Rockville, MD.  http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/sachrp/mtgings/2015%20Dec%20Mtg/december3-4,2015sachrpmeeting.html . Accessed March 15, 2016. Videocast available at:  https://videocast.nih.gov/

The presentation in example 2 did not have a title; hence, the “title” field and the “presented at” field were combined. In addition, a webcast of the meeting is available for the presentation in example 2, and that information is also included in the reference. See example 3 below for how to cite a videocast.

3. Labor, Health and Human Services Subcommittee Hearing. National Institutes of Health: Investing in a Healthier Future. October 7, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016. Videocast available at:  http://www.appropriations.senate.gov/hearings/labor-hhs-subcommittee-hearing-national-institutes-of-health-investing-in-a-healthier-future

A transcript from a teleconference is cited as follows:

4. Volkow N, Botticelli M, Johnston LD, Miech RA. Monitoring the Future: Teleconference 2015. December 16, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016. Transcript available at:  https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/podcasts/2015/12/monitoring-future-teleconference-2015#content-area

A webinar is cited as follows:

5. Gunn E, Kendall-Taylor J, Vandenburg B. Taking author instructions to the next level. Council of Science Editors webinar. September 10, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016.  http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/resource-library/past-presentationswebinars/past-webinars/2015-webinar-3-taking-author-instructions-to-the-next-level/

Published Conference Proceedings

Once these presentations are published, they take the form of reference to a book, journal, or other medium in which they are ultimately published, as in example 5 (which was published as a book) (see  3.12.1 , References to Books, Complete Data, and  3.11.1 , References to Journal Articles, Complete Data):

4. Huang G-M, Huang K-Y, Lee T-Y, Tzu-Ya Weng J. An interpretable rule-based diagnostic classification of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetes patients.  BMC Bioinformatics.  2015;16(suppl 1):S5. Selected articles from the Thirteenth Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Conference (APBC 2015). doi:10.1186/1471-2105-16-S1-S5

In example 4, (which was published as a journal article) the entire journal supplement is dedicated to publishing articles from a meeting.

5. Resnick ML. The effect of affect: decision making in the emotional context of health care. In:  Proceedings of the 2012 Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care: Bridging the Gap . Human Factors and Ergonomics Society; 2012:39-44.

• << Previous: Thesis and Dissertation
• Next: Getting Help >>
• Last Updated: Mar 20, 2023 8:11 AM
• URL: https://libguides.ecu.edu/ama11

The Library Is Open

The Wallace building is now open to the public. More information on services available.

• RIT Libraries
• How to AMA Cite
• Posters, presentations

The 11th edition of the AMA Manual of style was created by the American Medical Association for the health, medical and scientific fields. This is a quick visual guide only. You must consult Chapter 3 in the online AMA manual for detailed explanations.

• In-text citing with superscripts
• Reference List Format
• Online Journal format
• More than 6 authors format
• Entire Book format
• Book Chapter format
• Citing Websites
• Govt report, social media, personal communications, etc.
• Package Inserts

Presentations

For further information go to ama manual 3.13.9 meeting presentations and other unpublished material..

References to unpublished material may include articles or abstracts that have been presented at a society meeting and published as part of the meeting proceedings or materials.

3.13.9.1 Items Presented at a Meeting.

UPDATE:  Guidance has been added to chapter  3.13.9.1 , Items Presented at a Meeting, to provide an example of how to cite materials from a virtual or hybrid meeting. This addition was made  May 26, 2022 .

Oral or poster presentations follow these formats. Note that example 4 is a virtual meeting. Hybrid meetings can list the location, the meeting URL, both, or neither depending on what information is available and how the author viewed the content.

1.  Pasternak B. Carvedilol vs metoprolol succinate and risk of mortality in patients with heart failure: national cohort study. Paper presented at: European Society of Cardiology Congress; August 31, 2014; Barcelona, Spain.

2.  Minocchieri S, Berry CA, Pillow J. Nebulized surfactant for treatment of respiratory distress in the first hours of life: the CureNeb study. Abstract presented at: Annual Meeting of the Pediatric Academic Society; May 6, 2013; Washington, DC. Session 3500.

3.  Nevidomskyte D, Meissner MH, Tran N, Murray S, Farrokhi E. Influence of gender on abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in the community. Poster presented at: Vascular Annual Meeting; June 5-7, 2014; Boston, MA.

4.  McNamee JJ, Gillies MA, Barrett NA, et al; for the REST Investigators. The REST Trial: ultra-low tidal volume ventilation & extracorporeal CO2 removal. Presented at: Critical Care Reviews; October 4, 2021.  https://criticalcarereviews.com/meetings/eccr21

Once these presentations are published, they take the form of reference to a book, journal, or other medium in which they are ultimately published, as in example 5 (see  3.12.1 , References to Books, Complete Data, and  3.11.1 , References to Journal Articles, Complete Data):

4.  Huang G-M, Huang K-Y, Lee T-Y, Tzu-Ya Weng J. An interpretable rule-based diagnostic classification of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetes patients.  BMC Bioinformatics.  2015;16(suppl 1):S5. Selected articles from the Thirteenth Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Conference (APBC 2015). doi:10.1186/1471-2105-16-S1-S5

In example 4, the entire journal supplement is dedicated to publishing articles from a meeting.

5.  Resnick ML. The effect of affect: decision making in the emotional context of health care. In:  Proceedings of the 2012 Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care: Bridging the Gap . Human Factors and Ergonomics Society; 2012:39-44.

• << Previous: Package Inserts

Edit this Guide

Log into Dashboard

Use of RIT resources is reserved for current RIT students, faculty and staff for academic and teaching purposes only. Please contact your librarian with any questions.

Help is Available

Email a Librarian

A librarian is available by e-mail at [email protected]

Meet with a Librarian

Call reference desk voicemail.

A librarian is available by phone at (585) 475-2563 or on Skype at llll

Or, call (585) 475-2563 to leave a voicemail with the reference desk during normal business hours .

Chat with a Librarian

How to ama cite infoguide url.

https://infoguides.rit.edu/amatips

Use the box below to email yourself a link to this guide

AMA 11th Referencing Guide

• AMA: Getting Started
• Authors - numbers, rules and formatting
• Boxes, Tables and Figures
• Sample reference list
• Journal article
• Cochrane Review
• Conference paper

Conference papers, webinars, etc

• Book chapter
• Pharmacopoeia, encyclopedia & dictionary entries
• Lecture notes and class handouts
• Pharmacopoeia, encyclopedia & dictionary entries
• ABS and AIHW
• Drug Databases, etc
• Images, figures, tables
• Legislation
• Software and AI
• Personal communication
• Long quote?
• I need to use page numbers?
• There is more than one author
• The article is "in press"?
• I don't know the journal abbreviation?
• The URL is really long. Can I shorten it?
• No volume or issue number?
• Other Guides
• AMA and EndNote
• Help and Training

AMA Manual of Style 11th ed.

• Conference Proceedings 3.13.8 Conference proceedings online, webinars, and other presentations
• Meeting presentations and other unpublished material 3.13.9 Meeting presentations and other unpublished material

Standard conference paper pattern:

Pay close attention to the punctuation use in these examples – including case, italics, the order of dates and spaces.

Author AA, Author BB. Title of paper. Type of presentation presented at: Name of the Conference. Date of conference; Year; City, Country or State Abbreviation. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL. Vidocast/Transcript/Abstract available at: URL

Papers presented at a conference, symposium or meeting, unpublished or only available from the conference website

Maddox S, Hurling J, Stewart E, Edwards A. If mama ain't happy, nobody's happy: the effect of parental depression on mood dysregulation in children. Paper presented at: Southeastern Psychologica Association 62nd Annual Meeting; March 30-April 2, 2016; New Orleans, LA.

Pearson J. Fat talk and its effects on state-based body image in women. Poster presented at: Australian Psychological Society Congress; September 21-30, 2018; Sydney, Australia.

Baydorova I, Collins H, Ait Saadi, I. Matching student and supervisor expectations in Malaysian doctoral education. Paper presented at: Australian Association for Research in Education Conference; November 26-30, 2017; Canberra, Australia. Abstract available at: https://www.aare.edu.au/publications/aare-conference-papers/show/13007/matching-student-and-supervisor-expectations-in-malaysian-doctoral-education

Published papers

Papers from conferences, symposia and meetings are usually published as part of a special issue of a journal, as a monograph (book) of the conference proceedings, or as a document on a website. Once a presentations is published, use the pattern for the book, journal, or other medium in which they are published.

Morgan R, Meldrum K, Bryan S, et al. Embedding digital literacies in curricula: Australian and Malaysian experiences. In: Teh GB, Choy SC, eds. Empowering 21st Century Learners Through Holistic and Enterprising Learning: Selected Papers from Tunku Abdul Rahman University College International Conference 2016 . Springer Singapore; 2017:11-19.

Huang G-M, Huang K-Y, Lee T-Y, Tzu-Ya Weng J. An interpretable rule-based diagnostic classification of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetes patients. BMC Bioinformatics. 2015;16(suppl 1):S5. Selected articles from the Thirteenth Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Conference (APBC 2015). doi:10.1186/1471-2105-16-S1-S5

(Example 5 shows an article from a special issue of the journal that has been entirely dedicated to publishing papers from the conference). 

Online conferences and webinars

• Gunn E, Kendall-Taylor J, Vandenburg B. Taking author instructions to the next level. Council of Science Editors webinar. September 10, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016. http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/resource-library/past-presentationswebinars/past-webinars/2015-webinar-3-taking-author-instructions-to-the-next-level/
• << Previous: Cochrane Review
• Next: Books >>
• Last Updated: Apr 19, 2024 4:02 PM
• URL: https://libguides.jcu.edu.au/ama

• USC Libraries
• Research Guides
• Health Sciences

AMA Style (11th ed): Citing Your Sources

• Reference List
• References Within Your Paper
• Manuscript styling
• Videos and tutorials

Basic rules for all AMA citations

Anonymous works:

If there is no named author, follow the citation style for the item, and omit the author name field.  If the item is really authored by a person going by the name Anonymous, use the word "Anonymous" as if it were a complete name of the author, and then use the appropriate style.

Author names in all references:

For materials with 1-6 authors or editors, list all author or editor names.

For materials with 7 or more authors or editors, list the first three, then abbreviate with et al. 

Capitalization of titles in reference list:

For journal article titles and book chapters: capitalize the first letter of the first word, proper names, names of trials or study groups, and abbreviations. For titles of books and government documents, capitalize the first letter of each major word, but not articles, prepositions of less than 3 letters, conjunctions, or infinitives.

(note: No guidance is provided regarding capitalization for titles of conference materials, titles of journals, or other titles used in AMA citations.)

Titles of journals :

Use PubMed journal abbreviations. You can find these by using the citing tool within PubMed, or search the NLM Catalog for journal titles to locate the preferred abbreviation. If no abbreviation is found in PubMed or the NLM Catalog, consult section 13.10 of the AMA Manual of Style for standard abbreviations for individual words used in a title.

Non-scholarly or non-peer-reviewed materials appearing in journals (editorials, letters to the editor, comments, interviews, etc.):

Unlike prior editions of AMA style, the 11th edition has removed the suggestion to indicate special types of materials within journals. Cite all materials published in journals using the article style.

Use of Artificial Intelligence (A.I.):

"Nonhuman artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies cannot be listed as authors because these technologies do not qualify for authorship." (quotation from AMA Manual, section 5.1.12). According to a strict reading of the Manual, AI programs should never appear in a reference list as an author or creator of content. Instead, AMA suggest that writers place an acknowledgement into the acknowledgement section of the manuscript or describe how AI was used in the Methods section of the manuscript. The primary goal of the AMA Manual of Style is to share the official JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association) guidance for formatting manuscripts for JAMA, so this is helpful in this context. However, it is difficult to put into place in coursework, where assignments typically do not include either an acknowledgements or Methods section. When writing for a class, review  the syllabus or  speak with the faculty member to determine if you are allowed to use AI tools, then use the guidance on this page to appropriately describe use of AI in your written assignments.

