physics extended essay

IB Physics EE examples

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IB Physics Extended Essay Topics for IB

Table of contents

• Writing Metier

What’s up, IB scholars? You’re about to start writing your IB Physics Extended Essay, and I know you’re searching for that killer topic that’s going to stand out. Well, guess what? I’ve got over 100 extended essay topics and research questions ready for you. 

You do not need to thank me; you better say thank you to our IB writers at Writing Metier , who have invented and forwarded this awesome list to me for submission.

This isn’t just about getting it done; it’s about crushing it with something you’re passionate about.  So let’s get straight to the point and find you Physics EE ideas that will make some noise and show what you’ve got!

100+ Physics Extended Essay Topics

I’m breaking the list into ten categories for IB Physics extended essay topics, each with three subcategories for easier navigation:

• Projectile Motion (e.g., trajectory analysis, range equations, effects of air resistance)
• Circular Motion (e.g., centripetal force in different systems, banking angles, conical pendulums)
• Dynamics of Rigid Bodies (e.g., rotational inertia, torque, angular momentum conservation)
• Thermodynamics
• Heat Transfer (e.g., efficiency of different materials as insulators, rate of cooling, Newton’s law of cooling)
• Gas Laws (e.g., pressure-volume relationship, temperature effects, real vs. ideal gases)
• Phase Changes (e.g., specific heat capacities, latent heat, cooling curves)
• Waves and Oscillations
• Harmonic Motion (e.g., pendulums, mass-spring systems, resonance)
• Wave Properties (e.g., speed of sound in various media, diffraction patterns, polarization)
• Sound and Acoustics (e.g., Doppler effect, sound intensity, acoustic properties of materials)
• Electricity and Magnetism
• Circuit Analysis (e.g., Ohm’s law, series vs. parallel circuits, Kirchhoff’s laws)
• Electromagnetism (e.g., Faraday’s law, magnetic fields around conductors, applications of electromagnets)
• Capacitance and Inductance (e.g., time constants, LC circuits, energy storage)
• Modern Physics
• Quantum Phenomena (e.g., photoelectric effect, electron diffraction, energy levels in atoms)
• Nuclear Physics (e.g., radioactive decay, half-life, nuclear reactions)
• Special Relativity (e.g., time dilation, length contraction, mass-energy equivalence)
• Energy and Power
• Renewable Energy Sources (e.g., efficiency of solar panels, wind turbine performance, biofuels)
• Energy Conversion (e.g., internal combustion engines, thermal power plants, regenerative braking)
• Power Transmission (e.g., electrical grid efficiency, power loss, superconductors)
• Fluid Dynamics
• Aerodynamics (e.g., lift and drag forces, Bernoulli’s principle, airfoil shapes)
• Hydrodynamics (e.g., flow rate, viscosity effects, Reynolds number)
• Buoyancy and Density (e.g., Archimedes’ principle, floating and sinking, density stratification)
• Astrophysics and Cosmology
• Stellar Physics (e.g., Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, star classifications, blackbody radiation)
• Cosmological Models (e.g., Big Bang theory, cosmic microwave background, dark matter)
• Orbital Mechanics (e.g., Kepler’s laws, satellite motion, escape velocity)
• Optics and Light
• Reflection and Refraction (e.g., Snell’s law, critical angle, optical fibers)
• Lens and Mirror Optics (e.g., image formation, focal length, magnification)
• Interference and Diffraction (e.g., double-slit experiment, diffraction gratings, holography)
• Electromagnetic Waves
• Radio and Microwave Radiation (e.g., antenna design, signal propagation, communication systems)
• Infrared and Ultraviolet Light (e.g., thermal imaging, UV radiation effects, spectroscopy)
• X-rays and Gamma Rays (e.g., medical imaging, radiation therapy, nuclear gamma spectroscopy)

Each of these categories and subcategories can be explored through experiments, data analysis, or theoretical investigation, offering a wide range of possibilities for IB students to develop their IB Physics EE topics.

Mechanics Topics and Research Questions

Projectile Motion

Topic:  The effect of launch angle on the range of a projectile.

Research Question:  How does changing the launch angle affect the horizontal distance traveled by a projectile?

Topic:  The impact of air resistance on the trajectory of a projectile.

Research Question:  To what extent does air resistance alter the trajectory of a projectile compared to the idealized motion?

Topic:  The accuracy of range equations in predicting projectile motion.

Research Question:  How accurately do standard range equations predict the motion of a projectile in a controlled environment?

Circular Motion

Topic:  Measuring centripetal force in a rotating system.

Research Question:  How does the centripetal force required for circular motion change with the radius and speed of the rotating object?

Topic:  The physics of banking angles in road design.

Research Question:  What is the optimal banking angle for a curve on a road to maximize friction and safety at a given speed?

Topic:  Investigating the period of a conical pendulum.

Research Question:  How does the length of the string affect the period of oscillation of a conical pendulum?

Dynamics of Rigid Bodies

Topic:  The relationship between rotational inertia and angular acceleration.

Research Question:  How does changing the distribution of mass affect the rotational inertia and angular acceleration of a rigid body?

Topic:  The conservation of angular momentum in a closed system.

Research Question:  How does the angular momentum of a system change when the moment of inertia is altered?

Topic:  The effect of torque on rotational motion.

Research Question:  How does the application of torque affect the rotational motion of a rigid body with a fixed axis?

Mechanics shows us how things move and what affects them, but when we start talking about thermodynamics, we’re dealing with heat and energy. 

It’s like going from watching a ball roll down a hill to understanding why it feels warm to the touch on a sunny day.

Thermodynamics Topics and Research Questions

Heat Transfer

Topic:  Comparing the thermal insulation properties of various materials.

Research Question:  Which material provides the best thermal insulation for a given application, and why?

Topic:  The rate of cooling of a liquid in different environments.

Research Question:  How does the rate of cooling of a hot liquid differ between various environmental conditions?

Topic:  Investigating Newton’s law of cooling.

Research Question:  How closely does the cooling of a warm object follow Newton’s law of cooling in a real-world setting?

Topic:  The pressure-volume relationship of a gas at constant temperature.

Research Question:  How does the volume of a gas change with pressure at a constant temperature, and does it align with Boyle’s law?

Topic:  Temperature effects on the pressure of an enclosed gas.

Research Question:  How does the pressure of a fixed amount of gas change with temperature in a sealed container?

Topic:  Real vs. ideal gases under different conditions.

Research Question:  How do the behaviors of real gases deviate from the predictions of the ideal gas law under high-pressure conditions?

Phase Changes

Topic:  Measuring specific heat capacities of different substances.

Research Question:  How do the specific heat capacities of different substances compare, and what implications does this have for their use in heat storage?

Topic:  The energy involved in the phase change of materials.

Research Question:  How much energy is absorbed or released during the phase change of a substance, and how does this relate to its latent heat?

Topic:  Analyzing cooling curves of substances.

Research Question:  What can the cooling curve of a substance tell us about its phase change properties and purity?

After getting a grip on how heat works, it’s pretty cool to see how that energy gets around. Waves are all about energy transfer, whether it’s the sound from your speakers or the ripples on a pond when you toss a stone.

Waves and Oscillations Topics and Research Questions

Harmonic Motion

Topic:  The period of a simple pendulum.

Research Question:  How does the length of a pendulum affect its period, and does this confirm the theoretical model?

Topic:  The behavior of mass-spring systems.

Research Question:  How do different spring constants affect the oscillation of a mass-spring system?

Topic:  Resonance frequencies in mechanical systems.

Research Question:  At what frequencies do various mechanical systems resonate, and what factors influence this?

Wave Properties

Topic:  Measuring the speed of sound in different media.

Research Question:  How does the speed of sound compare in various gases, and what does this tell us about the properties of those gases?

Topic:  Investigating diffraction patterns through different apertures.

Research Question:  How do diffraction patterns change with the shape and size of apertures?

Topic:  Polarization of light by various materials.

Research Question:  How effectively can different materials polarize light, and what does this indicate about their structure?

Sound and Acoustics

Topic:  The Doppler effect and moving sources.

Research Question:  How does the frequency of a sound wave change as the source moves relative to an observer?

Topic:  Sound intensity levels at different distances.

Research Question:  How does the intensity of sound change with distance from the source, and is it consistent with the inverse square law?

Topic:  Acoustic properties of materials in soundproofing.

Research Question:  Which materials are most effective at soundproofing a room, and how do their acoustic properties contribute to this effectiveness?

Each of these topics can be tailored to fit the requirements of an IB Physics extended essay, with the research question guiding the experimental design, data collection, and analysis.

If you are interested, we also have a list of potential  Physics IA topic ideas  for you. Make sure to check them out as well.

Once you’ve got a handle on waves, you’re ready to see how they relate to electricity and magnetism. It’s like connecting the dots between the vibrations in the air and the current in the wires of your headphones.

Electricity and Magnetism Topics and Research Questions

Circuit Analysis

Topic:  The resistance of series and parallel circuits.

Research Question:  How does the total resistance in a circuit vary with the arrangement of resistors in series and parallel configurations?

Topic:  Verification of Kirchhoff’s laws in complex circuits.

Research Question:  How accurately do Kirchhoff’s laws predict the current and voltage distribution in a multi-loop circuit?

Topic:  The temperature dependence of resistivity in conductors.

Research Question:  How does the resistivity of a metallic conductor change with temperature, and what does this imply about electron scattering?

Electromagnetism

Topic:  Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.

Research Question:  How does the rate of change of magnetic flux influence the induced EMF in a coil?

Topic:  The magnetic field patterns around different conductor configurations.

Research Question:  How do the configurations of conductors affect the shape and strength of the magnetic fields they produce?

Topic:  The efficiency of electromagnets.

Research Question:  What factors determine the lifting power of an electromagnet, and how can its efficiency be maximized?

Capacitance and Inductance

Topic:  Time constants in RC circuits.

Research Question:  How does the capacitance and resistance in an RC circuit affect its charging and discharging time constants?

Topic:  Resonance in LC circuits.

Research Question:  At what conditions does resonance occur in an LC circuit, and how does this affect the circuit’s impedance?

Topic:  Energy storage in capacitors and inductors.

Research Question:  How do capacitors and inductors store energy, and what factors affect their energy storage capacity?

Electricity and magnetism are pretty easy to see in action, but modern physics? That’s where things get wild. You’re not just looking at what’s in front of you anymore; you’re considering what’s happening on a scale so small or so huge that it bends your mind a bit.

Modern Physics Topics and Research Questions

Quantum Phenomena

Topic:  The photoelectric effect and Planck’s constant.

Research Question:  How can the photoelectric effect be used to determine Planck’s constant, and what does this reveal about the nature of light?

Topic:  Electron diffraction and crystal structure.

Research Question:  How does electron diffraction provide evidence for the wave nature of electrons and the structure of crystals?

Topic:  Energy levels in hydrogen atoms.

Research Question:  How do the observed spectral lines of hydrogen correspond to the theoretical energy levels predicted by quantum mechanics?

Nuclear Physics

Topic:  Radioactive decay series.

Research Question:  How does the decay series of a radioactive isotope correspond to theoretical predictions of half-life and decay pathways?

Topic:  The effect of shielding on radiation intensity.

