bless me ultima essay prompts

Bless Me, Ultima

by Rudolfo Anaya

Bless me, ultima essay questions.

What tensions are created for Antonio in his life because of his parents’ different backgrounds?

Because Antonio’s mother is a Luna and his father is a Marez, Antonio is born into a ready conflict between the two families. While his mother hopes that he will become a priest, a hope that is shared by Antonio’s Luna uncles, his father hopes that he will become a vaquero like the Marez. This tension between the families is highlighted by the conflict that arises at the moment of Antonio’s birth and causes him a great deal of anxiety about his purpose in life. Although Antonio does not want to disappoint either of his parents, he must eventually choose his own path.

Is the novel a romance, a fantasy, or a realistic life story? Why?

The novel contains elements of all of these types of stories. It is a very realistic life story because it follows the growth of its young protagonist as he deals with real life issues. It is also based on the author’s actual childhood. At the same time, the novel contains many elements of fantasy and magic, with the myth of the Golden Carp, the good magic of Ultima, and the black magic of the Trementina sisters. Finally, the novel is also a romance novel because it is centered on the relationship between Antonio and Ultima and traces their development and growth. Therefore, although the novel is, at its center, a realistic coming-of-age story, it still contains all of the romance and magic of the myths that it describes.

What are the events in the book that change Antonio’s life the most? What are they and why are they so important?

The deaths of Lupito, Narciso, and Florence are significant life-changing events for Antonio. The death of Lupito is particularly significant because it is the first death Antonio has witnessed, and it inspires his first questions about sin, death, and morality. Although these experiences are the most obvious choices, the novel also contains other experiences which could be read as being equally life-changing. Antonio’s first experience with the Golden Carp is very important because it helps him to develop a new faith and begin to question the restrictions of Catholicism. Similarly, Antonio’s presence when Ultima lifts the curse from Uncle Lucas provides Antonio with his first clear insight to the world of magic and pagan healing. Finally, Ultima’s death and Antonio’s burial of the owl can also be read as a crucial life-changing experience because of Antonio’s eventual understanding that he must follow his own path in life.

What is the importance of dreams in the novel? Which dream is the most important to Antonio is his questions about life?

Antonio has several dreams throughout the novel, each of which highlight his particular anxiety or obsession at the time. His dreams provide key insights into his character because they allow the reader to mark the development of his character; his early dreams are concerned with his future and the conflict between the Luna and the Marez while his later dreams are apocalyptic and concerned with larger issues of morality. The most apocalyptic dream is also perhaps the most important dream in terms of Antonio’s questions about life. In this dream, everything in the world is destroyed in horrific bloodshed, and the Golden Carp decides to give new birth and new purity to the world. Although Antonio is still fearful of sin and religion, this dream gives him new hope for a world of sinners.

What will Antonio become when he grows up? A priest? A vaquero? Why or why not?

Antonio’s future is not clear because, at the end of the novel, he has finally decided to choose his own path. Instead of adhering to the beliefs of his mother or the desires of his father, he will fulfill Ultima’s encouragement to follow his heart. With this in mind, it seems likely that Antonio will probably become a writer. At his birth, he reached out to the pen and paper, an action which, according to Ultima, will result in him becoming a man of learning. Whether or not this means that Antonio will become a priest as well is uncertain. Considering his questions about religion and morality and his anxieties about sin, it seems as if the life of a priest is not for him. However, no matter what he decides to do when he becomes an adult, the most important thing is that he has learned to make his own path.

What is the significance of Antonio discovering Andrew’s presence at the brothel?

Andrew’s presence at the brothel undercuts Antonio’s view of his brother in several ways. First of all, Antonio makes a clear connection between sin and the brothel. Andrew’s presence in the den of sin ruins Antonio’s idealized view of him, particularly since he had always denied the idea that Andrew would keep company with prostitutes. Secondly, Andrew refusal to leave the brothel indirectly leads to Narciso’s murder at Tenorio’s hands. If Andrew had not been blinded by his lust and had accompanied Narciso, Narciso’s death could have been avoided. Antonio cannot help but blame his brother for the second death of the book. Finally, Andrew’s presence at the brothel undercuts one of Antonio’s dream in which Andrew promised not to enter the brothel until Antonio had lost his innocence. Since Andrew has entered the brothel, Antonio must assume that he has also lost his own innocence.

How does the novel demonstrate the conflict between the doctrine of the Catholic Church and the pagan beliefs of the Golden Carp?

This tension is highlighted by the roles played by several characters in the book. Ultima, a figure that clearly corresponds to pagan beliefs and New Mexican myth, is set in opposition to Father Byrnes, the strict priest who upholds Catholic doctrine. Over the course of the book, both characters strive to teach Antonio their individual crafts, with Ultima introducing him to herbs, plants, and the presence of the river, and Father Byrnes teaching Antonio his catechism. Antonio’s mother, a devoutly Catholic woman, is determined to make Antonio into a priest and is set in conflict with Antonio’s father, who worships the earth and the sky as a true vaquero. The character of Florence is also extremely significant in emphasizing this conflict between religion and paganism. His insistence that a compassionate God cannot exist in the world sets Antonio at odds with his own Catholic upbringing and desire to help his friend find faith.