How to cite information when there is no guidance on this website:

This website attempts to summarize over 500 pages of content from the AMA Manual and cannot cover all. Read the AMA Manual of Style, section 3, to find guidance for citing many other types of publications. If there is no guidance in the Manual on your specific type of publication-- which there may be, the Manual does not include everything-- adapt an existing AMA citation style.

General format: Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of article. Abbreviated Title of Journal. Year of publication;volume(issue):complete page numbers or e-locator. DOI (if not provided, omit and replace with an accessed date and a URL)

Note that there is no period at the end of the DOI or URL in online journal article citations.

Print journal article:

Towfighi A, Markovic D, Ovbiagele B. Utility of Framingham coronary disease risk score for predicting cardiac risk after stroke.  Stroke. 2012;43(11):2942-2947.

Journal article viewed online with DOI available:

Towfighi A, Markovic D, Ovbiagele B. Utility of Framingham coronary disease risk score for predicting cardiac risk after stroke. Stroke . 2012;43(11):2942-2947. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.668319

Journal article viewed online, but the journal does not use DOI:

Ng L, Karunasinghe N, Benjamin CS, Ferguson LR. Beyond PSA: are new prostate cancer biomarkers of potential value to New Zealand doctors? N Z Med J. 2012;125(1353). Accessed April 15, 2020. https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal-articles/beyond-psa-are-new-prostate-cancer-biomarkers-of-potential-value-to-new-zealand-doctors/

Artificial Intelligence (A.I.)

"Nonhuman artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies cannot be listed as authors because these technologies do not qualify for authorship." (quotation from AMA Manual, section 5.1.12). No AI programs should ever appear in the numbered reference list. AMA suggests that writers place an acknowledgement into the acknowledgement section of the manuscript or describe how AI was used in the Methods section of the manuscript. This advice is difficult to put into place in coursework, where assignments typically do not include either an acknowledgements or Methods section. When writing for a class, review  the syllabus or  speak with the faculty member to determine if you are allowed to use AI tools, then use this guide to get ideas for how to acknowledge the source.

"Section 5.2.1.1 Acknowledgment of Use of Artificial Intelligence and Language Models in Writing and Editing

Authors should report the use of artificial intelligence, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies to create content or assist with writing or editing of manuscripts in the Acknowledgment section or the Methods section if this is part of formal research design or methods. This should include a description of the content that was created or edited and the name of the language model or tool, version and extension numbers, and manufacturer. (Note: this does not include basic tools for checking grammar, spelling, references, etc.)."

Strict interpretation of this for publication in a journal:

In 1-5 sentences, describe what you used AI to do in the manuscript, with enough information to explain the actual model used. Place this in the Methods section if the AI content was important to the methods. Otherwise, place in the Acknowledgements section. The AMA Manual does not provide any examples. Here are two examples created by a USC librarian that attempt to fulfill the AMA rules:

"On August 3, 2023, I used AI to summarize five research papers, to help me determine which idea was least studied and focus my topics for this essay. I used ChatGPT, model 3.5, made by OpenAI, hosted at https://chat.openai.com/."

"I used Bard, release 2023.07.13, made by Google and hosted at https://bard.google.com/, to edit my manuscript. I uploaded my original writing and asked Bard to reduce the word count and make the language more formal. I also used Bard to determine which of the data points I had collected would be the most useful for including as figures, and used its advice to create figure 1 and table 2."

Potential ways to acknowledge use of AI tools in a written document for a course:

There is no guidance on this from the AMA Manual. As typical with this style, when no guidance exists, try to follow the basic rules of the style while respecting the underlying goal of any citation system: to acknowledge the use of other's ideas, thoughts, and opinions. While AI might not be a person, it’s still not you, so its ideas and work needs to be acknowledged. Based  on this, here are some options that might work:

- While your assignment may not require you to include a formal Methods section, you could decide to include one anyway. You could describe all the methods used to create this assignment: searching for literature, using modeling software, collaboratively editing with a colleague, etc., alongside how you used AI, and which model you used.

- Add a few sentences about your use of AI and the model (as recommended by AMA) into another section of the assignment. If you used AI to generate ideas, perhaps this acknowledge would fit into the introduction. If you used AI to edit the paper, this might be acknowledged in the conclusion. 

- AMA style requires a numbered reference list. You could add an unnumbered bullet point to the start or end of your reference list that acknowledges the use(s) of AI in your assignment and provides the model number as instructed by AMA.

Books and chapters

General format: Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of book . Edition number (if beyond first). Publisher name; year of publication. To indicate online access, add the word Accessed and the date you accessed the item, then the URL.

While some books and book chapters may have assigned DOIs, book citations do not include DOIs, only URLs and accessed dates. If a book has editors instead of or in addition to authors, their names are indicated with "eds." after the author field names.

Print book:

Wasserman K, Hansen JE, Sue DY, et al . Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications . 5th ed. Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott William and Wilkins; 2012. 

Entire edited print book:

Alldredge BK, Corelli RL, Ernst ME, et al., eds. Koda-Kimble and Young’s Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs. 10th ed. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2013.

Chapter within an edited book in print:

Relling MV, Giacomini KM. Pharmacogenomics. In: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC, eds. Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics . 12th ed.  McGraw-Hill; 2011: 145-168.

Book viewed online:

Suchmacher M, Geller M. Practical Biostatistics. Elsevier; 2012. Accessed November 5, 2012. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780124157941

Edited book viewed online :

Brunton LL, Blumenthal DK, Murri N, Hilal-Danden R, Knollmann BC, eds. Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics . 12th ed. McGraw-Hill; 2011. Accessed November 4, 2012. https://www.accesspharmacy.com/resourceToc.aspx?resourceID=28

Chapter within an edited book viewed online:

Relling MV, Giacomini KM. Chapter 7. Pharmacogenomics. In : Brunton LL, Blumenthal DK, Murri N, Hilal-Danden R, Knollmann BC, eds. Goodman and Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics . 12th ed. McGraw-Hill; 2011. Accessed October 4, 2012. https://www.accesspharmacy.com/content.aspx?aID=16659580

Conference presentations

If materials presented at a conference are published elsewhere as a book, issue of a journal, or other medium, AMA instructs you to cite them using that reference style. Only use this style for materials not formally published as part of another publication.

General format: Author AA, Author BB, Author CC. Title of poster.  Poster presented at: Name of conference; Month, Day Year; City, State abbreviation.

Pasternak B. Carvedilol vs metoprolol succinate and risk of mortality in patients with heart failure: national cohort study. Paper presented at: European Society of Cardiology Congress; August 31, 2014; Barcelona, Spain. Morales M, Zhou X. Health practices of immigrant women: indigenous knowledge in an urban environment. Paper presented at: 78th Association for Information Science and Technology Annual Meeting; November 6-10, 2015; St Louis, MO. Accessed March 15, 2016. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2857070.2857108

• If the conference is held outside the US, replace "City, State" with City, Country.
• The manual instructs you to use this to cite any type of presentation occurring at a conference, using any special name the conference chose to use. To cite a poster, a presentation, a keynote address, a panel, a lecture, etc., replace the word 'paper' in the phrase  "Paper presented at."
• Add the Accessed date and the DOI (preferred) or the accessed date and URL (if DOI not available) for materials you viewed online.

Government or agency reports

3.13.2 Special Materials: Government or Agency Reports provides this format for citing reports issued by a department or agency of a government.

(1) name of author (if given); (2) title of bulletin in italics; (3) name of issuing bureau, agency, department, or other governmental division; (4) date of publication; (5) page numbers (if specified); (6) publication number (if any); (7) series number (if given); (8) online accessed date (if applicable); and (9) web address (if applicable).

3.15.5 Electronic References:Government/Organization Reports provides this guidance for citing Government/Organization reports: "These reports are treated much like electronic journal and book references: use journal style for articles and book style for monographs."

• There is no guidance provided in the Manual for how to differentiate between "reports issued by a department or agency of a government" or a "government/organization report," and so there is no way to determine which of these is "more correct." Be consistent in your choices for citation in your document and within content: if you cite two articles from MMWR, use the same style for each.
• While some online-issued government reports include DOIs, AMA style requires the accessed date and URL.
• The example in the Manual for Government or Agency Reports includes semicolons between each field; the worked examples in the Manual show semicolons, colons, periods, and commas between fields, and there is no explanation for how or why to use each diacritical mark.. In creating examples, the diacritical marks used in the Manual were used as guides.

MMRW is a journal that publishes reports from the US CDC. Based on the rules of AMA Style, you could choose to cite reports from MMWR as a Government Report or a Journal Article. Here is the same report in both styles:

Selik RM, Mokotoff ED, Branson B, Owen SM, Whitmore S, Hall HI. Revised Surveillance Case Definition for HIV Infection- United States, 2014 . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2014;1-11: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Accessed January 5, 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr6303.pdf

Selik RM, Mokotoff ED, Branson B, Owen SM, Whitmore S, Hall HI. Revised Surveillance Case Definition for HIV Infection- United States, 2014. MMWR. 2014;63(3):1-11. Accessed January 5, 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr6303.pdf

The Government Accountability Office is a federal office charged with assessing the function of federal government. They publish reports in the form of monographs. Based on the rules of AMA Style, you could choose to cite reports from this office as a Government Report or Monograph style:

Covid-19:Federal Efforts Could be Strengthened by Timely and Concerted Actions . United States Government Accountability Office. September 21, 2020. GAO-20-701. Accessed January 5, 2021. https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/709934.pdf

United States Government Accountability Office. Covid-19:Federal Efforts Could be Strengthened by Timely and Concerted Actions. Government Publication Office; 2020. Accessed January 5, 2021. https://www.gao.gov/assets/710/709934.pdf

In citing data from a website, include the following elements, if available, in the order shown:

■ Authors’ surnames and initials, if given, or name of the group who made the site

■ Title of the specific item cited. If none is given, use the name of the organization responsible for the site.

■ Name of the website

■ [Date published]

■ Updated [date]

■ Accessed [date]

■ URL (verify that the link still works as close as possible to publication)

There is no guidance in the Manual on how to separate elements (using periods, commas, semicolons, etc.); the example above is directly copied from the Manual. The examples below use the diacritical marks as shown in one example in the Manual, separating each field with a period.

Warfarin. Drug Information Online: Drugs.com. September 1, 2012. Updated January 23, 2020. Accessed April 15, 2020. https://www.drugs.com/cons/warfarin.html

DrugBank Online. Acetaminophen. DrugBank Online. June 13, 2005. Updated January 5, 2021. Accessed January 5, 2021. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00316

Additional citation types

Package insert s and prescribing information

Name of drug. Type of material. Company Name; year of publication. To indicate online access, add the accessed date and URL.

Lamasil. Package insert. Sandoz Pharmaceutics Corporation; 1993.

Lovenox. Prescribing information. s anofi - aventis U.S. LLC. Accessed April 15, 2020. https://products.sanofi.us/Lovenox/Lovenox.pdf

Drug Monographs . AMA style does not provide rules for citing drug monographs. These are suggested by the Norris Library and were created by adapting the book and website styles, as these contain similar pieces of information.

Print drug monographs

Author AA. Title of monograph being cited . Editor AA, ed. Title of book . Edition (if beyond first). Publisher name; year of publication.

Online drug monographs

Title of monograph. Title of book of monographs . Title of compendia where book is found (only include if different than book title). Pub lished date. Updated date. Accessed date. URL

Lisinopril. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug I nformation 2014 . American Society of Health - System Pharmacists, Inc.; 2014.

Lisinopril. AHFS DI (Adult and Pediatric) . Lexicomp. Updated March 11, 2016. Accessed May 11, 2016. https://online.lexi.com/lco/action/doc/retrieve/docid /complete_ashp /414040

Inventor names, inventor; assignee company, assignee. Title of patent. Patent issued agency and number. Date patent was grant ed.