Research Question:  How effective are different materials at shielding against various types of radioactive emissions?

Topic:  Nuclear reaction energy calculations.

Research Question:  How does the measured energy released in a nuclear reaction compare to the values predicted by the mass-energy equivalence principle?

Special Relativity

Topic:  Time dilation observed in cosmic muons.

Research Question:  How does the observed decay rate of cosmic muons provide evidence for time dilation effects predicted by special relativity?

Topic:  Length contraction and high-speed particles.

Research Question:  How can length contraction be demonstrated or inferred from high-speed particle interactions?

Topic:  Mass-energy equivalence in particle physics.

Research Question:  How does the increase in mass of particles at high velocities provide evidence for the mass-energy equivalence principle?

But even with all that mind-bending stuff, physics isn’t just about theory. It’s also about practical stuff, like how we use energy. From solar panels on your roof to the battery in your phone, it’s all about getting the power we need to do what we want.

Energy and Power Topics and Research Questions

Renewable Energy Sources

Topic:  The efficiency of photovoltaic cells under different conditions.

Research Question:  How do factors such as light intensity, wavelength, and temperature affect the efficiency of solar panels?

Topic:  Performance analysis of wind turbines.

Research Question:  How does blade design affect the efficiency and power output of a wind turbine?

Topic:  The viability of biofuels compared to fossil fuels.

Research Question:  How do the energy outputs and carbon footprints of biofuels compare to those of traditional fossil fuels?

Energy Conversion

Topic:  The efficiency of internal combustion engines.

Research Question:  How do variables such as fuel type and engine temperature affect the efficiency of an internal combustion engine?

Topic:  Thermal efficiency of power plants.

Research Question:  What are the main factors that limit the thermal efficiency of modern thermal power plants?

Topic:  The effectiveness of regenerative braking systems.

Research Question:  How much energy can regenerative braking systems realistically recover during vehicle deceleration?

Power Transmission

Topic:  Electrical grid efficiency and power loss.

Research Question:  How does the distance and cross-sectional area of transmission lines affect power loss in an electrical grid?

Topic:  The potential of superconductors in power transmission.

Research Question:  What are the challenges and potential benefits of using superconductors for power transmission?

Topic:  The impact of load balancing on power grid stability.

Research Question:  How does load balancing affect the stability and efficiency of a power grid?

These topics and research questions are designed to inspire a range of investigations for the Physics Extended Essay, allowing students to delve into both experimental and theoretical aspects of physics.

And speaking of practical, fluid dynamics is all about understanding how liquids and gases move. It’s like figuring out why blowing over a hot soup cools it down or how an airplane stays up in the sky.

Fluid Dynamics Topics and Research Questions

Aerodynamics

Topic:  The effect of airfoil shape on lift generation.

Research Question:  How does altering the curvature and angle of an airfoil affect its lift and drag forces?

Topic:  Application of Bernoulli’s principle to various wing designs.

Research Question:  How do different wing designs in aircraft utilize Bernoulli’s principle to achieve lift?

Topic:  Drag force comparison on streamlined vs. bluff bodies.

Research Question:  How does the shape of an object affect the drag force experienced at different flow velocities?

Hydrodynamics

Topic:  The relationship between flow rate and pipe diameter in fluid dynamics.

Research Question:  How does changing the diameter of a pipe affect the flow rate of a fluid within it, given a constant pressure difference?

Topic:  Viscosity effects on fluid flow in channels.

Research Question:  How does the viscosity of a fluid influence its flow characteristics in narrow channels?

Topic:  Analysis of Reynolds number in predicting fluid flow regimes.

Research Question:  How does the Reynolds number determine the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in a pipe?

Buoyancy and Density

Topic:  Investigating Archimedes’ principle for irregularly shaped objects.

Research Question:  How accurately does Archimedes’ principle predict the buoyant force on objects with complex shapes?

Topic:  The stability of floating bodies and the concept of metacentric height.

Research Question:  How does the distribution of mass affect the stability of a floating vessel?

Topic:  Density stratification in fluids and its impact on layered flow.

Research Question:  How does density stratification affect the movement and mixing of different fluid layers?

From there, it’s a big leap to astrophysics and cosmology—literally. You go from studying the flow of air around a plane to the flow of galaxies in space. It’s about seeing the bigger picture and our place in it.

If you need Physics paper writing help , we have a separate team of experts who can handle almost any tasks.

Astrophysics and Cosmology Topics and Research Questions

Stellar Physics

Topic:  Analyzing the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for star clusters.

Research Question:  What can the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram reveal about the age and composition of a star cluster?

Topic:  Classification and analysis of star spectra.

Research Question:  How does the classification of stellar spectra correlate with a star’s temperature, luminosity, and lifecycle stage?

Topic:  Investigating blackbody radiation in stars.

Research Question:  How well does the blackbody radiation model fit the observed spectral energy distribution of stars?

Cosmological Models

Topic:  Evidence for the Big Bang theory from cosmic microwave background radiation.

Research Question:  What does the cosmic microwave background radiation tell us about the origins and evolution of the universe?

Topic:  The role of dark matter in galaxy formation and rotation.

Research Question:  How does the presence of dark matter influence the rotational speeds of galaxies?

Topic:  Verifying Kepler’s laws through observation of planetary motion.

Research Question:  How accurately do Kepler’s laws describe the motion of bodies in the solar system?

Orbital Mechanics

Topic:  The energy requirements for satellite launch and achieving escape velocity.

Research Question:  What are the energy considerations and optimal conditions for a satellite to achieve escape velocity from Earth?

Topic:  The effects of orbital perturbations on satellite stability.

Research Question:  How do factors such as atmospheric drag and gravitational influences affect the stability of satellite orbits?

Topic:  Analysis of gravitational slingshot maneuvers in space missions.

Research Question:  How can gravitational assist maneuvers be optimized to increase spacecraft velocity?

But even with our heads in the stars, we can’t forget about light. Optics brings it back down to earth, showing us how light works, whether it’s bending through a lens or bouncing off a mirror.

Optics and Light Topics and Research Questions

Reflection and Refraction

Topic:  The efficiency of optical fibers in transmitting light.

Research Question:  How do imperfections in optical fibers affect the total internal reflection and efficiency of light transmission?

Topic:  Investigating Snell’s law at various interfaces.

Research Question:  How accurately does Snell’s law predict the angle of refraction for different transparent materials?

Topic:  The critical angle for total internal reflection in various media.

Research Question:  How does the critical angle for total internal reflection change with the refractive index of different materials?

Lens and Mirror Optics

Topic:  The formation of images by converging lenses under various conditions.

Research Question:  How does the focal length of a lens affect the properties of the image it forms?

Topic:  The magnification power of compound microscope systems.

Research Question:  How do the focal lengths of the objective and eyepiece lenses in a microscope affect its overall magnification?

Topic:  The aberrations in images formed by lenses and mirrors.

Research Question:  What types of optical aberrations are most prevalent in simple lens systems, and how can they be minimized?

Interference and Diffraction

Topic:  The double-slit experiment and wave-particle duality.

Research Question:  How does the double-slit experiment provide evidence for the wave-particle duality of light?

Topic:  Measuring the wavelength of light using diffraction gratings.

Research Question:  How can diffraction gratings be used to accurately measure the wavelength of light?

Topic:  The application of holography in image storage and retrieval.

Research Question:  How does holography utilize the principles of interference and diffraction to store and reconstruct images?

And light’s just one piece of the whole world of Physics. Electromagnetic waves are everywhere, from the microwave that heats your lunch to the X-rays at the dentist. It’s all part of the same big family that keeps our world connected and our lives running.

Electromagnetic Waves Topics and Research Questions

Radio and Microwave Radiation

Topic:  The design and optimization of antennas for radio communication.

Research Question:  How does the geometry of an antenna affect its radiation pattern and signal reception?

Topic:  Signal propagation in different atmospheric conditions.

Research Question:  How do atmospheric conditions affect the propagation of radio and microwave signals?

Topic:  The effectiveness of microwave radiation in communication systems.

Research Question:  What are the advantages and limitations of using microwave radiation in satellite communications?

Infrared and Ultraviolet Light

Topic:  Thermal imaging and the emissivity of different materials.

Research Question:  How does the emissivity of a material affect its detection in thermal imaging?

Topic:  The effects of UV radiation on various substances.

Research Question:  How does exposure to ultraviolet light affect the chemical structure and properties of different materials?

Topic:  Spectroscopy and the identification of chemical compounds.

Research Question:  How can infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy be used to identify and analyze different chemical compounds?

X-rays and Gamma Rays

Topic:  The application of X-ray imaging in medical diagnostics.

Research Question:  How do different tissues and materials affect the absorption and transmission of X-rays in medical imaging?

Topic:  Radiation therapy and the optimization of gamma ray dosage.

Research Question:  How can the dosage and targeting of gamma rays in radiation therapy be optimized for cancer treatment?

Topic:  Nuclear gamma spectroscopy and nuclear structure.

Research Question:  What can gamma-ray spectra reveal about the structure and energy states of atomic nuclei?

These topics and research questions are designed to guide students in their exploration of advanced concepts in physics, providing a foundation for a thorough and insightful Extended Essay.

Creating an engaging and contemporary Physics Extended Essay can be particularly rewarding when the topic is relevant to modern situations and challenges. 

Fresh Breath Ideas for Physics IB EE in 2023/2024

Here are 12 topics that connect to current events or recent advancements in technology, along with a brief explanation of their relevance:

The Physics of Electric Vehicles

Investigate the efficiency of regenerative braking systems in electric cars and how they contribute to the overall energy efficiency of the vehicle.

Renewable Energy Harvesting

Analyze the potential of piezoelectric materials in converting mechanical stress from human activities into electrical energy, contributing to sustainable power generation.

Smartphone Sensors

Explore the use of gyroscopes and accelerometers in smartphones for navigation and gaming, and how these sensors rely on principles of mechanics and material science.

Wireless Charging Technologies

Examine the electromagnetic principles behind wireless charging pads and the efficiency of energy transfer at various distances and alignments.

Solar Panel Coatings

Research the effectiveness of anti-reflective coatings on solar panels and their role in enhancing the absorption of light and overall energy conversion efficiency.

Aerodynamics of Drones

Study the impact of drone design on flight stability and energy consumption, which is critical for extending their use in delivery systems and aerial photography.

Physics in Sports Equipment

Investigate the materials and design features that contribute to the performance and safety of modern sports helmets, from bicycles to football.

Thermal Imaging and Disease Detection

Explore the use of thermal imaging in detecting fevers and its potential application in managing pandemics by early identification of symptomatic individuals.

Nanomaterials in Electronics

Analyze the electrical conductivity and properties of graphene and other nanomaterials that are revolutionizing the electronics industry.

Physics of Modern Building Design

Investigate how principles of thermodynamics are applied in the design of eco-friendly and energy-efficient buildings.

Quantum Computing

Study the basic principles of quantum computing and the challenges in maintaining quantum coherence in qubits, which are the fundamental building blocks of quantum computers.

SpaceX and Reusable Rockets

Research the physics behind the reusability of rockets, focusing on the landing mechanisms employed by companies like SpaceX and how they conserve momentum and energy.

Each of these topics is not only grounded in physics principles but also has a wealth of information available due to their current relevance and the ongoing research in these areas. 