What is the significance of Antonio’s age in the novel? How would the novel be different if he were older?

The novel is presented as a coming-of-age story in which the protagonist grows and develops as he experiences the tragedies of life. Another important theme of the novel is the question of sin and morality and the loss of innocence. At the beginning of the novel, Antonio is only six years old and very much a child in terms of understanding and innocence. Over the course of the novel, however, Antonio is exposed to events that force him to lose his innocence: the death of Lupito by the river, Narciso’s murder by Tenorio, Florence’s accidental drowning, and Ultima’s death. Antonio must learn to reconcile this loss of innocence in order to become a man and follow his own path in life. Eventually, he is able to overcome his anxieties and realizes that a life of faith and a life of action are not mutually exclusive. Because this loss of innocence is a crucial element of the novel and Antonio’s development as a character, the novel would not be as successful if he were older. Antonio’s older brothers are already beyond this age of self-awareness, and it is important that Antonio is both self-aware and susceptible to change as an individual.

What is the role of women in the novel? Is the strongest character male or female?

The culture of Latino communities is patriarchal in nature, with men existing in the positions of power. Corresponding to that expectation, women do not place a hugely active role in the novel. Antonio’s mother urges him to become a priest, but she does not have any power in the community or even the power to decide her son’s future. Antonio’s sisters are even more passive in the book; unlike Antonio’s brothers who are very strong characters, his sisters are involved in very little of the plot. All of the important events in the novel (the death of Lupito; the murder of Narciso; Florence’s drowning; the discovery of the Golden Carp) take place with limited or no female presence. The only exception to this rule is Ultima. Over all, Ultima is the strongest character in the book, and she ultimately teaches Antonio the most about life and the path to follow in his future. She also has the most power in the book and is able to use magic to lift curses and reinforce balance. Ultima’s strength as a character is perhaps due to her position as a curandera. Although she is important in the community, her skills and power her from the rest of the town and ensure that she can never truly fit in with everyone else. In order for her to have power and exist as a strong female character, it seems that Ultima must lead an isolated existence.

What scene in the novel forces the readers to question Ultima’s true nature? Why is this scene important?

Readers are forced to question Ultima’s true nature in the scene when Tenorio and his mob accuse Ultima of witchcraft. They agree to test Ultima by placing a cross of needles above the doorway and seeing if she is able to pass through; if she cannot, they reason, she must be a witch. Ultima successfully passes through the doorway, but Antonio notices that the cross has fallen on the ground. It is unclear whether or not Ultima was truly able to pass through the doorway when it is marked with the holy cross. This realization forces Antonio to question the dichotomy between good and evil. Ultima performs good deeds, but she is still accused of being a witch. At the same time, Tenorio takes evil actions but cannot be blamed for seeking to avenge the deaths of his daughters. Antonio must ultimately conclude that a good person is one who acts according to the spirit of Catholicism, not necessary the person who upholds the law of Catholicism.

Bless Me, Ultima Questions and Answers

The Question and Answer section for Bless Me, Ultima is a great resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel.

how do the babes of limbo serve as a metaphor for antonio’s dilemma

Ultima’s owl takes up residence near Antonio’s home. Although owls are said to be a disguise taken by brujas, or witches, Antonio dreams that the owl carries the Virgin of Guadalupe and all the babes of Limbo to heaven. Is Antonio in Limbo? Does...

The events of Bless Me, Ultima take place in the middle 1940s, during and immediately after World War II. How, if at all, is the war or this particular moment in history significant to the story the novel tells?

Although World War II does not play a large role in the events of the novel, it is extremely significant in the way that it shapes certain characters. As the novel opens, the Marez family is incomplete because Leon, Eugene, and Andrew are all...

After Antonio recovers, he sits with Ultima and listens to stories about the old days in Las Pasturas. She talks of Narciso's youth and how he turned to drinking after he lost his young wife to diphtheria. The family friends from Las Pasturas tell...

Study Guide for Bless Me, Ultima

Bless Me, Ultima study guide contains a biography of Rudolfo Anaya, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis.

• About Bless Me, Ultima
• Bless Me, Ultima Summary
• Character List

Essays for Bless Me, Ultima

Bless Me, Ultima literature essays are academic essays for citation. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Bless Me, Ultima.

• Antonio's Syncretism Through Education in Bless Me Ultima
• The Journey to Independence
• Hope and Understanding: Comparing Life of Pi and Bless Me, Ultima
• The Good, the Bad, and the Ultima: Dialogue and Perspective in Anaya's Novel

Lesson Plan for Bless Me, Ultima

• About the Author
• Study Objectives
• Common Core Standards
• Introduction to Bless Me, Ultima
• Relationship to Other Books
• Bringing in Technology
• Notes to the Teacher
• Related Links
• Bless Me, Ultima Bibliography

Wikipedia Entries for Bless Me, Ultima

• Introduction
• Creation and purpose as an autobiography
• Historical context
• Plot summary
• Literary interpretations

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Bless Me, Ultima Essay Topics & Writing Assignments

Rudolfo Anaya, the author, believes the supernatural and ordinary reality exist side by side. What are some examples of the supernatural in the novel? What are examples of ordinary reality in the novel? Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Explain why or why not.