Abram AZ, Fuchsuber L, inventors; Stiefel Research Australia, assignee. Foamable suspension gel. US Patent 8,158,109. April 17, 2012.

Note: this example is for a patent that was granted by the US Patent Office. To cite a patent issued by a different patent office, use this same style but replace the words "US Patent" with the issuing body: WIPO Patent.   You may instead need to cite a patent application. Use the same style, but replace the words "US Patent" with "US Patent Application."

Personal communications:

AMA Style states that personal communications such as phone calls, emails, conversations, etc. are not included in the reference list. However, you should cite these materials parenthetically within the text. Provide the name and highest academic degree of the author, type of communication, and date sent. If this would compromise patient anonymity, replace the name with a title and remove the day of communication.

Individuals on this new experimental drug should not take aspirin. (Sara P. Norris, M.D., email communication, November 3, 2012.)

For all five patients I have seen with this rare disorder, I have prescribed Interferon. (Physician at LAC + USC Healthcare Network, phone call, October 2012).

Common questions about AMA

What is a DOI?:

A DOI is a Digital Object Identifier. It is a series of letters and numbers that identifies a specific online item. Depending on the publisher, DOIs may be registered through international clearinghouses and function as web links or may not. AMA style allows you to choose to display DOIs in references in two ways, with or without the https://.  doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13737 and  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.13737 are both acceptable, and used interchangeably throughout the Manual when a DOI is included in a reference. When you discuss a DOI in writing, capital letters are used to denote that this is an abbreviation. When using a DOI in a citation, AMA Style requires all lowercase: doi.

Including words/phrases like "Paper presented at", "Date Accessed," "Date Updated," etc. in the citations: AMA Style sometimes requires the use of these "helper phrases" in the reference; in other cases, they are used in examples to show you where to place the information and will be deleted in your final completed citation. AMA Style is not particularly consistent nor logical in its choices to include or exclude "helper phrases" in citations. Examine both the example citation format and the worked examples citing a specific item to determine what to include.

Use Online or Print style?

AMA Style requires you to cite the version of an item you read. An article might be available online and in a print journal. If you read the online copy, cite it using the online citation format. If you read the print item, use the print format.

The URL is incredibly long-- do I need to include the whole thing? AMA Style's main preference is for you to include the entire and functional URL. However, if a URL is very long and breaks across lines, you may remove portions of the lengthy URL as long as the reader would reasonably be able to access the item from the short URL and information from the citation itself.

Here is an example of when and how to edit URLs:

is a citation to a drug monograph appearing in the book AHFS DI (Adult and Pediatric) available on the online database Lexicomp. The URL provided by Lexicomp for this monograph is actually much longer (it is https://online-lexi-com.libproxy1.usc.edu/lco/action/doc/retrieve/docid/complete_ashp/414040?cesid=aNQswQkZlPy&searchUrl=%2Flco%2Faction%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Dlisinopril%26t%3Dname%26va%3Dlisinopril). If you paste the short URL provided in this citation into your browser, you will arrive at the table of contents of the book AHFS DI (Adult and Pediatric) and can then look for the monograph described in this citation (Lisinopril).

• << Previous: Home
• Next: References Within Your Paper >>
• Last Updated: Apr 8, 2024 3:11 PM
• URL: https://libguides.usc.edu/ama11

AMA (11th ed.) Style Guide: PowerPoint Slideshow

• Journal Article (1 author)
• Journal Article (2 to 6 authors)
• Journal Article (7 or more authors)
• Book (1 author)
• Book (2 to 6 authors)
• Book (7 or more authors)
• Chapter in an Edited Book (1 author)
• Chapter in an Edited Book (2 to 6 authors)
• Chapter in an Edited Book (7 or more authors)
• PowerPoint Slideshow
• Citation Accuracy: Computer vs. Your Brain
• Getting Help with AMA Style

POWERPOINT SLIDESHOW

BASIC COMPONENTS (PowerPoint Slideshow)

• AUTHOR NAME(S) (if any) [period]
• TITLE OF SLIDESHOW (if any) [period]
• PowerPoint slideshow [period]
• DATE OF PUBLICATION (if any) [period]
• DATE OF UPDATE (if any) [period]
• DATE OF ACCESS [period]

ARRANGING AND FORMATTING COMPONENTS

AUTHOR NAME(S)

Last name first, followed by first initial and (if given) additional initials. End with a period. No blank space between initials.

        EXAMPLES  

Cooper T. Berben SAA. Gausche-Hill M. de la Peña SK.

2 to 6 Authors

Separate multiple authors with a comma. End the list with a period. Do not add the word "and" before the final author name.

Oren E, Kiene SM.

Schanler RJ,  Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Kim JH.

Rivadeneyra-Posadas JJ, Cubo E, Simón-Vicente L, Garcia-Bustillo Á.

Zhang N, Xiong X, Xu J, Zeng Q, Li J.

Crowder L, Welniak TL, Hoogland AI, Small BJ, Rodriguez Y, Carpenter KM.

7 or More Authors

List only the first three authors. Separate names with a comma. Do not add the word "and" before the final author name. Add a comma and the phrase "et al" after the third author, followed by a period.

Mohammed WS, Al-Makramani BMA, Mehta V, et al.

Williams J, Gustafson M, Bai Y, et al.

Villegas-Aguilar E, Ropero-Padilla C, Martin-Ibañez L, et al.

TITLE OF SLIDESHOW

Capitalize the first letter of the first word of the title. All other words remain fully uncapitalized except for: 1) the first letter of proper nouns; 2) acronyms; 3) other miscellaneous circumstances. Do not enclose the full title in quotation marks. Do not capitalize the first letter of the first word of a subtitle (unless it constitutes an exception).

If no title is given, substitute the phrase "PowerPoint slideshow."

OSHA workplace injuries.

Histology of tongue, liver & pancreas.

The Soviet Union: rise and fall of a superpower.

The IARC monographs: volume 112, glyphosate evaluation.

Who's your daddy? and mommy? a Mendelian genetics inquiry lab on corn with optional chi-square test.

Include the phrase "PowerPoint slideshow."

        EXAMPLE  

PowerPoint slideshow.

DATE OF PUBLICATION

List the month and day (if given), followed by a comma and the year.  Do not abbreviate the month .

May 5, 2021.

October 18, 1996.

February 2007.

DATE OF UPDATE

Include the word "Updated" followed by the date of last update ( month day [comma] year ).  Do not abbreviate the month .

Updated June 29, 2001.

Updated December 3, 1999.

Updated March 12, 2020.

DATE OF ACCESS / URL

Include the word "Accessed" followed by the date of access (month day [comma] year) and a period.  Do not abbreviate the month.  Then  add the URL for the website. Do not  include a period after the URL.

Accessed December 14, 2019. https://ursuline.desire2learn.com/d2l/f23/pa607/content/media/med-interview

Accessed July 8, 2022. https://bioethics.jhu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/EFL-042220jc.pptx

Accessed January  20, 2023. https://www.powershow.com/view/2256f-OTFhO/Womens_Health_and_Wellness_powerpoint_ppt_presentation

SAMPLE REFERENCES  (PowerPoint Slideshow)

Patterson A. Future of nursing 2020-2030. PowerPoint slideshow. November 20, 2019. Accessed March 30, 2021. https://nam.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/2-Angela-Patterson.pptx

Hooker RS. Physician assistant collaborative roles. PowerPoint slideshow. October 2009. Accessed May 1, 2013. https://www.slideserve.com/erma/physician-assistant-collaborative-roles-powerpoint-ppt-presentation

Fields C, Greenlee D, Hoffman A, Magsig M, Ross J, Woltenberg L.  Kentucky physician assistant preparedness to treat patients with substance use disorder (KPAP). PowerPoint slideshow. Accessed February 3, 2022. https://www.uky.edu/chs/sites/chs.uky.edu/files/PAS/team_4_poster.pptx

Wilson DE, Muma R. PACKRAT: a predictor of success on the PANCE. PowerPoint slideshow. Accessed January 7, 2023. https://soar.wichita.edu/bitstream/handle/10057/961/pa0605024.ppt?sequence=3&isAllowed=y

Vo B, Melgar K, Chiang N, et al. A student-run free clinic: how involvement leads to an educational experience . PowerPoint slideshow. Accessed December 18, 2022. https://connect.stfm.org/HigherLogic/System/DownloadDocumentFile.ashx?DocumentFileKey=cece6595-31c0-48b3-8577-3cc59c246bbe

• << Previous: Website
• Next: Lecture >>
• Last Updated: Oct 17, 2023 9:27 AM
• URL: https://libraryguides.ursuline.edu/amastyle

AMA Style - 11th Edition

• AMA: Getting Started
• Title Page & Formatting
• Authors - numbers, rules and formatting
• Sample reference list
• In-Text Citations
• How Do I Cite...
• Additional Resources

Standard article pattern (print):

Author AA, Author BB. Title of article.  Journal Abbreviation . Year;volume(issue):pp-pp.

• Chiang HC, Huang V, Cornelius LA. Cancer and itch.  Semin Cutan Med Surg . 2011;30(2):107-112.
• Nejad AG, Kheradmand A. Five rare psychiatric syndromes co-occurring together.  Neurosciences . 2009;14(1):91-3.
• Voigt C, Grasse P, Rex K, Hetz S, Speakman J. Bat breath reveals metabolic substrate use in free-ranging vampires.  J Comp Physiol B . 2008;178(1):9-16.

Standard article pattern (electronic):

Author AA, Author BB. Title of article.  Journal Abbreviation.  Year;volume(issue):pp-pp. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. DOI or URL

• Economopoulos KJ, Brockmeier SF. Rotator cuff tears in overhead athletes.  Clin Sports Med . 2012;31(4):675-692. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2012.07.005
• Finnan RP, Crosby LA. Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears.  J Shoulder Elbow Surg . 2010;19(4):609-616. Accessed April 26, 2012. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1058274609004662
• Ho DTN, Le TPT, Wolbers M, et al. Risk factors of Streptococcus suis infection in Vietnam. A case-control study.  PLoS One . 2011;6(3):e17604. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017604
• There are no spaces between the year, volume, issue number and page numbers.
• Some online journals do not have page numbers. Use the article number instead. Reference 6 is an example.
• If there is a DOI you should always include it at the end of the reference. 
• You don't need to include a URL if there is a DOI, and you only need to include an Accessed date if you have used a URL.
• There is no full stop after the DOI or URL

What's a DOI?   Read this explanation from Citing Medicine.

Book (Entire Book)

Standard book patterns:

Pay close attention to the punctuation use in these examples – including case, italics, the order of dates and spaces.

Standard book in Print:

Author AA, Author BB, Author CC.  Book Title . Vol no. Nth ed. Publisher; Year.

Edited book:

Editor AA, Editor BB, Editor CC, eds.  Book Title . Vol no. Nth ed. Publisher; Year.

Author AA, Author BB, Author CC.  Book Title . Vol no. Nth ed. Publisher; Year. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. DOI or URL

• Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, Gray H.  Gray's Anatomy for Students.  4th ed. Elsevier; 2020.
• Cameron P, Little M, Mitra B, Deasy C, eds.  Textbook of Adult Emergency Medicine.  5th ed. Elsevier; 2020.
• Vieira AR. Genetic Basis of Oral Health Conditions.  Springer; 2019. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14485-2
• World Health Organization.  Health Worker Roles in Providing Safe Abortion Care and Post-abortion Contraception . World Health Organization; 2015. Accessed December 9, 2021.   https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/unsafe_abortion/abortion-task-shifting/en/
• Dates follow the American pattern of Month-Day-Year.
• You only use the Accessed date if you are using a URL.
• The author may be an organisation or government body.

What's a DOI?   Read this explanation from Citing Medicine.