They offer a chance to combine theoretical physics with practical application in the modern world, which can be particularly engaging for an Extended Essay.

Need a Hand with Your Physics IB EE?

Hey there, IB students! If you’re stuck on coming up with a topic or diving into writing your Physics IB Extended Essay, don’t sweat it. Our team of IB experts at Writing Metier is here to help you write a custom IB EE on this exciting subject . 

Whether you need a spark of inspiration for your topic or you want a custom-written EE following the word count , rubric and criteria that hits all the right notes, we’ve got your back. 

Reach out to us at Writing Metier extended essay writing service and have a rest while experts are working on your task.

So, that’s the rundown. Physics isn’t just about equations and lab coats; it’s the stuff all around us, from the smallest particles to the vastness of space. It’s about getting to the heart of how things work, from the every day to the extraordinary. 

And the more you learn, the more you see how everything’s linked together in one big, amazing picture.

Free topic suggestions

Vasy kafidoff.

Vasyl Kafidoff is a co-founder and CEO at WritingMetier. He is interested in education and how modern technology makes it more accessible. He wants to bring awareness about new learning possibilities as an educational specialist. When Vasy is not working, he’s found behind a drum kit.

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Sat / act prep online guides and tips, the complete ib extended essay guide: examples, topics, and ideas.

International Baccalaureate (IB)

IB students around the globe fear writing the Extended Essay, but it doesn't have to be a source of stress! In this article, I'll get you excited about writing your Extended Essay and provide you with the resources you need to get an A on it.

If you're reading this article, I'm going to assume you're an IB student getting ready to write your Extended Essay. If you're looking at this as a potential future IB student, I recommend reading our introductory IB articles first, including our guide to what the IB program is and our full coverage of the IB curriculum .

IB Extended Essay: Why Should You Trust My Advice?

I myself am a recipient of an IB Diploma, and I happened to receive an A on my IB Extended Essay. Don't believe me? The proof is in the IBO pudding:

If you're confused by what this report means, EE is short for Extended Essay , and English A1 is the subject that my Extended Essay topic coordinated with. In layman's terms, my IB Diploma was graded in May 2010, I wrote my Extended Essay in the English A1 category, and I received an A grade on it.

What Is the Extended Essay in the IB Diploma Programme?

The IB Extended Essay, or EE , is a mini-thesis you write under the supervision of an IB advisor (an IB teacher at your school), which counts toward your IB Diploma (learn more about the major IB Diploma requirements in our guide) . I will explain exactly how the EE affects your Diploma later in this article.

For the Extended Essay, you will choose a research question as a topic, conduct the research independently, then write an essay on your findings . The essay itself is a long one—although there's a cap of 4,000 words, most successful essays get very close to this limit.

Keep in mind that the IB requires this essay to be a "formal piece of academic writing," meaning you'll have to do outside research and cite additional sources.

The IB Extended Essay must include the following:

• A title page
• Contents page
• Introduction
• Body of the essay
• References and bibliography

Additionally, your research topic must fall into one of the six approved DP categories , or IB subject groups, which are as follows:

• Group 1: Studies in Language and Literature
• Group 2: Language Acquisition
• Group 3: Individuals and Societies
• Group 4: Sciences
• Group 5: Mathematics
• Group 6: The Arts

Once you figure out your category and have identified a potential research topic, it's time to pick your advisor, who is normally an IB teacher at your school (though you can also find one online ). This person will help direct your research, and they'll conduct the reflection sessions you'll have to do as part of your Extended Essay.

As of 2018, the IB requires a "reflection process" as part of your EE supervision process. To fulfill this requirement, you have to meet at least three times with your supervisor in what the IB calls "reflection sessions." These meetings are not only mandatory but are also part of the formal assessment of the EE and your research methods.

According to the IB, the purpose of these meetings is to "provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their engagement with the research process." Basically, these meetings give your supervisor the opportunity to offer feedback, push you to think differently, and encourage you to evaluate your research process.

The final reflection session is called the viva voce, and it's a short 10- to 15-minute interview between you and your advisor. This happens at the very end of the EE process, and it's designed to help your advisor write their report, which factors into your EE grade.

Here are the topics covered in your viva voce :

• A check on plagiarism and malpractice
• Your reflection on your project's successes and difficulties
• Your reflection on what you've learned during the EE process

Your completed Extended Essay, along with your supervisor's report, will then be sent to the IB to be graded. We'll cover the assessment criteria in just a moment.

We'll help you learn how to have those "lightbulb" moments...even on test day!  

What Should You Write About in Your IB Extended Essay?

You can technically write about anything, so long as it falls within one of the approved categories listed above.

It's best to choose a topic that matches one of the IB courses , (such as Theatre, Film, Spanish, French, Math, Biology, etc.), which shouldn't be difficult because there are so many class subjects.

Here is a range of sample topics with the attached extended essay:

• Biology: The Effect of Age and Gender on the Photoreceptor Cells in the Human Retina
• Chemistry: How Does Reflux Time Affect the Yield and Purity of Ethyl Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine), and How Effective is Recrystallisation as a Purification Technique for This Compound?
• English: An Exploration of Jane Austen's Use of the Outdoors in Emma
• Geography: The Effect of Location on the Educational Attainment of Indigenous Secondary Students in Queensland, Australia
• Math: Alhazen's Billiard Problem
• Visual Arts: Can Luc Tuymans Be Classified as a Political Painter?

You can see from how varied the topics are that you have a lot of freedom when it comes to picking a topic . So how do you pick when the options are limitless?

How to Write a Stellar IB Extended Essay: 6 Essential Tips

Below are six key tips to keep in mind as you work on your Extended Essay for the IB DP. Follow these and you're sure to get an A!

#1: Write About Something You Enjoy

You can't expect to write a compelling essay if you're not a fan of the topic on which you're writing. For example, I just love British theatre and ended up writing my Extended Essay on a revolution in post-WWII British theatre. (Yes, I'm definitely a #TheatreNerd.)

I really encourage anyone who pursues an IB Diploma to take the Extended Essay seriously. I was fortunate enough to receive a full-tuition merit scholarship to USC's School of Dramatic Arts program. In my interview for the scholarship, I spoke passionately about my Extended Essay; thus, I genuinely think my Extended Essay helped me get my scholarship.

But how do you find a topic you're passionate about? Start by thinking about which classes you enjoy the most and why . Do you like math classes because you like to solve problems? Or do you enjoy English because you like to analyze literary texts?

Keep in mind that there's no right or wrong answer when it comes to choosing your Extended Essay topic. You're not more likely to get high marks because you're writing about science, just like you're not doomed to failure because you've chosen to tackle the social sciences. The quality of what you produce—not the field you choose to research within—will determine your grade.

Once you've figured out your category, you should brainstorm more specific topics by putting pen to paper . What was your favorite chapter you learned in that class? Was it astrophysics or mechanics? What did you like about that specific chapter? Is there something you want to learn more about? I recommend spending a few hours on this type of brainstorming.

One last note: if you're truly stumped on what to research, pick a topic that will help you in your future major or career . That way you can use your Extended Essay as a talking point in your college essays (and it will prepare you for your studies to come too!).

#2: Select a Topic That Is Neither Too Broad nor Too Narrow

There's a fine line between broad and narrow. You need to write about something specific, but not so specific that you can't write 4,000 words on it.

You can't write about WWII because that would be a book's worth of material. You also don't want to write about what type of soup prisoners of war received behind enemy lines, because you probably won’t be able to come up with 4,000 words of material about it. However, you could possibly write about how the conditions in German POW camps—and the rations provided—were directly affected by the Nazis' successes and failures on the front, including the use of captured factories and prison labor in Eastern Europe to increase production. WWII military history might be a little overdone, but you get my point.

If you're really stuck trying to pinpoint a not-too-broad-or-too-narrow topic, I suggest trying to brainstorm a topic that uses a comparison. Once you begin looking through the list of sample essays below, you'll notice that many use comparisons to formulate their main arguments.

I also used a comparison in my EE, contrasting Harold Pinter's Party Time with John Osborne's Look Back in Anger in order to show a transition in British theatre. Topics with comparisons of two to three plays, books, and so on tend to be the sweet spot. You can analyze each item and then compare them with one another after doing some in-depth analysis of each individually. The ways these items compare and contrast will end up forming the thesis of your essay!

When choosing a comparative topic, the key is that the comparison should be significant. I compared two plays to illustrate the transition in British theatre, but you could compare the ways different regional dialects affect people's job prospects or how different temperatures may or may not affect the mating patterns of lightning bugs. The point here is that comparisons not only help you limit your topic, but they also help you build your argument.

Comparisons are not the only way to get a grade-A EE, though. If after brainstorming, you pick a non-comparison-based topic and are still unsure whether your topic is too broad or narrow, spend about 30 minutes doing some basic research and see how much material is out there.

If there are more than 1,000 books, articles, or documentaries out there on that exact topic, it may be too broad. But if there are only two books that have any connection to your topic, it may be too narrow. If you're still unsure, ask your advisor—it's what they're there for! Speaking of advisors...

Don't get stuck with a narrow topic!

#3: Choose an Advisor Who Is Familiar With Your Topic

If you're not certain of who you would like to be your advisor, create a list of your top three choices. Next, write down the pros and cons of each possibility (I know this sounds tedious, but it really helps!).

For example, Mr. Green is my favorite teacher and we get along really well, but he teaches English. For my EE, I want to conduct an experiment that compares the efficiency of American electric cars with foreign electric cars.

I had Ms. White a year ago. She teaches physics and enjoyed having me in her class. Unlike Mr. Green, Ms. White could help me design my experiment.

Based on my topic and what I need from my advisor, Ms. White would be a better fit for me than would Mr. Green (even though I like him a lot).

The moral of my story is this: do not just ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor . They might be a hindrance to you if they teach another subject. For example, I would not recommend asking your biology teacher to guide you in writing an English literature-based EE.

There can, of course, be exceptions to this rule. If you have a teacher who's passionate and knowledgeable about your topic (as my English teacher was about my theatre topic), you could ask that instructor. Consider all your options before you do this. There was no theatre teacher at my high school, so I couldn't find a theatre-specific advisor, but I chose the next best thing.

Before you approach a teacher to serve as your advisor, check with your high school to see what requirements they have for this process. Some IB high schools require your IB Extended Essay advisor to sign an Agreement Form , for instance.

Make sure that you ask your IB coordinator whether there is any required paperwork to fill out. If your school needs a specific form signed, bring it with you when you ask your teacher to be your EE advisor.

#4: Pick an Advisor Who Will Push You to Be Your Best

Some teachers might just take on students because they have to and aren't very passionate about reading drafts, only giving you minimal feedback. Choose a teacher who will take the time to read several drafts of your essay and give you extensive notes. I would not have gotten my A without being pushed to make my Extended Essay draft better.

Ask a teacher that you have experience with through class or an extracurricular activity. Do not ask a teacher that you have absolutely no connection to. If a teacher already knows you, that means they already know your strengths and weaknesses, so they know what to look for, where you need to improve, and how to encourage your best work.

Also, don't forget that your supervisor's assessment is part of your overall EE score . If you're meeting with someone who pushes you to do better—and you actually take their advice—they'll have more impressive things to say about you than a supervisor who doesn't know you well and isn't heavily involved in your research process.