Antonio and Ultima are two of the most influential characters in Bless Me Ultima and have a major impact on the rest of the characters in the story. Part 1) Compare and contrast the characters of Antonio and Ultima. How are they the same? How are they different? Part 2) Considering the differences between Antonio and Ultima, what are other characters or images which are also different in the novel? Part 3) Considering the similarities between Antonio and Ultima, cite examples from the book that are metaphors for something else.

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• Bless Me, Ultima

Rudolfo Anaya

• Literature Notes
• The Structure of Bless Me, Ultima
• Book Summary
• About Bless Me, Ultima
• Character List
• Summary and Analysis
• Chapters 2-3
• Chapters 4-5
• Chapters 7-8
• Chapters 9-11
• Chapters 12-14
• Chapters 17-19
• Character Analysis
• Rudolfo Anaya Biography
• Critical Essays
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• Witchery in the Southwest
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• Essay Questions
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Critical Essays The Structure of Bless Me, Ultima

The life of young Antonio Márez, like our own lives, is a multidimensional, booming, buzzing world — laced with constraints and opportunities, absolutes and relativisms, structures and freedoms, harmonies and conflicts, unities and divisions, consistencies and traditions, love and hate, good and evil. The primary structural feature of the novel is conflict — in the form of competing modes of understanding between farmers and cowboys, priests and healers, children and adults. War, too, is prominent in the novel. World War II is a distant ogre to whom U.S. citizens sacrifice their sons, and even if some of these sons returned, they were often poisoned with ''war sickness.'' Indeed, there are tiny wars going on throughout the novel. One rages within Antonio, another among the students at school, and still another between the students and their teacher.

Antonio is caught between the competing lifestyles of his paternal and maternal families, and this conflict is embedded in the broader tension between Chicano/a and American cultures. His quest to understand takes him from a naive, innocent view of the world to one of increased knowledge and self-understanding. In the end, he learns that new outcomes can be formed from one's past and that one should accept and gain strength from life rather than succumb to despair. Anaya seems to be saying that adversity and suffering can be productive and beautiful by making us stronger, wiser, and more sympathetic persons.

Anaya uses dream sequences to highlight the inner conflicts that push Antonio to understand the world around him. The dreams emphasize Antonio's acute intuitive sense, the conflictive understandings he has of the world around him, and his own deep fears. They are windows into Antonio's unconscious world as he matures and deepens his understanding. The dreams foreshadow many of the major events in Antonio's life.

Moments of profound revelation on the part of Antonio parallel the epiphanies felt by Stephen Dedalus in James Joyce's Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Indeed, Anaya himself writes about "epiphany in landscape," that profound sense of place that humans have with their environments — in particular, the relationship that Chicano/as have with the earth. The first epiphany occurs when Ultima opens Antonio's eyes to the beauty of the llano and the magic of the river valley. For the first time, Antonio feels the pulse of the earth and the unity between it and the various life forms, and he dissolves himself "into one strange, complete being."

The novel is written in a simple style that demonstrates the perceptive images of Anaya's understanding of the rural culture of Chicano/as in eastern New Mexico in the 1940s. It is bilingual in that it is interspersed with Spanish phrases and terms, but it lacks the fluid code-switching found in everyday life.

The autobiographical ethos of the novel has been recognized by many critical reviewers, and Anaya himself has been very explicit on this matter. The trilogy comprised of Bless Me, Ultima, Heart of Aztlan, and Tortuga has been acknowledged by Anaya as somewhat autobiographical in the sense that he uses the memories of his experiences as sources for his writings. His mother was from the Puerto de Luna valley, where Billy the Kid, el Bilito, attended Mexican dances and wrestled in the streets with his Mexican-American friends. Anaya's father was a vaquero who knew the hard work of the large ranchos on the plains. More affinities between the life of Antonio and that of Rudolfo can be traced, but the novel is not truly autobiographical, nor is it intended as such. Rather, it is a cultural novel that explores the ancestral heritage of Chicano/as and its relevance for their lives in the present. Much like Rodolfo Gonzales' epic poem, Yo Soy Joaquin, this novel frames an ethnic identity that resonates strongly with the Chicano/a readership in the United States. Other important Chicano/a literary works that address similar issues include Jose Antonio Villareal's Pocho, Sandra Cisneros' House on Mango Street (written from the perspective of a young girl), Richard Rodriguez' Hunger of Memory, and Mary Helen Ponce's Hoyt Street: An Autobiography.

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Bless Me, Ultima: Analysis

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Published: Mar 20, 2024

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Bless Me, Ultima

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