Book Chapter

Standard chapter pattern:

Author AA, Author BB. Title of chapter. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, eds.  Book Title . Vol no. Nth ed. Publisher; Year:page numbers. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. DOI or URL

• Karmakar M. Ultrasound-guided central neuraxial blocks. In: Narouze SN, ed.  Atlas of Ultrasound-Guided Procedures in Interventional Pain Management . Springer; 2011:161-178. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1681-5_12
• Shaparin N, Shah A, Gritsenko K. Pharmacological agents: opioids. In: Urman RD, Vadivelu N, eds.  Perioperative Pain Management . Oxford University Press; 2013:29-37. Accessed December 16, 2021. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/jcu/detail.action?docID=1274300
• Banasik J. Alterations in cardiac function. In: Copstead L, Banasik J, eds.  Pathophysiology . 4th ed. Saunders Elsevier; 2010:429-460.
• Dog TL. Botanicals in the management of pain. In: Audette JF, Bailey A, eds.  Contemporary Pain Medicine: Integrative Pain Medicine: the Science and Practice of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pain Management . Humana Press; 2008:447-470.
• Varacallo M, El Bitar Y, Mair SD. Rotator cuff tendonitis. In:  StatPearls . NCBI Bookshelf version. StatPearls Publishing: 2019. Accessed October 24, 2019.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532270/  [example has been updated 04-04-2022]

Brochures and Pamphlets

Brochures and pamphlets should take the following form:

• Eating and drinking with a high output stoma: what you need to know. Patient brochure. Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service. Accessed September 29, 2020.  https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0037/734959/eating-drinking-high-output-stoma.pdf

Class Handouts

If the work was given in class, and you have confirmed that the information has not been copied from a published source (book, journal article, web page etc), treat it as  personal communication .   Do not include it in your reference list , and in text explain the nature of your source in brackets:

According to a diagram distributed by M. Grant (class handout, February 2020)...

The Cornell Method template (K. Bartlett, class handout, March 21, 2020) can be used to analyse and compare journal articles.

Class handouts are often copied or taken from other sources.  Endeavour to find the original source, if possible.

Cochrane Review

Cochrane Reviews are supposed to be cited as electronic journal articles.  Articles are given article numbers instead of page numbers. Place the article number (without "Art no") in the place of the page numbers for a normal journal article.  There is no volume number for Cochrane reviews, so skip straight from the year to the issue number.  Always use the doi instead of a URL for Cochrane reviews:

• Shepherd E, Grivell RM. Aspirin (single dose) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period.  Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2020;(7):CD012129. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012129.pub3
• Palmer MJ, Henschke N, Villanueva G, et al. Targeted client communication via mobile devices for improving sexual and reproductive health.  Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2020;(8):CD013680. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013680
• Palareti L, Melotti G, Cassis F, Nevitt SJ, Iorio A. Psychological interventions for people with hemophilia.  Cochrane Database Syst Rev . 2020;(3):CD010215. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010215.pub2

Conference Paper, Webinar

Standard conference paper pattern:

Author AA, Author BB. Title of paper. Type of presentation presented at: Name of the Conference. Date of conference; Year; City, Country or State Abbreviation. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL. Vidocast/Transcript/Abstract available at: URL

Papers presented at a conference, symposium or meeting, unpublished or only available from the conference website

Maddox S, Hurling J, Stewart E, Edwards A. If mama ain't happy, nobody's happy: the effect of parental depression on mood dysregulation in children. Paper presented at: Southeastern Psychologica Association 62nd Annual Meeting; March 30-April 2, 2016; New Orleans, LA.

Pearson J. Fat talk and its effects on state-based body image in women. Poster presented at: Australian Psychological Society Congress; September 21-30, 2018; Sydney, Australia.

Baydorova I, Collins H, Ait Saadi, I. Matching student and supervisor expectations in Malaysian doctoral education. Paper presented at: Australian Association for Research in Education Conference; November 26-30, 2017; Canberra, Australia. Abstract available at:  https://www.aare.edu.au/publications/aare-conference-papers/show/13007/matching-student-and-supervisor-expectations-in-malaysian-doctoral-education

Published papers

Papers from conferences, symposia and meetings are usually published as part of a special issue of a journal, as a monograph (book) of the conference proceedings, or as a document on a website. Once a presentations is published, use the pattern for the book, journal, or other medium in which they are published.

Morgan R, Meldrum K, Bryan S, et al. Embedding digital literacies in curricula: Australian and Malaysian experiences. In: Teh GB, Choy SC, eds.  Empowering 21st century learners through holistic and enterprising learning: selected papers from Tunku Abdul Rahman University College International Conference 2016 . Springer Singapore; 2017:11-19.

Huang G-M, Huang K-Y, Lee T-Y, Tzu-Ya Weng J. An interpretable rule-based diagnostic classification of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetes patients.  BMC Bioinformatics.  2015;16(suppl 1):S5. Selected articles from the Thirteenth Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Conference (APBC 2015). doi:10.1186/1471-2105-16-S1-S5

(Example 5 shows an article from a special issue of the journal that has been entirely dedicated to publishing papers from the conference). 

Online conferences and webinars

Gunn E, Kendall-Taylor J, Vandenburg B. Taking author instructions to the next level. Council of Science Editors webinar. September 10, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016.  http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/resource-library/past-presentationswebinars/past-webinars/2015-webinar-3-taking-author-instructions-to-the-next-level/

Drug Databases and Similar Resources

Standard database pattern:

Author AA, Author BB. Title of entry [type of entry, if applicable]. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, eds (if available).  Title of Database . Publisher’s name. Published (or Updated) date (at least year, if available). Accessed date. URL

• Paracetamol. In: Brayfield, A, ed.  Martindale: the Complete Drug Reference . Pharmaceutical Press. Updated October 31, 2014. Accessed February 20, 2015. http://www.medicinescomplete.com
• Paracetamol (Systemic). Drug monograph. In:  AusDI database . Phoenix Medical Publishing. Updated May 28, 2020. Accessed September 1, 2020.  https://ausdi-hcn-com-au.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/productMonograph.hcn?file=0460
• Ginger. In:  Natural Standard: the Authority on Integrative Medicine . Natural Standard. Updated July 10, 2020. Accessed September 1, 2020.  https://naturalmedicines-therapeuticresearch-com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/databases/food,-herbs-supplements/professional.aspx?productid=961
• Liquid paraffin. In:  Australian Medicines Handbook . Australian Medicines Handbook. Accessed September 1, 2020.  https://amhonline-amh-net-au.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/chapters/gastrointestinal-drugs/laxatives/stool-softeners/liquid-paraffin?menu=vertical
• Prevention of endocarditis. In:  eTG Complete . Therapeutic Guidelines. April, 2019. Updated August 2020. Accessed September 1, 2020.  https://tgldcdp-tg-org-au.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/viewTopic?topicfile=infection-prevention-endocarditis&guidelineName=Antibiotic&topicNavigation=navigateTopic#toc_d1e47
• Prozac (Product info). In:  MIMS Online . MIMS Australia. Updated September, 2020. Accessed September 1, 2020.  https://www-mimsonline-com-au.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/Search/AbbrPI.aspx?ModuleName=Product%20Info&searchKeyword=Prozac+Capsules&PreviousPage=~/Search/QuickSearch.aspx&SearchType=&ID=5050001_2
• Propylthiouracil. In:  DynaMed . EBSCO Information Services. Updated July 22, 2020. Accessed September 30, 2020.  https://www.dynamed.com/drug-monograph/propylthiouracil

Tip : For DynaMed, last date modified (updated) in Drugs A-Z is near the bottom of the page under References.

If you were referring to the database as a whole, rather than an individual entry in the database, you would skip the reference to the authors and title of the entry and begin with the Editors (if there are any) or the title of the database.

• MIMS Online.  MIMS Australia; September 2020. Accessed September 1, 2020.  https://www-mimsonline-com-au.elibrary.jcu.edu.au
• If there are no authors, begin with the title of the entry.

NB:  This pattern is based on a combination of the formats for databases and book chapters, as the AMA manual recommends citing databases as a whole but at JCU it is preferred practice to pinpoint the entry used.

Government/Organization Report

References to reports published by departments or agencies of a government should include the following information, in the order indicated: (1) name of author (if given); (2) title of bulletin; (3) name of issuing bureau, agency, department, or other governmental division (note that in this position, Department should be abbreviated Dept; also note that if the US Government Printing Office is supplied as the publisher, it would be preferable to obtain the name of the issuing bureau, agency, or department); (4) date of publication; (5) page numbers (if specified); (6) publication number (if any); (7) series number (if given); (8) online accessed date (if applicable); and (9) web address (if applicable).

• World Health Statistics 2020: Monitoring Health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals. World Health Organization. 2020. Accessed September 29, 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332070/9789240005105-eng.pdf?ua=1

Images, Figures and Tables

The way you reference an image depends on where the image was found.

If the image was found in a book, journal article or entry in a database:

Do not cite the image individually but give the citation details for the book/article/etc. Treat it as though it was a direct quote.

If the image was found online, as part of a website, treat it like a  Web Object :

Author AA, Author BB. Title of page or object. Clarifying information if necessary. Title of web site. Published Month DD, YYYY  or  Updated Month DD, YYYY. Accessed Month, DD, YYYY. URL.

• UCF Libraries. Research lifecycle and University of Central FL. Infographic. University of Central Florida. Updated June 23, 2017. Accessed January 11, 2020.  https://library.ucf.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2017/06/research-life-cycle.png
• California Deparment of Public Health. West Nile Virus transmission cycle. 2018. Image reproduced in: Vector-borne diseases. California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Updloaded February 11, 2019. Accessed January 11, 2020.  https://oehha.ca.gov/epic/impacts-biological-systems/vector-borne-diseases
• Slide 37 - Solvent, nummular eczema. Image. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated April 17, 2001. Accessed September 3, 2020.  https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/skin/occderm-slides/ocderm8.html
• If there is a credit for the image, use this as your author.  If there is no credit for the image, use the authors of the web site if you believe they are responsible for the image.
• If the  "authors" of the site and the name of the site are identical, treat the page as if it has no author and begin with the title of the page  (for example, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention is both the name of the site and the name of the organisation responsible for the information on that site).
• If you are not sure who is responsible for the image, omit the authors and begin with the title of the image.
• If the image does not have a title, give a description of the image (e.g.: Photograph of a boy holding a fish).
• If the image was not created by the authors of the book/article/website/etc, then it needs to be treated as a  secondary citation  (give as much of a full citation for the image as you can, then state the role it plays in your source material, and give the full citation for your source - see example 2).

Lecture Notes

Online Lecture Notes:

If the notes/handouts are available online through LearnJCU, cite them as a  web object . Include details after the title, if it is necessary for clarity.

Author AA, Author BB. Title of page or object. Title of web site. Published Month DD, YYYY. Updated Month DD, YYYY. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL.

• De Cat S. Introduction to TV1101. PDF lecture notes. LearnJCU. Updated February 18, 2014. Accessed March 2, 2014.  https://learnjcu.jcu.edu.au/bbcswebdav/pid-1447836-dt-content-rid-1294103_1/xid-1294103_1
• TV1101 - week1: syringe and needle handling practical 1. PDF class handout. LearnJCU. Updated February, 2014. Accessed March 2, 2014.  https://learnjcu.jcu.edu.au/bbcswebdav/pid-1447837-dt-content-rid-1294105_1/xid-1294105_1
• Most lecturers would rather you did not cite the lecture notes, but found the relevant information in books, journals or other such resources. Only use lecture notes if you cannot find the information elsewhere.
• Only include the full link to the document if a) you have tested the link and it will work several days after you originally accessed the document, and b) you are confident the person reading your work can access the site. Otherwise, simply include the URL for LearnJCU.
• If there is no attributed author, begin the reference with the title of the document.

Note on URLs for LearnJCU:   Ideally, you use a URL that will get your readers as close as possible to the document.  When writing for someone who has access to the LearnJCU site, include the full URL for the document (copy and paste). Always include the date you last checked to see the URL still worked (the Accessed date).