Be aware that the IB only allows advisors to make suggestions and give constructive criticism. Your teacher cannot actually help you write your EE. The IB recommends that the supervisor spends approximately two to three hours in total with the candidate discussing the EE.

#5: Make Sure Your Essay Has a Clear Structure and Flow

The IB likes structure. Your EE needs a clear introduction (which should be one to two double-spaced pages), research question/focus (i.e., what you're investigating), a body, and a conclusion (about one double-spaced page). An essay with unclear organization will be graded poorly.

The body of your EE should make up the bulk of the essay. It should be about eight to 18 pages long (again, depending on your topic). Your body can be split into multiple parts. For example, if you were doing a comparison, you might have one third of your body as Novel A Analysis, another third as Novel B Analysis, and the final third as your comparison of Novels A and B.

If you're conducting an experiment or analyzing data, such as in this EE , your EE body should have a clear structure that aligns with the scientific method ; you should state the research question, discuss your method, present the data, analyze the data, explain any uncertainties, and draw a conclusion and/or evaluate the success of the experiment.

#6: Start Writing Sooner Rather Than Later!

You will not be able to crank out a 4,000-word essay in just a week and get an A on it. You'll be reading many, many articles (and, depending on your topic, possibly books and plays as well!). As such, it's imperative that you start your research as soon as possible.

Each school has a slightly different deadline for the Extended Essay. Some schools want them as soon as November of your senior year; others will take them as late as February. Your school will tell you what your deadline is. If they haven't mentioned it by February of your junior year, ask your IB coordinator about it.

Some high schools will provide you with a timeline of when you need to come up with a topic, when you need to meet with your advisor, and when certain drafts are due. Not all schools do this. Ask your IB coordinator if you are unsure whether you are on a specific timeline.

Below is my recommended EE timeline. While it's earlier than most schools, it'll save you a ton of heartache (trust me, I remember how hard this process was!):

• January/February of Junior Year: Come up with your final research topic (or at least your top three options).
• February of Junior Year: Approach a teacher about being your EE advisor. If they decline, keep asking others until you find one. See my notes above on how to pick an EE advisor.
• April/May of Junior Year: Submit an outline of your EE and a bibliography of potential research sources (I recommend at least seven to 10) to your EE advisor. Meet with your EE advisor to discuss your outline.
• Summer Between Junior and Senior Year: Complete your first full draft over the summer between your junior and senior year. I know, I know—no one wants to work during the summer, but trust me—this will save you so much stress come fall when you are busy with college applications and other internal assessments for your IB classes. You will want to have this first full draft done because you will want to complete a couple of draft cycles as you likely won't be able to get everything you want to say into 4,000 articulate words on the first attempt. Try to get this first draft into the best possible shape so you don't have to work on too many revisions during the school year on top of your homework, college applications, and extracurriculars.
• August/September of Senior Year: Turn in your first draft of your EE to your advisor and receive feedback. Work on incorporating their feedback into your essay. If they have a lot of suggestions for improvement, ask if they will read one more draft before the final draft.
• September/October of Senior Year: Submit the second draft of your EE to your advisor (if necessary) and look at their feedback. Work on creating the best possible final draft.
• November-February of Senior Year: Schedule your viva voce. Submit two copies of your final draft to your school to be sent off to the IB. You likely will not get your grade until after you graduate.

Remember that in the middle of these milestones, you'll need to schedule two other reflection sessions with your advisor . (Your teachers will actually take notes on these sessions on a form like this one , which then gets submitted to the IB.)

I recommend doing them when you get feedback on your drafts, but these meetings will ultimately be up to your supervisor. Just don't forget to do them!

The early bird DOES get the worm!

How Is the IB Extended Essay Graded?

Extended Essays are graded by examiners appointed by the IB on a scale of 0 to 34 . You'll be graded on five criteria, each with its own set of points. You can learn more about how EE scoring works by reading the IB guide to extended essays .

• Criterion A: Focus and Method (6 points maximum)
• Criterion B: Knowledge and Understanding (6 points maximum)
• Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum)
• Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum)
• Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum)

How well you do on each of these criteria will determine the final letter grade you get for your EE. You must earn at least a D to be eligible to receive your IB Diploma.

Although each criterion has a point value, the IB explicitly states that graders are not converting point totals into grades; instead, they're using qualitative grade descriptors to determine the final grade of your Extended Essay . Grade descriptors are on pages 102-103 of this document .

Here's a rough estimate of how these different point values translate to letter grades based on previous scoring methods for the EE. This is just an estimate —you should read and understand the grade descriptors so you know exactly what the scorers are looking for.

Here is the breakdown of EE scores (from the May 2021 bulletin):

How Does the Extended Essay Grade Affect Your IB Diploma?

The Extended Essay grade is combined with your TOK (Theory of Knowledge) grade to determine how many points you get toward your IB Diploma.

To learn about Theory of Knowledge or how many points you need to receive an IB Diploma, read our complete guide to the IB program and our guide to the IB Diploma requirements .

This diagram shows how the two scores are combined to determine how many points you receive for your IB diploma (3 being the most, 0 being the least). In order to get your IB Diploma, you have to earn 24 points across both categories (the TOK and EE). The highest score anyone can earn is 45 points.

Let's say you get an A on your EE and a B on TOK. You will get 3 points toward your Diploma. As of 2014, a student who scores an E on either the extended essay or TOK essay will not be eligible to receive an IB Diploma .

Prior to the class of 2010, a Diploma candidate could receive a failing grade in either the Extended Essay or Theory of Knowledge and still be awarded a Diploma, but this is no longer true.

Figuring out how you're assessed can be a little tricky. Luckily, the IB breaks everything down here in this document . (The assessment information begins on page 219.)

40+ Sample Extended Essays for the IB Diploma Programme

In case you want a little more guidance on how to get an A on your EE, here are over 40 excellent (grade A) sample extended essays for your reading pleasure. Essays are grouped by IB subject.

• Business Management 1
• Chemistry 1
• Chemistry 2
• Chemistry 3
• Chemistry 4
• Chemistry 5
• Chemistry 6
• Chemistry 7
• Computer Science 1
• Economics 1
• Design Technology 1
• Design Technology 2
• Environmental Systems and Societies 1
• Geography 1
• Geography 2
• Geography 3
• Geography 4
• Geography 5
• Geography 6
• Literature and Performance 1
• Mathematics 1
• Mathematics 2
• Mathematics 3
• Mathematics 4
• Mathematics 5
• Philosophy 1
• Philosophy 2
• Philosophy 3
• Philosophy 4
• Philosophy 5
• Psychology 1
• Psychology 2
• Psychology 3
• Psychology 4
• Psychology 5
• Social and Cultural Anthropology 1
• Social and Cultural Anthropology 2
• Social and Cultural Anthropology 3
• Sports, Exercise and Health Science 1
• Sports, Exercise and Health Science 2
• Visual Arts 1
• Visual Arts 2
• Visual Arts 3
• Visual Arts 4
• Visual Arts 5
• World Religion 1
• World Religion 2
• World Religion 3

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IB Extended Essay Topics: Physics

Stepping into the International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma program is a significant milestone, and choosing the right Extended Essay topic in Physics can be exciting and daunting. From my years of experience as an IB educator and essay advisor, I’ve seen firsthand how the choice of topic can affect a student’s research. Therefore, in this article, I aim to share insights and ideas on topics for the IB DP Physics Extended Essay.

Understanding the IB Physics Extended Essay

The IB Physics Extended Essay is an independent, self-directed piece of research that culminates in a 4,000-word paper required for the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme.

According to the IB criteria, this significant academic task involves students independently researching a topic that sparks their interest in IB DP Physics. It’s an excellent opportunity to investigate a question that captivates you and apply theoretical concepts to practical situations.

The primary aim is not merely to produce an essay but to engage in an exhaustive study showcasing your grasp of physics and enthusiasm for the subject. Now, let’s consider the following aspects of the IB Physics Extended Essay:

• Scope of Research . It’s essential to select a topic that allows for an in-depth investigation within the constraints of the available resources and the word limit.
• Application of Theory . The essay should demonstrate how physics theories and concepts can be applied to analyze a specific problem or question.
• Methodology . A clear and systematic approach to conducting your research is critical. It involves choosing appropriate methods for data collection and analysis.
• Critical Thinking . Throughout your essay, you should critically evaluate the information, data, and methodologies used.
• Creativity and Originality . Finding innovative ways to approach your topic can set your essay apart. It’s about posing new questions, exploring novel perspectives, or applying theories in unique contexts.
• Structured Argument . Your essay should present a coherent argument supported by evidence, leading the reader through your findings to a logical conclusion.
• Reflection . Reflecting on what you have learned from the research process and how it has affected your understanding of the subject area is a valuable component of the essay.

Remember, the goal is not just to write an essay but to engage in a thorough investigation demonstrating your understanding and passion for the Physics course.

Topics to Read:

• How IB Prepares Students for University?
• Can You Retake the IB Exams? Guide for IB Students
• Stress Management and Well-Being for IB Students
• How to Manage Time Effectively as an IB Student
• The Benefits of Pursuing the IB Diploma Programme
• IB vs. National Curriculum. The Benefits of an International Perspective
• What Are the Average IB Acceptance Rates? Insights from an IB Expert
• What Are the IB Internal Assessment Deadlines for 2024?
• Does an IB Diploma Help with College Admissions?
• How to Make Awesome IB Notes?
• How to Get Into the IB Program? IB Preparation
• What to Wear for IB Exams? IB Dress Code

Physics Extended Essay Topics and Research Questions

Let’s talk about some potential extended essay topics in Зhysics. Quantum mechanics, with its paradoxes and mysteries, offers a rich vein of questions to explore. Additionally, investigating the principles of relativity in everyday phenomena can provide a relatable yet profound topic. Renewable energy projects are increasingly relevant and offer a plethora of research opportunities. Lastly, the vastness of astrophysics allows for endless curiosity and exploration, from black holes to the cosmic microwave background.