Legislation

The information given in the AMA Manual of Style regarding citation of legislation is specific to US Bills and Statutes and does not translate easily to Australian legislation. As the manual recommends using the Blue Book for State Legislation (the Blue Book is the standard form of legal citation used in the US) we recommend using the AGLC for Australian legislation (which is the standard form of legal citation use in Australia).

However, in keeping with the requirements of AMA in general, if the legislation was accessed online, you will also need to include an accessed date and the URL. If the document you are citing has an updated or compiled date on it, include that as well.

For example:

• Biosecurity Act 2014  (Qld) ch 7 pt 2 div 4 s 169. Accessed April 22, 2021.  https://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/view/html/inforce/current/act-2014-007#sec.169 .
• National Health Act 1953  (Cth) pt 4 s 84AA. Compiled December 16, 2020. Accessed April 22, 2021.  https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2016Q00048 .

More details can be found in the AGLC, but a brief summary of the pattern is as follows:

The name of the Act including the Year  (Jurisdiction) section details. Accessed date. URL.

See page 68 of the AGLC for the jurisdiction abbreviations, and page 69-70 to see how to lay out the section details (AGLC calls it a pinpoint).

Use this for citing US legislative materials

You can find a link to the complete AGLC here.

Newspaper Article

Standard news article pattern (print):

Author AA, Author BB. Article title.  Newspaper name . Month DD, year:pp-pp.

Tourne R. Townsville Hospital in poor health: hospital troubles persist.  Townsville Bulletin . February 26, 2011:5.

Packham B. Australian-made vaccine available 'within months'.  The Australian.  September 7, 2020:5.

Standard news article pattern (online):

Author AA, Author BB. Article title.  Newspaper name . Month day, year:pp-pp. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL

Scott M. More than 60 treated in hospital after Townsville music festival.  The Australian.  May 7, 2019. Accessed September 7, 2020.  https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/more-than-60-treated-in-hospital-after-townsville-music-festival/news-story/f4b6a403939ed34b0c18d426becb9533

Ikonomou T. Townsville’s rising obesity numbers among shocking health statistics. Townsville Bulletin. November, 14, 2018. Accessed September 9, 2020.  https://www.townsvillebulletin.com.au/news/townsville/townsvilles-rising-obesity-numbers-among-shocking-health-statistics/news-story/47c5f163d537ba20353e0572901ea19e

• Newspaper names are not abbreviated.
• If a city name is not part of the newspaper name, it may be added to the official name for clarity.

News Release

News and media releases take the following format:

• Examining how common depression symptoms are in adults before, during COVID-19 pandemic. News release. JAMA For the Media. September 2, 2020. Accessed September 7, 2020.  https://media-jamanetwork-com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/news-item/examining-how-common-depression-symptoms-are-in-adults-before-during-covid-19-pandemic/
• Teleheath, e-prescribing arrangements must be extended. News release. Australian Medical Association. September 3, 2020. Accessed September 7, 2020.  https://ama.com.au/media/telehealth-e-prescribing-arrangements-must-be-extended

Online Conference Proceedings

These are treated much the same as a “presented at” reference (see above), with the addition of the accessed date and the URL.

Morales M, Zhou X. Health practices of immigrant women: indigenous knowledge in an urban environment. Paper presented at: 78th Association for Information Science and Technology Annual Meeting; November 6-10, 2015; St Louis, MO. Accessed March 15, 2016.  https://dl-acm-org.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/doi/10.5555/2857070.2857108

Botkin J, Menikoff J. Opening remarks presented at: Secretary’s Advisory Committee on Human Research Protections Meeting; December 4, 2015; Rockville, MD.  http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/sachrp/mtgings/2015%20Dec%20Mtg/december3-4,2015sachrpmeeting.html . Accessed March 15, 2016. Videocast available at:  https://videocast-nih-gov.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/

The presentation in example 2 did not have a title; hence, the “title” field and the “presented at” field were combined. In addition, a webcast of the meeting is available for the presentation in example 2, and that information is also included in the reference. See example 3 below for how to cite a videocast.

Labor, Health and Human Services Subcommittee Hearing. National Institutes of Health: Investing in a Healthier Future. October 7, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016. Videocast available at:  http://www.appropriations.senate.gov/hearings/labor-hhs-subcommittee-hearing-national-institutes-of-health-investing-in-a-healthier-future

A transcript from a teleconference is cited as follows:

Volkow N, Botticelli M, Johnston LD, Miech RA. Monitoring the Future: Teleconference 2015. December 16, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016. Transcript available at:  https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/podcasts/2015/12/monitoring-future-teleconference-2015#content-area

A webinar is cited as follows:

Published work

If you are citing work that has previously been published, you cite it exactly how you would cite any other work (e.g., if it was a journal article, cite a journal article).

Previous assignments

If you are citing work that you submitted in a previous assignment, it is considered an unpublished manuscript, but you would site it the same way you would cite an  unpublished dissertation .

• Smith J.  Multidisciplinary Care Teams in Rural Communities . Assignment submitted for HS1155. James Cook University; 2021.

N.B.  Only use one of your own assignments as a source for your work if your lecturer has told you it is okay to to so.

Images and figures

If you are creating an original figure for an assignment, you do not need to cite yourself - you only need to cite information or work that was taken from other sources.

If you are using a photograph or artwork you have created yourself, and it has been "published" online (for example, Flickr or a personal website), you will need to cite it as you would any other image taken from an online source. You would need to include this in your reference list as you would any other cited source.

If you have not previously made the image public, or produced it specifically for this assignment, it does not require citations - but you can put "Own work" as part of the caption for the image if you believe it is necessary for clarity (for example, if you are also using similar images from other sources). You would not include this in your reference list.

Figure 4 . Wound dressing following removal of stitches

Image shows multiple adhesive dressings used together. Own work.

Pharmacopoeia, Encyclopedias & Dictionary Entries

Pharmacopoeia entry (also used for encyclopedia and dictionary entries)

Author AA, Author BB. Title of entry. In: Editor AA, Editor BB, eds.  Title of Pharmacopoeia . Vol no. Nth ed. Publisher; Year:page numbers. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. DOI or URL

• Ceylon cinnamon bark oil. In:  British Pharmacopoeia 2013 . Vol 5. The Stationery Office; 2012:3659-3660.
• Carbamazepine tablets. In:  The Pharmocopeia of the United States of America.  Vol 2. 31st  ed. The United States Pharmocopeial Convention; 2007:1631.
• Antihistamines. In Andrews A, Boden E eds.  Black's Veterinary Dictionary . Bloomsbury; 2015. Accessed July 20, 2015. http://search.credoreference.com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/content/entry/acbvet/antihistamines/0
• Authors for the entry or editors for the book may not be available.
• Contributors to encyclopedia and dictionaries are sometimes indicated by initials at the end of the entries - always try to find an author rather than assuming there isn't one simply because you cannot see a name in an obvious location.
• Online books may not have page numbers.

Titles of theses and dissertations are given in italics. References to theses should include the location of the university (or other institution), its name, and year of completion of the thesis. If the thesis has been published, it should be treated as any other book reference. 

• Fenster SD.  Cloning and Characterization of Piccolo, a Novel Component of the Presynaptic Cytoskeletal Matrix.  Dissertation. University of Alabama; 2000.
• Lienart, GH.  Effects of Temperature and Food Availability on the Antipredator Behaviour of Juvenile Coral Reef Fishes.  Dissertation. James Cook University; 2016. Accessed December 18, 2020.  https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/47533/

Web Content

Standard Web content pattern:

• Pharmacy ownership in Queensland. Queensland Health. Updated September 1, 2021. Accessed January 10, 2022.   https://www.health.qld.gov.au/system-governance/licences/pharmacy/pharmacy-ownership/queensland
• Department of Health & Human Services. Anaphylaxis. Better Health Channel. Updated August, 2014. Accessed August 31, 2020.  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/ConditionsAndTreatments/anaphylaxis
• Food allergy or intolerance? Allergy and Anapylaxis Australia. Updated January 2017. Accessed August 31, 2020.  https://allergyfacts.org.au/allergy-anaphylaxis/food-allergy-or-intolerance
• Zika virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. January 26, 2016. Updated November 20, 2019. Accessed September 8, 2020.  https://www.cdc.gov/zika/
• University of California Television. Ketogenesis and Fasting: Fuel for the Brain. YouTube. August 14, 2020. Accessed August 31, 2020.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H33vuQLIiXE&feature=emb_logo
• For web pages in which there is no listed author for the information on that page, and the  "authors" of the site and the name of the site are identical, treat the page as if it has no author and begin with the title of the page  (for example, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention is both the name of the site and the name of the organisation responsible for the information on that site).
• If the name of the site and the name of the corporate author is different then list the name of the corporate author in the author position and the name of the site in the Site title position (for example, Better Health Channel is the name of the site, but the Department of Health & Human Services is responsible for the information on that site).

Standard YouTube pattern:

Author AA, Author BB. Title of page or object. YouTube video. Published Month DD, YYYY. Updated Month DD, YYYY. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. URL.

• JCU Library. Launch of Mabo Interpretive Wall. YouTube video. December 1, 2020. Accessed December 22, 2020. https://youtu.be/dnonEJ-ZpuA
• The Two Ronnies - Sweet Shop Sketch. YouTube video. October 30, 2011. Accessed December 22, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbGMS5jQFcs
• Only provide the author if you are sure that person created the video. Do not list the person posting the video online as the author. If you are unsure, treat the citation as having no author.
• << Previous: In-Text Citations
• Next: RefWorks >>
• Last Updated: Mar 11, 2024 2:19 PM
• URL: https://libguides.unco.edu/ama11

• Link to facebook
• Link to linkedin
• Link to twitter
• Link to youtube
• Writing Tips

How to Cite a Conference Paper in AMA Referencing

3-minute read

• 15th August 2020

The AMA citation style is commonly used in medical writing. Here, we’ll look at how to cite a conference paper in AMA referencing, including both papers in published proceedings and unpublished papers.

Sources in AMA are numbered sequentially based on the order you first cite them. This then matches the position of the source in the reference list. For instance, you would cite the first source in your document with a superscript “1,” the second source with “2,” and so on:

Hay fever affects one in four people in the UK. 1

If you then cite the same source again later in your work, you can just use the same number as you did on the first citation. The key is that the citation number should match the entry in the reference list each time.

If you quote a conference paper, moreover, make sure to include the page number(s) in brackets after the citation number. For instance:

Hay fever can “negatively impact an individual’s work life.” 2(p3)

Here, we’re quoting page 3 of source the second source in the reference list.

AMA Reference List: Published Conference Papers

The format for a published conference paper in an AMA reference list is similar to the one for a chapter from an edited book:

n. Author Name(s) and Initial(s). Paper title. In: Published Proceedings . Publisher; year of publication: complete page range.

Find this useful?

Subscribe to our newsletter and get writing tips from our editors straight to your inbox.

For online papers, moreover, make sure to include either a URL and date of access or a stable DOI . You can see examples of both below:

1. Li X. Hay fever in the UK. In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of Allergens . Medical Publishing Incorporated; 2019:3–42.

2. Wilson S. A new treatment for allergic rhinitis. The Third Annual International Conference of Hay Fever . Sneeze & Co.; 2020:88­–103. https://www.sciencedirect.com/12439384. Accessed June 14, 2020.

AMA Reference List: Unpublished Conference Papers

The standard format for an unpublished conference paper in an AMA reference list, meanwhile, is as follows:

n. Author Name(s) and Initial(s). Paper title. Paper presented at: Name of conference; Date conference held; Location.

For example, we could reference an unpublished conference paper like this:

3. Gonzalez M. Tackling hay fever in the 21st century. Paper presented at: European Congress of Allergology; May 17, 2019; Riga, Latvia.

We hope you now feel confident about citing a conference paper in AMA referencing. But if you would like any more help with your referencing, or any element of academic writing, we have expert editors available 24/7 .

Share this article:

Post A New Comment

Got content that needs a quick turnaround? Let us polish your work. Explore our editorial business services.

2-minute read

How to Cite the CDC in APA

If you’re writing about health issues, you might need to reference the Centers for Disease...

5-minute read

Six Product Description Generator Tools for Your Product Copy

Introduction If you’re involved with ecommerce, you’re likely familiar with the often painstaking process of...

What Is a Content Editor?

Are you interested in learning more about the role of a content editor and the...

4-minute read

The Benefits of Using an Online Proofreading Service

Proofreading is important to ensure your writing is clear and concise for your readers. Whether...

6 Online AI Presentation Maker Tools

Creating presentations can be time-consuming and frustrating. Trying to construct a visually appealing and informative...

What Is Market Research?

No matter your industry, conducting market research helps you keep up to date with shifting...

Make sure your writing is the best it can be with our expert English proofreading and editing.

AMA Style Guide

• Getting Started
• Formatting Your Paper
• In-Text Citations
• Newspapers & Magazines
• Government Documents

Conference Proceedings

• Classroom Materials
• Package Inserts
• Tables & Figures
• Citation Tools

Author(s) Name(s). Title of Paper/Poster. Paper/Poster presented at: Name of Conference; Month Dates, Year; City, State. URL [link]. Accessed Month Day, Year.

• Last Updated: Apr 18, 2023 12:32 PM
• URL: https://sheridancollege.libguides.com/amatenthedition

Connect with us

Cite A Conference proceedings in AMA style

Powered by chegg.

• Select style:
• Archive material
• Chapter of an edited book
• Conference proceedings
• Dictionary entry
• Dissertation
• DVD, video, or film
• E-book or PDF
• Edited book
• Encyclopedia article
• Government publication
• Music or recording
• Online image or video
• Presentation
• Press release
• Religious text

Use the following template to cite a conference proceedings using the AMA citation style. For help with other source types, like books, PDFs, or websites,  check out our other guides . To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you,  try our free citation generator .

Reference list

Place this part in your bibliography or reference list at the end of your assignment.

In-text citation

Place this part right after the quote or reference to the source in your assignment.

Popular AMA Citation Guides

• How to cite a Book in AMA style
• How to cite a Website in AMA style
• How to cite a Journal in AMA style
• How to cite a DVD, video, or film in AMA style
• How to cite a Online image or video in AMA style

Other AMA Citation Guides

• How to cite a Archive material in AMA style
• How to cite a Artwork in AMA style
• How to cite a Blog in AMA style
• How to cite a Broadcast in AMA style
• How to cite a Chapter of an edited book in AMA style
• How to cite a Conference proceedings in AMA style
• How to cite a Court case in AMA style
• How to cite a Dictionary entry in AMA style
• How to cite a Dissertation in AMA style
• How to cite a E-book or PDF in AMA style
• How to cite a Edited book in AMA style
• How to cite a Email in AMA style
• How to cite a Encyclopedia article in AMA style
• How to cite a Government publication in AMA style
• How to cite a Interview in AMA style
• How to cite a Legislation in AMA style
• How to cite a Magazine in AMA style
• How to cite a Music or recording in AMA style
• How to cite a Newspaper in AMA style
• How to cite a Patent in AMA style
• How to cite a Podcast in AMA style
• How to cite a Presentation or lecture in AMA style
• How to cite a Press release in AMA style
• How to cite a Religious text in AMA style
• How to cite a Report in AMA style
• How to cite a Software in AMA style

AMA Citation Style Guide: AMA Examples - Online and Electronic

• In-text Citations
• AMA Examples - Print
• AMA Examples - Online and Electronic
• AMA Examples - Images, Video, and Audio
• Citation Resources and Guidelines

eBooks and Audiobooks

• Volume number is only needed if there is more than one volume. Additionally, the Edition number is only needed if it is not the first edition of the book. 
• The Accessed date is only needed if you are using a URL
• The Format is included for other book versions including e-readers, audiobooks, and books on CD.
• Vieira AR.  Genetic Basis of Oral Health Conditions.  Springer International Publishing; 2019. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14485-2
• World Health Organization.  Health Worker Roles in Providing Safe Abortion Care and Post-abortion Contraception . World Health Organization; 2015. Accessed August 12, 2020.  https://srhr.org/safeabortion/
• Skloot R.  The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks.  Audiobook. Random House Audio; 2010.

AMA Manual, Section 3.12.11

• Chapter in an Edited Book
• Sudarsky L. Gait and balance disorders. In: Kasper DL, Fauci AS, Longo DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds.  Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine.  19th ed. McGraw-Hill; 2015;chap 32. Accessed February 10, 2016. http://www.harrisonsim.com/index.php
• Articles in Scholarly Journals

**Some online journals do not have page numbers. Use the article number instead. Reference 3 is an example. Examples:

• Economopoulos KJ, Brockmeier SF. Rotator cuff tears in overhead athletes.  Clin Sports Med . 2012;31(4):675-692. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2012.07.005
• Finnan RP, Crosby LA. Partial-thickness rotator cuff tears.  J Shoulder Elbow Surg . 2010;19(4):609-616. Accessed April 26, 2012. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1058274609004662
• Ho DTN, Le TPT, Wolbers M, et al. Risk factors of Streptococcus suis infection in Vietnam. A case-control study.  PLoS One . 2011;6(3):e17604. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017604

AMA Manual, Section 3.11

• Theses and Dissertations

*If a thesis has been published, it should be written in the format of a book. 

• Ghanbari S. Integration of the Arts in STEM: A Collective Case Study of Two Interdisciplinary University Programs.  Dissertation. University of California; 2014. Accessed October 14, 2016. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/9wp9x8sj

AMA Manual, Section 3.13.4

Newspaper Articles/News Releases

Scott M. More than 60 treated in hospital after Townsville music festival.  The Australian.  May 7, 2019. Accessed September 7, 2020. https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/more-than-60-treated-in-hospital-after-townsville-music-festival/news-story/f4b6a403939ed34b0c18d426becb9533

Ikonomou T. Townsville’s rising obesity numbers among shocking health statistics. Townsville Bulletin. November, 14, 2018. Accessed September 9, 2020. https://www.townsvillebulletin.com.au/news/townsville/townsvilles-rising-obesity-numbers-among-shocking-health-statistics/news-story/47c5f163d537ba20353e0572901ea19e

News and media releases take the following format:

• Examining how common depression symptoms are in adults before, during COVID-19 pandemic. News release. JAMA For the Media. September 2, 2020. Accessed September 7, 2020. https://media-jamanetwork-com.elibrary.jcu.edu.au/news-item/examining-how-common-depression-symptoms-are-in-adults-before-during-covid-19-pandemic/
• Teleheath, e-prescribing arrangements must be extended. News release. Australian Medical Association. September 3, 2020. Accessed September 7, 2020. https://ama.com.au/media/telehealth-e-prescribing-arrangements-must-be-extended

AMA Manual, Sections 3.13.1 and 3.15.10

• Encyclopedia Entries

*If no author is available, start with the entry title. Only include edition and volume information within the citation if it is available. 

• Uretsky S. Antihistamines. In: Blanchfield DS, Longe JL, eds.  The Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine . Vol 1. 2nd ed. Gale; 2002. Accessed October 4, 2021. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3405600130/GVRL?u=muohio_gvrl&sid=bookmark-GVRL&xid=2de5d5f0
• Government Reports
• National Cancer Institute. Taking time: Support for people with cancer.   U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. 2019. NIH Publication 18-2059.  Accessed October 4, 2021. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/patient-education/takingtime.pdf

AMA Manual, Section 3.13.2

Creating a Reference List Page

In AMA style your bibliography should be called Reference List.

Within your Reference List, your references should be listed in numerical order (two references should not be combined under a single reference number) as opposed to alphabetically. The numerical order is based on the order in which the sources were first cited in the document.

Do not begin the reference list on a new page, but place it at the end of your document, after a space or a line. It follows any article information or acknowledgments. Put the word "References" in all caps, and in line with the left-hand margin. Format the numbers as per normal numbering style, single spaced.

Online vs Print References

In AMA style, online and print references are formatted largely the same. All references generally include the author, title, source, and date, with the source element showing the difference between online and print. Online source elements will include their corresponding DOI and URL when available. 

Reference Examples

• Newspaper Articles

Images, Video, and Audio

• Images/Visual Works
• YouTube or Streaming Video
• Podcasts and Other Audio
• Computer Software, Mobile Apps, and Equipment
• If no author is available, start with the title of the work.
• If an updated date is available, note it between the publication date and access date.
• International Society for Infectious Diseases. ProMED-mail. Accessed February 10, 2016. http://www.promedmail.org
• Charlton G. Internal linking for SEO: examples and best practices. SearchEngineWatch. Accessed February 10, 2016. https://searchenginewatch.com/sew/how-to/2428041/internal-linking-for-seo-examples-and-best-practices
• Zika travel information. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. January 26, 2016. Updated August 11, 2016. Accessed June 18, 2019. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-travel-information

AMA Manual, Section 3.15.3

Tweets and Facebook Updates

If the tweet or status update includes an image, a video, a poll, or a thumbnail image with a link, indicate that in brackets after the title: [Image attached], [Video attached], [Thumbnail with link attached].

Tweet  Example:

• @BarackObama. (2012, February 9). Today President Obama announced a landmark  foreclosure settlement with major banks to help struggling homeowners . February 9, 2012. Accessed February 15, 2012.  https://twitter.com/BarackObama/status/167690595870052352

Facebook Post  Example:

• Mayo Clinic Sports Medicine Facebook page. #RotatorCuff tears are among the most common shoulder injuries, particularly in individuals who engage in activities that require repetitive arm motions. Discover the possible treatment options for a torn rotator cuff: https://mayocl.in?2H6AR3P. Accessed March 4, 2019. https://facebook.com/mayoclinicsportsmedicine

AMA Manual, Section 3.15.4

Conference Sessions and Presentations

Type of contribution is flexible (e.g., “Conference session,” “Paper presentation,” “Poster session,” “Keynote address”) .

Papers presented at a conference, symposium or meeting, unpublished or only available from the conference website

Maddox S, Hurling J, Stewart E, Edwards A. If mama ain't happy, nobody's happy: the effect of parental depression on mood dysregulation in children. Paper presented at: Southeastern Psychologica Association 62nd Annual Meeting; March 30-April 2, 2016; New Orleans, LA.

Pearson J. Fat talk and its effects on state-based body image in women. Poster presented at: Australian Psychological Society Congress; September 21-30, 2018; Sydney, Australia.

Baydorova I, Collins H, Ait Saadi, I. Matching student and supervisor expectations in Malaysian doctoral education. Paper presented at: Australian Association for Research in Education Conference; November 26-30, 2017; Canberra, Australia. Abstract available at:  https://www.aare.edu.au/publications/aare-conference-papers/show/13007/matching-student-and-supervisor-expectations-in-malaysian-doctoral-education

Published papers

Papers from conferences, symposia and meetings are usually published as part of a special issue of a journal, as a monograph (book) of the conference proceedings, or as a document on a website. Once a presentation is published, use the pattern for the book, journal, or other medium in which they are published.

Morgan R, Meldrum K, Bryan S, et al. Embedding digital literacies in curricula: Australian and Malaysian experiences. In: Teh GB, Choy SC, eds.  Empowering 21st century learners through holistic and enterprising learning: selected papers from Tunku Abdul Rahman University College International Conference 2016 . Springer Singapore; 2017:11-19.

Huang G-M, Huang K-Y, Lee T-Y, Tzu-Ya Weng J. An interpretable rule-based diagnostic classification of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetes patients.  BMC Bioinformatics.  2015;16(suppl 1):S5. Selected articles from the Thirteenth Asia Pacific Bioinformatics Conference (APBC 2015). doi:10.1186/1471-2105-16-S1-S5

(Example 5 shows an article from a special issue of the journal that has been entirely dedicated to publishing papers from the conference). 