The best topics for an IB Physics Extended Essay allow you to explore areas where you can apply physical principles, theories, and experimental investigations to answer complex questions. Here are some ideas:

• The Effect of Winglet Angles on Aircraft Efficiency . How do variations in winglet angles on a model aircraft wing affect its lift-to-drag ratio during flight?
• Investigating Solar Panel Orientation for Optimal Power Generation . How do different solar panel orientations and angles impact power output in a specific geographic location?
• Analyzing the Efficiency of Magnetic Levitation in Reducing Friction . How does the use of magnetic levitation affect the frictional forces on a miniaturized model of a maglev train?
• The Physics of Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change . How do different carbon dioxide concentrations affect infrared radiation absorption in a controlled environment?
• Exploring the Properties of Non-Newtonian Fluids under Stress . How does the application of varying stress levels affect the viscosity of a non-Newtonian fluid, such as a cornstarch and water mixture?
• The Role of Antenna Design in Enhancing Wireless Communication . How does the design of a DIY antenna affect the strength and range of wireless signals it receives?
• The Impact of Crater Size on Meteorite Impact Simulations . What relationship exists between the size of a projectile and the crater it creates in sand, simulating meteorite impacts?
• Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Elasticity of Rubber Bands . How does changing the temperature affect rubber bands’ elasticity and tensile strength?
• Investigation into the Optimal Conditions for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Efficiency . Under what conditions does a homemade hydrogen fuel cell operate most efficiently in terms of voltage output?
• Analyzing the Effectiveness of Different Types of Insulators in Minimizing Heat Loss . How do various household materials compare to thermal insulators in preventing heat loss from a container?
• The Physics Behind Efficient Bicycle Gear Ratios . How do different gear ratios affect cyclists’ efficiency and energy expenditure under various conditions?
• Exploring the Influence of Mirror Shape on the Focal Point of Solar Collectors . How does altering the shape of reflective mirrors affect the concentration and temperature at the focal point of a solar collector?
• Investigating the Relationship Between Electric Motor Speed and Load . What is the relationship between the load applied to an electric motor and its rotation speed?
• The Effect of Blade Design on Wind Turbine Efficiency . How does the blade design of a model wind turbine affect its power output under controlled wind conditions?
• Studying the Propagation of Sound Waves in Different Mediums . How do sound waves propagate in various mediums, and how does the medium affect the speed and attenuation of sound?
• The Dynamics of Pendulum Motion in Non-Uniform Gravitational Fields . How does the length of a pendulum affect its period in regions with varying gravitational strengths?
• Investigating the Effects of Surface Roughness on Solar Panel Efficiency . How does the surface roughness of photovoltaic solar panels impact their efficiency in converting sunlight to electricity?
• The Physics of Ice Skating: Friction and Temperature . What is the relationship between the ice’s temperature and the friction coefficient encountered by an ice skate?
• Evaluating the Impact of Air Resistance on Projectile Range . How do the shape and size of projectiles affect their range in the presence of air resistance?
• The Efficiency of Piezoelectric Materials in Energy Harvesting . How effective are different piezoelectric materials in generating electricity from mechanical stress?
• Thermal Conductivity and Building Materials: A Comparative Study . How do different building materials compare in terms of thermal conductivity and energy efficiency in a model house?
• The Effect of Altitude on the Boiling Point of Water . How does changing altitude affect the boiling point of water, and what implications does this have for cooking at high elevations?
• Optimizing the Design of a Parabolic Solar Heater . What is the most efficient design for a parabolic solar heater when considering the focal point and surface area?
• The Role of Resonance in Bridge Oscillations: A Historical Analysis . How have instances of resonance-induced oscillations in bridges influenced modern bridge design?
• Investigating the Photoelectric Effect in Different Metals . How does the photoelectric effect vary across different metals, and what does this reveal about their electronic structure?
• The Physics of Musical Instruments: String Tension and Pitch . How does the tension of strings on different musical instruments affect the pitch and quality of the sound produced?
• Exploring the Efficiency of Vertical vs. Horizontal Wind Turbines . Which vertical or horizontal orientation is more efficient for wind turbines in urban settings?
• The Impact of Battery Temperature on Electric Vehicle Performance . How does the operating temperature of batteries affect the performance and range of electric vehicles?
• Studying the Refractive Index of Various Liquids Under Temperature Changes . How does changing the temperature of different liquids affect their refractive index?
• The Physics of Archery: Arrow Dynamics and Material Science . How do an arrow’s material properties and design affect its flight dynamics and accuracy?
• Analyzing the Radiation Shielding Properties of Martian Regolith . Could Martian regolith be effectively used to shield habitats on Mars from radiation?
• The Influence of Magnetic Fields on Plant Growth . How do varying magnetic field strengths affect certain plants’ growth rate and health?
• The Acoustic Properties of Concert Halls . What architectural features contribute most significantly to the acoustic quality of concert halls?
• The Effectiveness of Heat Sinks in Electronic Devices . How do different materials and designs of heat sinks affect the thermal management of electronic devices?
• The Correlation Between Solar Flare Activity and Earth’s Climate . Is there a significant correlation between periods of increased solar flare activity and changes in Earth’s climate patterns?
• The Impact of Wind Turbine Design on Bird Populations . How does the design of wind turbines affect bird mortality rates, and what design modifications can reduce these impacts?
• The Physics of Long-Distance Space Travel: Propulsion Systems . What are the most promising propulsion systems for long-distance space travel, and how do they compare in terms of efficiency and feasibility?

These topics and questions provide a starting point for an in-depth exploration of physical concepts, encouraging critical thinking and problem-solving skills in the context of real-world applications.

Don’t let the stress of the IB curriculum hold you back.

Are you struggling to come up with topic suggestions for your IB Extended Essay? Or do you need help with Internal Assessment?

Our experienced writers can help you choose the perfect topic and assist you with any assignment.

You can order an Extended Essay tailored to your specific subject and requirements.

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Writing an IB Physics extended essay is both challenging and enjoyable. Choosing a good topic, completing comprehensive research, and writing a well-structured paper may greatly influence your IB Diploma experience. Remember, this is your chance to demonstrate your enthusiasm and knowledge of Physics.

By the way, our dedicated team of IB experts can guide students who need help with Extended Essay writing. Contact us for personalized essay assistance.

Nora Spinster

Nora Spinster is a multi-talented individual who is an educator, lawyer, youth, expert IB tutor, education activist, and language and writing enthusiast. Nora has a wealth of experience in copywriting, having worked with various organizations and businesses to craft compelling and effective copy. Nora has published articles on young learners and teenage students in the International House Journal and occasionally posts on ibwritingservice.com educational blog

• Nora Spinster https://ibwritingservice.com/blog/author/noraspinster/ Philosophy Extended Essay Topics for IB
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• Nora Spinster https://ibwritingservice.com/blog/author/noraspinster/ Topics for Music Extended Essay
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Extended Essay Writers

How to Write a Physics Extended Essay? A Guide for IB Students

Luke MacQuoid

In my years of experience as an IB writer, I’ve come to appreciate the nuances and depth of the Physics extended essay. It is an opportunity for IB students to showcase their knowledge and passion for this subject.

Today, I’d like to share my insights and help guide you on how to write a compelling and well-structured Physics extended essay .

Understanding the Physics Extended Essay Requirements

According to general IB criteria, this work has specific guidelines that students must adhere to, ensuring they remain within the Physics extended essay requirements:

• Ensure your topic is rooted in Physics. It should focus on experimental work, though some theoretical essays are acceptable if they tackle unconventional issues.
• While the word limit for the essay is 4,000 words, I’ve often observed that the most impactful papers are concise and straight to the point.
• A well-defined research question is at the heart of every essay. Ensure it’s precise and relevant to the Physics extended essay topics you’re considering.
• If you’re leaning towards an experimental Physics extended essay, remember that your experiments should be replicable. They should also provide insights that can be extrapolated to real-world scenarios.

In conclusion, while the Physics extended essay might seem like a mountain to climb, it’s achievable with the proper guidance and a clear understanding of the requirements.

Choosing the Right Topic for Your Physics Extended Essay

Often, students ask me about the best Physics extended essay topics. I think choosing an option that truly resonates with your interests but also aligns with IB’s expectations is essential. It brings me to the specifics of the IB extended essay Physics topics , which get into detailed research scopes and can challenge your analytical skills.

Possible Extended Essay Topics in IB Physics

So, what are the possible extended essay topics in IB Physics ? Here are a few options for you to consider:

• The Physics of Black Holes.
• Quantum Entanglement and its Implications.
• The Effects of Material and Thickness on Solar Cell Efficiency.
• The Acoustic Properties of Different Woods.
• Relativity in Modern GPS Systems.
• The Physics Behind Magnetic Levitation Trains.
• Fluid Dynamics in Sports.
• The Correlation Between Altitude and Boiling Points of Liquids.
• Thermoelectric Materials and their Potential in Waste Heat Recovery.
• The Harmonics of String Instruments.

Think of areas in Physics that intrigue you: Quantum mechanics? AstroPhysics? Thermodynamics? The options are numerous, but the best topics align with your passion and the IB’s expectations.

Experimental Physics Extended Essay vs. Theoretical: What’s the Difference?

Ah, the age-old debate: Experimental or Theoretical? From my experience, this decision can make or break your essay. So, let’s break it down.

• Experimental Physics . In essence, this approach is hands-on. It’s about setting up experiments, recording observations, and making inferences. If you enjoy the tangible aspects of Physics and don’t mind getting your hands dirty, this might be your calling.
• Theoretical Physics . Now, this is where things get abstract. Theoretical Physics deepens into concepts, relying heavily on mathematical models and predictions. It’s less about “doing” and more about “thinking”. If abstract ideas and critical thinking excite you, this path might be the one for you.

In conclusion, always remember to stay true to your passions while adhering to the set standards. From what I know, the path might seem challenging, but the sense of accomplishment at the end is unparalleled!

IB Physics Extended Essay: What Resources You Can Use

Taping into many resources is critical to strengthen your research and arguments. Here’s a comprehensive list that can guide you through this venture:

• Primary Textbooks . These are the backbone of your foundational knowledge. But don’t just stick to your coursebook. Check advanced-level Physics textbooks for deeper insights.
• Academic Journals . Google Scholar , JSTOR , and the American Physical Society’s journals offer up-to-date research findings and specialized knowledge.
• University Libraries . Many institutions allow the public, especially students, access to their libraries. They can be gold mines for specialized books and research papers.
• Online Platforms & Databases . You can use arXiv — a free distribution service and archive for preprints. NASA AstroPhysics Data System is also a perfect digital library portal for researchers in astronomy and Physics.
• Research Institutions & Laboratories . Some institutes allow students to access their data or even conduct experiments. Examples are CERN, Fermilab, or local universities with robust Physics departments.
• Educational Websites . Websites like Khan Academy or The Physics Classroom can elucidate complex topics.
• Software & Simulation Tools . Use COMSOL MultiPhysics for modeling and simulating experiments. PhET Interactive Simulations offers free interactive math and science simulations.
• Expert Interviews . Engaging with Physics professors, researchers, or professionals can offer unique insights. They might also point you to niche resources.
• Seminars & Workshops . Attend these, especially ones that align with your essay topic. They offer cutting-edge insights and networking opportunities.
• Your School’s Resources . Think about your school’s lab equipment, library, and, most importantly, your Physics teacher!
• Peer-Reviewed Conferences . Look for published proceedings for the latest in Physics research.
• Popular Science Books & Magazines . These can be used sparingly for general context or simply explaining complex concepts. Magazines like Scientific American or Physics Today might be helpful.

According to general IB criteria, while it’s essential to gather as much information as possible, always ensure the credibility of your sources. Cross-reference data and opt for primary over secondary sources.

The Structure of the Physics Extended Essay

Structuring your paper can make all the difference. Let’s discuss all parts of the Physics extended essay to ensure clarity and coherence.

1. The Informative Abstract

Venturing forward, you’d step into the abstract. Think of this as your elevator pitch, where you have around 300 words to present the crux of your research. Start by briefly explaining the purpose of your essay.

2. The All-Important Introduction

The introduction is your gateway to captivate the reader. Set the stage by introducing your topic and providing context. Why is it important? What real-world implications does it have? How does it tie into the larger world of Physics?

3. Methodology and Approach

Detail out the methods you’ve employed. Clarity is vital, whether it’s an experimental setup or a theoretical analysis. Describe your approach, any equipment used, variables considered, and how you collected data.