Online conferences and webinars

• Gunn E, Kendall-Taylor J, Vandenburg B. Taking author instructions to the next level. Council of Science Editors webinar. September 10, 2015. Accessed March 15, 2016.  http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/resource-library/past-presentationswebinars/past-webinars/2015-webinar-3-taking-author-instructions-to-the-next-level/

AMA Manual, Sections 3.13.8 and 3.13.9

• Gray T. Advice after mischief is like medicine after death.  AMA Style Insider  blog. February 11, 2019. Accessed March 10, 2019. https://amastyleinsider.com/2019/02/11/advice-after-mischief-is-like-medicine-after-death/
• << Previous: AMA Examples - Print
• Next: AMA Examples - Images, Video, and Audio >>
• Last Updated: Oct 15, 2021 2:04 PM
• URL: https://libguides.lib.miamioh.edu/AMA_Citation

• Library Guides
• Special types of material

Conference Proceedings: A How-To-Find Guide

• Citing Conferences
• Search Tips
• Abstracts & Preprints
• Was It Published?

Citing Conference Papers and Proceedings

How to cite a conference paper or conference proceeding varies depending on how the paper/proceeding was made available and the style manual required by each journal or discipline. There is no such thing as a separate style guide just for conference papers.

• Conference papers can be published as part of a proceedings volume,
• Proceedings can be published in special issues of association journals (this is especially like to happen for larger associations that sponsor a conference if the association also publishes a professional journal),
• Publishers may acquire “selected papers” from a conference and publish them together as a book – often with a unique title and a note that they are reprints of some of the papers presented at x conference,
• Conference organizers may make proceedings/papers freely available on the Internet,
• Authors may make text or presentation files available on their personal/professional web page.

Typically, if a researcher is citing something from a conference, it is a specific paper or presentation rather than the entire conference proceeding.

CSE, ACS, APA, IEEE, and Chicago Manual of Style all give instructions for how to cite conference papers. All of them agree on some basic principles:

If the paper is published in a journal, cite it as a journal article

If the paper is published in a book, cite it similar to a book chapter

If citing the whole proceeding, cite it similar to a book

If the proceeding has a unique title, include that as well as the name of the conference.

All style manuals vary on specific details to include when citing an unpublished conference paper or presentation; unfortunately, very few style manuals include the conference name and location if published as a book or a journal article.

Differences for specific style manuals

ACS Style – does not include the title of the paper itself or the page numbers.

APA – uses only author initials, not full names – only the first word in the title is capitalized (unless it includes proper nouns)

Chicago Manual of Style – the main differences from APA are that the title of the presentation/paper is given in “quotes” – the title words are all capitalized properly – and the author names are spelled out in full rather than abbreviated.

Book chapter format ( ACS Style Guide , 3 rd ed., 2006, p.307-309):

Garrone, E.; Ugliengo, P. In Structure and Reactivity of Surfaces , Proceedings of the European Conference, Trieste, Italy, Sept 13-20, 1988; Zecchina, A., Cost, G., Morterra, C., Eds.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1988.

Book chapter format ( Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6 th Ed., 2009, section 7.04):

Morrison, R. S., Cronin, G. M., Hemsworth, P. H. (2011, November). Sow housing in Australia – current Australian welfare research and future directions. In R. J. van Barneveld (Ed.), Manipulating pig production XIII (pp.219-238). Proceedings of the Thirteenth Biennial Conference of the Australasian Pig Science Association (APSA), Adelaide, Australia. Werribee. Australia: Australian Pig Science Association.

Unpublished presentation ( Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6 th Ed., 2009, section 7.04):

Liu, S. (2005, May). Defending against business crises with the help of intelligent agent based early warning solutions. Paper presented at the Seventh International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Miami, FL. Abstract retrieved from http://www.iceis.org/iceis2005/abstracts_2005.htm

Unpublished presentation (Chicago Manual of Style, 16 th edition, 2009, 14.226):

Valle, Jose J. and John R. Eyler. “An FT-ICR Free Electron Laser User Facility for Determination of IRMPD Spectra of Gas-Phase Ions.” Paper presented at the 51 st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Montreal, Canada, June 8-12, 2003.

Your Librarian

• << Previous: SPIE

The library's collections and services are available to all ISU students, faculty, and staff and Parks Library is open to the public .

• Last Updated: Jan 30, 2024 3:16 PM
• URL: https://instr.iastate.libguides.com/proceedings

• SHA Libraries
• Write-n-Cite
• Citing and Referencing
• AMA: Poster Presentations & Lectures
• Vancouver/NLM: In-Text Citations
• Vancouver/NLM: Reference List General Rules
• Vancouver/NLM: Audio/Visual Media
• Vancouver/NLM: Books
• Vancouver/NLM: Book Chapters
• Vancouver/NLM: ChatGPT and Other AI Tools
• Vancouver/NLM: Collective Agreements (Union)
• Vancouver/NLM: Conference Presentations
• Vancouver/NLM: Dictionaries & Encyclopedias
• Vancouver/NLM: Drug Resources
• Vancouver/NLM: Evidence Summaries
• Vancouver/NLM: Images, Infographics & Videos
• Vancouver/NLM: Journal Articles & Preprints
• Vancouver/NLM: News Media & Blogs
• Vancouver/NLM: Poster Presentations & Lectures
• Vancouver/NLM: Policies, Guidelines & Standards
• Vancouver/NLM: Social Media
• Vancouver/NLM: Surveys, Questionnaires, Assessments
• Vancouver/NLM: Tables & Figures
• Vancouver/NLM: How to Format Tables & Figures in Doc
• Vancouver/NLM: Theses & Dissertations
• Vancouver/NLM: Websites
• AMA: In-Text Citations
• AMA: Reference List General Rules
• AMA: Audio/Visual Media
• AMA: Book Chapters
• AMA: Collective Agreements (Union)
• AMA: Conference Presentations
• AMA: Dictionaries & Encyclopedias
• AMA: Drug Resources
• AMA: Evidence Summaries
• AMA: Images, Infographics & Videos
• AMA: Journal Articles & Preprints
• AMA: News Media & Blogs
• AMA: Policies, Guidelines & Standards
• AMA: Social Media
• AMA: Surveys, Questionnaires, Assessments
• AMA: Tables & Figures
• AMA: How to Format Tables & Figures in Doc
• AMA: Theses & Dissertations
• AMA: Websites
• APA 7th: In-Text Citations
• APA 7th: Reference List General Rules
• APA 7th: Audio/Visual Media
• APA 7th: Books
• APA 7th: Chapters
• APA 7th: Collective Agreements (Union)
• APA 7th: Conference Presentations
• APA 7th: Dictionaries & Encyclopedias
• APA 7th: Drug Resources
• APA 7th: Evidence Summaries
• APA 7th: Images, Infographics & Videos
• APA 7th: Journal Articles & Preprints
• APA 7th: News Media & Blogs
• APA 7th: Poster Presentations & Lectures
• APA 7th: Policies, Guidelines & Standards
• APA 7th: Social Media
• APA 7th: Surveys, Questionnaires, Assessments
• APA 7th: Tables & Figures
• APA 7th: How to Format Tables & Figures in Doc
• APA 7th: Theses & Dissertations
• APA 7th: Websites
• Legal Materials
• Zotero: Get Zotero
• Zotero: Create a Reference
• Zotero: Save References
• Zotero: Select Output Style
• Zotero: Create a Bibliography
• Zotero: Cite While You Write
• Zotero: Share References
• Zotero: Remove Duplicates
• Zotero: Support
• EndNote: Get EndNote
• EndNote: Create a New Library
• EndNote: Create a Reference
• EndNote: Save References
• EndNote: Select Output Style
• EndNote: Create a Bibliography
• EndNote: Cite While You Write
• EndNote: Share References
• EndNote: Remove Duplicates
• EndNote: Retrieve Full-Text
• EndNote: Retracted Articles
• EndNote: Transfer References from Zotero
• EndNote: Support
• In-Text Citations
• Reference List General Rules
• Audio/Visual Media
• Book Chapters
• Collective Agreements (Union)
• Conference Presentations
• Dictionaries & Encyclopedias
• Drug Resources
• Evidence Summaries
• Images, Infographics & Videos
• Journal Articles & Preprints
• News Media & Blogs
• Policies, Guidelines & Standards
• Poster Presentations & Lectures
• Social Media
• Surveys, Questionnaires, Assessments
• Tables & Figures
• How to Format Tables & Figures in Doc
• Theses & Dissertations

Poster Presentations & Lectures

General rules.

• How to format in-text citations in your document.
• Author/editor names:  Last name + First name initial + Middle name initial (if available). e.g., Armand Peter Smith = Smith AP.
• The names of all authors and editors should be given unless there are more than 6 (7 or more), in which case the names of the first 3 authors are used, followed by “et al”).  e.g., Smith TP, Brown A, McLane E, et al.
• No authors, organization, or editors listed?  Contact  [email protected]  to ask a librarian.
• Titles:  Follow examples when using upper- and lowercase initials and italics. Do not use quotation marks for titles (e.g., "Title").
• Subtitles:  Use the colon (i.e.,  :  ) to separate the title from the subtitle. e.g., Rural Healthcare: A Definitive Guide.
• Dates:  Spell out the full month name for 'Accessed' date. e.g., June, not Jun or 06. 
• Proper nouns:  Always capitalize the first initial of country/city, person, clinical tool, organization, and/or association names.
• << Previous: AMA: News Media & Blogs
• Next: AMA: Policies, Guidelines & Standards >>
• Request an article
• Request a search
• Request a training session
• Request library physical access
• Book a room
• Guidelines & Standards
• Register with the Library
• CoM Registration
• Download mobile apps
• Stay current with BrowZine
• Citing & Referencing
• [email protected]
• 306-766-4142
• Locations & Hours
• Terms of Use
• Last Updated: Apr 18, 2024 3:30 PM
• URL: https://saskhealthauthority.libguides.com/citation

• Student Supports
• About U of M
• Current students
• Faculty and staff
• News and events
• Elizabeth Dafoe, Sciences & Technology, and Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Libraries are open for students, faculty, and staff. Archives is closed.
• Physical materials can be requested for contactless pickup at the pickup lockers at Elizabeth Dafoe Library (Fort Garry Campus) and Neil John Maclean Health Sciences Library (only accessible for Bannatyne campus students, staff, and faculty who have swipe card access).
• Our online information resources are available 24x7. Begin your search here .
• Need help? Use our Ask Us chat service and stay tuned to our update page for the most current libraries' services information.

How to cite using AMA in the Health Sciences: Visual Presentation of Data

• Getting Started
• Step 1: When to Cite
• Step 2: Citing Items In-Text
• Book - chapter
• Book - edited
• Book - whole
• ClinicalKey (topics)
• Compounding Today
• CPS (drug or topic)
• Dissertation / Thesis
• Emails or conversations
• Journal Article - online (DOI)
• Journal Article - online (URL only)
• Journal Article - pre-print
• Journal Article - print journal
• UpToDate Lexidrug (formerly Lexicomp; drug or topic)
• Merck Index Online
• Newspaper article
• Online Image
• Online Report
• Presentations or Lectures
• Social Media (Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, etc)
• UpToDate (topic)
• YouTube Video
• Formatting Tips

Visual Presentation of Data

The 'visual presentation of data' includes information such as: tables, figures, graphs, clinical imaging, photographs, illustrations, and maps. 

In Chapter 4 of the AMA Manual, you will find information on:

• How to format tables, figures, line graphs, survival plots, scatterplots, bar graphs, pie charts, diagrams, etc., with examples!

Tables/Figures/Graphs, etc., from other sources:

• It is best practice to contact the creator or copyright holder of any table, figure, graph, photograph, illustration, etc., for permission to use it before you incorporate it into your work.  Even after obtaining permission, you must still properly cite the source.
• This is especially true once you leave University.  You may end up presenting at a conference, or publishing a research article, and any tables, graphs, figures, images, etc. you wish to use or reprint from other sources must be properly cited and permission MUST be sought from the copyright holder(s).