4. To the Body

It’s the heart of your essay. Analyze your findings, relate them to existing theories, and critically evaluate any discrepancies or anomalies. Break down complex concepts, ensuring they’re accessible to the reader. Use diagrams, graphs, or tables if they aid in understanding.

5. Conclusions and Reflections

Summarize your findings, reiterating their significance in the broader context of Physics. Reflect upon the entire research process, discussing your challenges and what you learned from them. Highlight potential areas for further research or unanswered questions that arose.

6. References and Bibliography

Every piece of information, data, or idea that isn’t original to you needs to be cited. Adhere to the citation style preferred by the IB and ensure consistency throughout.

Need help with your IB extended essay?

From research and analysis to structuring and editing, our skilled mentors will be by your side, helping you craft an exceptional extended essay that not only meets the wordcount and stringent IB criteria but also reflects your passion for selected IB group .

Writing the Perfect Experimental Physics Extended Essay

Ah, the realm of experimental Physics extended essay. Many students assume this is the most challenging assignment , but this is only sometimes the case. With the right approach, you can quickly reveal your topic and get the highest grade, so do not be afraid to experiment.

What Makes an Experimental Physics Extended Essay Stand Out?

Based on my experience, the most outstanding essays consistently demonstrate these characteristics:

• They don’t just regurgitate known facts. They take risks, push novel ideas, or offer a fresh perspective on classic experiments.
• It’s not just about noting observations but explaining why specific results were obtained, possibly linking to underlying Physics principles.
• A standout essay meticulously details the experiment setup, ensuring reproducibility. Every step, from equipment calibration to data collection, is clearly articulated.
• Beyond presenting results, these essays interpret data critically, drawing meaningful conclusions and suggesting further research areas.

Remember that the best essays often link findings to real-world applications or implications, showing a broader understanding of Physics in our daily lives.

Tips for a Successful Physics Extended Essay

Throughout my path as an IB tutor, I’ve picked up a few tricks of the trade that I believe can improve any paper:

• Start Early . Physics, being a comprehensive subject, demands time for research, experimentation (if you’re doing an experimental essay), and analysis.
• Pick a Manageable Topic . Getting into highly complex areas is tempting, but remember that depth trumps breadth. 
• Align with Your Interests . Your enthusiasm will shine through in your writing. Choose a topic you’re genuinely curious about. 
• Prioritize Your Research Question . It should be clear, focused, and researchable within the word limit. Avoid overly broad or vague questions.
• Use Varied Resources . While textbooks are a good starting point, venture into academic journals, online databases, and expert interviews to gather diverse insights.
• Stick to the IB Rubric . Familiarize yourself with the IB Physics extended essay criteria . This rubric will be your guiding light, ensuring you hit all the necessary points.
• Draft, Revise, Repeat . Your first draft is unlikely to be your final one. Write, take a break, return with fresh eyes, revise, and repeat the cycle.
• Maintain Academic Integrity . Cite all sources diligently. Plagiarism is a strict no-no in the IB world.
• Understand the Theory . Even if you’re focusing on an experiment, grounding your observations in theoretical concepts is crucial. It shows a holistic understanding of the topic.
• Maintain a Consistent Structure . Introduction, research question, body, analysis, conclusion, and references — maintaining this flow aids in readability and coherence.

Over the years, I’ve seen students get lost in the vastness of their chosen subjects, but with a straightforward question, you can remain focused. Lastly, avoid straying from the IB extended essay Physics guidelines. They’re there for a reason, and adhering to them can significantly boost your score.

So, writing the Physics extended essay is no small feat, but with the right approach and a sprinkle of dedication, it’s an enriching experience. Follow the guidelines, choose your topic wisely, and structure your essay well, and you’ll be on the path to success. Best of luck to you!

Luke MacQuoid has extensive experience teaching English as a foreign language in Japan, having worked with students of all ages for over 12 years. Currently, he is teaching at the tertiary level. Luke holds a BA from the University of Sussex and an MA in TESOL from Lancaster University, both located in England. As well to his work as an IB Examiner and Master Tutor, Luke also enjoys sharing his experiences and insights with others through writing articles for various websites, including extendedessaywriters.com blog

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IBDP Physics

Website by Chris Hamper & Emma Mitchell

Updated 21 April 2024

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• Writing an Extended Essay
• Extended Essay

Some sections of this website are strictly teacher only however this part is for students. I have tried to use both my experience writing an essay and as a supervisor to give some advice to students thinking of writing a physics EE.

For the student the early days of the EE are full of choices, firstly which subject to choose, secondly which topic and thirdly what research question. There are many reasons that students choose to write their EE in physics:

• Physics is their best/favourite subject.
• They want to study physics at university.
• They want me to write a teacher recommendation.
• They find physics difficult and think this might improve their chances.

These are all valid reasons, in fact I often say to students that if they want me to write a teacher recommendation for them then they might consider doing an EE in physics, it means that I can really add some meat to the reference. It makes a big difference when you can write about the independent research that the student is involved with and all the challenges they have faced, universities are often more impressed than the IB examiners.  

Students don't have to be good at physics to write a good essay as long as they stick to what they know, its probably easier to score well for a student who is a good essay writer and poor at physics than someone who is good at physics but can't write an essay. From the beginning it must be stressed that this is an essay not a university research paper so doesn't have to be cutting edge, as you will find out most of the marks of for how the essay is structured not the physics. This is a problem for some of our student who maybe like physics because they don't like writing essays, if that is the case then I am afraid that they will not get a good grade writing an essay in any subject so they might as well do it in physics and add their weight to the dreadful statistics.

If you are new to the IB then you might not know this yet but to get an A with a physics extended essay is almost impossible, the statistics are certainly not encouraging.

Since this is about writing an extended essay I should quote the source of these numbers

http://occ.ibo.org/ibis/documents/dp/d_x_dpyyy_stb_0905_1_e.pdf http://occ.ibo.org/ibis/documents/dp/d_x_dpyyy_stb_0811_1_e.pdf http://occ.ibo.org/ibis/documents/dp/d_x_dpyyy_stb_0805_1_e.pdf

These are the IB Diploma Statistical Bulletins for the relevant years, they contain a lot of other interesting statistics if you are interested in that sort of thing.

What these figures show is that less students get grade A's in group 4 subjects than the others. It does not say that it is more difficult to get an A in a group 4 subject but that's how a lot of people interpret it.

Type of Essay

There are 5 types of essay

• Experimental: design and implementation of an experiment, then personal collection and analysis of the data.
• Data-based : location and extraction of raw or processed data, not collected directly by the student, which is then further refined and analysed.
• Theoretical : development of a quantitative or semi-quantitative description of some physical phenomenon, exercise of the model, predictions about its behaviour and limitations.
• Survey: formulation of a cohesive, ordered, analytical and supported (qualitative and quantitative) discussion of the topic.
• Combination : some combination of the approaches listed above.

Whichever one of these is chosen it is important that the student has the possibility to put some of their own ideas into the essay, these don't have to be correct but if not they must have enough understanding to realise why they are not. It's far easier to have personal input when doing an experimental type essay so these are the type that i promote with my students and what this website will focus on.

Go Physics Go

Scroll down for free IB physics worksheets, free video solutions to the worksheets, to learn more about the internal assessment and the extended essay, suggestions for learning physics, and opportunities to teach abroad.

Please feel free to download and share the free IB physics worksheets on this website with all the IB physics students and IB physics teachers you know. 

These worksheets are specifically made for the IB physics curriculum for the 2024 exam and 2025 exam.

The free solutions to all these free IB physics worksheets can be found on the YouTube channel Go Physics Go . 

There are only three steps required to learn physics from this website:

Step 1: Download the free IB physics worksheets.

Step 2: Print the worksheets or go to a print shop and print a workbook.

Step 3: Watch and take notes on the free videos in the worksheets which you have printed.

Please remember to go on YouTube to comment, like, share, and subscribe!

Suggestion for teachers: Get your school to print a workbook for each student. Begin each topic during class and assign a few problems for homework. Let the students know that they can check their solutions on the YouTube channel .

Free IB Physics Worksheets

Worksheets for 2025 exam.

A.1 Kinematics

A.2 Forces and Momentum

A.3 Work, Energy, and Power

A.4 Rigid Body Mechanics

A.5 Galilean and Special Relativity

Topic A: Space, Time, and Motion

B.1 Thermal Energy Transfers

B.2 Greenhouse Effect

B.3 Gas Laws

B.4 Thermodynamics

B.5 Current and Circuits

Topic B: The Particulate Nature of Matter

C.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

C.2 Wave Model

C.3 Wave Phenomena

C.4 Standing Waves and Resonance

C.5 Doppler Effect

Topic C: Wave Behavior

D.1 Gravitational Fields

D.2 Electric and Magnetic Fields

D.3 Motion in Electromagnetic Fields

D.4 Induction

Topic D: Fields

E.1 Structure of the Atom

E.2 Quantum Physics

E.3 Radioactive Decay

E.4 Fission

E.5 Fusion and Stars

Topic E: Nuclear and Quantum Physics

Worksheets for 2024 Exam

Topics 1.1-8.2

Topics 9.1-12.2

Option B: Engineering Physics

Option D: Astrophysics

Free Video Solutions to IB Physics Worksheets

Topic A.0 Math

Topic A.1 Kinematics

Topic A.2 Forces and Momentum

Topic A.3 Work, Energy, and Power

Topic A.4 Rigid Body Mechanics

Topic A.5 Galilean and Special Relativity

Topic B.1 Thermal Energy Transfers

Topic B.2 Greenhouse Effect

Topic B.3 Gas Laws

Topic B.4 Thermodynamics

Topic B.5 Current and Circuits

Topic C.1 Simple Harmonic Motion

Topic C.2 Wave Model

Topic C.3 Wave Phenomena

Topic C.4 Standing Waves and Resonance

Topic C.5 Doppler Effect

Topic D.1 Gravitational Fields

Topic D.2 Electric and Magnetic Fields

Topic D.3 Motion in Electromagnetic Fields

Topic D.4 Induction

Topic E.1 Structure of the Atom

Topic E.2 Quantum Physics

Topic E.3 Radioactive Decay

Topic E.4 Fission

Topic E.5 Fusion and Stars

IB Physics Internal Assessment

The IB physics internal assessment is all about showing the IBO that you know how to write a complete lab report.

You really need to go over and apply the mark scheme for the internal assessment again and again to your internal assessment to receive a high score. The mark scheme is given at the bottom of this section.

Ask your teacher for samples of the internal assessment. If he/she can’t provide any for you then go online and try to find some. If that doesn’t work then e-mail me at  [email protected]  and I can send you a few.

Get your classmates to read your internal assessment and read theirs too to gain more knowledge.

The IBO does not want teachers to read more than 12 pages for the internal assessment. If your internal assessment is more than 12 pages then you are doing something wrong. If you have too many raw data tables, processed data tables, and/or graphs then consider putting that information in the appendix which will not be counted as part of your physics internal assessment.

Your internal assessment should have the following sections:

• Your cover page should have your research question as the title and the phrase “IB Physics Internal Assessment” below it in a smaller font. Nothing else.
• Do not put your name and candidate number anywhere on your internal assessment.
• Your cover page is not included as a page in your internal assessment.
• Give a “catchy” personal story as to why you are interested in this research question.
• State the key physics concepts and define them well.
• State the physics equation(s) and define each variable.
• Insert an image or two to be more clear.
• This section should have only one sentence: your research question with a question mark at the end.
• Your research question needs to be easy to find. This is why the title of your internal assessment is also your research question.
• Make a list of the independent variable(s), the dependent variable(s), and the controlled variable(s).
• Make a clear list of the materials you will use in your internal assessment.
• Have one image of all your materials in it. Clearly label your materials on the image.
• Make a list of steps to conduct the investigation.
• Insert an image of your lab setup.
• If there are no ethical and/or safety concerns regarding your internal assessment then write something like “there are no ethical and safety concerns when conducting this investigation.”
• You need a five by five table here. This table will give enough raw data to obtain processed data. It will look something like the table below:

• You need to process your raw data. It will look something like the table below:
• Also include a clear graph with labeled axes and uncertainties. There are many videos online which will teach you how to do this  like this one . It will look something like the graph below:

• What conclusion(s) can you make from your processed data?
• List as many errors and limitations you can think of. Go into detail for each one.
• The “buzz words” your teacher wants to see in this section are “random errors,” “systematic errors,” “high/low accuracy,” and “high/low precision.”
• List as many suggested methods for improvement you can think of. Go into detail for each one!
• Most internal assessments have only one resource in their bibliography. That is enough for an internal assessment.
• You need to learn how to cite correctly. Ask your English teacher for information about this. The  Purdue OWL  website is a great resource for this.
• If you have too many raw data tables, processed data tables, and/or graphs then consider adding an appendix section.
• The appendix section is not counted as part of the 12 pages for the internal assessment.

100 Internal Assessment Ideas for IB Physics

300 Stimulating Ideas for IB Physics Practical Investigations and EE’s

Skillful Writing of an Awful Research Paper

Internal Assessment Mark Scheme 2024

Internal Assessment Mark Scheme 2025

IB Physics Extended Essay

The IB physics extended essay is all about showing the IBO that you know how to write a research paper.

You need to choose a research question which is interesting enough to you which will motivate you to read research papers on it.

The extended essay needs many resources in the bibliography. Six would be a minimum number. Aim for double digits.

The IB physics internal assessment may have only one independent variable with one five by five table but the extended essay may have two or more independent variables with two or more five by five tables. In other words you may conduct more labs and obtain more data when completing a physics extended essay than a physics internal assessment.

Ask your teacher for samples of the extended essay. If he/she can’t provide any for you then go online and try to find some. If that doesn’t work then e-mail me at  [email protected]  and I can send you a few.

Suggestions for Students

Respect physics by giving it a lot of thought and time. You can’t learn physics concepts quickly. It took thousands of scientists thousands of years to come up with the knowledge in your physics textbook. Don’t think you can learn this information easily and painlessly.

You can visualize most physics concepts. There are a ton of videos on physics experiments online. Spend a lot of time learning and visualizing the concepts in physics.

Watch and take notes on all 52 videos of  The Mechanical Universe . I am confident you will fall in love with this video series.

Physics is not math. You are not equation hunting to solve problems. You need to know exactly “what is going on in the physical universe” to solve physics problems with more confidence.

Go through as many examples and complete as many problems as possible before taking a test. Buy a copy of Schaum’s Outlines of College Physics. You can also find this online in pdf format.

Understand the  Learning Pyramid  well. Lectures, reading, audio/visual, and demonstrations are all great to learn a topic during the beginning but you must make sure that you have the experience of group discussions, practice by doing, and teaching others to make sure that you have completely understood the topic before being tested on it.

Opportunities to Teach Abroad

Go to the websites below to search for teaching opportunities.

Is there a broken link? Would you like me to add a website? Please contact me at  [email protected]  and I will edit this page as soon as I can hopefully.

AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND

acgedu.com  ACG Schools

seek.com.au  SEEK

teacherappointments.com.au  Teacher Appointments

teachnz.govt.nz  TeachNZ

CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA

amisa.us  American International Schools in the Americas

CENTRAL ASIA

tuis.uz  (Uzbekistan)

abroadchina.org  Abroad China

cafe.anesl.com/joblist.aspx  Angelina’s ESL Cafe

chinajob.com  Chinajob

dipont.com  Dipont Education

echinacities.com  eChinacities

goayc.org  Ambassador Year in China Program

jobsitechina.com/jobs/index.aspx  Jobsite China

teachcn.com  teachcn

willexceltesol.com/main.htm  Will-Excel TESOL Institute

aclipse.net  Aclipse

goldstarteachers.com  Gold Star TEFL Recruitment

hesseducation.com  HESS (China, South Korea, Singapore, Vietnam)

hr.esldewey.com  Dewey (Taiwan)

jobsdb.com  JobsDB by SEEK (Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand)

jobstreet.com  JobStreet by Seek (Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam)

reachtoteachrecruiting.com  Reach to Teach

cetp.info  Central European Teaching Program

educationcareers.ie  Education Careers (Ireland)

gumtree.com  Gumtree (United Kingdom)

hays.co.uk  Hays (United Kingdom)

eccteachinjapan.com  ECC Foreign Language Institute

ohayosensei.com  O-Hayo Sensei: The Newsletter of (Teaching) Jobs in Japan

westgatejapan.com  Westgate Corporation

MIDDLE EAST

adek.gov.ae  Abu Dhabi Department of Education and Knowledge

amideast.org  Amideast

bayt.com  Bayt

canadianipgroup.com  Canadian IP Group

forteseducation.com  Fortes Education

founditgulf.com  foundit

gulftalent.com  GulfTalent

skylinetechsolutions.com  Skyline Global Solutions

teachmideast.org  TeachMideast

ajarn.com  Ajarn

UNITED STATES

academickeys.com  Academic Keys

careerjet.com  Careerjet

carneysandoe.com  Carney Sandoe & Associates

chronicle.com  The Chronicle of Higher Education

dodea.edu  Department of Defense Education Activity

educationjobsite.com  Education Job Site

hound.com  Hound

insidehighered.com  Inside Higher Ed

indeed.com/worldwide  Indeed

jobrapido.com  jobrapido

jobvertise.com  Jobvertise

randstadusa.com  Randstad

simplyhired.com  SimplyHired

trovit.com  Trovit

usajobs.gov  USAJOBS

usnlx.com  National Labor Exchange

academicsltd.co.uk  Academics

americantesol.com/teaching-english-worldwide-tesol.htm  American TESOL Institute

careerjet.com/siteshttps://www.careerjet.com/sites  Careerjet

careers.nais.org/search.cfm  National Association of Independent Schools

cied.georgetown.edu/programs/english-language-programs/#  Center of Intercultural Education and Development

cobis.org.uk  Council of British International Schools

edufind.info  Edufind

edvectus.com  Edvectus

english1.com/?redirect=trt  English First

english-schools.org  World Wide Schools

eslbase.com  ESL Base

eslcafe.com  ESL Cafe

eslemployment.com  ESL Employment

esljobs.com  ESL Jobs

esljobs.biz  ESL Jobs

esljobsboard.com  ESL Jobs Board

eslspace.com  ESL Space

expatriates.com  Expatriates

flyteachers.com  Fly Teachers

footprintsrecruiting.com  Footprints Recruiting

gabbitas.com  Gabbitas

galvineducation.com  Galvin Education

gooverseas.com  Go Overseas

hays.com  Hays

higheredjobs.com/Default.cfm  Higher Ed Jobs

ibo.org/jobs-and-careers/  IBO

idealist.org  Idealist

ihteachenglish.com/jobs  International House

international-schools-database.com  International Schools Database

ischooladvisor.com  International School Advisor

iss.edu  International Schools Services

jobs.theguardian.com  The Guardian

jobsineducation.com  Jobs in Education

joyjobs.com  Joy Jobs

learn4good.com  Learn4Good

m2rglobal.com  m2r Education

marksesl.com  Mark’s ESL World

mosaicaeducation.com  Mosaic Education

nordanglia.com  Nord Anglia

oasisis.org  OASIS International Schools

onestopenglish.com  One Stop English

peacecorps.gov  Peace Corps

qsi.org  Quality Schools International

redteachers.com  Red Teachers

reed.co.uk  Reed

sabis.net  Sabis

schrole.com  Schrole

searchassociates.com  Search Associates

seekteachers.com  Seek Teachers

seriousteachers.com  Serious Teachers

teachanywhere.com  Teach Anywhere

teachaway.com  Teach Away

teacherhorizons.com  Teacher Horizons

teachingabroaddirect.co.uk  Teaching Abroad

teachingnomad.com  Teaching Nomad

tefl.com  TEFL

tefl.net  TEFL

tes.com/jobs/browse/international  Times Education Supplement

ticrecruitment.com  Teachers International Consultancy Recruitment

tieonline.com  The International Educator

timeshighereducation.co.uk  Times Higher Education

topschooljobs.org  Top School Jobs

totalesl.com  Total ESL

unitedplanet.org  United Planet

university-directory.eu  University Directory

universityjobs.com  University Jobs

vergemagazine.com  Verge Magazine

weneedteachers.com  We Need Teachers

workabroad.ph  Work Abroad

world.wallstreetenglish.com/login  Wall Street English

worldteach.org  World Teach

worldteachers.net  World Teachers

I am an IB math and IB physics teacher. 

Questions? Comments? Suggestions?

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Tips on writing an EE in Physics

To help get you started with your Physics EE, here are tips on how I structured mine. Psst..this is quite a long post so bear with me 🙂

While some would advise staying away from science subjects for your Extended Essay (EE), I feel that if you are interested in pursuing science-related majors in university, it is a rewarding experience. As long as you have a solid plan of what you are going to do and coherently analyze your results, it is definitely NOT impossible to get an A. In fact, to make it seem less daunting, just think of it as an extended IA!

Introduction: Set-Up and Background Information

-Background Information on Problem:  Start with a concise explanation of what inspired you to do this Physics EE. My tip is to relate your experiment to existing problems in your home country. For instance, my EE had the research question “How does the turbine radius affect the efficiency of a horizontal axis wind turbine?” and I linked it to Indonesia’s newly inaugurated wind farm, which at the moment, has limited efficiency. My EE could, in theory, be a stepping stone in helping Indonesia have increased turbine efficiency and spend less money on blade material.

I would also recommend writing about your problem’s financial or social factors to show more depth behind your “personal motivation”. Afterwards, slowly build up to your research question. This should take up from ½ to 1 page.

-Background information on Idea:  Write about the background information you have found regarding your topic and experiment, including its advantages and drawbacks. Add pictures, if possible, to give examiners a better understanding of what you are doing. Then, relate to how your research can add to the current knowledge of the topic.

-Define and clarify the terms and formulas you are using throughout your EE: Specify what each symbol in the formula means and have their units written.

-Hypothesis: Add necessary scientific information to back up your claims, and don’t forget to cite your sources!

-Set-Up: The set-up can be divided into two sections: Construction & Operation. The “Construction” section is about how you will create your set-up for the experiment, whereas the “Operation” section should be about how you will collect your data. Make sure to be specific and add diagram/ reference photos for more clarity. 