Figures/Graphs

 Important notes:

• "Figure 1" must be   in  bold  text and followed by a period
• Descriptive title/text must be in plain text - not italicized
• "Figure 1" and the descriptive title/text is listed at the top of the figure.
• If your figure/graph contains more than 1 variable, you must include a legend
• The legend should be surrounded by a box
• The legend does  not  have to be labeled "legend."
• The dependent variable belongs on the vertical axis (y-axis) and the independent variable belongs on the horizontal axis (x-axis).  The title of the variable should be followed by (units)
• Note the text direction on the vertical axis (y-axis)
• Do not add gridlines to the figure/graph
• Include a box around the entire figure, including the title and legend
• Include a thin line under "Figure 1." and the descriptive title/text.
• Figures/tables/graphs need to be numbered in consecutive order
• Figures/tables/graphs should be numbered independently - e.g. Table 1, Figure 1  not  Table 1, Figure 2
• Make reference to the figure/table/graph in the text before it appears and ensure that it is close to the text where it appears, without going over the page

Section 4.1 of AMA Manual   provide instructions, along with numerous examples, on formatting tables using the AMA Style

Important tips to remember:

• Tables arrange data in columns and rows
• "Table + number", e.g. "Table 1." must be in  bold  text, followed by a period
• Table + number, descriptive title/text must always be found at the top of the table
• Column headings must be in  bold  text
• Row headings must be in plain text - not italicized
• The first word of a row heading should be capitalized
• Do not use vertical lines to separate the columns; horizontal lines to separate rows are okay
• You can use "footnotes" to add additional explanatory information to your table 
• You can use "footnotes" to cite data used in your table from other sources
• Footnotes are indicated by superscript lowercase letters in alphabetical order
• A box should surround the entire table, including table + number and descriptive title/text
• Tables need to be numbered in consecutive order
• Make reference to the table in the text before it appears and ensure that it is close to the text where it appears, without going over the page
• Do not try to create your table by using the "tab" and "space" buttons on your keyboard.  Create your table(s) using the "Insert," "Table" function in MS Word.

The content and design of this page was copied and adapted from the guide " AMA Style: the Basics for Pharmacy Writing " written and developed by Caitlin Carter, University of Waterloo Library.

• << Previous: Formatting Tips
• Last Updated: Apr 17, 2024 11:16 AM
• URL: https://libguides.lib.umanitoba.ca/amastyle

• Introduction
• Formatting Your Paper
• In-Text Citations
• Books and eBooks
• Business Reports
• Conference Presentations and Publications
• Dissertations and Theses
• Government Documents, Statutes, and Court Cases
• Images and Advertisements
• Missing Information
• Multiple Authors
• Personal Communications (E-mails, Interviews, etc.)
• Previous Coursework
• Religious Works
• Secondary Source/Indirect Citation (as cited in)
• Social Media
• Video and Audio
• Avoiding Plagiarism
• Annotated Bibliographies
• Get Help Now

APA 7th Edition Citation Guide Conference Presentations and Publications

Conference presentation.

For conference presentations, include the presenters' names, the dates of the entire conference, the title of the presentation, a description of the presentation, the name of the conference, the location of the conference, and a link if it is available.

The description of the presentation is flexible and should be included in square brackets after the title: e.g. [Conference presentation], [Poster session], [Keynote address], [Paper presentation], etc.

Reference Page Format:

Presenter, P. P. (Year, Month Days). Title of the presentation [Description of the presentation]. Title of Conference. City, State, and Country where the conference took place. Hyperlink.

Reference Page Example:

Sanentz, S. N., & Lesk, M. (2015, November 6-10). Toward a semantic stability index (SSI) via a preliminary exploration of translation looping [Poster session]. 78th ASIS&T Annual Meeting: Information Science with Impact: Research in and for the Community, St. Louis, MO, United States. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2857143

In-text Citation Examples:

Sanentz and Lesk (2015) shared that ... ...( Sanentz & Lesk,  2015 ).

Conference Publication

Conference publications can vary in how they are formatted, generally being published in the form of journal articles, whole books, or book chapters. Determine which option best fits the source you found and cite it as you would a journal article , book , or book chapter . 

Below is an example of a conference publication formatted similarly to a chapter in a book.

Author, A. A. (Year of Publication). Title of article.  In A. A. Editor, Title of conference proceeding. Publisher.  DOI or URL

Erdelez, S., Howarth, L. C., & Gibson, T. (2015). How can information science contribute to Alzheimer's disease research? In  Proceedings of the 78th ASIS&T Annual Meeting: Information science with impact: Research in and for the communit y .  Association of Information Science and Technology. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2857076

Erdelez et al. (2015) shared that ... ...( Erdelez et al.,  2015).

• << Previous: ChatGPT
• Next: Dissertations and Theses >>
• Last Updated: Jan 23, 2024 8:28 AM
• URL: https://library.csp.edu/apa

• Find Resources

Library and Academic Support Services Concordia University, St. Paul 1282 Concordia Aveneu Saint Paul, MN 55104

• 651-641-823
• [email protected]
• Report a problem

Connect with us

© Concordia University, St. Paul

• Support RFU

• Boxer Library

Q. How do I cite an abstract in AMA (American Medical Association) Style ?

• 22 About the Library
• 5 Advanced Searching Techniques
• 3 Borrowing Materials
• 21 Citations & Citation Managers
• 1 Copyright
• 23 Databases
• 17 Finding Sources
• 6 Interlibrary Loan & Print2PDF
• 11 Online Access
• 1 Policies & Procedures
• 18 Systematic & Scoping Reviews
• 2 Textbooks & Course Reserves
• 5 Up to Date

Answered By: Charlotte Beyer, MSIS, AHIP Last Updated: Nov 02, 2022     Views: 51025

It really depends on where you find the abstract. The only way you should use the abstract is if the full article is not available. If you are citing the abstract as part of the full article, cite the full article. To learn how to find articles by title click here. 

Author. Article Title [Abstract Number]. Journal Title . Year;Volume(issue): page numbers. 

Fliesler SJ, Richards MJ, Peachey NS, Buchan B, Vaughan DK, Organisciak DT. Potentiation of retinal light damage in an animal model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome [ARVO abstract 3373].  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci . 2001;42(suppl):S627.

Format: Authors. Abstract Title. [abstract taken from Journal Title. Year;Volume(issue):Page Numbers]. Abstract Journal Title . Year;Volume(Issue):Page Number. 

Example:  Elner VM, Hassan AS, Frueh BR. Graded full-thickness anterior blepharotomy for upper eyelid retraction [abstract taken from  Arch Ophthalmol . 2004;122(1):55-60].  Arch Facial Plast Surg . 2004;6(4):277.

If the abstract was published in an issue devoted to conference proceedings:

Format: Authors. Presentation title. In proceedings title; Date; Location of Conference. Abstract number. 

Example: Khuri FR, Lee JJ, Lippman SM, et al. Isotretinoin effects on head and neck cancer recurrence and second primary tumors. In: Proceedings from the American Society of Clinical Oncology; May 31-June 3, 2003; Chicago, IL. Abstract 359.

If abstract is only in the conference program:

Format: Authors. Paper or Poster Title. Paper or Poster presented at: Meeting title with Full Association Title; Date of Presentation; Location of Conference. 

Example:  Durbin D, Kallan M, Elliott M, Arbogast K, Cornejo R, Winston F. Risk of injury to restrained children from passenger air bags. Paper presented at:  46th Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement for Automotive Medicine; September 20, 2002; Tempe, AZ.

• Share on Facebook

Was this helpful? Yes 31 No 1

Comments (0)

Related topics.

• Citations & Citation Managers

• ALiEM Library
• ALiEMU: Be Free To Learn
• Bridge to EM: Senior Medical Student Curriculum
• Chief Resident Incubator: Legacy Edition
• EM Bound: Medical student newsletter
• EM Match Advice Series
• Faculty Incubator
• GroundED in EM: A Third-Year Student Curriculum
• How I Educate Series
• IDEA Series
• The Leader’s Library
• MEdIC series
• How I Podcast Smarter Series
• How I Stay Healthy Series
• How I Work Smarter Series
• Social Media & Tech
• 60-Second Soapbox
• EM Pharm Pearls
• Lab It Up Library
• SAEM Clinical Images
• SplintER Series
• Tricks of the Trade
• Ultrasound for the Win
• Meet the Team
• Culture Book
• Disclaimer / Privacy / Copyright

How to Cite Podcasts, Videos, and Blogs in a Publication (AMA 10th edition)

Updated on 2-28-24 based on the AMA Manual of Style (11th edition, 2020)

As medical education podcasts, videos, and blogs continue to grow in popularity it is crucial that we cite them correctly in traditional publications, specifically journal articles and textbook chapters. In a previous blog post, I described a format for citing these works on a CV . The American Medical Association (AMA) Manual of Style is in its 10th edition, with the last update being published in 2007, 1 largely before the tidal wave of “nontraditional” publications. Based on the AMA Manual of Style, how should we reference these digital publications?

The Manual of Style notes that “as much relevant information as possible should be included.” Information may be missing, but it makes sense to include everything possible.

Web-Based Audio Publications (Podcasts)

AMA does not specifically describe a way to cite audio podcasts, with the closest options being an “audiotape” or an “online conference presentation.” Hopefully this will be updated in the next edition (and maybe they will also abandon obsolete references such as “books on CD-ROM”). The citation for online conference presentation offers more information than the audiotape option, and is therefore, my recommendation for citing a podcast. Here is how to write the citation:

Last Name First Initial. Title of Episode. Title of Podcast. Date of Publication. URL. Accessed [date].

• Mason J, Bavolek R. Placenta Previa. Emergency Medicine Reviews and Perspectives. October 1, 2018. https://www.emrap.org/episode/emrap20181/placentaprevia . Accessed November 21, 2018.

Educational Videos

The AMA Manual of Style also does not have a specific way to cite online video publications. The citation guide for videotapes sounds like a good fit, but this assumes the video is published by a production company and includes the production company name and location in the citation. This is largely irrelevant to many videos being produced for medical education. Instead, I am recommending we use the same format as above for an “online conference presentation,” which provides more pertinent information. All known information should be included. Here is how to write the citation:

Last Name First Initial. Title of Video. Video Producer. Date of Publication. URL. Accessed [date].

• Mason J. Placing a Transvenous Pacemaker. Emergency Medicine Reviews and Perspectives. October 1, 2018. https://www.emrap.org/episode/transvenous/transvenous . Accessed November 21, 2018.
• Mason J. Placing a Transvenous Pacemaker. EM:RAP Productions. October 11, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00-T8PcbStE . Accessed November 21, 2018.

Blogs should be cited as websites until the AMA updates their Manual of Style. The following citation format can be used:

Last Name First Initial. Title of Blog Post. Name of Blog. URL. Published [date]. Updated [date]. Accessed [date].

• Riveros T, Kim J, Dyer S. Trick of the Trade: Fishhook Removal Techniques. Academic Life in Emergency Medicine. https://www.aliem.com/2018/01/trick-fishhook-removal-techniques/ . Published January 8, 2018. Accessed November 21, 2018.
• Latest Posts

Jessica Mason, MD

Latest posts by jessica mason, md ( see all ).

• How to Cite Videos, Podcasts, Apps, Media, and Blogs in a Publication or CV (AMA style 11th edition) - February 28, 2024
• How to Cite Podcasts, Videos, and Blogs in a Publication (AMA 10th edition) - November 26, 2018
• Citing Audio and Video Publications on Your CV (AMA 10th edition) - January 18, 2018

Related Posts

How to Cite Videos, Podcasts, Apps, Media, and Blogs in a Publication or CV (AMA style 11th edition)

Coaching for Faculty: The Secret to Unlocking Professional Success

IDEA Series: Specialised Lectures in Emergency Medicine (SLEM) – A virtual conference to strengthen EM education in the developing world