The Experiment

-Technical Data:  Write down all the lengths and measurements of the setup and any other additional information that you think is essential for your report. 

-Experiment Variables:  • Independent Variable (IV): You would typically have more IV increments than in your average IA. I had a total of 9 increments. However, you can have more or fewer increments, depending on your experiment’s difficulty and the aim of your analysis.  *Tip: Explain why you chose the specific interval between your increments for more in-depth analysis • Dependent Variable (DV): Write what your DV is and how you would measure them • Controlled Variables (CV): Write your controlled variables, possible impact on results if not controlled, and plan to control them. Four variables would generally be appropriate since they will be complete enough but not waste too many words.

-Data Collection: Talk about the specifications and details of how you collected data. This is when you will be doing the actual experiment for your EE. Make sure to compile your results into your raw and processed data table (Add sample calculation to your appendix so you won’t waste words). 

Analysing the Data

-Graphs:  I highly recommend more than one graph. However, try not to exceed four graphs to make sure that you have enough words to explain each graph in detail.

– Analysis: While the analysis portion would differ from person to person, some ideas on how to analyze would be to write about:

– What is the general trend + Possible explanation (Scientific reason)

– Outliers + Error bars + Possible factors that contributed to outlier/ error 

– R 2 value 

– Agree/ Disagree with the hypothesis (To what extent)

To wrap up your Physics EE, summarise your findings: trends, possible reasons for the trend and deviations from the trend. Relate it back to the problem you mentioned in the background information section and what suggestions you have for that problem based on your results.

Have at least five systematic and random errors (combined). Write about what the error was, how it affected your data and suggestions to improve.

Lastly, what experiments can be done to further support or test your data results in the future?

Whew… That was quite a lot of information to take in. Have fun with your extended essay, and though it takes up a lot of your time, you will undoubtedly learn new things from it. Good luck!!

You might also like…

• More IBlieve insights into the EE are available here
• R ead Nikki’s overview of Physics HL here .
• Find samples of Physics EEs with scores & annotations here .

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How many pages should the EE be?

Hello Aariz! The EE is a 4000-word essay, so word count is more of a priority compared to page number!

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OGC Extended Essay: Physics

• Computer Science
• Design Technology
• Global Politics
• Language Acquisition
• Mathematics
• Sports Science
• World Studies
• Notes & Outlines
• Works Cited Page
• In-Text Citations
• Reflections
• Supervisor Info
• Library This link opens in a new window

• Requirements

Research Questions

• Past Papers

 Physics: Overview 

An extended essay (EE) in physics should answer a research question in physics through focused, evidence-based argumentation. The evidence may be drawn from the student’s personal experimentation and/or book- and internet-based research. Whichever method of research is adopted, the student must use the principles of physics.

The essay must go beyond simply informing the reader and involve the elements of personal and original thinking .

Requirements for a Physics EE

SUBJECT-Specific Guidance pages  explain the requirements. Print, highlight, annotated this document and pin it above your desk!

• Subject-Specific Guidance

Use   Command Terms  in your essay to indicate a strong background in your subject

• Physics Command Terms

Read the Subject Reports to see what examiners said  about makes a successful paper to  know what they are  looking  for.

• Subject Report, 2021
• Subject Report, 2018

Review the questions below

• Which ones will be most successful?
• What ideas do the questions spark for you?

Physics Research Questions, scoring A or B

How does the changing velocity of the inductrack levitation system affect the lift force and the levitation height? 

How does the minimum time required for two hollow right circular cones made of aluminium foil of constant base radii and a constant air gap to undergo dielectric breakdown in a resonant microwave oven depend on the surface area of the cones? 

How does varied surface roughness affect a hollow cylinder’s vertical and horizontal flight path when rotated on its converse axis? 

How does the percentage of missing surface area of sandpaper due to holes affect the maximum coefficient of static friction between the sandpaper and a wooden block?

How does the density of the material affect the relative intensity of transmitted sound for 220Hz, 440 Hz, 880 Hz sound waves?

How does the force applied to a projectile shot out of a coil gun, and its efficiency, change with the variation of the voltage input? 

Other Research Questions

(score unknown - think about which are most successful)

• To what extent does the volume of water affect the altitude gained by adding a constant pressure?

Past Papers: Why Read Them?

• See  common structures, methodologies, use of command terms  and other subject-specific vocabulary
• Notice the difference  between successful papers AND papers that were less successful
• Read the  examiner comments  on scored papers and their reflections to note what worked and what didn't

Physics Papers

Physics EE Example

Physics EE Example 1

Physics EE Example 2

Physics EE Example 3

Physics EE Example 4

Physics EE Example 5

Science Magazines

• American Scientist
• Discover  
• New Scientist
• Popular Science
• Science  
• Scientific American
• Science Daily
• Science Illustrated
• Science News

Physics Resources

Flying Circus of Physics

IOPscience Fully Open Access Journals

IOPscience Hybrid Open Access Journals

The Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol. I Ch. 9: Newton's Laws on Dynamics

PhET Interactive Simulations

oPhysics (simulations)

Student DCP Simulations

Praxilabs (3D Physics Simulations)

SERC (Science Education Resource Center)

SERC Physics Videos

Vernier Pivot Interactives

Interactive Video Vignettes

Statistical and Thermal Physics

Cosmic Ray e-Lab

KCVS (King's Center for Visualization in Science)

NASA aerodynamics and propulsion programs (downloadable)

• OnScreen Science, Inc. (subatomic particle decay events)

Physlets and HTML5 Simulations for physics from Andrew Duffy

Labs on the Physics Aviary

KET Virtual Physics Labs

Physics - Interactive simulations, video (eduMedia)

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• Last Updated: Apr 24, 2024 10:02 AM
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IB Extended Essay (EE)

• Extended Essay Main Page
• Business & Management
• Computer Science
• Environmental Systems & Societies (ESS)
• Human Rights
• Information Technology in a Global Society (ITGS)
• Mathematics
• Peace and Conflict Studies
• Social and Cultural Anthropology
• Visual Arts
• World Religions
• World Studies

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Excellent extended essays - physics, find example excellent essays, click on the subjects to browse the list of excellent extended essays..

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• Last Updated: Oct 18, 2022 9:00 AM
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Gr. 11-12 Extended Essay

• Reflections
• Choose a Subject
• Choose a Topic
• Draft a Research Question
• Develop Your Search Strategy
• Computer Science

About a Physics EE

Website sources.

• Visual Arts
• World Studies
• Introduction
• Academic Integrity
• Common Questions
• For Supervisors
• EE Examples

Physics EE examples

• Flying Circus of Physics
• IOPscience Fully Open Access Journals
• IOPscience Hybrid Open Access Journals
• The Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol. I Ch. 9: Newton's Laws on Dynamics
• PhET Interactive Simulations
• oPhysics (simulations)
• Student DCP Simulations
• Praxilabs (3D Physics Simulations)
• SERC (Science Education Resource Center)
• SERC Physics Videos
• Vernier Pivot Interactives
• Interactive Video Vignettes
• Statistical and Thermal Physics
• Cosmic Ray e-Lab
• KCVS (King's Center for Visualization in Science)
• NASA aerodynamics and propulsion programs (downloadable)
• OnScreen Science, Inc. (subatomic particle decay events)
• Physlets and HTML5 Simulations for physics from Andrew Duffy
• Labs on the Physics Aviary
• KET Virtual Physics Labs
• Physics - Interactive simulations, video (eduMedia)
• << Previous: History
• Next: Visual Arts >>
• Last Updated: Apr 5, 2024 8:17 AM
• URL: https://yorkschool.libguides.com/extendedessay

Example essays

The International Baccalaureate® (IB)  programme resource centre,  a key resource for educators at IB World Schools, includes several examples of  extended essay titles .

These highlight the diverse range of topics covered by International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP) students during their extended essays.

Some examples are:

• “An analysis of costume as a source for understanding the inner life of the character”
• “A study of malnourished children in Indonesia and the extent of their recovery after a period of supervised improved nutrition.”
• “Doing  versus  being: language and reality in the Mimamsa school of Indian philosophy.” 
• “The effects of sugar-free chewing gum on the pH of saliva in the mouth after a meal.”
• “To what extent has the fall in the exchange rate of the US dollar affected the tourist industry in Carmel, California?”
•  “What level of data compression in music files is acceptable to the human ear?”

Also available in the programma resource centre , the Diploma Programme Assessment Procedures has guidance on choosing a subject for the extended essay.

The PRC is only available to existing IB World Schools.

You can also purchase examples of essays in the IB Store . These essays fulfil the requirements for an ‘A’ grade in the extended essay.

If your school is not one already, learn how to become an IB World School  in order to implement the DP.

2016-2017 IB Extended Essay: Sample IB EE's

• Workshop 1: Getting started
• Workshop 2: EE Options
• Workshop 3: Selecting a topic
• Workshop 4:Research Questions
• Workshop 5: Supervisors and Reflections
• Finding Books & Ebooks
• Primary Sources
• Citation Guide
• Subject guidance
• Sample IB EE's
• Biology (2018 new rubric)
• Biology Light Intensity
• Does Age Have an Effect on Short-term Memory of 6 to 18 Year Old Students?

Chemistry: 

• Chemistry 1
• What are the Alternative Fuels for the Depleting Fossil Fuels and which is the Best Fuel in Accordance with the Energy Output?
• A Copper Ions
• Chemistry 3

Design Technology

• Does Hull Trim and Balance Affect the Speed of a Boat?

Individuals & Society:

• Market Form of the Retail Petroleum Supply Industry in Parklands
• Economics 1
• Economics 2
• Economics 3

I have an exemplar but the file is too big to upload.  If you are interested in this topic I can share the essay with you.

• Geography 2
• History EE (2018 new rubric)
• To What Extent was the Establishment of the State of Israel in Palestine in 1948, Influenced by Theodor Herzl?

Information Technology in a Global Society

• Philosophy 1
• Philosophy 2
• Philosophy 3
• Philosophy 4
• Psychology EE (2018 new rubric)
• Applied Behavior Analysis and Early Intervention: The Extent of Recovery from Autism
• Psychology 1
• Psychology 2
• Psychology 3

Social & Cultural Anthropology

• Social & Cultural Anthropology 1
• Social & Cultural Anthropology 2

World Religions

• To What Extent do the Core Scriptural Teachings of Sikhism Permit them to Marry Outside of the Religion?
• World Religions 1
• World Religions 2

Language Acquisition:

• French: Les Liaisons Dangereuses

Literature & Language 

•   Journeys in the Inferno and The Wonderful Wizard of Oz   
•   Toni Morrison 

Math: 

•   Cryptography and Rubik's Cube: An Investigative Analysis   
•   Pascal's Triangle 

Visual Arts: 

•   How Does the work of Yinka Shonibare Illustrate the Changing Role of African Art in a Global Society? 
• Ballet's Accessibility and Costumes Affecting Society's View of the Art Form
• Visual Arts 1
• Visual Arts 4

Interdisciplinary Essays:

Environmental Systems & Societies

• ESS Extended Essay (2018 new rubric)

World Studies

• World Studies EE History, Economics, & Politics  (2018 new rubric)
• Does the Production of Dairy and Meat from Dairy Cows in the United States affect the Environment and Well Being of Animals and Humans?
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